Witness History

Witness History

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20260416
20260417 (WS)

Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space.

The story of our times told by the people who were there.

[LISTEN NOW]

20260422
20260423 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

The story of our times told by the people who were there.

[LISTEN NOW]

20251015

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue.

We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

20251015
20251016 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

20260130
20260131 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

20260204

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

20260204
20260205 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

20250730

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

20250730
20250731 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

20250801
20250802 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

20241126

20241127 (WS)

Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.

[LISTEN NOW]

20260212

20260213 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

20260417

20260417
20260418 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

The story of our times told by the people who were there.

[LISTEN NOW]

20260501

20260502 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

The story of our times told by the people who were there.

[LISTEN NOW]

20260508

20260509 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

The story of our times told by the people who were there.

[LISTEN NOW]

20260511

20260512 (WS)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

The story of our times told by the people who were there.

[LISTEN NOW]

\u00d6tzi: The Iceman Of Bolzano

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In September 1991, two German hikers found a dead body while walking through Europe's Ötzal Alps. It turned out to be a perfectly preserved 5,000-year-old mummy.

The archaeologist Konrad Spindler inspected the body along with the assemblage of items recovered from the gravesite.

A person of this age had never been found before in such exceptional condition.

They'd lived during the transition between the stone and copper ages, and provided a snapshot into early human culture, medicine and genetics.

Hunter Chjarlton tells the story through archive interviews with the archaeologist Konrad Spindler and forensic pathologist Rainer Henn who were involved in recovering, analysing and preserving the mummy. An Ember production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The hikers with the mummy they discovered in September 1991. Credit:Paul Hanny/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

In September 1991, two German hikers found a 5,000-year-old mummy in a glacier

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In September 1991, two German hikers found a perfectly preserved 5,000-year-old mummy in a glacier in Europe's Ötzal Alps.

[LISTEN NOW]

11m: The Day Madrid Was Bombed

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A regular morning turned into a day of nightmares for Spanish commuters on 11 March 2004.

In the space of minutes, 10 bombs detonated on trains around Madrid, killing nearly 200 and injuring more than 1,800.

With a general election three days away, the political fall-out was dramatic.

In 2014, two politicians from opposite sides told Mike Lanchin about that terrible day – and what happened next.

(Photo: The wreckage of a commuter train. Credit: Bruno Vincent/Getty Images)

Nearly 200 died when Spanish commuter trains were bombed in 2004

Nearly 200 died and more than 1,800 were injured when 10 bombs were set off in Madrid in 2004.

1968 New York City Teachers' Strike

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A series of unprecedented teachers' strikes temporarily shut most of New York's schools in the late 1960s, provoked by an ongoing dispute over whether parents could have a say in the running of their children's schools.

‘Community control' over the city's schools was a divisive issue at the time, part of the civil rights and Black Power movement, in the USA.

Linda Mannheim spoke to Monifa Edwards, who was a pupil at a school in the district of Ocean Hill-Brownsville, a name that became synonymous with the struggle over who controlled the local schools: the communities or the mainly white city officials.

A CTVC production.

(Photo: The Ocean Hill-Brownsville Governing Board and supporters march over the Brooklyn Bridge in March 1969. Credit: David Fenton)

In 1968, more than 50,000 teachers went on strike in New York City, in the USA

The 1968 conflict that erupted over the demand by mainly black or Latino parents for a say in how their children's schools were run.

[LISTEN NOW]

'1984': The Commercial That Changed Advertising

20240531

20240601 (WS)

Forty years ago, a Hollywood director, some tech revolutionaries and a group of London skinheads created a commercial that would rock the advertising world.

Based on George Orwell's dystopic novel ‘1984', and launched in the same year, the ad was like nothing that had been seen before.

But its road to being shown was rocky, and the beleaguered advert almost never made it air.

Mike Murray was Apple marketing manager at the time, he speaks to Molly Pipe.

(Photo: Steve Jobs in a room of computers in 1984. Credit: Michael L Abramson/Getty Images)

Forty years ago, a revolutionary advert played at America's Super Bowl

50 Years Of Abba

20240401

It's 50 years since Swedish pop group ABBA won the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest.

The victory provided a platform for the band to become one of the most popular and successful musical groups of all time.

ABBA's current manager, Görel Hanser, has been with them every step of the way.

In a rare interview, she speaks to Matt Pintus about the band's meteoric rise to stardom.

She also talks about ABBA's break-up, the rumour that they were offered $1 billion to get back together and whether ABBA Voyage will move to a new country.

9-11: The Generosity Of Gander

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20250912 (WS)

On 11 September, 2001, a small Canadian town called Gander became a haven for thousands of airline passengers and crew stranded after the 9/11 terror attacks.

The attacks on the World Trade Center had forced the closure of US airspace leaving many flights unable to land. Within hours, 38 planes with 7,000 passengers, had been diverted to Gander, effectively doubling the town's population. But what happened next showcased the extraordinary kindness and generosity of the Newfoundlanders.

For five days, local residents provided beds, food, medicine and clothing for those stranded during the crisis, and didn't ask for a cent. They even put on music evenings, barbecues and canoe trips to keep their visitors entertained.

Beverley Bass, one of the plane captains, tells Jane Wilkinson about Gander's extraordinary hospitality during one of the most traumatic events in modern history.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Passengers and crew at Gander airfield, 2001. Credit: Town of Gander)

The small Canadian town that helped diverted passengers after the 9/11 terror attacks.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On September 11, 2001, a small Canadian town called Gander became a haven for thousands of airline passengers and crew stranded after the 9/11 terror attacks

On 11 September, 2001, a small Canadian town called Gander became a haven for thousands of airline passengers and crew stranded after the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

For five days, local residents provided beds, food, medicine and clothing for those stranded during the crisis, and didn't ask for a penny. They even put on music evenings, barbecues and canoe trips to keep their visitors entertained.

A Canadian town hosted 7000 airline passengers stranded after the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

On September 11, 2001, a small Canadian town called Gander became a haven for thousands of airline passengers and crew stranded after the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

A Canadian town hosted 7000 airline passengers stranded after the 9/11 terror attacks.

[LISTEN NOW]

A Chorus Line

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It's 50 years since theatre history was made - the premiere of A Chorus Line. It was seen as a seminal moment, turning the spotlight on the people who make the show for the first time.

Baayork Lee tells Josephine McDermott how she played Connie Wong in the original production. Like many of the first cast, her true life experiences made it into the show which was developed in workshops by director and choreographer Michael Bennett.

Baayork Lee describes “the buzz ? the musical generated soon after opening in a small venue off Broadway on 21 May, 1975, with everyone from singer Diana Ross and former first lady Jackie Kennedy Onassis to comedian Groucho Marx vying for seats. Two months later, on 27 July, the show transferred to Broadway. It won nine Tony Awards and became one of the longest-running shows on Broadway.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: A Chorus Line at the Shubert Theatre. Credit: Richard Corkery/NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images)

Broadway hit A Chorus Line premieres in 1975

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

A Chorus Line was the first Broadway hit to turn the spotlight on the supporting dancers to tell their stories about trying to make it in show business.

[LISTEN NOW]

A Greek Coup: The Day The Colonels Took Power

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20231207 (WS)

On 21 April 1967, a group of right-wing army officers seized power in Greece to prevent the election of a social democratic government led by veteran politician George Papandreou.

The dictatorship, backed by the United States, lasted for seven years. Thousands of people were imprisoned, exiled and tortured.

The grandson of that politician, also called George, was 14 at the time. He went on to be elected as Greece's prime minister in 2009.

In February 2012, George Papandreou Junior spoke to Maria Margaronis about the night when tanks rolled through Athens and soldiers came to arrest his father. Archive audio is used by permission of ERT, the Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation.

Archival audio used by permission of ERT, the Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation.

(Photo: George Papandreou Sr. Credit: AP)

In 1967, army officers seized power in Greece in a US-backed coup

In 1967, a group of right-wing army officers seized control in Greece to prevent the election of a socialist prime minister, George Papandreou.

(Photo: The younger George Papandreou in 2011. Credit: Simon Dawson/Bloomberg/Getty Images)

Abebech Gobena: Africa's 'mother Teresa'

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20240913 (WS)

In 1980, Abebech Gobena was on a pilgrimage to Wollo in Ethiopia, when she witnessed the devastating effects of a severe famine and drought, one of the worst in the country's history. Within a year she had rescued 21 orphans and brought them to live with her in Addis Ababa. The organisation she founded, AGOHELD, has since raised thousands of Ethiopian orphans.

Dan Hardoon speaks to Hannah Merkana, one of the children raised in the orphanage, who considers herself one of Abebech's daughters.

(Photo: Abebech Gobena in 2013 at AGOHELD orphanage. Credit: Sean Gallup/Getty Images)

In 1980, Abebech Gobena founded an orphanage in Ethiopia to save children from starvation

Abebech Gobena saved thousands of Ethiopian children from starvation by founding an orphanage, which became one of the country's largest.

[LISTEN NOW]

Adi Dassler's Sports Shoe Obsession

20240522

20240523 (WS)

How the Dassler brothers created two global sportswear firms.

In 1948, Adi and Rudi Dassler who lived in a small German town fell out. They went on to set up Adidas and Puma.

Adi Dassler played a crucial role in West Germany's victory in the 1954 World Cup with his game-changing footwear.

In 2022, Reena Stanton-Sharma spoke to Adi's daughter Sigi Dassler, who remembers her dad's obsession with sports shoes and talks about her fondness for rappers Run-DMC, who paid tribute to her dad's shoes in their 1986 song My Adidas.

How an argument between the Dassler brothers led to the creation of Adidas and Puma

A family feud in 1948 between Adi and Rudi Dassler led to sportswear firms Adidas and Puma being created. Adi's daughter, Sigi Dassler, remembers his obsession with sports shoes.

Afghan Star

20260116

20260117 (WS)

In 2005, a new show was launched on television in Afghanistan to find new musical talent – it was called Afghan Star and was inspired by formats like American Idol and the X-Factor.

The programme came after the music industry in Afghanistan had been decimated under the Taliban between 1996 and 2001.

Music has been culturally important in Afghan history, however, playing music and musical instruments had been banned whilst the Taliban were in power.

Jahid Mohseni was the development producer for Afghan Star, he has been speaking to Tim O'Callaghan.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The first season of Afghan Star. Credit: MOBY Media Group)

In 2005, a TV show to find new musical talent was launched in Afghanistan

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2005, a TV show to find new musical talent was launched in Afghanistan, inspired by formats like American Idol and the X-Factor.

[LISTEN NOW]

Africa's Stolen Metis Children

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20250301 (WS)

In 1953, in what was then the Belgian Congo, four-year-old Marie-José Loshi was forcibly removed from her family's village and taken more than 600km away to live in a Catholic institute.

The cause of her kidnapping was the colour of her skin. Under Belgium's colonial rule, thousands of mixed-race children were taken from their homes and separated from their families. The state hoped the actions would quash any sense of revolt against the colony.

More than 70 years later, Marie-José and four other women took on the former colonial power, seeking justice for themselves and the many other mixed-race children that suffered the same fate. She speaks to Kaine Pieri.

(Photo: Marie-José Loshi. Credit: Marie-José Loshi)

In 1953, Marie-Jose Loshi was forcibly taken from her family because of her skin colour

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Under Belgium's colonial rule, thousands of children were forcibly removed from their families because of the colour of their skin.

[LISTEN NOW]

Africa's Worst Stadium Disaster

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20260508 (WS)

On 9th May 2001, 127 people died and dozens more were injured at the Accra Stadium in Ghana.

It is Africa's worst football stadium tragedy.

The disaster happened at the end of a match between Asante Kotoko and Hearts of Oak. Police fired tear gas after angry fans threw chairs onto the pitch. It caused a stampede.

Herbert Mensah was the Asante Kotoko chairman at the time and speaks to Jen Dale about his recollections of that day.

This programme contains distressing details.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Residents look at the empty Accra stadium after the stampede. Credit: Photo by Issouf Sanogo/AFP via Getty Images)

In May 2001, 127 people died after a stampede at a football match in the Ghanaian capital

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In May 2001, 127 people died after a stampede when police shot tear gas at football fans at the Accra Stadium in Ghana.

[LISTEN NOW]

Agatha Christie: Best-selling Novelist Of All Time

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20260124 (WS)

On 12 January 1976, author Agatha Christie died peacefully, aged 85.

She created the detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple.

By the time of her death, Christie had written more than 80 books. Most of her works were detective novels but she also wrote romances, short stories, poetry and plays.

In 2015, Louise Hidalgo spoke to her grandson, Mathew Prichard.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: English detective novelist, Agatha Christie. Credit: Bettman/Getty Images)

In January 1976, author Agatha Christie died aged 85

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In January 1976, author Agatha Christie died peacefully, aged 85.

[LISTEN NOW]

Ai Weiwei: Imprisoned For Art

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20250701 (WS)

In 2008, an earthquake in China's Sichuan province killed almost 90,000 people. Many were crushed when school buildings collapsed, exposing their poor construction quality.

To counter perceived government suppression of information, the artist Ai Weiwei made an artwork from 90 tonnes of steel bars salvaged from the schools' wreckage.

In 2011, Ai Weiwei was detained in harsh conditions for 81 days and banned from leaving China. While his official charge was tax evasion, his detention was widely viewed as a response to his activism. But the artwork, Straight, became a global sensation. Ai Weiwei tells the story to Ben Henderson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Ai Weiwei in front of his artwork, Straight. Credit: Leon Neal/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2011, the Chinese artist was detained for 81 days

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2008, an earthquake in China's Sichuan province killed almost 90,000 people. In response, Ai Weiwei made an artwork, Straight, but he was detained for 81 days.

In 2008, an earthquake in China's Sichuan province killed tens of thousands of people, including more than 5,000 children.

Many were crushed when school buildings collapsed, exposing their poor construction quality. To counter perceived government suppression of information, the artist Ai Weiwei salvaged around 200 tonnes of steel bars from the wreckage of the schools and created a memorial artwork to the victims.

In 2011, Ai Weiwei was imprisoned in harsh conditions for 81 days and banned from leaving China. While his official charge was tax evasion, his detention was widely viewed as a response to his activism. But the artwork, Straight, became a global sensation. Ai Weiwei tells the story to Ben Henderson.

[LISTEN NOW]

Al Jazeera Three: Imprisoned In Egypt

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20231222 (WS)

In 2014 three journalists were sentenced to seven years in jail in Egypt.

Peter Greste, Mohammed Fahmy and Baher Mohamed became known as the Al Jazeera Three.

The jail terms handed out to them led to an international outcry as protesters called for press freedom.

Peter Greste tells his compelling story to Gill Kearsley.

(Photo: Peter Greste inside the defendants' cage. Credit: Khaled Desouki/AFP via Getty Images)

There was an international outcry in 2014 when three journalists were imprisoned in Egypt

There was outrage across the world in 2014 as three Al Jazeera journalists were sentenced to seven years in jail in Egypt. Protesters called for press freedom.

Angela Merkel Suspends Eu Asylum Rules In 2015

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20251119 (WS)

In the summer of 2015, there was a surge in the number of people from Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq, seeking asylum in Europe.

Social Democrat politician Aydan Özoğuz was Angela Merkel's minister of state concerned with immigration, refugees and integration from 2013 to 2018. She describes to Josephine McDermott visiting her father's home city of Kilis in Turkey, near the Syrian border in 2015, where refugees were being sheltered.

And she recalls the motivation for Mrs Merkel's decision to suspend the EU's Dublin Regulation, which temporarily allowed free passage for Syrian asylum seekers, but drew opposition from critics.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: A migrant from Syria holds a picture of Angela Merkel as he arrives at a railway station in Munich. Credit: Sean Gallup/Getty Images)

In August 2015, Germany suspended asylum rules amid a steep rise in migration to Europe

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

German chancellor Angela Merkel's minister of state for immigration describes the moment in 2015 when Germany temporarily suspended asylum rules for Syrians fleeing war.

[LISTEN NOW]

Anna Akhmatova: The Poet Who Defied A Regime

20231213

The great Russian poet Anna Akhmatova lived through some of the darkest chapters of Soviet history, but never stopped writing even though the communist regime repeatedly tried to silence her.

One of Anna's most famous poems, Requiem, is about her son's arrest and the Stalinist terror.

In 2022, art historian Era Korobova told Tatyana Movshevich about the poet's tumultuous relationship with her son.

(Photo: Anna Akhmatova, centre right, at a Soviet writers' conference in 1965. Credit: Getty Images)

How the great poet kept writing even through the darkest days of Soviet history

Anna Akhmatova fought to keep writing despite repeated attempts from the Soviet regime to silence her.

The great Russian poet Anna Akhmatova lived through some of the darkest chapters of Soviet history, but never stopped writing even though the communist regime repeatedly tried to silence her. One of Anna's most famous poems, Requiem, is about her son's arrest and the Stalinist terror.

Anthony Bourdain's Don't Eat Before Reading This

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20260328 (WS)

In April 1999, Anthony Bourdain's essay Don't Eat Before Reading This was published.

It was an unfiltered look into restaurant kitchen culture. It launched his career as a celebrity chef.

He changed the way television told stories about food. Surya Elango speaks to Philip Lajaunie, his friend and former boss at Les Halles restaurant, in New York.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Chef Anthony Bourdain. Credit: Fairfax Media via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Anthony Bourdain's essay Don't Eat Before Reading This was published in April 1999. It launched his career as a celebrity chef.

[LISTEN NOW]

Anthony Bourdain's 'don't Eat Before Reading This'

20260327

In April 1999, Anthony Bourdain's essay 'Don't Eat Before Reading This' was published.

It was an unfiltered look into restaurant kitchen culture. It launched his career as a celebrity chef.

He changed the way television told stories about food. Surya Elango speaks to Philip Lajaunie, his friend and former boss at Les Halles.

(Photo: Chef Anthony Bourdain. Credit: Fairfax Media via Getty Images)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Anthony Bourdain's essay 'Don't Eat Before Reading This' was published in April 1999. It launched his career as a celebrity chef.

[LISTEN NOW]

Apollo 13

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20240906 (WS)

On 13 April 1970, a Moon mission almost ended in tragedy, after an explosion on board the spaceship.

Fred Haise was one of the Apollo 13 astronauts.

In 2010, he spoke to Richard Howells about how they managed to get back to Earth against the odds.

(Photo: Three of the crew members of Apollo 13, from left: Fred Haise, Jim Lovell and Ken Mattingly. Credit: Bettmann via Getty Images)

In 1970, a Moon mission almost ended in tragedy after an explosion on board the spaceship

Ardi: The Oldest Skeleton Of A Human Ancestor

20240911

20240912 (WS)

In 1994, a college student called Yohannes Haile Selassie unearthed a 4.4 million-year-old skeleton in Ethiopia.

She was the first near-complete skeleton of a species of human ancestor called Ardipithecus ramidus. The paleoanthropologists who discovered her called her Ardi. The discovery upended how scientists view human evolution.

Yohannes Haile Selassie speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Yohannes Haile Selassie in the Afar desert, Ethiopia. Credit: CMNH/Woranso-Mille Project)

In 1994, a college student discovered a 4.4 million-year-old skeleton in Ethiopia

In 1994, a college student called Yohannes Haile Selassie unearthed a 4.4 million-year-old skeleton in Ethiopia. The discovery upended how scientists view human evolution.

(Photo: Yohannes Haile Selassie in the Afar desert, Ethiopia. Credit: Woranso-Mille project)

[LISTEN NOW]

Argentina's Five Presidents In Two Weeks

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In 2001, Argentina suffered an economic catastrophe so severe the country went through five leaders in two weeks. On the streets police engaged in battles with protestors. Eduardo Duhalde was the fifth President tasked with pulling his country back from the brink. He speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Eduardo Duhalde. Credit: Rafael Wollmann/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

In 2001, Argentina went through a remarkable political crisis

In 2001, Argentina suffered an economic catastrophe so severe the country went through five leaders in two weeks. Eduardo Duhalde was the fifth President.

Argentina's National Genetics Bank Created To Identify Stolen Babies

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In 1982, Argentine geneticist Victor Penchaszadeh was living in exile in New York when he received a call that would change the course of his career.

Two founding members of the campaign group, the Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo, were asking for his help to find their kidnapped grandchildren.

Between 1976 and 1983, Argentina was under military rule. During this period, thousands of mainly young, left-wing people were forcibly disappeared - taken to clandestine detention centres, where many were tortured and killed. Hundreds of babies were born in captivity. Their mothers were later murdered, and the children were often given to families with ties to the regime - and never told their true identities.

The Grandmothers travelled the world, desperately asking scientists one question: Without the presence of the parents, could their blood be used to identify their lost grandchildren?

Dr Penchaszadeh was the first to say yes.

He tells Vicky Farncombe how that answer led to the creation of the world's first national genetic data bank—and the eventual reunion of 139 grandchildren with their real families.

(Photo: Estela de Carlotto is reunited with her lost grandchild Ignacio Hurban. Credit: Reuters)

In 1984, Argentine grandmothers started using genetics to find their lost grandchildren

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In the 1980s, grandmothers in Argentina championed the study of genetics in their quest to identify their kidnapped grandchildren.

[LISTEN NOW]

Argentina's Trial Of The Juntas

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In 1985, Argentina's former military leaders were put on trial accused of kidnapping, torturing and murdering thousands of their own people.

The ‘trial of the juntas' was the first major prosecution of war crimes since the Nuremberg trials following World War Two. Between 1976 and 1983, around 30 thousand people disappeared or were murdered in Argentina during the so-called Dirty War.

Military leaders claimed the victims were left wing guerrillas plotting terrorist attacks against their dictatorships, but most weren't terrorists. They were trade unionists or protesters opposing the regime.

Luis Moreno Ocampo was an assistant prosecutor during the trial and spoke to Jane Wilkinson about the case.

(Photo: Prosecutor Luis Moreno Ocampo speaking at the trial, 1985 Credit: AFP/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1985 Argentina's ex-leaders were accused of torturing and murdering their own people

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1985 Argentina's ex-leaders were accused of torturing and murdering thousands of their own people. It was the first major prosecution of war crimes since the Nuremberg trials.

[LISTEN NOW]

Arrested For ''immorality'' In South Africa

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In 1969, a white man and an Indian woman were put on trial in South Africa for conspiring to have sex.

Dr Zureena Desai and Professor John Blacking were the most high profile couple to be arrested under the Immorality Act.

Their case made headlines all over the world and made a laughing stock of South Africa's ruling National Party and its racist regime.

Dr Desai tells Vicky Farncombe about the ridiculous lengths police officers went to in order to gather evidence against the couple, including climbing trees and listening at ventilation shafts.

“Young people born after 1994 don't remember what South Africa was like, ? she says. “People died. And people were arrested for fatuous reasons. ?

(Photo: Dr Zureena Desai. Credit: Abrie Jantjies)

Dr Zureena Desai was arrested in South Africa for breaking the Immorality Act

Dr Zureena Desai and Professor John Blacking were arrested under South Africa's Immorality Act, which banned sexual relationships between white people and non-white people.

[LISTEN NOW]

Arrested For Playing Football In Brazil

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Like many young children growing up in Brazil in the 1960s and 1970s, Dilma Mendes had one dream: to play football for her country.

There was just one problem. It was illegal for women in Brazil to play football at that time, a law that came into force in 1941 - and lasted nearly 40 years.

Dilma lost count of the amount of times she was arrested and taken to the police station for playing football.

She tells Vicky Farncombe the confusion and fear she felt as a child. 'I did not understand why people didn't allow me to do something which I loved so much.

She also describes the ingenious ways she hid from the police officers.

Assassination Of Malcolm X

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Sixty years ago, on 21st February 1965, the controversial black leader, Malcolm X, was assassinated in Harlem, New York as he was preparing to speak there.

In 2011, Simon Watts spoke to Herman Ferguson who was one of the people who was in the audience that day.

This programme contains outdated racial language that may offend.

(Photo: Malcolm X speaks in Harlem six days before he was shot to death. Credit: Bill Quinn/NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images)

In 1965, the controversial black leader, Malcolm X, was assassinated in New York

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Please note, this programme contains some outdated racial language that may offend.

[LISTEN NOW]

Australian Republic Referendum

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On 6 November 1999, voters in Australia were asked if they wanted to break ties with the British monarchy and become a republic.

The No campaign won with 55% of the vote.

Rachel Naylor speaks to former Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, who was chair of the Australian Republican Movement and leader of the Yes campaign, and Prof David Flint, the national convenor of Australians for a Constitutional Monarchy.

(Photo: Monarchists celebrate the referendum result in Sydney. Credit: Torsten Blackwood/AFP via Getty Images)

On 6 November 1999, voters in Australia were asked if they wanted to become a republic

[LISTEN NOW]

Austria's Wine Scandal

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In 1985, government scientists discovered anti-freeze in bottles of fine Austrian wine.

No one died or fell ill from drinking the poisoned wine, but the scandal nearly destroyed the country's wine-making industry.

In 2015, Susan Hulme spoke to Heidi Schroek, a young Austrian wine-maker at the time.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Vineyards in Sulztal, Austria. Credit: Franz Marc Frei/Getty)

In 1985, scientists discovered poisonous anti-freeze in bottles of fine Austrian wine

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1985, Austria's wine-making industry was nearly destroyed after scientists discovered some bottles contained poisonous anti-freeze.

[LISTEN NOW]

Axis Sally: World War Ii Traitor Who Broadcast For The Nazis

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In 1949, Mildred Gillars – otherwise known as Axis Sally – became the first woman in American history to be convicted of treason.

The former Broadway showgirl broadcast antisemitic Nazi propaganda on German State Radio during World War Two.

Her weekly shows were heard by thousands of American servicemen who gave her the nickname Axis Sally.

After her capture, she denied being a traitor, but a jury in Washington convicted her of treason, and she served 12 years in prison. Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the BBC archives to uncover her story.

(Photo: Mildred Gillars. Credit: Bettmann, Getty Images)

Mildred Gillars became the first woman in American history to be convicted of treason

In 1949, Mildred Gillars became the first woman in American history to be convicted of treason. She broadcast anti-semitic Nazi propaganda on German radio during World War Two.

Back To The Future

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On 3 July 1985 Back to the Future was released.

The film tells the story of Marty McFly, a 17-year-old high school student, played by Michael J Fox, who is accidentally sent 30 years into the past in a time-travelling DeLorean car invented by his friend, Doc Brown.

The screenplay for the genre-bending story was rejected 40 times, but it became a Hollywood blockbuster, dominating contemporary culture and bringing its leading actor worldwide fame.

The film's co-writer and producer, Bob Gale takes Josephine McDermott back to 1985.

On 3 July 1985, the hit film Back to the Future was released

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 3 July 1985, the time-travel comedy adventure movie starring Michael J Fox as Marty McFly hit the big screen.

[LISTEN NOW]

Baghdad Heavy Metal

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In the late 1990s, a heavy metal band called Acrassicauda formed in Iraq, when the country was under the dictatorship of Saddam Hussein.

Over the next decade, the pioneering band found themselves on a collision course with the dictatorship militants and the west.

The band was able to get inspiration from various bootleg tapes of heavy metal's greatest acts.

Acrassicauda performed under Saddam's regime, but because of censorship restrictions, they had to write a song that praised the dictator.

Johnny I'Anson speaks to bass player, Firas Al-Lateef.

Bardo Museum Attack In Tunisia

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On 18 March 2015, 22 people, mostly foreign tourists, were killed at the Bardo National Museum in Tunis, the capital of Tunisia.

Hamadi Ben Abdesslem, a tour guide who led tourists to safety, tells Anouk Millet what it was like that day.

A Whistledown production.

(Photo: Bardo Museum after attack. Credit: Amine Landoulsi/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images).

In March 2015, 22 people were killed when two gunmen stormed the building

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In March 2015, 22 people, mostly foreign tourists, were killed at the museum in Tunis, in an attack by two gunmen.

[LISTEN NOW]

Bardo National Museum Attack

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On 18 March 2015, 22 people, mostly foreign tourists, were killed at the Bardo National Museum in Tunis, the capital of Tunisia.

Hamadi Ben Abdesslem, a tour guide who led tourists to safety, tells Anouk Millet what it was like that day.

A Whistledown production.

(Photo: Bardo Museum after attack. Credit: Amine Landoulsi/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images).

In March 2015, 22 people, mostly foreign tourists, were killed at the museum in Tunis, in an attack by two gunmen.

It was the worst terror attack in the country in over a decade.

Anouk Millet speaks to Hamadi Ben Abdesslem, a tour guide who led tourists to safety that day. A Whistledown production.

[LISTEN NOW]

Bata: Pioneering Shoemakers

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Bata was a Czech company which pioneered assembly line shoemaking and sold affordable footwear around the world.

The factory near London became key to its expansion.

In 2018, Dina Newman spoke to one of its senior engineers, Mick Pinion, about the company's remarkable history, including how it sold millions of shoes in Africa and Asia.

(Photo: mobile shoe shop selling Bata shoes. Credit: Getty Images)

A Czech company called Bata pioneered assembly line shoemaking

How a Czech company called Bata pioneered assembly line shoemaking and sold affordable footwear around the world.

Bataclan Attack In Paris

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On 13 November 2015, 90 people were shot dead by gunmen at the Bataclan theatre in France during an Eagles of Death Metal concert.

A further 40 people were killed in co-ordinated terror attacks by jihadists across the city on the same night.

Rachel Naylor speaks to British couple Justine Merton-Scott and Tony Scott, who managed to escape the venue by climbing out of a skylight.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: A Parisian holds a flower towards the Bataclan on the anniversary of the attack in 2021. Credit: Kiran Ridley / Getty Images)

On 13 November 2015, 90 people were shot dead at the Bataclan theatre in France

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 13 November 2015, 90 people were shot dead at the Bataclan theatre in France during an Eagles of Death Metal concert.

[LISTEN NOW]

Battle Of Gallipoli

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The Battle of Gallipoli was one of the deadliest in World War One. Among the 40,000 dead was a large contingent of Australian and New Zealand troops who became known as the Anzacs. Soldier Rupert Westmacott was injured and shared his memories with the BBC. Professor of Australian history, Carl Bridge, spoke to Simon Watts in 2012.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Soldiers landing at Gallipoli. Credit: Sepia Times/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

A New Zealand soldier's account of surviving one of the worst battles of World War One

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

More than 40,000 men were killed during the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915. New Zealand soldier Rupert Westmacott was injured and recalled one of the worst battles of World War One.

[LISTEN NOW]

Birth Of The G7

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In November 1975, a summit took place at Rambouillet, France, where the heads of six of the world's most industrialised nations and their finance ministers came together.

The leaders of the US, France, Germany, Britain, Japan and Italy hoped to solve the ongoing economic crisis. The summit marked the birth of an institution now known as the G7. France's former Finance Minister, Jean-Pierre Fourcade, was at the conference. He speaks to Ben Henderson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The closing session of the summit at Rambouillet Castle. Credit: AFP via Getty images)

In November 1975, leaders of six nations met in France to solve an economic crisis

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In November 1975, the leaders of six industrialised nations met for a summit to solve an economic crisis. It marked the birth of the G7 forum.

[LISTEN NOW]

Bo: The Death Of A 65,000-year-old Language

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In 2010, one of the oldest languages in the world died after the death of its last remaining speaker.

For 40 years, Boa Senior from the Indian Andaman Islands was the only person who spoke the Bo language. She died, aged 85.

Leading up to her death, linguist Professor Anvita Abbi spent years attempting to learn the dying language.

Without family or friends who understood her, Boa took to speaking to birds – she said they were her ancestors. Eventually she opened up to Anvita, singing songs and sharing ancient tales.

Anvita was the first and last person to record Boa's voice.

She talks to Natasha Fernandes about her death and how it changed a whole way of life.

(Photo: Boa Senior in a tsunami relief camp in 2005. Credit: Anvita Abbi)

In 2010, one of the oldest languages died after the death of its last remaining speaker.

In 2010, one of the oldest languages died after the death of its last remaining speaker. Leading up to her death, Professor Anvita Abbi spent years trying to learn the language.

[LISTEN NOW]

Bo: The Death Of A Language

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In 2010, one of the oldest languages in the world died after the death of its last remaining speaker.

For 40 years, Boa Senior from the Indian Andaman Islands was the only person who spoke the Bo language. She died, aged 85.

Leading up to her death, linguist Professor Anvita Abbi spent years attempting to learn the dying language.

Without family or friends who understood her, Boa took to speaking to birds – she said they were her ancestors. Eventually she opened up to Anvita, singing songs and sharing ancient tales.

Anvita was the first and last person to record Boa's voice.

She talks to Natasha Fernandes about her death and how it changed a whole way of life.

(Photo: Boa Senior in a tsunami relief camp in 2005. Credit: Anvita Abbi)

In 2010, one of the oldest languages died after the death of its last remaining speaker.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2010, one of the oldest languages died after the death of its last remaining speaker. Leading up to her death, Professor Anvita Abbi spent years trying to learn the language.

[LISTEN NOW]

Boko Haram Massacre In Gwoza

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In 2014, Boko Haram militants drove into Gwoza in north-east Nigeria and began an assault that would leave hundreds of people dead.

Ruoyah, who was just 14, hid in her house for eight hours under continuous fire.

She says when she finally opened the door to leave her house she says: 'There were corpses everywhere, we even saw the corpse of our neighbour in our front door.

Ruoyah managed to escape to Cameroon, but her sister was kidnapped by Boko Haram militants.

She was taken into the Sambisa forest where she was forced to marry a militant and starved.

A few months later, Boko Haram's leader unilaterally declared that Gwoza was a caliphate.

Ruoyah now lives in an internally displaced persons camp, she speaks to Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty.

Archive credit: Channels Television.

(Photo: Credit: )

In 2014, Boko Haram drove into Gwoza in Nigeria and began an assault that killed hundreds

Bolivia's First Indigenous President

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In December 2005, Evo Morales made history in Bolivia when he became the country's first indigenous president.

The country is one of the poorest in South America and has the highest proportion of indigenous people on the continent – they had been marginalised for centuries.

His election came after years of protests over the destruction of coca leaf crops and the privatisation of the country's oil and gas reserves.

Tim O'Callaghan speaks to Bolivia's former Vice President À?lvaro García Linera.

(Photo: Evo Morales. Credit: Reuters)

The election of Evo Morales in 2005 was a historic first for the South American country.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The election of Evo Morales in 2005 as Bolivia's first indigenous president was a historic moment for the South American country.

[LISTEN NOW]

Bonga Kwenda: Music Banned In Angola And Portugal

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Star athlete, Jose Adelino Barceló de Carvalho, abandoned his career in 1972 to follow his one true passion, music.

After growing up under Portuguese colonial rule, he became an outspoken supporter of Angolan independence, and used the pseudonym, Bonga Kwenda.

He was later forced into exile in Rotterdam, in the Netherlands, where he recorded his first album.

He went on to become a famous Angolan musician.

He speaks with Marcia Veiga.

(Photo: Bonga Kwenda. Credit: Judith Burrows/Getty Images)

Outspoken supporter of Angolan independence, Bonga Kwenda was forced into exile in 1972

In 1972, Angolan singer and former athlete Jose Adelino Barceló de Carvalho, known as Bonga Kwenda, was forced into exile, where he recorded his first record.

[LISTEN NOW]

Borobudur Temple

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In 1983, Borobudur Temple in Indonesia reopened.

The worlds' largest Buddhist monument is in the shadows of an active volcano and was once lost to the jungle.

In 1973, major restoration work started on the temple. One of the workers on the project, Werdi, explains his role in the restoration and describes why the temple has left a deep impression on him.

Presented by Gill Kearsley and produced by Daniel Raza.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Borobudur. Credit: David Cumming/Eye Ubiquitous/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

Borobudur Temple in Indonesia reopened in 1983, following a restoration project

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1983, Borobudur Temple the worlds' largest Buddhist monument reopened after undergoing major restoration work.

[LISTEN NOW]

Boxing Day's Deadly Tsunami- Indonesia

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An earthquake off the coast of Indonesia on Boxing day 2004, triggered a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean.

The tragedy cost the lives of an estimated 230,000 people across 13 countries and islands and was one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded.

Dendy Montgomery was living in the city of Banda Aceh in Indonesia which was laid waste by the disaster. He spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2013.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.

(Photo: A man walks amongst through rubble in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Credit: BAY ISMOYO/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2004, a deadly tsunami swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean

On Boxing day 2004, an earthquake struck off the coast of Indonesia, triggering a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean.

[LISTEN NOW]

Brain: Pc Virus

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In 1986, 'Welcome to the dungeon' was the message that flashed up on computer screens.

Brain is thought to be the first virus for personal computers.

It spread around the world and became infamous when it was featured in newspapers and magazines.

Amjad Farooq Alvi told Gill Kearsley in 2023 how he and his brother, Basit, came to develop this virus from their shop in Lahore, Pakistan.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: IBM PC Credit: Bettman/Getty)

In 1986, what's thought to be the first computer virus spreads around the world

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1986, ‘Brain', thought to be the first virus for personal computers, spreads globally. It was developed accidentally by two brothers in Pakistan.

[LISTEN NOW]

Brazil's Biggest Bank Heist

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In August, 2005, a gang of robbers tunnelled their way into a Brazilian bank vault in a heist straight out of the movies.

Three months before, the thieves had set up a landscaping business, Grama Sintetica - or Synthetic Grass, from a house close to the Banco Central in Fortaleza. But it was a plot to disguise their real activity.

Working in shifts, they dug an 80 metre tunnel from the house, under a neighbouring street and into the vault before escaping with more than 160million reais, then the equivalent of $70million.

Antonio Celso Dos Santos, then a federal police chief, was one of the detectives who tracked down the gang. He spoke to Jane Wilkinson about the investigation.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Police and journalists examine the Banco Central tunnel, 2005. Credit: Tuno Viera/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2005, robbers tunnelled into a Brazilian bank in a heist straight out of the movies

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2005, robbers tunnelled into a Brazilian bank in a heist straight out of the movies. Working in shifts, they dug an 80m tunnel and escaped with the equivalent of $70million.

[LISTEN NOW]

Brazil's Electronic Voting

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In 1996, Brazil introduced a pioneering electronic voting system, revolutionising its election process. Carlos Velozo, an electoral lawyer and judge, played a pivotal role in implementing this system, which aimed to enhance security, integrity and accessibility in voting.

The electronic voting machines were developed to make it easier for illiterate and semi-literate voters to participate in elections.

Carlos Velozo speaks to Ashley Byrne, in this Made in Manchester production for BBC World Service.

(Photo: A resident of Sao Paulo carrying her baby learns how to vote on an electronic voting machine in 1998. Credit: Photo by Marie Hippenmeyer/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1996, an electronic voting system in Brazil was used for the first time

Brazil introduced an electronic voting system for the first time in 1996. It aimed to improve the security, integrity and accessibility of elections.

[LISTEN NOW]

Brazil's Landless Workers Movement

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In 1980, poor rural workers set up camp on land owned by the rich at Encruzilhada Natalino in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Brazil's government sent in the army to evict them and violent clashes followed. It was a formative moment in the history of one of Latin America's biggest social movements, Brazil's Landless Workers Movement (MST).

Maria Salete Campigotto was a teacher living in the camp with her husband and young son. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Brazil's Landless Workers Movement meeting. Credit: Patrick Siccoli/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

In 1980, poor rural workers occupied land owned by the rich and violent clashes followed

In 1980, poor rural workers occupied land owned by the rich. Violent clashes followed. It was a formative moment in the history of one of Latin America's biggest social movements.

Breaking The Sound Barrier

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On 14 October 1947, American Chuck Yeager became the first pilot to fly faster than the speed of sound.

Despite having two broken ribs, Chuck reached Mach 1.06 – a speed of more than 1,100km per hour.

He flew an orange, single-seated, rocket-powered Bell X-1, 13,000m above the Mojave Desert in California.

This programme was produced and presented by Rachel Naylor, in collaboration with BBC Archives.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Captain Chuck Yeager standing next to the Bell X-1 at Muroc Army Air Force Base, California, in 1947. Credit: Underwood Archives / Getty Images)

In 1947, Chuck Yeager became the first pilot to fly faster than the speed of sound

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Brenda Fassie: Madonna Of The Townships

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Brenda Fassie was one of South Africa's biggest pop stars in the late 1980s. The singer's career nosedived in 1990, but her comeback saw her dubbed the 'Madonna of the townships' by Time magazine.

Yvonne Chaka Chaka, born a year after Brenda, was perhaps the only South African pop star who could rival her popularity.

Twenty years ago, in 2004, Brenda died

Yvonne celebrates Brenda's life with Ben Henderson.

(Photo Brenda Fassie, a South African pop star, performing on stage. Credit :ALEXANDER JOE/AFP via Getty Images.)

Brenda Fassie was a popular South African pop star, dubbed the 'Madonna of the townships

In the late 1980s, Brenda Fassie was one of South Africa's biggest pop stars. The singer's career nosedived in 1990, but a comeback saw her dubbed the 'Madonna of the townships'.

Britain's First Beach For Nudists

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In 1980, the seaside town of Brighton opened a very unusual attraction.

It was the first British beach dedicated to nudists.

The opening followed a passionate battle between two local politicians and caused controversy among some locals.

In 2011, Madeleine Morris spoke to nudist enthusiasts and those who preferred to keep their clothes firmly on.

(Photo: Deckchairs on Brighton beach. Credit: Then and Now Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

In 1980, a seaside town opened a beach where people could strip off as they pleased

In 1980, the seaside town of Brighton opened a beach where people could strip off as they pleased. It was the country's first site dedicated to nudists.

Britain's Mirpuri Migration

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In 1967 a dam was built in Mirpur, Pakistan, that would spur a huge global migration. Water diverted by the dam forced around 100,000 people to leave their homes.

Thousands migrated to the UK and today between 60% and 70% of Britain's Pakistani community descend from Mirpur, approximately one million people.

Riyaz Begum was one of those who left Mirpur for London. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Riyaz Begum at the Mangla Dam. Credit: Sabba Khan)

In 1967, the Mangla Dam was built in Mirpur, Pakistan, spurring a huge global migration

In 1967 a dam was built in Mirpur, Pakistan, that would spur a huge global migration. Riyaz Begum was one of those who left Mirpur for London.

Building The Moscow Metro

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More than 10,000 Russian workers built the first line of the Moscow Metro which opened in 1935 to great fanfare.

The spectacular stations were designed to show the world the power and possibility of Russian strength. Stalin wanted architects to design stations to be 'palaces for the people', with statues and structures built to make people look up and admire the marble walls, high ceilings and grand chandeliers.

Now one of the busiest undergrounds in the world, Uma Doraiswamy goes through the archives and hears from Tatiana Fedorova, one of the workers who sometimes had to use her hands to dig the tunnels.

(Photo: The Sokolniki Metro station in Moscow in 1935. Credit: Getty Images)

How the Moscow Metro was built using more than 10,000 Russian workers.

More than 10,000 Russian workers built the first line of the Moscow Metro, which opened in 1935. Its grand stations were designed to show the world the strength of Stalinism.

Building The New Afrika Shrine In Nigeria

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It's 25 years since the opening of the New Afrika Shrine, an open-air entertainment centre in Nigeria.

A hub for Afrobeat music and culture, it's dedicated to the legacy of Fela Kuti who pioneered the genre.

Omoyeni Anikulapo-Kuti, also known as Yeni Kuti, is Fela's eldest daughter. She speaks to Surya Elango about building the New Afrika Shrine.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Fela Kuti performing. Credit: Frans Schellekens/Redferns)

The opening of the 'spiritual home of Afrobeat' in 2000

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 15 October 2000, Fela Kuti's children opened the New Afrika Shrine to honour his legacy.

[LISTEN NOW]

Bush V Gore: The Election Decided In The Supreme Court

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The US presidential election of 2000 was one of the closest and most contested in history.

It was more than a month before the result was decided after a Supreme Court decision. It all came down to the vote in Florida, where irregularities and technical problems added to the confusion.

In the end it's thought there were just a few hundred votes in it but the result still divides opinion.

Callie Shell was the official photographer for Al Gore's presidential campaign and documented the dramatic events behind closed doors in pictures. She tells Rebecca Kesby what it was like to be there.

This programme was first broadcast in 2020.

(Photo: Al Gore and George Bush. Credit: Getty Images)

The US presidential election of 2000 was one of the most contested in history

The US presidential election of 2000 was one of the closest and most contested in history. It was more than a month before the result was decided after a Supreme Court decision.

Cabbage Patch Kids

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In 1983, all hell broke loose when a new toy hit stores in the United States.

Cabbage Patch Kids were so popular that people were getting injured when they tried to buy them.

But Martha Nelson Thomas, whose original design she said inspired the dolls, received little credit.

She watched on as sales of the toys generated hundreds of millions of dollars.

Martha's close friend, Meredith Ludwig, told Madeleine Drury the story of how the strange-looking dolls became such a sensation.

(Photo: Martha Nelson Thomas with her doll babies. Credit: Guy Mendes)

Christmas 1983 saw frenzied shoppers buy three million Cabbage Patch Kids

In the 1980s, Cabbage Patch Kids became a worldwide sensation. They were also the subject of a legal battle.

Cambodia War Crimes

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In 2009, a UN-backed war crimes tribunal opened in Cambodia to try the senior Khmer Rouge commanders responsible for genocide.

An estimated two million people were killed during Pol Pot's regime in the 1970s.

Aged 26, New Zealander Kerry Hamill was on a sailing trip with friends when he mistakenly found himself in Cambodian waters.

He was taken to Tuol Sleng prison where thousands of people were tortured and murdered.

In 2022 Kerry's brother, Rob Hamill, told Josephine McDermott how he testified against the infamous torturer Comrade Duch.

(Photo: Kerry Hamill aboard his boat. Credit: Rob Hamill)

Kerry Hamill mistakenly sailed into Cambodian waters and was killed by the Khmer Rouge

At a war crimes tribunal in 2009, Rob Hamill came face-to-face with Khmer Rouge commander, Comrade Duch, who was responsible for killing his brother.

[LISTEN NOW]

Cambodian Peace Walk

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In 1992, the first peace walk was held in Cambodia aimed at uniting a country torn apart by years of conflict.

Buddhist monks, Cambodian refugees and aid workers set out on the 415 km journey which became known as the Dhammayietra – or the pilgrimage of truth.

The hope was to reunite Cambodian refugees who had fled into Thailand during Pol Pot's brutal Marxist rule, with those people still living within Cambodia.

Distrust and fear had built up on both sides but that began to melt away during the 30-day trek, as organiser Yeshua Moser-Puangsuwan tells Jane Wilkinson.

(Photo: Dhammayietra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Credit: Romeo Gacad/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1992, Cambodia held its first peace walk aimed at uniting a country torn apart by war

In 1992, Cambodia held its first peace walk aimed at uniting a country torn apart by years of conflict. The 415km Dhammayietra was led by the Buddhist monk, Maha Ghosananda.

Cameroon's Mysterious Lake Deaths

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On 21 August 1986, hundreds of villagers in a remote part of Cameroon mysteriously died overnight, along with 3,500 livestock.

In the weeks-long investigation that followed, scientists tried to work out what had happened. How had hundreds died, but hundreds of others survived?

In 2011, scientists Peter Baxter and George Kling told Tim Mansel how they cracked the case.

(Photo: Dead cattle by the shore of Lake Nyos, Cameroon. Credit: Eric Bouvet/Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images)

In 1986, remote parts of Cameroon were turned into ghost villages overnight

In 1986, villagers in Cameroon awoke to find hundreds of their friends and neighbours had mysteriously died in the night.

Camouflaging Leningrad

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It's 85 years since the start of World War Two.

During the conflict, the Russian city of Leningrad came under siege in 1941.

To camouflage the landmarks from enemy attack, a small group of mountaineers climbed up high with paint and canvas.

Mikhail Bobrov was just 18 years old when he first got sent up the city's spires.

Mikhail was speaking to Monica Whitlock in 2017.

He died in 2018.

(Photo: Leningrad. Credit: ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

In 1941, landmarks were painted and covered in the Russian city during World War Two

A small group of mountaineers risked their lives to camouflage churches and landmarks in the Russian city which was under siege during World War Two.

[LISTEN NOW]

Canada's First Ufo Landing Pad

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In 1967, the small town of St. Paul, Canada declared that they were a place that welcomed everyone, even the aliens.

They did this by building a giant UFO landing pad hoping to attract intergalactic tourists.

The timed it to coincide with Canada's centennial celebrations.

Although most of the town saw it as a light hearted joke the driving force behind the alien parking space Margo Lagassee, was a firm believer in the outer space community.

Paul Boisvert who was the part of the original crew behind the landing pad tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how St. Paul became a destination spot for extraterrestrial visitors.

He also makes clear if aliens do descend on St. Paul he “would be pleased to feed them some Pierogi, Garlic Sausage and Pea Soup. ?

(Photo: Paul on the landing pad. Credit: Melissa Broadbent)

In 1967, the town of St. Paul built Canada's first alien UFO landing pad

They timed it to coincide with Canada's centennial celebrations.

(Photo: Paul Boisvert on the landing pad. Credit: Melissa Broadbent)

Car-free Sundays During The Global Oil Crisis

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In October 1973, the Netherlands was the only western European country to face a full oil embargo from the Organisation of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC.

During the global oil crisis, they became the first country in Europe to introduce car-free Sundays with most private cars banned from public roads on Sundays.

Wim Meijer was the State Secretary for Culture, Recreation and Social Work in the Den Uyl Labour Government.

He speaks to Surya Elango.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Car-free Sundays in the Netherlands. Credit: Anefo Collection, Nationaal Archief)

In October 1973, the Netherlands became the first country to introduce car-free Sundays

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

During the 1973 global oil crisis, the Netherlands started car-free Sundays after becoming the only country in western Europe to face a full oil embargo.

[LISTEN NOW]

Carlos Lamarca: From Army Captain To Brazil's 'most Wanted'

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In 1964, João Goulart, the president of Brazil, was overthrown in a military coup.

In the repression which followed, hundreds of people were disappeared or killed, and many more detained and tortured.

Carlos Lamarca was a captain who deserted the army and joined in the armed struggle against the military regime. He was shot dead in 1971.

His friend and fellow fighter, João Salgado Lopes, tells Vicky Farncombe about their time together hiding in the Caatinga, the Brazilian outback.

(Photo: Wanted poster of Carlos Lamarca. Credit: Memories of the Dictatorship)

Hero or traitor? Carlos Lamarca deserted the Brazilian army to fight the military regime

In 1971, former army captain Carlos Lamarca was shot dead by Brazil's military regime. His friend and fellow freedom fighter, João Salgado Lopes, looks back on his final moments.

Casablanca: Making One Of Hollywood's Greatest Movies

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When Warner Bros assigned twin brothers and screenwriters Julius Epstein and Philip Epstein to adapt a stage play for the big screen in 1942, no one could have predicted the impact it would have.

Casablanca has since become one of the most recognisable and quotable films of all time, firmly embedded in Hollywood history. But what appears effortless on screen was anything but behind the scenes.

The last Leslie Epstein, son and nephew of Julius and Philip respectively, tells Louis Harnett O'Meara about the twins' hijinks and the challenges involved in the making of an all-time classic. An Ember production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman in Casablanca. Credit: United Achieves via Getty Image)

In 1942, one of the most famous movies of all time, Casablanca, was released

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 26 November 1942, Casablanca premiered and went on to become one of the most recognisable and quoted films ever made in Hollywood.

[LISTEN NOW]

Castro's Cuban Revolution Attempt

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In 1953, Fidel Castro attempted to revolutionise Cuba by attacking military barracks. He failed, but it did mark the beginning of his career as a revolutionary.

Michael Voss spoke to one of his comrades Agustin Diaz Cartaya in 2010.

(Photo: Fidel Castro (second from right) with comrades during the preparation of the 1953 attack. Credit: FILES-PRENSA LATINA/AFP via Getty Images)

Fidel Castro attempted to revolutionise Cuba in 1953, by attacking military barracks. Even though he failed, it marked the beginning of his career as a revolutionary.

[LISTEN NOW]

Cecil The Lion

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On 1 July 2015, a much-loved lion was killed in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter.

Black-maned Cecil was one of the star attractions at Hwange National Park. He was baited outside the park and shot with a bow.

American dentist Walter Palmer, who reportedly paid a local guide $50,000 to shoot Cecil, was widely condemned. He said he didn't know Cecil was a known local favourite and had relied on the expertise of a local professional guide to carry out a legal hunt.

He was cleared of any wrongdoing but the killing became international news and sparked a global debate about trophy hunting and its role in conservation.

Prof Andrew Loveridge, who had been tracking Cecil for the Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, tells Vicky Farncombe about the moment he was told the lion had died.

(Photo: Cecil the lion. Credit: Brent Stapelkamp)

On 1 July 2015, Cecil, a popular lion, was shot in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 1 July 2015, Cecil, a much-loved lion, was shot in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter. It sparked a global debate about trophy hunting and its role in conservation.

[LISTEN NOW]

Ceefax: The Start Of Interactive Television

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In 1974, the BBC launched the world's first teletext service.

It provided information, like news and weather, through our TV screens, whenever users wanted, at the push of a button.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Angus McIntyre, son of the late Colin McIntyre, Ceefax's first editor.

(Photo: Colin McIntyre, pictured with a television set showing Ceefax, in 1978. Credit: Evening Standard/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

[LISTEN NOW]

Charles Taylor And The Blood Diamond Trial

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In 2008, the former President of Liberia, Charles Taylor, faced a courtroom in the Hague accused of war crimes.

His trial would last more than three years at the UN-backed Special Court for Sierra Leone, and involve witness appearances by the supermodel Naomi Campbell and the Hollywood actress Mia Farrow.

The 11 charges included rape, murder, violence and the use of child soldiers during the Sierra Leone civil war. It was claimed that Taylor traded in arms and ammunition in return for so-called blood diamonds.

Chief prosecutor Brenda Hollis speaks to Jane Wilkinson about the trial which ended when Taylor was jailed for 50 years for aiding and abetting crimes against humanity. It's a story that includes descriptions of violence and sexual assault.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Charles Taylor in court, 2010. Credit: Vincent Jannink/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2008 the ex-Liberian President Charles Taylor faced a courtroom accused of war crimes

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2008, the former President of Liberia, Charles Taylor, faced a courtroom in the Hague accused of war crimes. Among the witnesses at the trial was the supermodel Naomi Campbell.

[LISTEN NOW]

Charleston Church Shooting

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On 17 June 2015, white supremacist Dylann Roof attended a bible group at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina, in the United States. As it was ending, the 21-year-old started shooting and killed nine people.

Polly Sheppard was one of the survivors. She called 911 whilst hiding from Roof. The shootings at the historic African-American church shocked a nation already too used to gun violence. President Barack Obama delivered the eulogy at one of the victim's funerals and spontaneously started singing Amazing Grace. Ten years on since that day, Polly now 80, tells her harrowing story to Uma Doraiswamy.

(Photo: A memorial outside the Emanuel AME Church. Credit: Brendan Smialowski/AFP via Getty Images)

Polly Sheppard, a survivor of the 2015 Charleston shooting, describes how it unfolded

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Polly Sheppard, a survivor of the Charleston church shooting in 2015, horrifically describes how 21-year-old white supremacist Dylann Roof killed nine people during a bible group.

Polly Sheppard, a survivor of the Charleston church shooting, describes how it unfolded

[LISTEN NOW]

Charlie Hebdo Attack

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On 7 January 2015, 12 people were shot dead at the offices of a satirical magazine in Paris, the capital of France.

The two gunmen had targeted Charlie Hebdo because it had published cartoons of the Prophet Mohammed.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Riss, a cartoonist who was shot in the shoulder.

(Photo: A mural of some of the victims of the attack, near the former office of Charlie Hebdo. Credit: Bertrand GUAY / AFP)

On 7 January 2015, 12 people were shot dead at a satirical magazine in France

On 7 January 2015, 12 people were shot dead by two gunmen at the offices of a satirical magazine in Paris, France.

[LISTEN NOW]

Che Guevara's Daughter: A Cuban Doctor In Angola

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In 1986 Dr Aleida Guevara, the daughter of revolutionary icon Che Guevara, went to Angola to work as a paediatrician.

Dr Aleida was one of a number of medics Fidel Castro's Cuban government sent to their fellow communist country in southern Africa as it emerged from Portuguese colonialism into civil war.

Marcia Veiga hears how Dr Aleida treated children with cholera in a hospital in the Angolan capital Luanda.

Dr Aleida also reveals how, during downtime from working as Cuba's minister of industries, her tired father played with her by carrying her on his back as if he were a horse.

The music for this programme is from Dadifox and Receba.

(Photo: Dr Aleida Guevara with a patient at Luanda's Josina Machel Hospital. Credit: Dr Aleida Guevara)

In 1986 Dr Aleida Guevara travelled from Cuba to treat children in communist Angola

In 1986 Dr Aleida Guevara travelled to communist Angola to treat children suffering from cholera following the civil war.

Chef To Five Presidents

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Cristeta Comerford has cooked for some of the most powerful people in the world. She spent almost three decades as a chef in the White House, serving five presidents from Bill Clinton to Joe Biden.

On 5 August 2005, she made history by becoming the first woman and person of colour to be made executive chef of the White House kitchen.

She speaks to Dan Hardoon about making it to the White House, her most memorable state dinners, and what presidents like to eat.

Chile's 'penguin Revolution'

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In 2006, hundreds of thousands of school children in Chile took over their schools and marched in the streets, in a protest about inequality in education.

It was known as the 'Penguin Revolution' because of their black and white school uniforms.

The students were demanding good quality education for all children, regardless of whether they were rich or poor.

Grace Livingstone speaks to Karina Delfino, who was a 16-year-old school girl and one of the leaders of the movement.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Riot police block an avenue in Santiago during clashes with students, 5 June 2006. Credit: David Lillo/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2006, more than 600,000 school children in Chile began a nationwide protest

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2006, hundreds of thousands of school children in Chile marched in the streets, demanding the end of a law allowing schools to operate as profit-making businesses.

[LISTEN NOW]

Chinua Achebe's Revolutionary Book Things Fall Apart

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In 1958 Nigerian writer, Chinua Achebe, published his first book Things Fall Apart.

Set in pre-colonial rural Nigeria, it examines how the arrival of foreigners led to tensions within traditional Igbo society.

The book revolutionised African writing, and began a whole new genre of world literature.

In 2016, Rebecca Kesby spoke to Achebe's youngest daughter, Nwando Achebe.

(Photo: Chinua Achebe in 2013. Credit: Leonardo Cendamo via Getty Images)

Achebe's English language novel from 1958 about life in Nigeria before colonialism

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Chinua Achebe's debut novel from 1958 about life in Nigeria before Europeans arrived in Africa in the 19th century.

[LISTEN NOW]

Chuquicamata: Chile's Abandoned Mining Town

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By 2007, the 25,000 residents of a Chilean mining town had moved out of their homes due to concerns about pollution levels from one of the largest copper mines in the world.

Today, the ghost town of Chuquicamata, located in the Atacama Desert, lies empty.

But once a year, the former residents return to celebrate the life they once had there with a weekend of partying, during which they sing happy birthday to the town.

Patricia Rojas revisits and reflects on her 25 years living in this now-deserted desert town with Robin Markwell.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Chuquicamata. Credit: BBC)

By 2007, the town lay abandoned after its 25,000 residents left due to pollution concerns

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

By 2007, Chuquicamata lay abandoned after 25,000 people left due to concerns about pollution levels. Once a year, the former residents return to sing happy birthday to the town.

By 2007, the town lay abandoned after its 25,000 residents moved out due to pollution. Once a year, the residents return to celebrate and sing happy birthday.

[LISTEN NOW]

Civil Rights Swim-in

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On 18 June 1964, black and white protesters jumped into a ‘whites only' swimming pool at a motel in St Augustine, in Florida.

Photos of the Monson Motor Lodge manager, James Brock, pouring cleaning acid into the pool to get them out, made global headlines.

The following day, the Civil Rights Act - a landmark bill to end discrimination which had been stalling in the Senate – was finally passed.

Using archive interviews with two of the swimming activists, JT Johnson and Mimi Jones, Vicky Farncombe looks back at this crucial moment in the civil rights movement.

[LISTEN NOW]

Clara Nunes: Queen Of Samba

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Singer Clara Nunes is an icon of African Brazilian culture and known as the Queen of Samba.

Her first samba song Ê Baiana was released in 1973.

In 1974, the release of the song Conto de Areia secured her a place in history. Clara sold more records than any other Brazilian woman had before.

She's considered to be one of the greatest samba singers of her generation.She died in 1983.

Brazilian radio broadcaster and samba record producer Adelzon Alves worked with Clara. He tells Gill Kearsley Clara's story.

(Photo: Clara Nunes in 1974. Credit: Gilbert Girbaldi/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

The Brazilian singer who earned the title Queen of Samba

Brazilian singer, Clara Nunes, became known as the Queen of Samba. She was an icon of African Brazilian culture.

Clearing Landmines In Cambodia

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Fifty years after the start of the genocide that wiped out a quarter of its eight million population, Cambodia remains one of the most heavily landmined countries in the world.

More than 65,000 people have been killed or injured by explosive devices since the end of the conflict – and almost one million still live in areas affected by the remnants of war.

Aki Ra was one of thousands of child soldiers ordered to lay landmines by the Khmer Rouge after taking control of Cambodia on 17 April 1975.

He speaks to Jacqueline Paine about living under the regime and then risking his life to clear unexploded mines.

(Photo: A display of anti-tank and anti-personnel mines in Cambodia. Credit: Getty Images/Peter Charlesworth)

Aki Ra laid hundreds of landmines for the Khmer Rouge, but began clearing them in 1992.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Former Khmer Rouge child soldier, Aki Ra, was ordered to lay landmines every day. Then in 1992 he began risking his life to clear unexploded mines and make his country safer.

The stories of our times told by people who were there.

[LISTEN NOW]

Cleveland Balloonfest '86

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In 1986, a world record attempt was launched by the city of Cleveland, in the US.

One and a half million balloons were blown up by volunteers ready to be released into the sky, with thousands of people watching.

It was meant to be a dazzling publicity stunt, but due to strong winds and a cold front, the balloons didn't float away as expected.

Colm Flynn speaks to Tom Holowatch, who was the project manager of BalloonFest '86, about how this became one of the most memorable days in the history of Cleveland, for all the right, and wrong reasons.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: BalloonFest. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1986, one and a half million balloons were released as part of a world record attempt

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1986, during a world record attempt and publicity stunt, one and a half million balloons were released as a storm rolled over the city.

[LISTEN NOW]

Coca-cola's 'new Coke'

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Forty years ago, on 23 April 1985, Coca-Cola decided to change the secret formula of its fizzy drink, in a bid to be market leaders.

They launched a new flavour called ‘New Coke'.

But, after a public backlash and thousands of angry calls, bosses were forced to act and bring back the old recipe.

In 2011, author Mark Pendergrast spoke to Alan Johnston about the change.

(Photo: Coca-Cola. Credit: Roger Ressmeyer/CORBIS/VCG via Getty Images)

On 23 April 1985, Coca-Cola changed the secret formula of its fizzy drink

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 23 April 1985, Coca-Cola changed the secret formula of its fizzy drink and launched ‘New Coke'. It resulted in public backlash and thousands of angry calls.

[LISTEN NOW]

Colombia's Salt Cathedral

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In 1995, a cathedral was built 180m underground in the Zipaquirá Salt Mine in Colombia.

The idea came from the miners building makeshift altars in the mine in the 1930s, to pray for their safety before starting their shifts.

It's now a major tourist attraction, attracting more than 600,000 visitors a year.

Rachel Naylor speaks to the engineer behind it, Jorge Enrique Castelblanco.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Tourists in the Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá. Credit: Phil Clarke Hill / In Pictures via Getty Images)

In 1995, a cathedral was built 180m underground in the Zipaquir\u00e1 Salt Mine

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Columbus Lighthouse

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In 1992, Columbus Lighthouse opened in Santo Domingo, the capital of the Dominican Republic.

It was designed to house the ashes of explorer, Christopher Columbus.

The huge memorial is built in the form of a horizontal cross and has 157 searchlight beams that when turned on project a gigantic cross into the sky. The light is so powerful it can be seen from over 300km away in Puerto Rico.

Tour guide and historian, Samuel Bisono tells Gill Kearsley about the struggle to get the monument built.

(Photo: Columbus Lighthouse. Credit: Gill Kearsley)

A memorial for the ashes of Christopher Columbus opened in the Dominican Republic in 1992

Columbus Lighthouse, said to be sheltering the ashes of Christopher Columbus opened in the Dominican Republic in 1992, but it was a struggle to get the monument built.

Conclave: How A New Pope Is Chosen

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In April 2005, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger became Pope Benedict XVI following the death of Pope John Paul II.

The new leader of the Catholic Church was elected after four ballots of the papal conclave.

The late Cardinal Cormac Murphy-O'Connor was one of 115 cardinals who took part.

He spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2013.

[LISTEN NOW]

Confronting Betty Ford's Addiction

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In 1978, former first lady of the United States, Betty Ford, announced that she had an addiction to alcohol and prescription medication, and would be seeking treatment.

Wife of the 38th US president Gerald Ford, her openness and honesty about her addictions was remarkable for its time and was headline news.

But it was her daughter, Susan Ford, who had organised the family intervention to confront her mother about her addiction, prompting her to seek help.

Susan Ford Bales remembers the moment she knocked on her mother's door early in the morning with the rest of her family and begged her to get help.

Betty Ford would go on to establish the Betty Ford Center in Rancho Mirage, California to help others struggling with addiction.

Susan Ford tells her and her mother's story to Colm Flynn.

Conservative Wipe-out In Canada

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In Canada's 1993 election, the governing Progressive Conservative Party was routed, ending up with just two seats.

In the 1980s, the party won the largest majority in Canadian history. But by 1993, it was in crisis and the new Prime Minister, Kim Campbell, called an election. But she didn't bank on the emergence of a new populist party called Reform, which stormed Canada's traditionally two-party system claiming 52 seats. The Progressive Conservatives never recovered.

Ben Henderson speaks to the former Prime Minister, Kim Campbell, and Preston Manning, founder and former leader of Reform.

(Photo: Preston Manning. Credit: Peter Power/Toronto Star via Getty Images)

In Canada's 1993 election, the governing party was routed, ending up with just two seats

In Canada's 1993 election, the governing Progressive Conservative Party was routed, ending up with just two seats, whilst a new populist party called Reform claimed 52 seats.

Creating Alexa

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The smart speaker Alexa is used by hundreds of millions of people around the world every day, but did you know its voice was created by two people in Poland back in 2000?

Lukasz Osowski and Michal Kaszczuk were final year students at Gdansk Technical University when they decided to create a device which could understand you and talk back in a voice which sounded like a human.

They went through a few versions and started getting attention from big companies before eventually making a deal with Amazon.

Lukasz and Michal speak to Megan Jones.

We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.

(Photo: Amazon Echo Plus smart speaker. Credit: Olly Curtis/Future via Getty Images)

In 2000, two Polish students started creating a smart speaker which sounded human

In 2000, two students in Poland decided to create a device which could understand you and talk back in a voice which sounded human

[LISTEN NOW]

Creating Captcha

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In 2000, as the internet expanded, websites faced a growing challenge to stop spam bots from flooding their systems.

To separate humans from machines, researchers at the United States' Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, created the Completely Automated Public Turing test.

From its early development to its evolution into reCAPTCHA it continues to block millions of automated attacks every day.

Ashley Byrne speaks to computer scientist Andrei Broder, who played a key role in developing the concepts that helped shape this technology.

A Made in Manchester production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: I am not a robot. Credit: Stock image / Vector Illustration)

In 2000, the Completely Automated Public Turing test was introduced as a security tool

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2000, the Completely Automated Public Turing test, designed to separate humans from machines, was introduced. It continues to block millions of online attacks every day.

[LISTEN NOW]

Creating Cluedo

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Air raids and blackouts during World War Two helped Anthony Pratt invent one of the most popular family board games: Cluedo.

But the musician's real inspiration came from his job in the 1930s, playing piano at murder mystery parties in English country houses and hotels.

Once war broke out, Anthony killed time at home in Birmingham by developing rules for his new 'whodunnit' game. While he created the colourful characters and weapons, his wife Elva drew up the board, based on the rooms of a Tudor mansion.

The first version was launched in 1949, and since then more than 150 million copies have been sold around the world, including in the US where it's known as Clue.

Anthony and Elva's daughter Marcia Lewis tells Jane Wilkinson about how her parent's idea became a global hit.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Cluedo box, 1949. Credit Family photo):

Blackouts during World War Two helped Anthony Pratt invent the popular family board game

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Blackouts during WW2 helped Anthony Pratt invent the popular board game: But his real inspiration came from playing piano at murder mystery parties in England's country houses.

[LISTEN NOW]

Creating The Board Game Catan

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In 1995, Klaus Teuber's board game Catan launched in Germany.

The board is made up of hexagonal tiles, and it's a game about strategy and collecting resources.

It's since sold over 40 million copies and been translated into more than 40 different languages.

Klaus Teuber died in 2023.

Megan Jones speaks to his son Benjamin, who now runs the company.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Picture: Klaus, Guido and Benjamin playing Catan. Credit: Benjamin Teuber)

In 1995, the game debuted and has since sold more than 40 million copies worldwide

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1995, Klaus Teuber's Catan launched, selling over 40 million copies and helping German-style board games become a global phenomenon.

[LISTEN NOW]

Creation Of The Ufc

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In 1993, a new combat sport was born. Its founders called it the Ultimate Fighting Championship – UFC.

It pitted all forms of mixed martial arts against each other with little to no rules and all contained in an octagon-shaped cage.

The first contest between a Samoan sumo wrestler and a Dutch kickboxer resulted in several teeth flying through the air.

It didn't take long for the sensation to attract some big critics including the late US senator John McCain. He wanted it banned and labelled it a 'human cockfight'.

One of the men responsible for cooking up this new concept was TV producer Campbell McLaren.

He tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how he used controversy to market the violent spectacle.

This programme contains descriptions of violence.

Crimea's Soviet Holiday Camp

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Artek, on the shores of the Black Sea in Crimea, was a hugely popular Soviet holiday camp.

Maria Kim Espeland was one of the thousands of children who visited every year.

In 2014, she told Lucy Burns about life in the camp in the 1980s.

(Photo: A group of children attending Artek. Credit: Irina Vlasova)

The hugely popular Soviet holiday camp, Artek

Each year, thousands of children visited Artek, a hugely popular Soviet holiday camp.

Cuban Blindness

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In the early 1990s, as Cuba faced a devastating economic crisis, leading to severe food shortages and malnutrition, around 50,000 Cubans were inexplicably struck down with sight loss.

One of America's leading eye specialists, Dr Alfredo Sadun, was invited to the communist-ruled island by Fidel Castrol to help figure out what was going on. Mike Lanchin spoke to Dr Sadun in 2021.

(Photo: A man undergoes an eye examination in Cuba in1993. Credit: Adalberto Roque/AFP/Getty Images)

In the early 1990s, around 50,000 Cubans were struck down with sight loss

In Cuba, during an economic crisis, around 50,000 people were inexplicably struck down with sight loss.

(Photo: A man undergoes an eye examination in Cuba in1993. Credit: Adalberto Roque/AFP via Getty Images)

[LISTEN NOW]

Cuba's Mariel Boatlift

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In April 1980, thousands of Cubans tried to escape the country by claiming asylum at the Peruvian embassy in Havana.

In response, Cuban President Fidel Castro opened the port of Mariel to anyone who wanted to leave, including criminals. From April until October more than 100,000 Cubans left for the US. Mirta Ojito was one of them. She spoke to Simon Watts in 2011.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Cuban refugees in 1980. Credit: Bettmann/Contributor via Getty Images)

In 1980, more than 100,000 Cubans left the country for the US

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1980, Cuban President Fidel Castro opened the port of Mariel to anyone who wanted to leave. Mirta Ojito was one of more than 100,000 Cubans who departed for the US.

[LISTEN NOW]

Cyprus 1974: The Final Landing

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On the 20 July 1974, a young pilot was preparing to land passenger flight CY317 into Nicosia Airport in Cyprus, amidst the threat of an imminent Turkish invasion. From the air, he could see warships approaching the island.

Little did he know that his aircraft would be the final one to land there, it would be destroyed within hours, and the airport remains frozen in time to this day.  

Fifty years later, Captain Adamos Marneros tells Amelia Parker about that fear-filled final flight, on a pivotal day in 1974, and the airport, which he revisited a few years ago.

(Photo: Captain Adamos Marneros outside the derelict Nicosia Airport in 2017. Credit: Leon Dimitrios)

In July 1974, Captain Adamos Marneros landed the last flight at Nicosia Airport in Cyprus

On 20 July 1974, Captain Adamos Marneros landed passenger flight CY317 into Nicosia Airport in Cyprus amidst the threat of an imminent Turkish invasion.

(Photo: Captain Adamos Marneros outside the derelict Nicosia Airport in 2012. Credit: Andros Efstathios)

Fifty years ago, the last ever flight landed at Nicosia Airport in Cyprus, as theTurkish invasion of the island began. Captain Adamos Marneros was the pilot.

Cyprus 1974: The Greek Coup

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On 15 July 1974, the Greek military dictatorship in Athens sponsored a coup on the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, aiming to overthrow its selected president and unite the island with Greece.

Days later, Turkey invaded the island, taking a third of it and displacing many thousands of its inhabitants.

The writer Bekir Azgun grew up in the village of Potamia, where Greek and Turkish Cypriots had once lived together in harmony. He speaks to Maria Margaronis about the day of the coup and reflects on the gradual separation of the island's two communities, beginning with the Greek Cypriot anticolonial struggle against Britain in the 1950s and culminating in the Turkish invasion and partition.

No outside power acted to stop this conflict between two NATO members. Cyprus, strategically positioned near the Middle East, remains divided to this day.

Archive by kind permission of the Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation.

Music: Michalis Terlikkas.

(Photo: The new de facto President of Cyprus, Nikos Sampson, holds a press conference after the military coup d'état which deposed Archbishop Makarios. Credit: Harry Dempster/Express/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

How a coup in Cyprus led to the division of the island's communities

In July 1974, the President of Cyprus, Archbishop Makarios, was overthrown. It led to the separation of the island's two communities.

Music by Michalis Terlikkas.

Cyprus 2003: Crossing The Ceasefire Line

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In April 2003, the people of Cyprus were allowed to cross the ceasefire line for the first time in 29 years.

Hundreds of people rushed to the check points and queued for hours to visit the homes they had left after the Greek coup and Turkish invasion of July 1974. Greek Cypriots made up the great majority of those displaced, often fleeing under fire with nothing but the clothes they had on.

Singer and ethnomusicologist Nicoletta Demetriou's parents were among them. Nicoletta tells Maria Margaronis about the day the checkpoints opened, the experience of crossing, and her parents' encounter with their old neighbourhood and its new inhabitants — and reflects on how it changed her.

Music: Solo laouto by Michalis Tterlikkas

(Photo: People crossing the ceasefire line in Cyprus in April 2003. Credit: Janine Haidar/AFP via Getty Images)

In April 2003, people in Cyprus crossed the ceasefire line for the first time in 29 years

Cyprus was divided in 1974, after the Greek coup and Turkish invasion of the island. In 2003, people were allowed to cross the ceasefire line for the first time.

Dancing In The Street: David Bowie And Mick Jagger

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In July 1985, music legends Mick Jagger and David Bowie were asked to perform a duet with a twist at Live Aid, the biggest concert in pop history.

Utilising the latest satellite technology, Mick would perform on the US stage in Philadelphia, while David would perform on the UK stage at Wembley Stadium.

As the technical issues were being discussed, it soon became obvious that a half-second delay in the link between cities would prevent the live performance from happening, so a recording was planned instead.

A short list of songs was discussed before the duo finally settled on the Motown classic Dancing in the Street.

Live Aid press officer Bernard Doherty tells Des Shaw how the duet and video were recorded in just 18 hours and became a highlight of the benefit concert on 13 July 1985. A Zinc Media production.

[LISTEN NOW]

Ddlj: India's Longest-running Film

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Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge, the ultimate Bollywood romance was released to critical acclaim in October 1995, becoming the longest-running movie in Indian cinema history.

The premiere was held at the Maratha Mandir cinema in Mumbai, since then it's been screened there every day for the past 27 years, stopping only briefly during the Covid pandemic.

Actress Kajol, who played Simran, starred opposite Shah Rukh Khan and they both became superstars overnight.

Kajol spoke to Reena Stanton-Sharma in 2023, about her memories of shooting the iconic film known around the world as DDLJ.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Fans look at a poster of DDLJ outside the Maratha Mandir cinema. Credit: Indranil Mukherjee/AFP via Getty Images)

Bollywood romance Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge was released to critical acclaim in 1995

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The ultimate Bollywood romance Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge, was released in October 1995 to critical acclaim. It became the longest-running movie in Indian cinema history.

On 20 October 1995, Bollywood film Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge was released to critical acclaim.

It premiered at the Maratha Mandir cinema in Mumbai, India. It's been screened there every day since then for the past 27 years, stopping only briefly because of the Covid pandemic, and has become the longest-running film in Indian cinema history.

Actress Kajol – who played Simran – starred opposite Shah Rukh Khan. Following its release, they became superstars overnight.

Kajol spoke to Reena Stanton-Sharma in 2023 about her memories of shooting the iconic movie known around the world as DDLJ.

[LISTEN NOW]

Deadly Everest Avalanche

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On 18 April 2014, an avalanche on Mount Everest killed 16 men, who were carrying supplies for commercial expeditions to higher camps.

The sherpas were on the Khumbu Icefall, just above Base Camp in Nepal, when the avalanche happened.

It resulted in the climbing season being cancelled and sherpas demanding better working conditions on the mountain.

Lakpa Rita Sherpa helped dig bodies of his dead colleagues out of the ice, before transporting them home to their families.

He speaks to Laura Jones.

(Photo: The south-west face of Mount Everest and the Khumbu icefall. Credit: Eye Ubiquitous/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

In 2014, an avalanche in the Khumbu Icefall killed 16 sherpas on Mount Everest

It is a decade since an avalanche killed 16 men on Mount Everest. They were all from the sherpa community in Nepal, working for commercial climbing expeditions.

Death Of A Priest

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The 1977 murder of Father Rutilio Grande sent shockwaves through El Salvador. The 48-year-old Jesuit priest was an outspoken champion of the poor in the deeply divided central American nation.

In the immediate aftermath of his murder, the Archbishop of San Salvador, Oscar Romero, took the unprecedented step of holding just one single mass, ordering all other churches in his archdiocese to cancel theirs. Romero also refused to attend any government functions.

Father Grande was one of the first priests to be killed by security forces in the years leading up to the bloody Salvadoran civil war.

His murder marked a turning point as the church became increasingly involved in promoting social justice, and other priests became more outspoken against the government's repression of dissent.

Mike Lanchin has been hearing from Gabina Dubon, who worked with Father Grande in his rural parish, and to theologian and author, SisterAna Maria Pineda. This is a CTVC production for BBC World Service.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Father Rutilio Grande. Credit: Camilo Freedman/APHOTOGRAFIA/Getty Images)

The 1977 murder of a leading champion for the poor in El Salvador

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1977, security forces murdered Father Rutilio Grande, a leading champion of the poor in El Salvador.

[LISTEN NOW]

Debbie Mcgee In Iran

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In 1978, British showbusiness star, Debbie McGee was a dancer with the Iranian National Ballet Company.

Debbie was living in the capital, Tehran, at the start of the Iranian revolution.

She tells Gill Kearsley the story of how she dealt with the unrest and escaped the country.

Debbie, who went on to marry British magician Paul Daniels, said: 'I would never have met my late husband if that hadn't happened... so I've got the ayatollah to thank for that.

(Photo: Debbie McGee in 2018. Credit: Dave Benett/Getty Images for The Old Vic Theatre)

Showbiz star, Debbie McGee describes being caught up in the Iranian revolution in 1978

In 1978, showbiz star Debbie McGee was working as a ballet dancer in Tehran as the Iranian revolution began.

Denmark's Inuit Children Experiment

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In 1951, a group of 22 Inuit children from Greenland were sent to live with foster parents in Denmark. It was part of a social experiment aimed at improving the lot of the Inuit people. But, for the children involved it was a confusing experience.

Helene Thiesen was one of those children. She spoke to Ellen Otzen in 2015.

(Photo: Helene Thiesen. Credit: Helene Thiesen)

In 1951, 22 Inuit children from Greenland were sent to live with families in Denmark

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1951, a group of 22 Inuit children from Greenland were sent to live with foster parents in Denmark. It was part of a social experiment aimed at improving life for Inuit people.

[LISTEN NOW]

Designing The Google Logo

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Millions of us see the Google logo every day.

Ruth Kedar is the designer of the logo. The story of how she got the job story starts in a martial arts class in 1998.

The Brazilian artist and designer was invited to meet company founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and asked to present them with some ideas.

Ruth tells Gill Kearsley her story of meeting the tech owners and how the design developed into a logo that became part of history.

(Photo: The Google logo in 2006. Credit: Adrian Brown/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

Brazilian artist and designer, Ruth Kedar's story of designing the Google logo.

Ruth Kedar is the designer of the Google logo. The story of how the Brazilian designer and artist got the job starts in a martial arts class in 1998.

[LISTEN NOW]

Destruction Of Mostar Bridge

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On 9 November 1993, one of Bosnia's most famous landmarks, the historic bridge in Mostar, was destroyed by Croat guns during the Bosnian war.

Built by the Ottomans in the 16th Century, the bridge was a symbol of Bosnia's multicultural past.

In 2014, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Eldin Palata, who filmed the destruction of the bridge, and Mirsad Behram, a local journalist.

(Photo: A temporary bridge where Mostar's historic bridge previously stood. Credit: Robert Nickelsberg/Liaison via Getty Images)

On 9 November 1993 the historic bridge was destroyed during the Bosnian War

On 9 November 1993, one of Bosnia's most famous landmarks, the old Ottoman bridge in Mostar, was destroyed during the Bosnian War.

Dignitas: Founding An Assisted Dying Society

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In 1998, the assisted dying society, Dignitas, was set up in Switzerland by lawyer Ludwig Minelli.

It was the first end-of-life organisation in the world to help foreigners - non-Swiss citizens - to die.

Since then around 4,000 people from 65 different countries have chosen to end their lives with help from Dignitas.

But while 10 countries have legalised assisted dying, most have not. Critics say it can weaken respect for human life, put pressure on the terminally-ill to die and lead to worsening end-of-life care.

Ludwig Minelli tells Jane Wilkinson why he believes freedom of choice is so important.

(Photo: Ludwig Minelli in 2012. Credit: SEBASTIEN BOZON/AFP/GettyImages)

In 1998, Swiss lawyer Ludwig Minelli set up the controversial organisation Dignitas

In 1998, lawyer Ludwig Minelli set up Dignitas to help the terminally and chronically-ill to die. Since then around 4,000 people have travelled to Switzerland to end their lives.

Dinner For One: How An English Comedy Became A German Tradition

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Every New Year's Eve, millions of Germans turn on their TVs to rewatch an old favourite – the comedy Dinner for One.

The black and white sketch is in English and features a British cast but is virtually unknown in the United Kingdom.

The two-hander starts with butler James laying a table for five people for dinner.

Then Miss Sophie arrives. It's her 90th birthday and she wants to celebrate with four friends: Sir Toby, Admiral von Schneider, Mr Pomeroy, and Mr Winterbottom.

The only problem is they're all dead so James must impersonate the guests – and drink on their behalf – with hilarious results.

The late German entertainer Peter Frankenfeld first saw the show in the theatre during a trip to Blackpool.

He wanted to record it in Germany but Freddie Frinton, who played the butler and owned the copyright to the show, initially refused to take part because of his experiences during World War Two.

Peter's son Thomas Frankenfeld tells Vicky Farncombe how his father's own war story, involving snipers and a Nazi surgeon, persuaded Freddie to change his mind.

The programme is now shown on TV every New Year's Eve in places including Germany, Scandinavia and Switzerland.

“We watch it every year, ? says Thomas. “It's really funny. Still after all this time. ?

Discovering Hans Christian Andersen's 'lost Fairytale'

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In October 2012, a local historian stumbled upon a misplaced pamphlet in the Danish Archives.

It was a story called the Tallow Candle and is believed to be Hans Christian Andersen's first fairytale.

Ejnar Askgaard, Curator and Senior Researcher at Museum Odense, verified the document.

He speaks to Surya Elango.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Hans Christian Andersen. Credit: Hulton-Deutsch Collection via Getty Images)

In October 2012, The Tallow Candle fairytale was discovered

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In October 2012, a historian found a misplaced pamphlet in the Danish Archives. It was a story called The Tallow Candle, believed to be Hans Christian Andersen's first fairytale.

[LISTEN NOW]

Discovering The Ancient City Of Thonis-heracleion

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In 2000, the pioneering underwater archaeologist Franck Goddio made one of the greatest ever submerged discoveries.

He found evidence that the remains he had found off the coast of Egypt were from Thonis-Heracleion, an ancient Egyptian port lost without trace.

Before the foundation of Alexandria, it had flourished at the mouth of the Nile between the 6th to 2nd centuries BC, a city twice the size of Pompeii.

He tells Josephine McDermott about the incredible artefacts he has found including the moment he realised he was at the foot of a five-metre tall statue of a pharaoh.

(Photo: The pharaoh statue discovered off the coast of Egypt. Credit: Christoph Gerigk, Franck Goddio/Hilti Foundation)

In 2000 Franck Goddio made one of the greatest ever underwater discoveries

In 2000, the maritime archaeologist Franck Goddio discovered the city of Thonis-Heracleion which had been hidden from sight for two thousand years.

Discovering The Largest Dinosaur Ever

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In 2012, a shepherd uncovered a bone belonging to a new species of dinosaur on a ranch in Patagonia, in Argentina.

A team from the Museum of Paleontology Egidio Feruglio found more than 150 bones, belonging to six skeletons.

The Patagotitan, a type of titanosaur, was 40 metres long, 20 metres tall and weighed 77 tonnes.

Rachel Naylor spoke to Dr Diego Pol, a palaeontologist who led the dig.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The skeleton of the Patagotitan on display in London in 2023. Credit: Dan Kitwood / Getty Images)

In 2012, a shepherd uncovered a bone belonging to a new dinosaur in Argentina

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2012, a shepherd uncovered a bone belonging to a new species of dinosaur on a ranch in Argentina.

[LISTEN NOW]

Discovering The Structure Of Haemoglobin

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What was it in September of 1959 that caused an Austrian scientist to rush out from his lab and buy children's modelling clay?

Austrian born Dr Max Perutz had made one of the greatest scientific discoveries of the 20th century. For the first time, he could see what a molecule of haemoglobin looked like in 3D. Using lectures and programmes from the BBC archive, Josephine McDermott tells the story of how his fellow Cambridge University students in the UK thought he was “mad ? to try and map a molecule made of 10,000 atoms, and the “appalling task ? which took 22 years to complete.

It was an achievement that earned him and his colleague John Kendrew the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1962. It has since contributed to the study of blood diseases like sickle cell anaemia and Huntington's disease.

(Photo: Dr Max Perutz in 1962. Credit: AP)

Dr Max Perutz made one of the greatest scientific discoveries of the 20th century

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Until Dr Max Perutz, no-one had seriously attempted to map a molecule that was made up of 10,000 atoms. In 1959, after 22 years, he was finally successful.

[LISTEN NOW]

Discovering The Terracotta Army

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It's 50 years since a chance find by Chinese farmers led to an astonishing archaeological discovery.

Thousands of clay soldiers were uncovered in the province of Shaanxi after being buried for more than 2,000 years.

They were guarding the tomb of the ancient ruler Qin Shi Huang, who ruled the Qin Dynasty.

In 2013, archaeologists Yuan Zhongyi and Xiuzhen Li told Rebecca Kesby about the magnitude of the dig, and how unearthing the incredible statues shaped their careers.

(Photo: Terracotta soldiers stand to attention. Credit Marica van der Meer/Arterra/Universal Images Group/Getty Images)

In 1974, Chinese farmers stumbled upon an astonishing archaeological site

In 1974, a chance find by farmers digging a well in China led to an astonishing archaeological discovery.

Discovering The Titanic

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In September 1985, the wreck of the Titanic was discovered around 400 nautical miles off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada, during a joint American-French expedition.

It had remained undisturbed, 13,000 feet underwater in the North Atlantic Ocean, since it sank during its maiden voyage in 1912.

The team spotted a boiler using a remotely controlled deep-sea vehicle, called Argo, and a robot named Jason, which led them to the site of the wreck.

In 2012, Louise Hidalgo spoke to some of the explorers and listened to archive recordings.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Titantic bow. Credit: Xavier DESMIER/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

In September 1985, the wreck of the lost ship was discovered during a joint expedition

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In September 1985, the wreck of the Titanic was discovered during a joint American-French expedition. It had remained undisturbed since sinking during its maiden voyage.

[LISTEN NOW]

Discovery Of The 'hobbit'

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In 2003, archaeologists on the island of Flores, in Indonesia, discovered the skeleton of a new species of human - Homo floresiensis.

It was nicknamed the 'Hobbit', because they were just over a metre in height, and it's thought they became extinct around 70,000 years ago.

Rachel Naylor spoke to Peter Brown, the Australian paleoanthropologist who identified it.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The skull of Homo floresiensis (centre). Credit: Jim Watson / AFP via Getty Images)

In 2003, archaeologists in Indonesia discovered the skeleton of a new species of human

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2003, archaeologists in Indonesia discovered the skeleton of a new species of human - Homo floresiensis.

[LISTEN NOW]

Discovery Of The Hole In The Earth's Ozone

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In 1985, British scientists made what would turn out to be one of the most important environmental discoveries of the 20th century - finding a hole in the earth's ozone layer.

The British Antarctic Survey, based in Cambridge, had been monitoring ozone levels for more than 30 years using the Dobson Ozone Spectrophotometer.

But it was only when they compared previously uncharted figures from the 1980s with the previous decade that they made the shocking finding, as Jonathan Shanklin, the man who compiled the data, told Jane Wilkinson.

(Photo: Ozone hole in September 2006. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

In 1985, news broke of a major environmental discovery: a hole in the earth's ozone layer

Dismaland: Banksy's Dystopian Theme Park

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In 2015, Banksy turned a derelict swimming pool in Weston-super-Mare, England, into a dystopian theme park which drew huge crowds and Hollywood stars.

Working under cover of darkness, the street artist created Dismaland - a 'bemusement park' offering a satirical twist on mainstream resorts.

The temporary exhibition featured a fire-ravaged castle, a riot police van sinking into a lake, and Cinderella's upturned pumpkin carriage.

Open for just five weeks, Dismaland sold thousands of tickets daily and injected an estimated £20 million into the local economy.

Kurtis Young speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about his summer job as a steward at Dismaland.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: A mermaid sculpture in front of the fairy castle. Credit: Jim Dyson/Getty Images)

In 2015, the street artist transformed a derelict pool into a dystopian 'bemusement park'.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2015, the street artist transformed a derelict outdoor swimming pool into a dystopian 'bemusement park' in Weston-super-Mare, England. It closed five weeks later.

[LISTEN NOW]

Doi Moi: Vietnam's Economic Miracle

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In the late 1970s, Vietnam was one of the poorest countries in the world. Its economy had been destroyed by war with the USA, a trade embargo, and the communist government's restriction of private enterprise. So, at the Vietnam Communist Party's 6th National Congress in December 1986, radical economic reforms were introduced, known as Doi Moi, meaning ‘renovation'. The reforms transformed the country from a centrally planned economy to a market-oriented one, unleashing huge economic growth and improving living standards. Ben Henderson speaks to Phạm Chi Lan, an economist who worked at Vietnam's Chamber of Commerce and Industry through the period of reform.

(Photo: Street vendor in Hanoi, 1993. Credit: Steve Raymer/Corbis via Getty Images)

Radical reforms introduced in 1986 lifted millions out of poverty

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In the late 1970s, Vietnam was one of the poorest countries in the world. In 1986, radical economic reforms were introduced unleashing huge economic growth.

[LISTEN NOW]

Dolly Rathebe: South Africa's First International Film Star

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South Africa's first feature film aimed at black audiences was released in 1949, launching Dolly Rathebe's career.

The actress and jazz musician was discovered by chance by two British film makers and with no previous acting experience, she was cast in Jim Comes to Jo'burg , also known as African Jim.

She played Judy, a glamourous nightclub singer and soon she was gracing magazine covers and was proclaimed as Africa's first black female movie star.

Reena Stanton-Sharma listens back to an archive interview of Dolly Rathebe speaking to film maker Peter Davies from Villon Films.

Jim Comes to Jo'burg, also known as African Jim, launched Dolly Rathebe's career in 1949

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1949, South Africa's first feature film aimed at black audiences was released, launching Dolly Rathebe's career in Jim Comes to Jo'burg, also known as African Jim.

[LISTEN NOW]

Drill, Baby, Drill!

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Judging by how often US President Donald Trump has repeated the slogan “Drill, baby, drill ?, you might think he coined it. But the phrase actually dates back to 2008.

It was at the Republican National Convention that former Maryland Lieutenant Governor Michael Steele first used it, arguing the United States needed to become energy independent.

The slogan, the result of what Michael describes as a late-night epiphany, quickly entered the mainstream of American politics - adopted by a range of politicians in the years that followed. He shares his memories of that moment with Marco Silva.

This programme contains archive from: C-SPAN, PBS Newshour, Fox News, and CNN.

[LISTEN NOW]

Drum: Africa's Revolutionary Magazine

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Drum was considered to be the first African lifestyle magazine with a readership of 40,000 in its 1950s heyday. It was first printed in South Africa in 1951 and became a voice of resistance during Apartheid.

Drum hit newsstands in 12 countries across the continent after former World War Two pilot Jim Bailey bought the publication after the first two editions flopped. Jim changed the focus by telling African stories by African writers and shining a spotlight on music, culture and life in the illegal drinking joints known as shebeens.

Black writers including Henry Nxumalo, known as Mr Drum, were credited with revolutionising journalism and literature in South Africa. Reena Stanton-Sharma speaks to Jim Bailey's son Prospero Bailey.

(Photo: The Drum Office in 1954. Credit: Jurgen Schadeberg from The Schadeberg Collection)

The first African lifestyle magazine Drum, was first printed in 1951

In 1951, the first edition of Drum was published in South Africa. It was considered to be the first African lifestyle magazine with a readership of 40,000 in its heyday.

[LISTEN NOW]

Dyke And Dryden: Cosmetic Kings

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In 1969, a new sound began to dominate the airwaves in the UK, reggae.

This was terrible news for two Jamaican men, Len Dyke and Dudley Dryden who were making their money selling 'slices of home' records on market stalls in London.

They had been pushed out by big labels but being true businessmen, they established themselves in an area with little-to-no commercial competition - black women's haircare.

Little did they know they were entering the market when black beauty was about to get a whole new look that would make them millions.

It was the dawn of the Jerry Curl. This was a new product that could chemically change the texture of afro hair making it straighter and shinier.

Rudi Page, Dyke and Dryden's former marketing manager tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how the business became so successful that they started supplying products in Ghana and Nigeria as well as the whole of the UK.

(Photo: Rudi Page. Credit: Rudi Page)

In 1969, Dyke and Dryden started one the most successful black British businesses

In 1969, Len Dyke and Dudley Dryden started a new company selling Afro hair care. It would go on to make millions.

[LISTEN NOW]

Earth: A Pale Blue Dot In The Universe

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In February 1990, Nasa space probe Voyager took a famous photo of Earth as it left the Solar System.

Seen from six billion kilometres away, our planet appears as a mere dot lit up by the sun, giving a sense of humanity's small place in the universe.

In 2020, Darryl Morris spoke to Nasa planetary scientist Candice Hansen, who worked on the Voyager programme. A Made in Manchester production for BBC World Service.

(Photo: Earth - a pale blue dot. Credit: Nasa/JPL-Caltech)

In 1990, a space probe's photograph of Earth captured the enormity of space

In 1990, Nasa's Voyager space probe captured a photograph of Earth from billions of miles away. Caught in a sun beam, it is a tiny speck in the vast universe.

East Germany's Coffee From Vietnam

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In the 1980s, a thirst for caffeine caused an unusual global collaboration.

Coffee-loving East Germans were left without after a crop failure in the world's biggest exporter of the drink, Brazil.

So the East Germans hatched a scheme, linking up with fellow communist state Vietnam to create a mass of coffee plantations.

The man behind the plan, Siegfried Kaulfuß, tells Michael Rossi about the scale and success of the endeavour.

(Photo: Siegfried Kaulfuß with Vietnamese coffee farmers. Credit: Siegfried Kaulfuß)

A thirst for caffeine led to an unusual global collaboration in the 1980s

A thirst for caffeine led to an unusual global collaboration between East Germany and Vietnam in the 1980s with the creation of a mass coffee plantations.

Echo And The Elephants

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In 1972, the world's longest-running study of wild elephants was first launched in Kenya, making a star of one of its subjects – Echo.

For decades, the Amboseli Elephant Research Project followed Echo and the rest of the park's population to learn more about their behaviour, communication and social bonds.

And in 1990, when the project began to attract wider attention, a documentary TV crew asked to film one of the groups. It was the start of Echo's life in front of the camera.

The grand old matriarch would help raise four generations of her family, protecting them from attacks by lions, conflicts with local farmers, and the effects of famine.

Dr Cynthia Moss, who set up the project, tells Jane Wilkinson about the highs and lows of following Echo and the elephants.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1972, the world's longest-running study of wild elephants was launched in Kenya. And filming of the Amboseli Elephant Research Project made a star of one its subjects - Echo.

[LISTEN NOW]

Egypt And The 'cairo 52'

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A group of men known as the ‘Cairo 52' were arrested in Egypt in May 2001. They were on board the Queen Boat, a floating gay nightclub on the River Nile.

Omer, not his real name, was arrested and imprisoned for habitual debauchery.

There is no explicit law against homosexuality in Egypt and Omer was released early following the orders of US president at the time, George W Bush.

Omer speaks to Dan Hardoon about the arrest and its aftermath – in graphic detail.

(Photo: Some of the 'Cairo 52', dressed in white with their faces covered, being escorted by security into a court in Cairo. Credit: Marwan Naamani/Getty Images)

In May 2001, 52 men were arrested in a gay nightclub floating on the River Nile

Egypt Criminalises Sexual Harassment

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For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

History told by the people who were there

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2014, Egypt's outgoing president, Adly Mansour, issued a decree which categorised sexual harassment as a crime punishable by a minimum six-month jail term and a fine of 3,000 Egyptian pounds which is around $60.

It was a move campaigners welcomed, saying it was the first step towards ending an endemic problem.

Among those who made the change happen was Engy Ghozlan, co-founder of HarassMap, an online tool to report harassment.

She speaks to Megan Jones about what life in Egypt was like for women before the legislation came into force.

(Photo: Egyptian women take part in a march against sexual harassment. Credit: Ed Giles/Getty Images)

In 2014, Egypt's outgoing president issued a decree criminalising sexual harassment

In 2014, Egypt's outgoing president, Adly Mansour, issued a decree criminalising sexual harassment. It was a move campaigners welcomed.

[LISTEN NOW]

Eight Years Trapped On The Suez Canal

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After the six day war in June 1967, the entrance and exit to the Suez Canal was closed.

It meant 14 ships from eight different countries were trapped in an area called the Great Bitter Lake.

They would remain there for eight years, and would become known as the ‘yellow fleet'.

Former Assistant Steward Phil Saul speaks to Megan Jones.

His book is called “Skinning Out: My time at sea and jumping ship in New Zealand ?.

(Picture: Catering crowd on the Melampus. Credit: Phillip Saul)

After the Six Day War in 1967, 14 ships were stuck on the Great Bitter Lake

Known as the ‘yellow fleet', 14 ships were trapped on the Great Bitter Lake in 1967 after the six day war.

[LISTEN NOW]

Eight Years Trapped On The Suez Canal In Egypt

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After the Six Day War in June 1967, the Suez Canal in Egypt was closed.

It meant 14 ships from eight different countries, including the United States, Bulgaria and France, were trapped in an area called the Great Bitter Lake.

They would remain there for eight years, and would become known as the ‘yellow fleet'.

Two of the ships were the MS Melampus and MS Agapenor.

Former assistant steward, Phil Saul, worked on both and was in charge of looking after the engineers and officers.

He speaks to Megan Jones.

His book is called Skinning Out: My time at sea and jumping ship in New Zealand.

(Picture: Catering crowd on the Melampus. Credit: Phillip Saul)

After the Six Day War in 1967, 14 ships were stuck on the Great Bitter Lake

Known as the ‘yellow fleet', 14 ships were trapped on the Great Bitter Lake in 1967 after the Six Day War.

[LISTEN NOW]

Eisenhower's Farewell Address

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In January 1961, US President Dwight Eisenhower ended his time in the White House with a farewell address regarded as one of the greatest speeches made by a US president.

He warned Americans against the 'military-industrial complex', a phrase that he coined.

In 2018, Louise Hidalgo looked back on the speech with Dwight Eisenhower's grandson, David Eisenhower, and one of his speechwriters, Stephen Hess.

(Photo: President Dwight Eisenhower. Credit: Bettmann/Contributor via Getty Images)

In 1961, the US President ended his time in the White House with a famous speech

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1961, the US President ended his time in the White House with a famous speech in which he warned against the 'military-industrial complex'.

[LISTEN NOW]

Eliza: When Chatbots Started

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Eliza is the name of a 1966 invention by German born scientist, Joseph Weizenbaum, that is said to be the first chatbot.

Eliza worked by someone typing their feelings into a computer keyboard, and then the programme repeated it back to them, often as a question.

Joseph's daughter, Miriam tells Gill Kearsley about Eliza. We also hear from Joseph through archive interviews from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, in the USA, that were recorded with Pamela McCorduck in 1975.

(Photo: Joseph Weizenbaum. Credit: Wolfgang Kunz/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

1966 saw the invention of Eliza, which is said to be the first chatbot

German born scientist, Joseph Weizenbaum, invented what is thought to be the first chatbot in 1966.

Joseph's daughter, Miriam tells Gill Kearsley about Eliza. We also hear from Joseph through archive interviews from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, USA, that were recorded with Pamela McCorduck in 1975.

(Photo: Joseph Weizenbaum. Wolfgang Kunz/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

[LISTEN NOW]

Elvis Visits Scotland

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In 1960, as he headed home from military service, the King of Rock 'n' Roll made an unexpected stop at Prestwick Airport.

It's believed to be the only time Elvis Presley is known to have set foot on British soil.

It was only a brief visit, but for 16 year old Anne Murphy, watching him walk down the airplane steps is a memory that has never faded.

More than six decades later, she tells Megan Jones what it was like to see Elvis up close.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Elvis at Prestwick Airport, with Anne Murphy looking up at him. Credit: The Hollywood Archive/Alamy)

In 1960, the King of Rock 'n' Roll made an unexpected stop at Prestwick Airport

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1960, the King of Rock 'n' Roll made an unexpected stop at Prestwick Airport. It's believed to be the only time Elvis Presley set foot on British soil.

[LISTEN NOW]

Emerante De Pradines: Haiti's Musical Trailblazer

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Emerante de Pradines was a Haitian singer, dancer and folklorist who became the first person from her country to sign a record deal. She was dedicated to de-demonising vodou music and folklore and went on to teach dance at some of America's most prestigious universities.

Her son Richard Morse speaks to Emma Forde about his mother's life and her legacy.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Emerante De Pradines Credit: Leah Gordon)

The singer, dancer and folklorist who became the first Haitian to sign a record deal

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Emerante de Pradines was the first Haitian singer to sign a record deal, she championed vodou music and folklore.

[LISTEN NOW]

Emperor Haile Selassie Overthrown

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Haile Selassie was Emperor of Ethiopia. His dynasty ruled for centuries, supposedly descending from King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba.

In 1974 he was overthrown in a coup by a Marxist-Leninist military junta called the Derg. Over the following months, the insurrectionists executed 60 members of Haile Selassie's government, before murdering the former Emperor in his bed in 1975.

Lij Mulugeta Asseratte Kassa is a relative of Haile Selassie. He spent time with the Emperor in the days leading up to the coup and was imprisoned for nine years by the Derg. He speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Emperor Haile Selassie in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Credit: Terry Fincher/Express via Getty Images)

In September 1974, a military junta launched a coup against Ethiopia's monarchy

In September 1974, a military junta called the Derg ousted Ethiopia's monarchy in a coup. Lij Mulugeta Asseratte Kassa, a relative of the Emperor, looks back on it.

[LISTEN NOW]

English Tv Lessons In China Go Primetime

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In 1981 the first major series of English lessons was broadcast on Chinese television.

President Deng Xiaoping had allowed private enterprise and was pursuing an era of “opening up ? to the rest of the world. It followed a decade of educational turmoil when teachers had been castigated as bourgeois by the former leader Mao Zedong.

Kathy Flower presented the English education programme, Follow Me, several times a week at primetime. It was watched by an estimated 500 million people keen to get a taste of the English language and observe westerners on television. Kathy Flower recalls to Josephine McDermott what it was like becoming the most famous foreign person in China.

(Photo: Kathy Flower at a book signing in China. Credit: BBC)

An estimated 500 million people in China watched English lessons on television in 1981

In 1981 an estimated 500 million people in China began watching the BBC series Follow Me to learn English. The evening programme made a huge star of Kathy Flower.

[LISTEN NOW]

Escaping Nigeria's Biafra War

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When the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself to be the independent state of Biafra, civil war broke out in May 1967. More than a million people died before the fighting stopped.

In 2021, Patricia Ngozi Ebigwe, now better known as TV and music star Patti Boulaye, spoke to Paul Waters about escaping the conflict.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Government troops during the Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Biafran War, 1969. Credit: Central Press/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

In 1967, the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself the independent state of Biafra

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1967, the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself the independent state of Biafra. Patricia Ngozi Ebigwe, known as Patti Boulaye, escaped the conflict.

[LISTEN NOW]

Eta's Assassination Of Juan Mari J\u00e1uregui

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Its goal was to create an independent Basque state out of territory in south-west France and northern Spain.

Following Jáuregui's murder, his widow Maixabel Lasa worked to help victims of political violence and highlight their suffering, weakening Eta's support.

A decade later, she received a message from one of the men involved in Jáuregui's murder. He wanted to meet her and take responsibility for his actions.

In 2011, Eta declared a permanent ceasefire, and formally disbanded in 2018. Maixabel Lasa speaks to Ben Henderson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

On 29 July 2000, retired Spanish politician Juan Mari Jáuregui was assassinated by Basque separatists Eta. Deemed a terrorist organisation by the European Union, Eta killed more than 800 people between 1968 and 2010. Its goal was to create an independent Basque state out of territory in south-west France and northern Spain.

Following Jáuregui's murder, his widow Maixabel Lasa worked to help victims of political violence and highlight their suffering, weakening Eta's support. A decade later, she received a message from one of the men involved in Jáuregui's murder. He wanted to meet her and take responsibility for his actions, beginning a remarkable friendship.

(Photo: Maixabel Lasa. Credit: Arnaitz Rubio/Europa Press via Getty Images)

On 29 July 2000, Basque separatists Eta killed the retired Spanish politician

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 29 July 2000, Basque separatists Eta killed the retired Spanish politician. Following Jáuregui's murder, his widow Maixabel Lasa worked to help victims of political violence.

[LISTEN NOW]

Ethiopia's 1984 Famine

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In 1984, Ethiopia suffered one of its worst ever famines.

A BBC news report from the area shocked the world - and led to a huge global fundraising campaign.

In 2014, Lucy Burns spoke to Dawit Giorgis, who was in charge of Ethiopia's internal relief effort during the crisis.

(Photo: Starving children at Korem refugee camp. Credit: William F. Campbell/Getty Images)

In 1984, a news report on a famine in Ethiopia led to a global fundraising campaign

A BBC news report in 1984 about one of Ethiopia's worst ever famines led to a huge global fundraising campaign.

[LISTEN NOW]

Europe's Long Drought Of 2011

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In 2011, after months of little or no rain in central and eastern Europe, water levels on some parts of the Danube River fell to their lowest level in 70 years.

It's one of Europe's busiest shipping routes, but in November of that year, traffic ground to a halt on major sections of the Danube, and on the Serbia-Hungary border dozen of cargo ships were stranded.

In Romania, one of the country's nuclear power stations was at risk of shutdown because of insufficient water for cooling, and in Serbia the drought revealed sunken World War Two ships and unexploded bombs.

In the lower Danube, low water levels also caused a decrease in bird and fish populations.

Kristian Yakimov, an ecologist and tourist guide in Bulgaria, speaks to Jacqueline Paine.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Cracked, muddy ground at the river bank of the Danube river. Credit: Alexanda Rilich/Getty Images)

How months of no rain dried up the Danube River

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

When water levels on parts of the Danube River fell to their lowest levels in 70 years.

[LISTEN NOW]

Eva Peron: Argentina's Evita

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Eva Peron – otherwise known as Evita - became an icon in 1940s Argentina, famous for her passionate speeches and populist rhetoric.

Born into poverty, she moved to Buenos Aries at the age of 15 to become an actress, and was soon starring in radio soap operas.

In 1945, she married Colonel Juan Peron, a rising figure in the Argentinian military, and supported his campaign to become president.

After he won the election, she set up the Eva Perón Foundation, to distribute money, food and medicines to the poor. It won her the adulation of Argentina's working classes, although some believed she exploited her position for personal gain.

Eva fell ill with cancer, and on 17 October 1951, she made her last major public appearance from the presidential palace balcony. It was to be her most famous speech, later inspiring the award-winning song, Don't Cry for Me Argentina, from the musical Evita.

(Photo: Eva Peron in 1951. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images)

Eva Peron - or Evita - was an icon in 1940s Argentina, famous for her populist rhetoric

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Eva Peron, known as Evita, was an icon in 1940s Argentina, famous for her populist rhetoric. Her most famous speech inspired the award-winning song Don't Cry for Me Argentina.

[LISTEN NOW]

Executed In Stalin's Great Terror In Georgia

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Between 1937 and 1938, Soviet leader Josef Stalin carried out his most severe purge in Georgia.

Known as the Great Terror, thousands of political rivals, intellectuals and ordinary citizens were executed without trial and buried in mass graves.

Dan Hardoon speaks to Levan Pesvianidze in Tbilisi, Georgia, whose grandfather Viktor and uncle Giorgi were both executed.

(Photo: Viktor Pesvianidze with colleagues in Georgia in the 1930s. Credit: Levan Pesvianidze)

In the 1930s, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin executed hundreds of thousands without trial

Hundreds of thousands of political rivals, intellectuals and ordinary citizens were executed without trial during the Great Terror.

Exercise Tiger: Disastrous D-day Rehearsal

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In April 1944, the Allies planned Exercise Tiger to practise their landing on France's Normandy beaches ahead of D-Day. During the rehearsal, a German fleet attacked, sinking two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died.

The Allies' military leaders ordered troops not to discuss the disaster because they didn't want to damage morale or give away the D-Day plans. So, Exercise Tiger was largely forgotten for decades.

Ben Henderson tells the story using archive interviews with Paul Gerolstein, who was on board one of the ships that came under attack.

Exercise Tiger Memorial Ltd courtesy of Dean Small and Laurie Bolton, audio/visual maintained by Chris Kirsten of CeeVisk

David FitzGerald

(Photo: US troops ahead of D-Day. Credit: AP)

In April 1944, a German fleet sank two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In April 1944, the Allies planned a rehearsal for D-Day. During the exercise, a German fleet attacked and sank two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died.

(Archive: Exercise Tiger Memorial Ltd. courtesy of Dean Small and Laurie Bolton, audio/visual maintained by Chris Kirsten of CeeVisk)

(Photo: US troops in the UK ahead of D-Day. Credit: AP)

In April 1944, a German fleet sunk two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died

In April 1944, the Allies planned a rehearsal for D-Day. During the exercise, a German fleet attacked and sunk two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died.

[LISTEN NOW]

Exiled Ayatollah Khomeini Returns To Iran

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In February 1979, after the Shah left Iran, religious leader Ayatollah Khomeini flew back to Tehran from Paris.

He had been in exile and was greeted by millions of people lining the streets.

In 2011, Mohsen Sazegara who worked for the Ayatollah, spoke to Louise Hidalgo.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Ayatollah Khomeini on the flight back from exile. Credit: Gabriel Duval/AFP via Getty Images)

In February 1979, religious leader Ayatollah Khomeini flew back to Tehran from Paris.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In February 1979, after the Shah left Iran, religious leader Ayatollah Khomeini flew back to Tehran from Paris after being in exile.

[LISTEN NOW]

Eyjafjallajokull: The Volcano That Stopped A Continent

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In 2010, a previously little-known Icelandic volcano erupted twice, sending a huge plume of volcanic ash all over Europe.

The ash cloud grounded flights for days, causing disruption for millions of passengers.

Reena Stanton-Sharma talks to Icelandic geophysicist and Eyjafjallajökull-watcher, Sigrun Hreinsdottir. This programme was first broadcast in 2022.

Favela Life: The Diary Of Carolina Maria De Jesus

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Carolina Maria de Jesus was a poor, single mother-of-three who lived in a derelict shack and spent her days scavenging for food.

Her diary, written between 1955 and 1960, brought to life the harsh realities faced by thousands of poor Brazilians who arrived in cities like São Paulo and Rio looking for better opportunities.

In 1960, her diary was published and became a bestseller, turning Carolina into a celebrity.

Her daughter, Vera Eunice de Jesus Lima, spoke to Thomas Pappon in 2020 about how the book changed her family's life.

(Photo: Credit: Carolina Maria de Jesus. National Archives of Brazil)

In 1960, the diary of a poor Brazilian mum became an international bestseller.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1960, the diary of Carolina Maria de Jesus, a poor Brazilian mum, became an international bestseller.

[LISTEN NOW]

Festac '77: Nigeria's Largest Festival Of African Arts And Culture

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In 1977, Nigeria hosted the largest festival of African arts and culture there had ever been. About half a million visitors attended, as well as 16,000 delegates including Stevie Wonder and Miriam Makeba.

Dozens of African nationalities, and people from the African diaspora were represented.

Headed by a military dictatorship, Nigeria spent hundreds of millions of dollars hosting nationwide events and building a new national theatre and festival village in Lagos.

Among those attending was Viola Burley Leak, an African American artist and designer exhibiting her artwork. She shares her experience of the spectacular opening ceremony and late-night revelry with Louis Harnet O'Meara.

An Ember production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Festival welcoming sign. Credit: AP)

The 1977 celebration of African culture that attracted half a million visitors

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1977, Nigeria hosted the largest festival of African arts and culture there had ever been. Performers included Stevie Wonder and Miriam Makeba.

[LISTEN NOW]

Fifty Years Of Abba

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It's 50 years since Swedish pop group Abba won the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest.

The victory provided a platform for the band to become one of the most popular and successful musical groups of all time.

Abba's current manager, Görel Hanser, has been with them every step of the way.

In a rare interview, she speaks to Matt Pintus about the band's meteoric rise to stardom.

She also talks about Abba's break-up, the rumour that they were offered $1 billion to get back together and whether Abba Voyage will move to a new country.

(Photo: ABBA pictured in 1974. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1974, Swedish act Abba won the Eurovision song contest

It's 50 years since Swedish pop group Abba won the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest. Their manager, Görel Hanser, speaks to Matt Pintus about the band's meteoric rise to stardom.

Fight The Power: The Song That Became An Anthem Of Protest

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It's 35 years since the release of one of the most provocative songs in music history.

Fight the Power by hip-hop group, Public Enemy, was radical both politically and sonically.

The song was written at the request of filmmaker, Spike Lee, who needed an anthem for his 1989 movie, Do the Right Thing.

The film became a box office smash and - despite controversy surrounding Public Enemy's image - the song soon became an anthem of protest and rebellion all over the world.

Public Enemy frontman, Chuck D, shares his memories of that time with Matt Pintus.

Finding A Home For Bulgaria's Dancing Bears

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In 1998, brown bears were declared a protected species in Bulgaria and the ancient tradition of forcing them to dance for people's entertainment became illegal.

A veterinarian called Dr Amir Khalil helped establish a bear sanctuary in the country, to look after the retired animals.

In this programme, first broadcast in 2018, he spoke to Farhana Haider.

Finding The Longest Set Of Footprints Left, By The First Vertebrate

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In 1992 off the coast of Ireland, a Swiss geology student accidentally discovered the longest set of footprints made by the first four-legged animals to walk on earth.

They pointed to a new date for the key milestone in evolution when the first amphibians left the water 385 million years ago. The salamander-type animal which was the size of a basset hound lived when County Kerry was semi-arid, long before dinosaurs, as Iwan Stössel explains to Josephine McDermott.

(Picture: Artwork of a primitive tetrapod. Credit: Christian Jegou/ Science Photo Library)

In 1992 a student found a set of fossilised footprints from the earliest vertebrate

While he was mapping rock formations in County Kerry, Ireland, Iwan Stössel stumbled across fossilised footprints from a tetrapod made 385 million years ago.

Finding The Victims Of Stroessner's Paraguay

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It's 70 years since General Alfredo Stroessner seized power in Paraguay in a military coup.

Stroessner remained in power for almost 35 years, before being toppled in 1989.

More than 450 people were murdered under Stroessner's rule, with the fate of thousands more unknown. They are remembered as 'the disappeared' of Paraguay.

One man has dedicated his life to finding the victims of Stroessner's dictatorship, including the remains of his own father.

Rogelio Goiburu shares his story with Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Rogelio Goiburu digging for the remains of Paraguay's 'disappeared'. Credit: Getty Images)

One man has dedicated his life to finding the victims of Paraguay's dictatorship

Rogelio Goiburu has dedicated his life to finding the victims of Alfredo Stroessner's 35 year dictatorship in Paraguay, including the remains of his own father.

Finding The World's Most Complete T-rex Fossil

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On 12 August 1990, the world's most complete skeleton of a Tyrannosaurus rex was found in South Dakota.

Deena Newman speaks to Peter Larson whose team made the landmark discovery.

This programme was first broadcast in 2015.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Picture: The Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton known as Sue. Credit: Mark Wilson/Getty)

In August 1990, a team discovered the most complete T-rex fossil in the world

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In August 1990, the world's most complete skeleton of a Tyrannosaurus rex was discovered in South Dakota.

[LISTEN NOW]

First Internet Cafe

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The first commercial internet cafe opened in London on 1 September 1994.

Eva Pascoe, from Poland, is one of the founders of Cyberia. She claims that Kylie Minogue was amongst the famous visitors and learnt how to use the internet at the cafe.

Eva tells Gill Kearsley the story of how cakes, computers and Kylie came together to make this new venture a success.

(Photo: Surfers at the Cyberia cafe. Credit: Mathieu Polak/Sygma via Getty Images)

Cyberia, billed as the World's first internet cafe opened in London in 1994

On 1 September 1994, the first commercial internet cafe, Cyberia, opened in London. The cafe is said to have had many famous visitors, including Kylie Minogue.

First Spacewalk

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On 18 March 1965, cosmonaut Alexei Leonov became the first person to spacewalk.

He spent around 10 minutes floating above the Earth, tethered to the spaceship by a 5m “umbilical cord ?.

Recalling that moment, he said: “I felt almost insignificant, like a tiny ant compared to the immensity of the universe. At the same time, I felt enormously powerful. ?

But the mission didn't go smoothly. The lack of atmospheric pressure in space had caused the Soviet's spacesuit to inflate and become stiff – meaning he couldn't fit back through the spaceship airlock.

“It had become a dangerous situation. Very dangerous. Life threatening ?, he said.

Vicky Farncombe has been reading and listening to archive interviews with Alexei, who died in 2019, to bring you his dramatic story.

(Photo: Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov. Credit: Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 18 March 1965, cosmonaut Alexei Leonov became the first person to spacewalk, tethered to the spaceship by a 5m “umbilical cord ?.

[LISTEN NOW]

Flavr Savr Tomato: The World's First Genetically-engineered Food

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In 1994, biotech company Calgene brought the world's first genetically-modified food to supermarket shelves.

The Flavr Savr tomato kept fresh for 30 days and could be shipped long distances without going off.

Yet the world was wary of this new food, and it took 10 years and $100m of investment to get it to market.

In 2017, the firm's then-CEO Roger Salquist told Claire Bowes about his mission to revolutionise the world's food.

(Photo: Roger Salquist with a crop of Flavr Savrs. Credit: Richard Gilmore)

In 1994, a tomato became the world's first genetically-engineered food on sale

In 1994, the world saw the first genetically-engineered food on supermarket shelves. It was a tomato called 'Flavr Savr', which stayed fresh for up to 30 days.

Fleeing Afghanistan Alone As A Child

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In 1999, Waheed Arian left his family in Afghanistan to seek refuge in the UK. He was just 15.

He was escaping violence, poverty and the threat of being recruited as a child soldier.

He tells Vicky Farncombe about how a dream of one day becoming a doctor sustained him.

(Photo: Dr Waheed Arian as a child. Credit: Dr Waheed Arian)

Dr Waheed Arian escaped poverty and war in Afghanistan to begin a new life in the UK

Dr Waheed Arian was a child when he left his family and home in Afghanistan to begin a new life in the UK.

[LISTEN NOW]

Franklin D Roosevelt's New Deal

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In 1933, newly-elected US President Franklin D Roosevelt attempted to drag the United States out of the depression with the New Deal.

One of the biggest public spending projects in history, the programme funded hundreds of infrastructure projects and created thousands of jobs.

In 2020, Lucy Burns listened to archive interviews and spoke to author Adam Cohen about how the deal changed American people's lives.

(Photo: US President Franklin D Roosevelt. Credit: Getty)

In 1933, President Roosevelt enacted the New Deal to drag the US out of depression

In 1933, President Franklin D Roosevelt enacted one of the biggest spending projects in history to drag the US out of the Great Depression.

[LISTEN NOW]

Freddie Mercury 'marries' Jane Seymour

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On 5 November, 1985 some of the world's top designers and music stars joined together in a special event at London's Royal Albert Hall to raise money for drought-hit Ethiopia.

The rock star Freddie Mercury and the actress Jane Seymour were chosen to model the bridal collection of David and Elizabeth Emanuel.

Jane Seymour tells Josephine McDermott what it was like to play the role of Freddie Mercury's bride for a fashion spectacular.

(Photo: Jane Seymour and Freddie Mercury at Fashion Aid. Credit: Getty Images)

The actress Jane Seymour shares what it was like being rock star Freddie Mercury's bride

In 1985 some of the biggest names in fashion and music joined together for Fashion Aid. The actress Jane Seymour shares what it was like being rock star Freddie Mercury's bride.

French Child Evacuees Of World War Two

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In August and September 1939, tens of thousands of children began to be evacuated from Paris.

The move, part of France's 'passive defence' tactic, aimed to protect children from the threat of German bombardment.

Colette Martel was just nine when she was taken from Paris to Savigny-Poil-Fol, a small town more than 300km from her home.

She's been speaking to her granddaughter, Carolyn Lamboley, about how her life changed. She particularly remembers how she struggled to fit in with her host family, and how it all changed because of a pair of clogs.

(Photo: Colette (left) with her sister Solange in 1939. Credit: family photo)

In World War Two, tens of thousands of children left Paris to escape the threat of bombs

In World War Two, tens of thousands of children left the French capital to the country, escaping the threat of German bombs. Nine-year-old Colette Martel was among them.

Friends: The Making Of A Smash Hit

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When a new show called Friends hit American TV screens in September 1994, it made household names of its cast.

Over ten series, it charted the lives of six young New Yorkers, through marriages, divorces, births and deaths.

In 2014, executive producer Kevin Bright told Farhana Haider how the show was born - and how it became one of the biggest comedies of all time.

(Picture: The cast on the last ever day of filming. Credit: David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)

Behind the scenes on one of the biggest TV comedies of all time

Executive producer Ken Bright reveals how the series Friends was born. In 1994, the first episodes were broadcast.

G\u00fcrtel Scandal: Spain's Watergate

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For two years, José Luis Peñas risked his life making secret recordings that revealed one of Spain's biggest corruption scandals.

It forced the ruling party from power and brought down Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy in 2018.

José Luis Peñas speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Mariano Rajoy (right) moments after resigning. Credit: Pierre-Philippe Marcou/Pool via Getty Images)

How one man's secret recordings revealed one of Spain's biggest corruption scandals

For two years, José Luis Peñas risked his life making secret recordings that revealed one of Spain's biggest corruption scandals. It would bring down the Prime Minister in 2018.

Geneva Conventions

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In 1859, Swiss businessman Henry Dunant witnessed the Battle of Solferino, in Italy.

He couldn't believe the lack of aid for the wounded soldiers and came up with two ideas – a voluntary aid organisation and an international treaty to protect those injured in wartime.

They went on to become the International Committee of the Red Cross in 1863 and the first Geneva Convention in 1864.

Henry's great great great grand nephew, Gabriel Martinez, read excerpts from his book, A Memory of Solferino, to Rachel Naylor.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Participants representing 16 states during the adoption of the first Geneva Convention on 22 August 1864 in Geneva. Credit: AFP via Getty Images)

In 1864, Henry Dunant came up with a treaty to protect those injured in wartime

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1864, Swiss businessman Henry Dunant came up with an international treaty to protect those injured in wartime.

[LISTEN NOW]

Georgia's Political Crisis

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Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991, the newly independent state Georgia found itself on the verge of a civil war.

Rebel groups in Tbilisi came together to overthrow the newly elected President Zviad Gamsakhurdia, who was forced into hiding.

Gunmen took to the streets and hospitals were overwhelmed.

In 2010, Tom Esslemont spoke to Lamara Vashakidze, a survivor of Georgia's crisis.

(Photo: Two Georgian soldiers stand among bomb-damaged buildings in Tbilisi. Credit: Patrick Robert/Sygma/CORBIS/Sygma via Getty Images)

In 1991, the newly independent country found itself on the verge of a civil war

After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, Georgia was gripped by a political and economic crisis.

German Naturists

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Since the 19th Century, Germans have been bathing nude at the beach.

The naturist movement, known as the FKK, was banned under the Nazis.

People also faced official disapproval during the early years of communist rule in East Germany.

Mike Lanchin spoke to German naturist, Wolfgang Haider, in 2017.

(Picture: Bathers enjoy the beach. Credit: Sean Gallup via Getty Images)

The naturist movement began in Germany at the end of the 19th Century

Germans have been stripping off at the beach for years. The naturist movement is called FKK, an abbreviation of Freikörperkultur, which means 'free body culture'.

[LISTEN NOW]

Germany's 'green Belt'

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In December 1989, Germany's ‘Green Belt' was born.

For more than 40 years, the country had been split by a 1,400km border and, in the decades the so-called ‘death zone' had existed, life flourished everywhere.

In 1989, communism crumbled and, as soon as the borders opened, Kai Frobel knew he needed to act fast to stop farmers and developers.

He called a meeting on 9 December, hoping a few people might come along.

Around 400 people from both sides of the border joined Kai to help create what would become known as Germany's ‘Green Belt', securing life in a place which had been associated with death for decades.

Professor Kai Frobel tells Laura Jones about growing up near the fortified GDR border and why it's such a special place for rare species of birds and animals.

(Photo: Kai Frobel on the former border between East and West Germany. Credit: BUND Kompetenzzentrum)

In December 1989, environmentalists met to secure the future of Germany's 'Green Belt

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

For more than 40 years, Germany was split by a 1,400km border and, in the decades the so-called ‘death zone' had existed, life flourished everywhere.

[LISTEN NOW]

Giant Gonzalez: From Nba Star To Wwe Wrestler

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In 1988, Jorge Gonzalez was a basketball star in Argentina and became the first athlete from this country drafted by an NBA team, the Atlanta Hawks. He was over 2.5m tall due to gigantism, which led to big day-to-day challenges like finding shoes his size. But it also gave him great opportunities.

The Atlanta Hawks' never put Jorge on the court because he was too heavy to play. But the owner of the team, Ted Turner, proposed an alternative for Jorge, to wrestle for World Championship Wrestling, a predecessor of WWE.

Julio Lamas was one of Jorge's coach in Argentina, and Bill Alfonso was a wrestling referee and Jorge's assistant. They tell Stefania Gozzer about Jorge's rise in both sports and the difficulties he faced.

(Photo: Jorge Gonzalez visiting the Atlanta Hawks. Credit: AP photo/Neil Brake)

Jorge Gonzalez was the first Argentinian in an NBA draft. How did he end up wrestling?

In 1988, Jorge Gonzalez became the first Argentinian drafted by an NBA team. But after failing to lose weight, the team's owner proposed an alternative: wrestling.

Gina Lollobrigida Interviews Fidel Castro

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Gina Lollobrigida was one of the biggest stars of European cinema in the 1950s and 1960s. Often described as 'the most beautiful woman in the world', her films included Beat the Devil, the Hunchback of Notre Dame and Crossed Swords.

She was fawned over by Howard Hughes, one of the world's richest men, and co-starred alongside the likes of Humphrey Bogart, Frank Sinatra, Rock Hudson and Errol Flynn.

But later in life, she reinvented herself as an artist and photographer. In 1974, she secured an exclusive photo shoot and interview with Cuban leader Fidel Castro, during which he gave her his watch as a gift. Ben Henderson tells her story using BBC archive.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Gina Lollobrigida in 2008. Credit: Marco Di Lauro/Getty Images)

In 1974, the Italian film icon secured an exclusive interview with the Cuban leader

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1974, the Italian film icon secured an exclusive interview with the Cuban leader, during which he gave her his watch as a gift.

[LISTEN NOW]

Gloria Steinem: The Start Of Ms. Magazine

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In 1972, feminist campaigner Gloria Steinem co-founded the first magazine in the US which was owned, run and written by women.

Called Ms. Magazine, it covered issues including equal rights, abortion and domestic violence. The glossy covers helped bring feminism into the mainstream.

In 2022, Gloria Steinem told Louise Hidalgo that it's one of the projects of which she's most proud.

(Photo: Gloria Steinem at the office of Ms. Magazine. Credit: PL Gould/IMAGES/Getty Images)

In 1972, Gloria Steinem co-founded Ms. Magazine in the United States

Ms. Magazine was the first publication in the US to be owned, run and written by women. Gloria Steinem was one of the founders.

[LISTEN NOW]

Glp-1: A Breakthrough For Diabetes And Obesity

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In the 1980s, scientists made a discovery that would eventually lead to the development of drugs now used worldwide to treat diabetes and to help people manage obesity through weight loss injections.

One of the key scientists behind this breakthrough was Svetlana Mojsov. She discovered that a hormone called GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) plays an important role in how our bodies respond to food.

Svetlana's work laid the foundation for a drug company to develop treatments based on GLP-1 — first for type 2 diabetes, and later for weight loss. She tells Gill Kearsley her story.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Injection pens. Credit: Carsten Snejbjerg/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

In the 1980s, a scientific breakthrough paved the way for new treatments

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Scientists in the 1980s made a discovery that would one day lead to drugs now used around the world to treat diabetes and help people lose weight.

[LISTEN NOW]

Goodluck Jonathan's Phone Call That Changed Nigeria

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In 2015 Goodluck Jonathan became the first Nigerian president to concede election defeat. It allowed the transfer of power to the opposition party in Africa's biggest democracy - a country that had hitherto experienced vote-rigging and violence.

His special adviser on media and publicity Dr Reuben Abati tells Josephine McDermott about the moment when the president phoned his opponent Muhammadu Bahari to congratulate him on winning the election.

(Photo: President Goodluck Jonathan and Gen Muhammadu Buhari before the 2015 election. Credit: Getty Images)

President Goodluck Jonathan's call to Muhammadu Buhari to concede election defeat in 2015

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2015 Goodluck Jonathan became the first Nigerian president to concede election defeat. His former media aide describes the historic moment.

[LISTEN NOW]

Greece's Debt Crisis

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It was a week that brought the future of Greece and the Eurozone to the brink. Ten years ago, on 6 July the Greek people voted against the terms of a financial bailout which included raising taxes and slashing welfare spending.

Greece owed €323bn to various countries and banks within Europe. Its banks were closed. A quarter of the population and half of Greece's young people were unemployed.

The morning after the vote, Euclid Tsakalotos was brought in to replace Yanis Varoufakis as finance minister. His predecessor had accused European leaders of “terrorism ? in their handling of the crisis. Parachuted in to last-ditch talks with angry European leaders, Euclid Tsakalotos describes to Josephine McDermott the make-or-break 17-hour summit in Brussels.

He reveals that when Angela Merkel, the leader of Greece's biggest lender Germany, said she was leaving the room because she could not accept what was on the table, Donald Tusk, president of the European Council, actually locked the door to stop her leaving and force an agreement to be reached.

On 6 July 2015, the Greek people decisively rejected the terms of a financial bailout

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 6 July 2015, the Greek people voted against the terms of a financial bailout which included raising taxes and slashing welfare spending.

[LISTEN NOW]

Guatemala's Disappeared

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More than 200,000 people were killed during Guatemala's 36-year civil war between the military and left-wing rebels which ended in 1996.

Of these, an estimated 45,000 people were forcibly disappeared, their bodies buried in unmarked pits.

Jeremias Tecu's two brothers were among the disappeared.

They went missing after a family party in 1981.

Jeremias tells Vicky Farncombe how his mother put herself in danger trying to find out what happened to them.

(Photo: Jeremias Tecu. Credit: Jeremias Tecu)

Jeremias Tecu's two brothers are among the thousands who disappeared in Guatemala

Jeremias Tecu's two brothers are among the thousands who disappeared during Guatemala's civil war. They went missing after a family party in 1981.

Guinea Stadium Massacre

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On 28 September 2009, around 50,0000 people took part in a rally to protest reported plans by military leader Moussa Dadis Camara to stand in the presidential election.

It started peacefully, until troops, under Camara's rule entered the stadium and opened fire, killing more than 150 people.

Many others were left scarred, and women raped.

Asmaou Diallo's son Aly was one of those killed that day, she's been telling Megan Jones how she's been campaigning for justice ever since.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Aly with his nieces and nephew. Credit: Asmaou Diallo)

On 28 September 2009, troops opened fire on around 50,000 protesters

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 28 September 2009, around 50,0000 people took part in a rally. They were protesting reported plans by military leader Moussa Dadis Camara to stand in the presidential election.

[LISTEN NOW]

Handover Of Macau

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In 1999, the small territory of Macau was handed back to China after centuries of Portuguese rule.

Lawyer and comedian Miguel Senna Fernandes was a member of the Macau Legislative Council and involved in the historic handover.

He tells Ashley Byrne the emotions he felt as he saw the Portuguese flag being taken down from the Government Palace.

A Made in Manchester production.

Harold Riley's 'one Of A Kind' Portrait Of Nelson Mandela

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Harold Riley was the only artist in the world granted a sitting to capture Nelson Mandela on canvas. The unique portrait was unveiled in 2005 and raised over $1m for South African children's charities at an auction held at the Rockefeller Centre in New York.

Mandela sat for the English artist six times in Cape Town and Johannesburg over 18 months which Harold Riley described as 'one of the greatest experiences' of his life.

This programme was produced and presented by Reena Stanton-Sharma using archive.

(Photo: Harold Riley's portrait of Nelson Mandela. Credit: Stephen Lovekin/WireImage for AOL Time Warner - Corporate Communications)

A specially commissioned portrait of Nelson Mandela by Harold Riley was unveiled in 2005

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Only one only artist was ever granted a sitting to capture Nelson Mandela on canvas, and that was British painter Harold Riley.

[LISTEN NOW]

Heathers: The Making Of A Cult Classic

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In 1989, a dark teen comedy exploring self-harm and suicide flopped at cinemas.

Heathers would have to wait years before achieving cult status through home video tape releases.

Its stark portrayal of teenage life launched an age of more radical teen movies.

Actress Lisanne Falk played one of the ‘Heathers', a titular trio of girls who ruled their school, until someone started taking them down.

She tells Drew Hyndman about Heathers' journey to cult classic.

In 1989, dark comedy Heathers was released and changed the teen movie genre

In 1989, dark comedy Heathers flopped at the cinema. Over the next decade, it became a word-of-mouth hit that symbolised a new genre of teen movie.

[LISTEN NOW]

Helen Fielding: The Creator Of Bridget Jones

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In 1995, a single 30-something woman with big knickers and blue soup first appeared in a weekly column, published by British newspaper The Independent.

Initially written anonymously by journalist Helen Fielding, Bridget Jones quickly became a cultural icon, as she tried to make sense of life and love.

The book, Bridget Jones's Diary, became a best-seller in 1996 and the character has gone on to feature in three more books and four films.

Although, some people don't agree with Bridget's obsession with her size and men, her relatability is a hit with many.

Bridget's creator Helen Fielding looks back, with Megan Jones, at how one column, published 30 years ago, turned into a cultural phenomenon.

Clips featured in the programme are from the film, Bridget Jones's Diary. The production companies behind it were Working Title Films, Universal Pictures, Miramax and StudioCanal. It was directed by Sharon Maguire.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Helen Fielding at a book signing. Credit: Fred Duval/FilmMagic)

In 1995, a single 30-something woman first appeared in a weekly newspaper column

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1995, a single 30-something woman appeared in a weekly newspaper column. Thirty years on, Bridget Jones has become a cultural icon through bestselling books and hit films.

[LISTEN NOW]

Hillsborough Disaster

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On 15 April 1989, there was a crowd crush at a football match in Sheffield, England, which led to the death of 97 fans.

It was the semi-final of the FA Cup between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest and the worst sporting disaster in UK history.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Jenni Hicks, whose daughters died in the disaster.

This programme contains distressing details.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: . Credit: )

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Hiroo Onoda, Japan's Last Ww2 Soldier To Surrender

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Hiroo Onoda was an Imperial Japanese Army intelligence officer who spent nearly 30 years in the Philippine jungle, believing World War Two was still going on.

Using his training in guerilla warfare, he attacked and killed people living on Lubang Island, mistakenly believing them to be enemy soldiers.

He was finally persuaded to surrender in 1974 when his former commander, Yoshimi Taniguchi, found him and gave him and order.

In a televised ceremony, Hiroo presented his sword to the then Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos.

President Marcos returned the sword and gave him a full presidential pardon and told him he admired his courage.

Hiroo died in January 2014 at the age of 91.

This programme was produced and presented by Vicky Farncombe, using BBC archive.

(Photo: Hiroo Onoda steps out of the jungle. Credit: Getty Images)

Hiroo Onoda spent 30 years fighting in the jungle, believing the war was still going on

Hiroo Onoda was an Imperial Japanese Army intelligence officer who fought in World War Two and did not surrender at the war's end in August 1945.

Hitler's Teeth

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On 8 May 1945, Yelena Rzhevskaya was handed a small box covered in red satin.

The box once held perfume but now inside - so she says - are Adolf Hitler's teeth.

Yelena would later claim this would be the beginning of the search for Hitler's dental records and with it, official confirmation that the Soviet Red Army had found the burnt corpse of the German leader.

According to her memoir, the hunt would take the young war interpreter on a car ride through Berlin in the dying days of World War Two.

And, Yelena says, what happened would be a secret she would have to keep for 20 years.

Her granddaughter Lyubov Summ talks to Jane Wilkinson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Teeth said by experts to be Adolf Hitler's teeth, Moscow, 2000. Credit: Sergei Karpukhin/Reuters)

In 1945 a search begins for Hitler's dentist to prove the F\u00fchrer's corpse is genuine.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1945 a search begins for Hitler's dentist to prove the Führer's burnt corpse is genuine. A Russian war interpreter, Yelena Rzhevskaya, claims she is put in charge of his teeth.

[LISTEN NOW]

How A Billion Indians Got A Digital Id

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In 2009, the Indian government embarked on an ambitious task to register all of the country's billion-plus citizens with a unique digital ID.

Aadhaar - which means foundation in many Indian languages - became the world's largest ever biometrics project.

It allowed millions of people to open bank accounts or access a mobile connection for the very first time.

But the project also attracted considerable opposition from privacy advocates and civil rights groups, who brought a case that went all the way to India's Supreme Court.

Dan Hardoon speaks to Nandan Nilekani, who chaired the Aadhaar project.

How A Brazilian Flip-flop Took Over The World

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In 1962, a new brand of footwear launched that would become one of Brazil's most successful and best-known exports: Havaianas. As the country's footwear industry started to expand, one company wanted to make something that was comfortable, inexpensive, and ideal for South America's long hot summers.

Havaianas soon became the favourite of the working class because of their affordability. Fast forward almost forty years and they featured on catwalks in Paris and Oscar goody bags in Hollywood, a surprisingly journey from their modest beginnings as the choice of farmers, builders, and tyre fitters.

Johnny I'Anson has been speaking to former employee and author Sergio Sanchez about the birth of a humble flip-flop, and how they became a global success story selling 250 million pairs a year.

(Photo: Rows of brightly coloured Havaianas flip-flops. Credit: Miguel Schincariol/AFP via Getty Images)

Havaianas has become one of the country's most successful and best-known exports

In 1962, a firm in Brazil set out to design comfortable, inexpensive shoes for the country's long hot summers. Havaianas' flip-flops were born, and soon became a global success.

How A Maasai Community In Kenya Overcame A Deadly Drought

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In 2013, after losing most of their cattle, a Maasai community in Kajiado County formed an organisation to protect their land and culture.

It's called ‘Ildalalekutuk Maasai Action for Development' and was formed by Dalmas Tiampati.

The aim is to help the community become more resilient and looking for ways to protect the culture.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Dalmas Tiampati. Credit: Maasai Action for Development)

In 2013, after losing most of their cattle, herders in Kajiado County came up with a plan

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2013, after losing most of their cattle, a community in Kajiado County formed an organisation to protect their land and culture.

[LISTEN NOW]

How A Young Mother Was Saved From Death, By Stoning

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In March 2002, a young Nigerian Muslim woman was sentenced to death by stoning for adultery and conceiving a child out of wedlock.

Amina Lawal's case attracted huge international attention and highlighted divisions between the Christian and Muslim regions in the country.

Hauwa Ibrahim, one of the first female lawyers from northern Nigeria, defended Amina and helped her secure an acquittal.

The case would have very personal consequences for Hauwa who went on to adopt Amina's daughter.

She tells Vicky Farncombe how the ground-breaking case also changed attitudes in Nigeria towards defendants from poor, rural communities.

(Photo: Hauwa Ibrahim (left) with Amina Lawal, Credit: Getty Images)

In 2003, human rights lawyer Hauwa Ibrahim defended Amina Lawal from death by stoning

Amina Lawal was sentenced to death by stoning for having a child out of wedlock. Human rights lawyer Hauwa Ibrahim found an unusual way to defend her.

How Air Jordans Were Created

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In 1984, Nike signed rookie basketball player Michael Jordan and created a shoe in his name – the Air Jordan.

The unprecedented deal would change sports marketing forever.

Former executive Sonny Vaccaro was the man who persuaded his bosses to put all their marketing budget on one untried player.

He became convinced of Michael's talent after seeing him make the winning shot in a college game.

He tells Vicky Farncombe about the challenges of persuading Michael – an Adidas fan – to sign, and how the Air Jordan's controversial black and red colour scheme upset the National Basketball Association (NBA).

(Photo: Air Jordans. Credit: Getty)

The story of how Nike signed basketballer Michael Jordan and launched Air Jordans

Former Nike executive Sonny Vaccaro describes the deal to sign rookie player Michael Jordan, and how it changed sports marketing.

How Ayia Napa Became A Clubbing Capital

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In the 1990s, Ayia Napa, in Cyprus, went from quiet fishing village to party resort.

The Kool Club was one of the first nightclubs to open in 1995.

Rachel Naylor speaks to founder and DJ Nick Power, the 'godfather of Ayia Napa'.

(Photo: The Kool Club, in Ayia Napa. Credit: Nick Power)

How Bloodshed In Selma Led To The Us Voting Rights Act 1965

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In March 1965, hundreds of peaceful civil rights protesters in Selma were brutally beaten by Alabama state troops.

They had been marching to demonstrate against the denial of voting rights to Black Americans.

The bloodshed in Selma prompted President Lyndon B Johnson to push for the Voting Rights Act of 1965, one of the most significant pieces of legislation ever passed by Congress.

The landmark Act was brought in to tackle racial discrimination during elections and to guarantee the rights of African Americans to vote.

Farhana Haider has been listening to the archive.

A version of this programme was first broadcast in 2020.

[LISTEN NOW]

How Brics Got Its Name

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In 2001, a few months after 9/11, economist Jim O'Neill was working at Goldman Sachs when he wrote a report about which countries might become big players in the world economy.

That's when he came up with the name BRIC - short for Brazil, Russia, India and China.

At first, nothing much happened.

But in 2009, those countries took his idea and ran with it, holding their first summit.

Since then, the group has grown, adding South Africa to form BRICS.

There are now 11 members, and it's been making headlines again, as U.S President Donald Trump threatens tariffs.

Jim O'Neill speaks to Megan Jones about coming up with the acronym almost by accident and how he didn't think he'd still be talking about it almost 25 years later.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Jim O'Neill. Credit: Jim O'Neill)

In 2001, economist Jim O'Neill wrote a report on countries set to shape the world economy

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2001, economist Jim O'Neill wrote a report identifying Brazil, Russia, India and China as future global players. In 2009, they held their first summit.

[LISTEN NOW]

How Brics Got Its Name

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In 2001, a few months after 9/11, economist Jim O'Neill was working at Goldman Sachs when he wrote a report about which countries might become big players in the world economy.

That's when he came up with the name BRIC - short for Brazil, Russia, India and China.

At first, nothing much happened.

But in 2009, those countries took his idea and ran with it, holding their first summit.

Since then, the group has grown, adding South Africa to form BRICS.

There are now 11 members, and it's been making headlines again, as U.S President Donald Trump threatens tariffs.

Jim O'Neill speaks to Megan Jones about coming up with the acronym almost by accident and how he didn't think he'd still be talking about it almost 25 years later.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Jim O'Neill. Credit: Jim O'Neill)

In 2001, economist Jim O'Neill wrote a report on countries set to shape the world economy

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2001, economist Jim O'Neill wrote a report identifying Brazil, Russia, India and China as future global players. In 2009, they held their first summit.

[LISTEN NOW]

How Canc\u00fan Became A Tourist Destination

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In 1969, Antonio Enríquez Savignac was given the go-ahead to transform a secluded Mexican island into a world-beating tourist destination.

The technocrat believed tourism was a cost effective solution for fixing the country's faltering economy.

He was given funding from the Mexican federal government to create infrastructure on the island, including an airport.

The resort would be called Cancún.

More than 50 years later, Cancún welcomes more than 20 million guests to its shores every year, with over 30,000 hotels scattered across the island.

However, the island has become a crime hotspot and there are major pollution problems in the area.

Antonio's son, Juan Enríquez, shares his memories with Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Cancún. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1969, Antonio Enr\u00edquez Savignac started building Canc\u00fan

How a strip of secluded Mexican island was transformed into one of the most popular holiday destinations in the world. Cancún now welcomes more 20 million guests every year.

How Greece Got Rid Of Their King

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In 1974, Greece held a referendum to decide the future of the country's monarchy, and whether Constantine II would remain their king.

Constantine had come to the throne in 1964, but he'd inherited a divided country. Political divisions, between the left and right, ran deep.

In 1967, a group of army officers launched a coup, and Constantine fled into exile in England. When the military regime collapsed seven years later, the new government called a referendum to decide the fate of the country.

Some of the population supported the king, but many thought the monarchy was outdated and irrelevant.

Finally, in December, 1974, four and a half million people went to the polls to cast their vote. The result was two to one in favour of a republic. Constantine had lost his crown.

Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the BBC archives to find out more.

(Photo: The wedding of King Constantine and Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark, Athens, 1964. Credit: Central Press/Getty Images)

In a 1974 referendum, the Greek people voted two to one in favour of becoming a republic

In a 1974 referendum, the Greek people voted two to one in favour of becoming a republic. The result meant King Constantine lost the crown which had been in his family since 1863.

[LISTEN NOW]

'how I Sold My Clothes And Created $5 Billion Vinted Empire'

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In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes when she was moving out.

She told her friend Justas Janauskas and together they came up with a website to sell them.

It later became Vinted, the online marketplace, which now has more than 500 million items listed for sale across 23 countries.

Milda speaks to Rachel Naylor and tells her that they originally forgot to add a ‘buy' button.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Milda Mitkutė. Credit: Vinted)

In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkut\u0117 realised she had too many clothes

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes and decided to sell them.

[LISTEN NOW]

'how I Sold My Clothes And Created A $5 Billion Vinted Empire'

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20250906 (WS)

In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes when she was moving out.

She told her friend Justas Janauskas and together they came up with a website to sell them.

It later became Vinted, the online marketplace, which now has more than 500 million items listed for sale across 23 countries.

Milda speaks to Rachel Naylor and tells her that they originally forgot to add a ‘buy' button.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Milda Mitkutė. Credit: Vinted)

In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkut\u0117 realised she had too many clothes

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes and decided to sell them.

[LISTEN NOW]

How Lagos Fashion Week Began

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In 2011, Lagos Fashion Week debuted, putting Nigerian style on the map.

Omoyemi Akerele founded the event which helped to launch the careers of designers internationally.

It has grown into a major fashion event and won the 2025 Earthshot Prize for sustainability.

In 2023, Omoyemi Akerele spoke to Reena Stanton-Sharma about the first show.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Founder of the Lagos Fashion and Design Week Omoyemi Akerele. Credit: Pius Utomi Ekpei/afp via Getty Images)

In 2011, the event debuted, putting Nigerian style on the map

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2011, the event debuted, putting Nigerian style on the map. It has grown into a major fashion event and won the 2025 Earthshot Prize for sustainability.

[LISTEN NOW]

How Lake Karla In Greece Was Drained

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Lake Karla supported hundreds of families in Thessaly, providing fish for all of the region and beyond.

Christos and Ioanna Kotsikas grew up on the shores of the wetland and have mixed memories of the lake. They too lived off its fish, but they were also victims of its floods.

The lake was drained by the Greek Government in 1962, destroying a vital ecosystem.

In 2023, when torrential rain poured over Thessaly, the lake was restored – but the region was devastated.

Christos and Ioanna Kotsikas speak to Maria Margaronis.

(Photo: Lake Karla. Credit: Maria Margaronis)

In 1962, Thessaly's Lake Karla was drained by the Greek government

Christos and Ioanna Kotsikas grew up near Lake Karla. They remember living off the lake's fish and recall the wetland being drained by the Greek Government in 1962.

How Nfl Tickets Caught Fugitives

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Operation Flagship was a U.S Marshals sting operation, where some of Washington DC's most wanted fugitives, were lured to a convention centre under the pretence of having won coveted NFL tickets in December 1985.

Upon their arrival, they were greeted by cheerleaders and mascots – all law enforcement officers in disguise. It led to one of America's most successful mass arrests with more than 100 people being arrested.

Former US Marshal Stacia Hylton was one of the ‘cheerleaders'. She tells Uma Doraiswamy how the plan came together.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Operation Flagship invite sent out to fugitives. Credit: United States Marshals Museum)

When Washington DC's most wanted were captured under the guise of winning NFL tickets

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 15 December 1985, U.S Marshals conducted a sting operation, where some of Washington DC's most wanted fugitives, were captured under the pretence of having won NFL tickets.

[LISTEN NOW]

How Nuclear Testing Changed Politics In French Polynesia

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It's 20 years since elections in French Polynesia in 2004, where the independence movement stunned the France-aligned government of the day, propelling pro-independence leader Oscar Temaru to the presidency.

It was a landmark in the country's politics, where protests against French rule had increased due to the practice of using Polynesian islands for nuclear tests.

Antony Geros, who helped lead the independence movement, recounts that night to Lizzy Kinch.

This is a Whistledown production for BBC World Service.

How Rang De Basanti Inspired A Generation

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Released on India's Republic Day in January 2006, the Hindi film Rang De Basanti, exploded onto the cultural landscape.

In its first week, it shattered box office records and inspired thousands of young Indians to pour into the streets, marching for justice.

The movie's message became a rallying cry, sparking conversations about patriotism, political apathy, and the belief that ordinary people can drive extraordinary change.

Reena Stanton-Sharma speaks to screenwriter Kamlesh Pandey, about his passion project which took years to bring to the big screen.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Amir Khan who starred in Rang De Basanti wearing a T-shirt with the film's slogan in 2005. Credit: Sebastian D'souza/AFP via Getty Images)

Rang De Basanti was released in 2006 exploding onto the cultural landscape

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Hindi film Rang De Basanti exploded onto the cultural landscape in India when it was released in 2006. It shattered box office records and inspired thousands to fight for change.

[LISTEN NOW]

How Rosa Parks Took A Stand Against Racism

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Rosa Parks was brought up in Alabama during the Jim Crow era, when state laws enforced segregation in practically all aspects of daily life.

Public schools, water fountains, trains and buses all had to have separate facilities for white people and black people.

As a passionate civil rights activist, Rosa was determined to change this.

In December 1955, she was travelling home from the department store where she worked as a seamstress.

When a white passenger boarded the bus, Rosa was told to give up her seat.

Her refusal to do so and subsequent arrest sparked a bus boycott in the city of Montgomery, led by Dr Martin Luther King.

Using BBC interviews with Rosa and Dr King, Vicky Farncombe tells how Rosa's story changed civil rights history and led to the end of segregation.

This programme includes outdated and offensive language.

(Photo: Rosa Parks sitting on a bus. Credit: Getty Images)

Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her bus seat helped end segregation in the United States

In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus for a white passenger and sparked the end of segregation in the United States.

How The Air Fryer Was Invented

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In 2006, Dutch engineer Fred van der Weij invented a kitchen device that changed the way many of us cook today: the air fryer.

Fred's first prototype was nearly as big as a dog kennel and made of wood and aluminium, with a chicken wire basket. It was only a partial success.

But Fred was certain he could make the machine work thanks to an idea he patented called rapid air technology.

Four years later, and after several more prototypes, Fred took his invention to the electronics company, Philips, and signed a deal.

Today, there are many other air fryer brands and models, and by the end of 2024, it's estimated 80 million will have been sold around the world.

Fred died of cancer in 2022 but his daughter Suus van der Weij witnessed the development of his invention. She told Jane Wilkinson about the family's pride in her father.

(Photo: Fred van der Weij with his prototypes. Credit: van der Weij family)

In 2006, Dutch inventor Fred van der Weij cooked up an idea for a new kitchen device

In 2006, Dutch engineer Fred van der Weij invented a kitchen device that changed the way many of us cook today. Fred's first air fryer was as big as a dog kennel and made of wood.

How The Bosnian War Ended

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The Dayton Peace Accords were signed on the 21 November 1995, ending the three-and-a-half-year war in Bosnia.

The war was part of the break-up of Yugoslavia; it is estimated that 100,000 people were killed.

In 2010, Lucy Williamson spoke to Milan Milutinović who was one of the leading negotiators for the Serbian delegation about the final 24 hours of negotiations.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: President Slobodan Milosevic of Serbia (left), President Alija Izetbegovic of Bosnia-Herzegovina and President Franjo Tudjman of Croatia sign the Dayton Agreement. Credit: Paul J Richards/AFP via Getty Images)

On 21 November 1995, the Dayton Peace accords were signed

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

How The Cia Caught 'carlos The Jackal'

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Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, known as ‘Carlos the Jackal', carried out bombings, killings and kidnappings.

Born in Venezuela, he was considered one of the most notorious political militants of the 1970s and 80s.

After years on the run, he was captured in the Sudanese capital Khartoum in 1994.

Former CIA operative Billy Waugh tracked him down.

He spoke to Alex Last in 2014, before his death in 2023.

(Photo: Ilich Ramirez Sanchez, aka 'Carlos'. Credit: Thomas Coex / AFP via Getty Images)

One of the world's most wanted men had been on the run for decades.

Venezuelan militant Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, known as 'Carlos the Jackal', was once the world's most wanted fugitive. He was captured in the Sudanese capital Khartoum in 1994.

How The Hoverboard Was Created

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It was Back to the Future II that made a generation of children dream of travelling by hoverboard.

In the 1989 film, the hero Marty McFly escapes from his arch nemesis Biff by jumping on a flying skateboard.

But it wasn't until 2011 that inventor Shane Chen came up with the next best thing – a motorised skateboard that moves intuitively and gives the rider a feeling of floating.

The creation became the must-have toy of 2015 and social media was flooded with videos of celebrities trying it out.

But the hoverboard never brought riches for Shane. He tells Vicky Farncombe how cheap knock-offs stole his profits and caused fires and accidents.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

How The Milgram 'obedience' Experiment Shocked The World

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In 1961, the American psychologist Stanley Milgram began a series of controversial experiments on ‘obedience to authority'.

His study aimed to show how ordinary people could be capable of committing evil acts, if ordered to do so.

He wanted to understand the psychology behind genocide, telling the BBC: “How is it possible that ordinary people who were courteous and decent in everyday life, can act callously, inhumanely, without any limitations of conscience? ?

During the tests, participants were led to believe that they were assisting an unrelated experiment, in which they had to administer electric shocks to another person.

These fake shocks gradually increased to levels that would have been harmful had they been real volunteers.

Vicky Farncombe looks back at the experiment, using BBC archive.

This programme includes original recordings of the experiments which listeners may find disturbing.

(Photo: Stanley Milgram beside the shock generator. Credit: BBC)

The study aimed to test whether 'ordinary' people were capable of committing evil acts

In 1961, the psychologist Stanley Milgram began a series of experiments to understand whether 'ordinary' people could commit evil acts if ordered to do so.

How The Philippines Saved Jews During World War Two

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On 15 September 1935, following the introduction of the Nuremberg Laws in Nazi Germany, seven year old Lotte Hershfield and her family left their home in Breslau, which was part of Germany and is now known as Wroclaw in Poland.

Their journey took them across continents by ship, train and on horse and cart.

They eventually arrived in Manila, the capital of the Philippines, one of the few places welcoming Jewish refugees fleeing persecution.

As they rebuilt their lives, Japan launched a surprise attack on Pearl Harbour and soon after, invaded the Philippines.

When United States forces eventually reclaimed the islands, Lotte and her family once again packed up their lives, this time settling in Baltimore, Maryland.

Now aged 94, Lotte has been sharing the memories of her life in Manila with Megan Jones.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Lotte Hershfield. Credit: Lotte Hershfield)

In 1935, after the Nuremberg Laws were passed, Manila opened its doors to Jewish families

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1935, after the Nuremberg Laws were introduced, Manila offered refuge to Jews fleeing persecution. Years later, their lives changed again when Pearl Harbour was attacked.

[LISTEN NOW]

How The Qr Code Was Invented

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In 1994, bar codes were in widespread use in businesses around the world, but the Japanese car component company, Denso Wave, wanted something quicker.

So they asked one of their engineers, Masahiro Hara, to come up with a solution.

After playing his favourite board game, Go, he came back with an idea.

He designed a black and white square of data that was fast, practical, and could handle more than 200 times the information contained in a barcode.

It was called the Quick Response code, or QR for short. And today it's used, in some form, by millions of us around the world every day.

Masahiro Hara tells Jane Wilkinson about his pride in his invention.

(Photo: A QR code connecting to the Witness History episode about... QR codes! Credit: BBC)

In 1994 Japanese engineer Masahiro Hara designed a square of data, now known as a QR code

In 1994, Japanese engineer Masahiro Hara designed a black and white square of data that's used, in some form, by millions of us every day. It was the first Quick Response code.

[LISTEN NOW]

How To Win Friends And Influence People

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In 1936, Dale Carnegie wrote one of the world's most popular self help books - How to Win Friends and Influence People.

The idea was suggested by a book editor who had attended one of Dale's public speaking courses in New York.

The result was a mix of psychology, philosophy and good old-fashioned common sense. Dale offered advice like: Smile. Give praise. Be a good listener. And remember people's names.

The book went on to become a best seller. Today, more than 30 million copies have been sold worldwide, and it's been translated into 36 languages. Even the title is part of popular culture.

Dale's daughter Donna Dale Carnegie tells Jane Wilkinson about the secret of its success.

In 1936 Dale Carnegie wrote the self help book - How to Win Friends and Influence People

In 1936 Dale Carnegie wrote one of the world's most popular self help books - How to Win Friends and Influence People. Today, more than 30 million copies have been sold globally.

(Photo: How to Win Friends and Influence People in 1955. Credit: Frederic Hamilton/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Hunting The Unabomber

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During a 17-year bombing campaign, an elusive terrorist known as the Unabomber killed three and injured 23 Americans.

In 1995, he contacted The New York Times and The Washington Post promising to stop his terror attacks if they published his 35,000-word manifesto. The document explained his aim: to dismantle modern industrial society.

On the advice of the FBI and the Attorney General, the newspapers published the manifesto, which led to the Unabomber's downfall.

Dr Kathleen Puckett was an FBI agent who uncovered his identity. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Theodore 'Ted' Kaczynski in custody. Credit: Michael Macor/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)

In September 1995, US newspapers controversially published a terrorist's manifesto

In September 1995, US newspapers controversially published a terrorist's manifesto. It led to the end of his 17-year bombing campaign which killed three and injured 23 Americans.

[LISTEN NOW]

'i Created Masterchef'

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In 1990, a cookery programme launched on BBC TV that would become a global phenomenon.

Today, Masterchef airs in 70 countries around the world and has an estimated audience of one billion people.

British film director Franc Roddam tells Vicky Farncombe how the idea for Masterchef came to him after he heard Hollywood bigwigs - including Mel Brooks - mocking British food.

He wanted to prove that the UK was a nation of talented home cooks - like his mum who was feted for her stew and dumplings.

I Designed Hello Kitty

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In 1974 an unknown Japanese artist put pen to paper and created a character that would go on to be worth more than $80 billion.

The illustration was titled ‘Unknown White Cat' but you will probably know it better as Hello Kitty.

The artist, Yuko Shimizu, designed Hello Kitty while she was working for the firm Sanrio.

Fast forward 50 years and Yuko's friendly feline has been on a fair few adventures including going to space and becoming Japan's ambassador for tourism.

Yuko tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty the secrets behind Hello Kitty's ‘cuteness' and introduces her latest character, the stylish French bulldog Rebecca Bonbon.

(Photo: Hello Kitty. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1974, a Japanese artist created a character who is now worth more than $80 billion

'i Designed The Indian Rupee Symbol'

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In 2009, the Indian government launched a national competition to find a design for the Indian rupee.

With more than 3,000 entries and five finalists, the winning design was announced on 15 July 2010.

The designer was by Udaya Kumar Dharmalingam, a student at the Industrial Design Centre at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Udaya Kumar Dharmalingam on 15 July 2010. Credit: Abhijit Bhatlekar/Mint via Getty Images)

On 15 July 2010, India announced its official currency symbol

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2010, Udaya Kumar Dharmalingam won the national competition to design the Indian rupee symbol.

[LISTEN NOW]

I Found The First Dinosaur Remains In Antarctica

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Argentinian geologist Eduardo Olivero became the first scientist to find the remains of a dinosaur in Antarctica in 1986. But digging in frozen ground is not easy, so recovering them took several trips over a decade.

Eduardo had to work with discretion and hide the fossils a couple of times to prevent other scientists from taking away his discovery. It was later proven the dinosaur is a new kind of Ankylosaurus that now carries his name: Antarctopelta oliveroi.

He speaks to Stefania Gozzer about the challenges he faced working below freezing point in Antarctica and the friendly rivalries that rise in such a remote environment.

(Photo: Eduardo with the first remains he found in Antarctica. Credit: Eduardo Olivero)

In 1986, Argentinian geologist Eduardo Olivero discovered a new kind of Ankylosaurus

In 1986, Argentinian geologist Eduardo Olivero found the first remains of a dinosaur in Antarctica. But he had to work discreetly, hiding the fossils to protect his discovery.

[LISTEN NOW]

I Led The 'umbrella' Protests

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On the 26 September 2014 Nathan Law stood on a makeshift stage outside Hong Kong's central government complex and chanted ‘Democracy Now' and ‘Freedom' into a microphone.

He was leading hundreds of protesters who had gathered to demand that China grants Hong Kong free and fair elections.

As the day went on the protest continued to grow and it wasn't long before Nathan's face was all over the news.

Then at 2am his microphone was cut off and the protest plunged into darkness as plain-clothed police officers rushed to the stage and arrested him.

Nathan tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how despite his arrest the protests continued to grow into some of the largest Hong Kong had ever seen lasting 79 days in total.

(Picture: Umbrella Protests. Credit: Getty Images)

In September 2014, Nathan Law led Hong Kong's 'Umbrella' Protests

On the 26 September 2014 Nathan Law stood on a makeshift stage outside Hong Kong's central government complex and led one of the largest protests Hong Kong has ever seen

'i Organised The Cuban Thaw'

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On 17 December 2014, United States president Barack Obama and the leader of Cuba, Raúl Castro, announced the normalisation of their countries' relations, ending 54 years of hostility.

The announcement was a shock to most except a few trusted aides who had worked for18 months to make it happen.

Alejandro Castro, Raúl Castro's son, represented the Cuban side. While Ben Rhodes, Obama's speech writer, was sent by the US.

Ben tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how he and Alejandro found common ground whilst hashing out decades of bad blood.

They eventually flew to Vatican City to officially commit to Cuba and the United States' new co-operative future.

In 2017, President Donald Trump partially rolled back on the deal, tightening rules affecting travel and on sending funds to the Caribbean island nation.

Ben says: “The US government made a liar out of me. I felt betrayed. ?

(Photo: Raúl Castro and Barack Obama. Credit: Getty Images)

On 17 December 2014, Barack Obama and Ra\u00fal Castro normalised Cuba and US relations

[LISTEN NOW]

I Starred In Pan's Labyrinth

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In 2006, Ivana Baquero starred in Guillermo del Toro's Spanish-language film Pan's Labyrinth.

The film tells the story of an 11-year-old girl who meets mythical creatures on a quest to achieve immortality and return to the underworld as a princess.

However, it isn't your typical fairy tale. Set in 1944, against the backdrop of Franco's fascist Spain, the film is hard-hitting and at times violent.

Ivana Baquero speaks to Tim O'Callaghan about starring in the film when she was an 11-year-old.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Ivana Baquero at the premiere of Pan's Labyrinth in 2006. Credit: Reuters/Fred Prouser)

In 2006, a Spanish-language film became a cult classic and took the world by storm

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Ivana Baquero was 11 when she starred in Guillermo del Toro's film which won awards around the world.

[LISTEN NOW]

'i Started Vinted'

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In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes when she was moving out.

She told her friend Justas Janauskas and together they came up with a website to sell them.

It later became Vinted, the online marketplace, which now has more than 500 million items listed for sale across 23 countries.

Milda speaks to Rachel Naylor and tells her that they originally forgot to add a ‘buy' button.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Milda Mitkutė. Credit: Vinted)

In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkut\u0117 realised she had too many clothes

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes and decided to sell them.

[LISTEN NOW]

'i Taught The Dalai Lama'

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In 1944, two Austrian mountaineers fled into the forbidden land of Tibet to escape from a prisoner-of-war camp in India.

Heinrich Harrer and his friend Peter Aufschnaiter spent seven years there.

Harrer became a tutor to the young Dalai Lama, Tibet's spiritual leader.

He later wrote a famous account of his visit called Seven Years in Tibet.

Simon Watts presented and produced this episode in 2016, using interviews with Harrer from the BBC Archive.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Portrait of the young Dalai Lama. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)

In the late 1940s, an Austrian mountaineer becomes the young Dalai Lama's tutor

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1944, Austrian mountaineer, Heinrich Harrer, fled to Tibet to escape a prisoner-of-war camp and later became the young Dalai Lama's tutor.

[LISTEN NOW]

'i Took The Famous Photo Of Jfk And His Son'

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On 2 October 1963, American photographer Stanley Tretick took the best picture of his life – a photo of President John F Kennedy working at the Resolute Desk in the White House, with his two-year-old son ‘John-John' peeking out a secret door underneath.

The photo was published in Look magazine a month later, days after the President was assassinated.

Rachel Naylor uses the transcript of an interview with Stanley, provided by the John F Kennedy Library and Museum, to tell the story of how he captured his most famous shot.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The photo Stanley Tretick took of JFK and his son. Credit: Alamy)

On 2 October 1963, Stanley Tretick took a well-known picture of President John F Kennedy

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 2 October 1963, American photographer Stanley Tretick took a well-known picture of President John F Kennedy working at the Resolute Desk in the White House.

[LISTEN NOW]

'i Wrote Schindler's List'

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In 1980, Australian author Thomas Keneally stumbled across the story of Oskar Schindler while buying a briefcase in Beverly Hills, in the USA.

The owner of the shop, a Polish Jew called Leopold Pfefferberg, told Thomas that a Nazi party member had saved him, his wife and many others from the Holocaust, by employing them in his enamel factory.

Thomas tells Rachel Naylor why Oskar was such a compelling subject, full of contradictions, and why he believes his book has lasting appeal.

(Photo: Thomas Keneally at his home in Bilgola Beach, Australia, in 1981. Credit: Martin James Brannan/Fairfax Media via Getty Images)

In 1980, Australian author Thomas Keneally stumbled across the story of Oskar Schindler while buying a briefcase in the USA.

[LISTEN NOW]

I Wrote The Champions League Anthem

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In 1992, European football was at a turning point. The European Cup was going to be replaced with a new format: The Champions League.

European football's governing body, Uefa wanted a classical theme to accompany the new competition, in an attempt to try and fix the image of football which was mired by hooliganism at the time.

Tony Britten was the man tasked with writing such a piece of music. He tells Tim O'Callaghan how he did it.

(Photo: Tony in his studio. Credit: Mark Fawcet)

The story of how one of the most iconic tunes in sport was created

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Champions League was created in 1992 by European football's governing body Uefa and they wanted to create a theme to go with it.

European football's governing body UEFA wanted to a classical theme to accompany the new competition, in an attempt to try and fix the image of football which was mired by hooliganism at the time.

Tony Britten was the man tasked with writing such a piece of music; he's been speaking to Tim O'Callaghan.

[LISTEN NOW]

'i Wrote The Champions League Anthem'

20250526

20250527 (WS)

In 1992, European football was at a turning point. The European Cup was going to be replaced with a new format: The Champions League.

European football's governing body, Uefa wanted a classical theme to accompany the new competition, in an attempt to try and fix the image of football which was mired by hooliganism at the time.

Tony Britten was the man tasked with writing such a piece of music. He tells Tim O'Callaghan how he did it.

(Photo: Tony in his studio. Credit: Mark Fawcet)

The story of how one of the most iconic tunes in sport was created in 1992

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Champions League was created in 1992 by European football's governing body Uefa and they wanted to create a theme to go with it.

[LISTEN NOW]

Ibadan Zoo

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British zoologist Bob Golding turned the University of Ibadan's zoo into one of Nigeria's biggest tourist attractions in the 1970s.

The zoo was famous for two gorillas he rescued from traffickers. And Bob's animal kingdom even had its own TV show.

His wife, Peaches Golding, tells Ben Henderson how he did it.

(Photo: Bob Golding. Credit: bobgolding.co.uk)

Bob Golding turned Ibadan Zoo into one of Nigeria's biggest attractions in the 1970s

British zoologist Bob Golding turned the University of Ibadan's zoo into one of Nigeria's biggest tourist attractions in the 1970s. His wife, Peaches Golding, looks back.

Ice Bucket Challenge

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In 2014, the ice bucket challenge craze took over the internet.

Millions of people including sports stars and celebrities filmed themselves being doused in ice cold water for charity.

Nancy Frates' son Pete helped to make the ice bucket challenge become a phenomenon. Nancy tells Gill Kearsley the poignant story of how the challenge went from a simple idea to world news.

(Photo: Pete Frates takes part in the ice bucket challenge. Credit: Barry Chin/The Boston Globe via Getty Images)

The ice bucket challenge became a worldwide phenomenon in 2014

Millions of people filmed themselves being doused in ice cold water for charity in 2014, when the ice bucket challenge became a worldwide phenomenon.

Icelandic Women's Strike

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In October 1975, 90% of women in Iceland took part in a nationwide protest over inequality.

Factories and banks were forced to close and men were left holding the children as 25,000 women took to the streets.

In 2015, Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, later Iceland's first female president, told Kirstie Brewer about the impact of that day.

(Photo: Women take to the streets. Credit: The Icelandic Women's History Archives)

In 1975, 90% of all women in Iceland took part in a massive nationwide protest

In 1975, 90% of Iceland's women took part in a nationwide protest over inequality and forced normal life to an abrupt halt.

Imelda Marcos's Famous Shoe Collection

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In 2001, more than 700 pairs of Imelda Marcos's shoes were put on display at the Marikina Shoe Museum in the Philippines.

The wife of the dictator President Ferdinand Marcos, became famous for buying shoes, while millions of Filipinos were living in poverty. It's thought she had in around 3,000 pairs.

Ella Rule has been through the archive to tell the story of Imelda and her shoes.

(Photo: Imelda Marcos' shoe collection. Credit: Christophe LOVINY/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

In 2001, more than 700 pairs of Imelda Marcos' shoes became museum exhibits in Marikina

Former first lady of the Philippines, Imelda Marcos, was famous for her shoe collection. It is believed she had around 3,000 pairs.

In Event Of Moon Disaster: 'the Speech That Never Was'

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“Fate has ordained that the men who went to the moon to explore in peace will stay on the moon to rest in peace. ?

These are the opening lines of the 'In Event of Moon Disaster' speech, written in 1969 in case the moon landing astronauts did not make it home.

They were composed by President Richard Nixon's speechwriter, William Safire, who died in 2009, at the age of 79.

The speech continued: “These brave men, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin, know that there is no hope for their recovery. But they also know that there is hope for mankind in their sacrifice. ?

Using archive from the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and NASA, Vicky Farncombe tells the story of “the speech that never was ?.

(Photo: Edwin 'Buzz' Aldrin on the moon. Credit: Getty Images)

Richard Nixon's contingency speech in case the moon landing astronauts never made it home

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1969, William Safire wrote a speech for President Richard Nixon to read in case the moon landing astronauts never made it back to Earth.

These are the opening lines of the 'In Event of Moon Disaster' speech, written in case the moon landing astronauts did not make it home.

“Certainly nothing I ever wrote that was spoken with as important to what was not never spoken, ? said William.

[LISTEN NOW]

In Exile From Iran

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On 16 January 1979, the Shah of Iran and his wife, Farah Pahlavi, left Iran for the last time. There had been increasingly violent protests against Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's regime.

Ayatollah Khomeini returned to Iran on 1 February after 14 years of exile. Following a referendum, he declared an Islamic Republic on 1 April 1979.

In 1985, social scientist Rouhi Shafi, also left Iran and chose London as her home.

Lucy Williamson spoke to both women in 2010.

(Photo: Official portrait of Empress Farah Pahlavi from 1979. Credit: Pictures From History/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

Former empress Farah Pahlavi and social scientist Rouhi Shafi speak about leaving Iran

The former Empress of Iran, Farah Pahlavi left in 1979 with her husband, the Shah. Years later social scientist, Rouhi Shafi, also left the country.

[LISTEN NOW]

India Goes To The Un

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In 1946, an Indian woman made history by leading her country's first delegation to the United Nations.

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit described it as a moment that reshaped her life.

As the sister of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister, she was already in the public eye, but stepping onto the global stage was far from easy. She grappled with doubt before accepting the role at the United Nations.

This programme is made in collaboration with BBC Archives. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit speaking at the United Nations. Credit: Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit led India's first delegation to the United Nations

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

An Indian woman made history by leading her country's first delegation to the United Nations in 1946.

[LISTEN NOW]

Indian Ocean Tsunami - Aceh

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An earthquake off the coast of Indonesia on 26 December 2004, triggered a tsunami which cost the lives of an estimated 230,000 people around the Indian Ocean. It was one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded. Dendy Montgomery was living in the city of Banda Aceh in Indonesia which was laid to waste by the disaster. He spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2013.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

(Photo: A man walks amongst through rubble in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Credit: BAY ISMOYO/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2004, a deadly tsunami swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean

On December 26 2004, an earthquake struck off the coast of Indonesia, triggering a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean.

[LISTEN NOW]

Indian Ocean Tsunami - Tamil Nadu

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On 26 December 2004, an earthquake struck off the coast of Indonesia sparking a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean. In India, Choodamani and Karibeeran Paramesvaran's children Rakshanya, 12, Karuyna, nine, and Kirubasan, five, were killed.

A bereft Karibeeran asked his wife to buy them some poison but Choodamani heard a voice from God telling her to help those in need. The next day the couple returned home with four children who'd lost their parents. They named their home Nambikkai which means Hands of Hope in Tamil and have looked after 42 orphans to date. They speak to Reena Stanton-Sharma about their remarkable story.

(Photo: Karibeeran and his wife Choodamani Paramesvaran with some of the orphaned children. Credit: AP Photo/Gurinder Osan)

On 26 December 2004, communities around the Indian Ocean were swept away by a tsunami

An earthquake off the coast of Indonesia on 26 December 2004, triggered a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean.

[LISTEN NOW]

India's 1998 Nuclear Tests

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In May 1998, India conducted five nuclear tests, drawing international condemnation. It was the first time the country had tested nuclear weapons for 24 years. Governments including the USA and Japan imposed economic sanctions on India, while Pakistan promised the tests “would not go unanswered ?. Weeks later, Pakistan tested their own nuclear weapons.

In response, the Indian artist, Nalini Malani, created a video installation showing the horrors of nuclear war. It was displayed in Mumbai for 10 days generating heated debate. She recounts her memories to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Nalini Malani. Credit: Nora Tam/South China Morning Post via Getty Images)

Nalini Malani made an artwork protesting against India's nuclear tests

In May 1998, India conducted five nuclear tests, drawing international condemnation. In response, Nalini Malani created a video installation showing the horrors of nuclear war.

[LISTEN NOW]

India's Capsule Coal Mine Rescue

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In November 1989, mining engineer Jaswant Singh Gill saved 65 miners from the Mahabir Coal Mine, in India.

The miners, who had been trapped for three days after a flood, were winched out one by one using a tiny, steel capsule.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Jaswant's son, Sarpreet Singh Gill.

(Photo: Jaswant Singh Gill, next to the capsule. Credit: Sarpreet Singh Gill)

In November 1989, 65 miners were rescued from the Mahabir Coal Mine, in India

On 13 November 1989, mining engineer Jaswant Singh Gill saved 65 miners from the Mahabir Coal Mine, in India.

On 13 November 1989, 65 miners were rescued from the Mahabir Coal Mine, in India

[LISTEN NOW]

India's Disability Law

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In December 1995, India's parliament passed the country's first disability rights legislation.

The landmark law aimed to give full participation and equality rights to an estimated 60 million people - around five percent of India's population who are affected by physical or mental disabilities.

In 2015, Farhana Haider spoke to disability rights activist Javed Abidi who led the campaign to change the law.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Javed Abidi with a crowd of protestors demonstrating over disabled rights. Credit: NCPEDP)

In 1995, the first disability rights legislation was passed by India's parliament

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In December 1995, the first disability rights legislation was passed by India's parliament, giving full participation and equality rights to an estimated 60 million people.

[LISTEN NOW]

India's First Female Bartender

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In 1996, an Indian government minister said that the work of women serving in bars 'is not suited in our Indian culture ?.

There were protests and restrictions on women working in bars up until 2007 when a ruling lifted restrictions and saw female bartenders in India become headline news across the world.

Shatbhi Basu became known as India's first female bartender and has been in the business since 1981. She tells Gill Kearsley her story.

(Photo: cocktails. Credit: Shcherbak Volodymyr via Getty images)

The story of the woman who became known as India's first female bartender

In 2007, restrictions were lifted on female bartenders in India, making headline news across the world.

India's First Nuclear Test

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In May 1974 India successfully detonated its first atomic device. It had been developed in secret with the codename Smiling Buddha.

India called it a Peaceful Nuclear Explosion, though the experimental device was in effect a plutonium bomb.

The test was seen as a triumph of Indian science and technology, but it led to the suspension of international nuclear co-operation with India, and spurred Pakistan to speed up development of its own nuclear bomb.

Dr S.K Sikka, was one of India's leading nuclear scientists, and spoke to Alex Last in 2018 about his role in the secret project.

Dr Sikka died in 2023 at the age of 82.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: A crater showing the aftermath of the nuclear test. Credit: Reuters)

How India secretly developed and tested its first atomic device in 1974

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In May 1974 India successfully detonated its first atomic device, which had been developed in secret, codenamed Smiling Buddha.

[LISTEN NOW]

India's Mars Orbiter Mission

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In 2014, India's Mars Orbiter Mission meant the country was the first in the world to successfully place a satellite into orbit around Mars on its initial attempt.

The mission, named Mangalyaan, was one of the cheapest interplanetary missions ever. It cost less than a Hollywood film.

Indian scientist, Dr Mylswamy Annadurai, also known as ‘moon man of India,' was programme director for the mission. He tells Gill Kearsley about this momentous event.

(Photo: The control centre for India's Mars Orbiter Mission. Credit: Pallava Bagla/Corbis via Getty Images)

India placed a satellite into orbit around Mars on its first attempt in 2014

In 2014, India placed a satellite into orbit around Mars. The mission, known as Mangalyaan, made the country the first in the world to succeed on its initial attempt.

[LISTEN NOW]

India's Plague Outbreak

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In 1994, the pneumonic plague broke out in the city of Surat, causing mass panic.

It saw the largest migration across India since independence was declared in 1947.

Ashley Byrne speaks to Doctor Vibha Marfatia who fled along with her family.

This was a made in Manchester production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: Surat, India, during the plague outbreak. Credit: RAVEENDRAN/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1994, hundreds of thousands of people fled the city of Surat

After the pneumonic plague broke out, the city of Surat went from being one of the dirtiest cities in India, to the cleanest.

[LISTEN NOW]

India's Voice At The United Nations: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit

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In 1946, an Indian woman made history by leading her country's first delegation to the United Nations.

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit described it as a moment that reshaped her life.

This programme is made in collaboration with BBC Archives. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit speaking at the United Nations. Credit: Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit lead India's first delegation to the United Nations

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

An Indian woman made history by leading her country's first delegation to the United Nations in 1946.

[LISTEN NOW]

Inside The Cuban Thaw

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On 17 December 2014, United States president Barack Obama and the leader of Cuba, Raúl Castro, announced the normalisation of their countries' relations, ending 54 years of hostility.

The announcement was a shock to most except a few trusted aides who had worked for 18 months to make it happen.

Alejandro Castro, Raúl Castro's son, represented the Cuban side, while Ben Rhodes, Obama's speech writer, was sent by the US.

Speaking to Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty in 2024, Ben explains how he and Alejandro found common ground whilst hashing out decades of bad blood.

They eventually flew to Vatican City to officially commit to a new co-operative future.

In 2017, President Donald Trump partially rolled back on the deal, tightening rules affecting travel and on sending funds to the Caribbean island nation.

Ben says: “The US government made a liar out of me. I felt betrayed. ?

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Barack Obama shakes hands with Raul Castro at Nelson Mandela's memorial service in 2013. Credit: Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)

In 2014, secret negotiations aimed to improve relations between the US and Cuba

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2014, secret talks aimed to improve relations between the United States and Cuba. We go behind the scenes with one of the US negotiators.

[LISTEN NOW]

Intervision Song Contest

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In 1980, Finnish singer Marion Rung won the Intervision Song Contest.

Born in the 1960s, Intervision was the Eastern Bloc's answer to Eurovision. It ran until 1980, although in 2025 Russia's President Vladimir Putin ordered its revival.

Finland, which maintained neutrality during the Cold War, was one of the few countries to participate in both competitions. Marion Rung achieved top 10 Eurovision finishes in 1962 and 1973 before winning Intervision. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Marion Rung performing at the Intervision Song Contest in 1980. Credit: Juha Jormanainen/Shutterstock)

In 1980, Finnish singer Marion Rung won Intervision, the USSR's answer to Eurovision

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1980, Finnish singer Marion Rung won the Intervision Song Contest, the USSR's answer to Eurovision. Marion also achieved top 10 Eurovision finishes in 1962 and 1973.

Born in 1965, Intervision was the Eastern Bloc's answer to Eurovision. It ran until 1980, although in 2025 Russia's President Vladimir Putin ordered its revival.

[LISTEN NOW]

Inventing Nutella

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In 1946, Italian confectioner Pietro Ferrero set out to bring chocolate to the masses. His recipe evolved over the years to become a world-famous product.

Thomas Chatenier from the manufacturer tells Uma Doraiswamy how the chocolate and hazelnut formula spread across the globe.

(Photo: The famous spread. Credit: Robert Gauthier/Los Angeles Times/Getty Images)

How the chocolate and hazelnut spread was created in 1946

In 1946, Italian confectioner Pietro Ferrero set out to bring chocolate to the masses. His chocolate and hazelnut recipe evolved over the years to become a world-famous product.

Inventing Playdoh

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In 1956, one of the world's most beloved children's toys went on sale for the first time, but its origins were surprising.

The modelling clay had started out as a household cleaning product. In the days when homes were heated by coal fires, it was used to clean soot and dirt from wallpaper.

But its manufacturer ran into trouble as oil and gas heating became increasingly popular. Then Kay Zufall, whose brother-in-law owned the firm, had an idea.

Her children enjoyed using the putty to make ornaments and jewellery so she suggested the company switch markets and give the clay a new name. Playdoh was born.

According to the current brand owners, more than three billion cans have been sold in 80 countries around the world. Peg Roberts, Kay's daughter, tells Jane Wilkinson how her mother had the idea.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Playdoh. Credit: Anacleto Rapping/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1956, one of the world's most beloved children's toys went on sale, but its origins were unusual. The modelling clay started out as a product to clean soot from wallpaper.

[LISTEN NOW]

Inventing Play-doh

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In 1956, one of the world's most beloved children's toys went on sale for the first time, but its origins were surprising.

The modelling clay had started out as a household cleaning product. In the days when homes were heated by coal fires, it was used to clean soot and dirt from wallpaper.

But its manufacturer ran into trouble as oil and gas heating became increasingly popular. Then Kay Zufall, whose brother-in-law owned the firm, had an idea.

Her children enjoyed using the putty to make ornaments and jewellery so she suggested the company switch markets and give the clay a new name. Play-Doh was born.

According to the current brand owners, more than three billion cans have been sold in 80 countries around the world. Peg Roberts, Kay's daughter, tells Jane Wilkinson how her mother had the idea.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Play-Doh. Credit: Anacleto Rapping/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1956, one of the world's most beloved children's toys went on sale, but its origins were unusual. The modelling clay started out as a product to clean soot from wallpaper.

[LISTEN NOW]

Inventing The Black Box

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On 23 March 1962, a prototype of the first cockpit flight recorder, the black box, was tested in Australia.

In the early 1950s, fuel scientist David Warren, who worked in the Australian government's aeronautical research laboratories, attended a talk about the reasons for a recent plane crash.

David thought that if only he could speak to a survivor, he'd have a much better idea of what caused the crash and could prevent future ones.

This led him to develop a recorder that would collect vital information of the last few hours before a plane goes down.

Today the modern equivalent of the black box is compulsory equipment on passenger planes all over the world.

In 2015, David's children, Jenny and Peter Warren, and a former colleague, Bill Schofield, spoke with Catherine Davis about how his idea changed air travel forever.

Inventing The Covid N95 Mask

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When Peter Tsai invented the material that made the N95 mask possible, he never expected it would save millions of lives decades later.

In 1992, the scientist from Taiwan introduced his mask filter to the world and within several years the technology was used by healthcare professionals all over the world.

When the first cases of Covid-19 were discovered in 2019 he came out of retirement to help work out whether the masks could be reused.

Peter has been speaking to Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Peter Tsai holding an N95 mask. Credit: Peter Tsai)

In 1992, Peter Tsai invented the N95 mask filter

When Peter Tsai invented the material that made the N95 mask possible in 1992 he never expected it would save millions of lives decades later. He has been speaking to Matt Pintus.

Invention Of The Hoverboard

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It was Back to the Future II that made a generation of children dream of travelling by hoverboard.

In the 1989 film, the hero Marty McFly escapes from his arch nemesis Biff by jumping on a flying skateboard.

But it wasn't until 2011 that inventor Shane Chen came up with the next best thing – a motorised skateboard that moves intuitively and gives the user a feeling of floating.

The creation became the must-have toy of 2015 and social media flooded with videos of celebrities trying it out.

But the hoverboard never brought riches for Shane. He tells Vicky Farncombe how cheap knock-offs stole his profits and caused fires and accidents.

[LISTEN NOW]

Iran Hostage Crisis

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One of the most dramatic moments from the Iranian revolution took place in November 1979. Young insurgents stormed the US embassy in the Iranian capital Tehran, taking 52 Americans captive. Barry Rosen was held hostage for 444 days. He told his story to Alex Last in 2009.

(Photo: Barry Rosen waves to a crowd in 1981 at a ceremony celebrating the release of US hostages in New York's City Hall. Credit: Yvonne Hemsey via Getty Images)

In 1979, Barry Rosen was held hostage after the US embassy in Tehran was stormed

Young revolutionaries stormed the US embassy in Tehran taking 52 Americans captive in November 1979. Barry Rosen was held hostage in the Iranian capital for 444 days.

[LISTEN NOW]

Iran's Secret Christian 'house Churches'

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After Iran's Islamic Revolution in 1979, some Christians faced persecution. Between 2002 and 2005, Naghmeh Panahi and her husband, Saeed Abedini, set up a network of secret 'house churches' across the country. But it came at a cost: they were arrested, forced to flee the country, and Saeed was jailed. Naghmeh Panahi speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Naghmeh Panahi. Credit: Kyle Green/The Washington Post via Getty Images)

Between 2002 and 2005, Naghmeh Panahi set up a network of 'house churches' in Iran

After Iran's Islamic Revolution in 1979, some Christians faced persecution. Between 2002 and 2005, Naghmeh Panahi set up a network of 'house churches' across the country.

[LISTEN NOW]

Irawati Karve: India's Groundbreaking Anthropologist

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Irawati Karve became India's first female anthropologist studying tribes that nobody had investigated, and taking her children on expeditions deep in the rainforest.

In 1927, she dared to defy the racist theory of Eugen Fischer, a famous German professor during her PhD in Berlin. Irawati scientifically rejected human differences to justify discrimination, and was the first to do so.

Her granddaughter, Urmilla Deshpande speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about her life and career.

(Photo: Irawati Karve. Credt: Urmilla Deshpande)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

India's first female anthropologist, Irawati Karve studied tribes that nobody had investigated. In 1927, she defied the racist theory of Eugen Fischer, during her PhD in Berlin.

[LISTEN NOW]

Isabel Allende: The House Of The Spirits

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In 1982, Isabel Allende published her debut novel, The House of the Spirits. The characters are based on her family, and the story reflects Chile's 20th Century history, including the 1973 military coup in which her relative, President Salvador Allende, was overthrown.

The book began as a letter to her dying grandfather, but it grew into an epic multi-generational story.

The House of the Spirits was an international bestseller and made Isabel one of the most renowned novelists in Latin America's rich literary history. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Isabel Allende in 1986. Credit: Louis Monier/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

In 1982, Isabel Allende published her bestselling novel, The House of the Spirits

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1982, Isabel Allende published her debut novel, The House of the Spirits. It was an international bestseller. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

[LISTEN NOW]

Italian Happiness Trains

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Between 1945 and 1952, ‘happiness trains' transported 70,000 children from southern to northern Italy to live with wealthier families.

It was a scheme organised by the Union of Italian Women and the Italian Communist Party in an attempt to make the lives of southern Italian children better.

Ten-year-old Bianca D'Aniello was one of the passengers to travel from Salerno in the south to Mestre in the north where she was looked after by a family with more resources.

Bianca's life in Mestre was miserable because of Italy's fascist regime and the devastation her city faced in the wake of World War Two. Her journey was fraught with nerves as she jumped on a train for the first time saying goodbye to her mum and siblings. What she didn't realise was what life had in store for her in her new life.

Bianca speaks to Natasha Fernandes about how that ‘happiness train' changed her life forever.

(Photo: Children on board an Italian 'happiness train' kiss and wave goodbye to their parents. Credit: Instituto Storico Modena)

Between 1945 and 1952, 'happiness trains' transported 70,000 children from southern Italy

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In the summer of 1947, 10 year-old Bianca D'Aniello boarded a train for the first time and travelled 700 kilometres from Salerno to Mestre to live with a wealthier family.

[LISTEN NOW]

Italo Disco

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In the late 1970s, disco died in America and a new wave of Italian producers took advantage of the advances in electronic instruments to craft their own dancefloor fillers.

The result was Italo disco – a genre of music recognisable for its synthesiser beats, heavily accented English lyrics and catchy melodies.

One of the biggest hits was Dolce Vita.

Singer Ryan Paris – real name Fabio Roscioli – tells Vicky Farncombe how it felt to be part of that moment.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

Italy's 'poison Ships'

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In September 1988, protests broke out in Manfredonia, Italy, after the arrival of a large ship carrying toxic waste of Italian origin. The Deep Sea Carrier had arrived from Nigeria, after a protracted diplomatic dispute between Italy and Nigeria.

For four days, the town was completely shut down and by the end of the protests, an environmental movement was born.

The Deep Sea Carrier and another ship, the Karin B, became known as the ‘navi dei veleni', or poison ships.

Jill Achineku speaks to Rosa Porcu, a teacher and one of the protesters. A Whistledown production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: Rusty barrrels of toxic waste. Credit: iznashih)

In 1988, a ship carrying toxic waste arrived in Manfredonia, Italy

A ship called the Deep Sea Carrier arrived in the Italian coastal town of Manfredonia in September 1988. It was carrying toxic waste and caused huge protests.

Jack Strong Aka Ryszard Kukli\u0144ski: Cold War Traitor Or Hero?

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During the 1970s, the US and Soviet Union were engaged in the Cold War.

The US, along with other Western countries, was a member of Nato, while the Soviet Union joined forces with central and eastern European countries in the Warsaw Pact.

After becoming frustrated with the way the Soviets controlled his country, Ryszard Kukliński, a Polish colonel, wrote to the US Embassy in Bonn, West Germany.

For the next 10 years, he would feed the CIA tens of thousands of pages of classified military secrets.

Aris Pappas, a CIA agent who analysed Ryszard's intel, speaks to George Crafer about his memories of this forgotten hero.

(Photo: Jack Strong aka Ryszard Kukliński. Credit: AP)

During the Cold War a high-ranking Polish colonel passed Soviet secrets to the CIA

In 1972, the US Embassy in West Germany received a letter in broken English from a Polish colonel. For the next 10 years, he worked as a secret agent code-named Jack Strong.

Jacques Derrida: 'rock Star' Philosopher

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In 1966, at Johns Hopkins University in the US, a little-known glamorous French philosopher called Jacques Derrida took to the stage and eviscerated the prevailing philosophy of the day, making him an overnight sensation.

The following year, he published three hugely influential books making the case for his theory of “deconstruction ?, which questioned the foundations of Western thought and knowledge.

Deconstruction's influence can still be felt today: from calls to decolonise the curriculum, to experimental architecture, to feminist retellings of the classics. While the word “deconstruct ? has become widely used.

On his death in 2004, The Guardian newspaper wrote: 'Derrida's name has probably been mentioned more frequently in books, journals, lectures, and common-room conversations during the last 30 years than that of any other living thinker. ?

Hélène Cixous is one of France's most influential writers and a lifelong friend of Derrida. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

In 1966, the Frenchman upended philosophy with his theory of 'deconstruction

In 1966, the Frenchman upended philosophy with his theory of 'deconstruction', which questioned the foundations of Western knowledge. Its influence can still be felt today.

[LISTEN NOW]

Jakarta's Ban On Dancing Monkeys

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In 2013, Jakarta's governor moved to outlaw the use of dancing monkeys on the city's streets.

The Indonesian tradition saw macaques made to perform for passers-by - often restrained by chains and dressed in plastic masks. Campaigners said the animals were frequently subjected to harsh treatment and poor living conditions.

Animal rights activist Femke den Haas played a key role in securing the ban.

She tells Vicky Farncombe that it was the suffering of one particular monkey, Johnny, that spurred her to take action.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In 2013, Jakarta's governor banned the use of dancing monkeys in Indonesia's capital

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2013, Jakarta's governor outlawed the use of dancing monkeys on the streets of Indonesia's capital after a campaign by animal rights activitsts.

[LISTEN NOW]

Jamuna Tudu: The Real Life 'lady Tarzan'

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In the early 2000s, a woman called Jamuna Tudu set out on a mission to protect her home state of Jharkhand's forests from India's so-called timber mafia.

She inspired thousands of people to care for their natural environment and established an army of women to fight back against the illegal cutting down of trees.

Her conservation efforts have led to the country's media dubbing her 'Lady Tarzan', and she is now known across India for her bravery.

She speaks to George Crafer about her run-ins with the mafia and her hero status.

(Photo: Jamuna Tudu amongst the trees she loves. Credit: Jamuna Tudu)

In the early 2000s, a woman known as 'Lady Tarzan' fought India's so called timber mafia

In the early 2000s, a newly married young woman, who would later be known as as 'Lady Tarzan', set out on a mission to protect India's vast forests from illegal loggers.

Japan Surrenders In Beijing

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Eighty years ago, in the autumn of 1945, World War II surrender ceremonies took place across the Japanese Empire.

The one in China was held at the Forbidden City in Beijing bringing an end to eight years of occupation. Thousands of people watched the incredible moment Japanese generals handed over their swords. The United States, China, Russia and the United Kingdom were all represented. John Stanfield, now 105, is the last surviving British person who was there. He recalls to Josephine McDermott how he signed the surrender declaration documents on behalf of the British.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Surrender in the Forbidden City. Credit: Hedda Morrison, courtesy of John Stanfield family/University of Bristol - Historical Photographs of China)

A rare eyewitness account of Japan's surrender in Beijing in 1945

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

John Stanfield, now 105, recalls how he signed the Japanese surrender documents on behalf of the British in a ceremony at the Forbidden City in Beijing, China, in October 1945.

[LISTEN NOW]

Japan Surrenders In China

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In the autumn of 1945, World War II surrender ceremonies took place across the Japanese Empire.

John Stanfield, now 103, is the last surviving British person who was there. He recalls to Josephine McDermott how he signed the surrender declaration documents on behalf of the British.

(Photo: Crowds gather in the Forbidden City to watch the Japanese surrender. Credit: John Stanfield, Bristol University's Historical Photographs of China)

A first-hand account of the Japanese surrender ceremony in Beijing in 1945

John Stanfield, now 103, is the last surviving British person who was at the 1945 surrender ceremony at the Forbidden City in Beijing.

Japan's Record-breaking Rollercoaster

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On 1 August 2000, a new rollercoaster opened to the public at a theme park in Japan.

Named Steel Dragon 2000, it's located at the Nagashima Spa Land amusement park in Kuwana.

When it first opened, it broke world records, being named the longest rollercoaster in the world, at just under 2.5km long.

Kurt Brookes hears from its designer, Steve Okamoto.

A Made In Manchester production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Steel Dragon 2000. Credit: Getty Images)

On 1 August 2000, Steel Dragon 2000 opened as the world's longest rollercoaster

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 1 August 2000, Steel Dragon 2000 opened at Nagashima Spa Land, becoming the world's longest rollercoaster at nearly 2.5 km in length.

[LISTEN NOW]

Jean Batten: New Zealand's Record Breaking Aviator

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New Zealander Jean Batten was nicknamed the ‘Queen of the Skies' for her record breaking flights of the 1930s.

After abandoning a career in music, Jean learnt to fly at the age of 21. She soon joined other female pilots, such as the American, Amelia Earhart, in making international headlines.

They were flying across the world, in planes made of wood and canvas, during the so-called golden age of aviation.

Jean's achievements included being the first woman to fly solo from Australia to England; and the first female pilot to make a solo flight from England to Argentina.

Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the BBC archives to find out more about her life.

(Photo: Jean Batten and her De Havilland Gipsy Moth, 1935. Credit: Central Press/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Jean Batten was nicknamed the Queen of the Skies for her pioneering flights of the 1930s

Jean Batten was nicknamed the Queen of the Skies for her record breaking flights of the 1930s. She flew planes made of wood and canvas during the so-called golden age of aviation.

[LISTEN NOW]

Jfk's 1963 Ich Bin Ein Berliner Speech

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United States President John F Kennedy gave a speech in Berlin at the height of the Cold War on 26 June 1963.

It galvanised the world in support of West Berliners who had been isolated by the construction of the Berlin Wall.

In 2023 Tom Wills spoke to Gisela Morel-Tiemann, who attended the speech as a student.

A Whistledown Production.

(Photo: John F Kennedy making his speech in Berlin. Credit: Lehnartz/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

The US President spoke at the newly constructed Berlin Wall at the height of the Cold War

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

At the height of the Cold War, United States President John F Kennedy, gave a speech in Berlin on 26 June 1963.

[LISTEN NOW]

Jimmy Carter Visits Cuba

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In May 2002, former US President Jimmy Carter paid a controversial visit to Cuba, which had been subject to a US trade embargo for more than 40 years.

The trip culminated in a speech, broadcast live on Cuban radio and television, in which Carter called for the US to lift economic sanctions, while he encouraged President Fidel Castro to embrace democracy and uphold Cubans' civil liberties.

Jennifer McCoy accompanied Carter on the trip. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Archive courtesy of The Carter Center)

(Photo: Jimmy Carter and Fidel Castro after a game of baseball. Credit: Jorge Rey via Getty Images)

In 2002, former US President Jimmy Carter paid a controversial visit to Cuba

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

John Lennon's Final Headline Concerts

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In 1972, after leaving The Beatles, John Lennon and Yoko Ono performed in the United States at the One to One benefit concerts at Madison Square Garden, New York.

They were helping to raise money for children with disabilities from Willowbrook State School, after a television exposé by journalist Geraldo Rivera showed the conditions and failings. It was watched by millions of people and led to a public outcry.

Sean Allsop speaks with Geraldo Rivera about breaking the story and organising the concerts.

A TBone production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: John Lennon performing at the One To One events. Credit: Ann Limongello / ABC)

In 1972, John Lennon and Yoko Ono performed at the One to One benefit concerts in the US

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1972, after leaving The Beatles, John Lennon and Yoko Ono performed at benefit concerts in New York to raise money for children from Willowbrook State School, after an exposé.

[LISTEN NOW]

John Logie Baird Invents Television

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On 26 January 1926, John Logie Baird first demonstrated his 'televisor' in public. It was the prototype for television.

Many people couldn't believe what they were seeing whilst others thought it was a pointless invention.

In 2010, Iain Logie Baird, the inventor's grandson, spoke to Claire Bowes.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Inventor John Logie Baird. Credit: Topical PressAgency/Getty Images)

On 26 January 1926, John Logie Baird demonstrated the prototype for television

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 26 January 1926, John Logie Baird demonstrated his 'televisor' in public. It was the prototype for television. His grandson, Iain Logie Baird, spoke about it in 2010.

In January 1926, John Logie Baird first demonstrated his 'televisor' in public. It was the prototype for television. Initially many people couldn't believe what they were seeing and others believed it was a pointless invention. In 2010, Iain Logie Baird, the inventor's grandson, spoke to Claire Bowes.

In January 1926, John Logie Baird demonstrated the prototype for television

In January 1926, John Logie Baird demonstrated his 'televisor' in public. It was the prototype for television. His grandson, Iain Logie Baird, spoke about it in 2010.

[LISTEN NOW]

Jorge Luis Borges: 'father' Of Latin American Fiction

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In 1961, the Argentine poet and short story writer Jorge Luis Borges won the Formentor Prize for literature.

Borges' stories were characterised by mind-bending plots often featuring labyrinths, dreams and fables.

Following his recognition in 1961, his reputation grew to such an extent that he is regarded as one of the most influential Latin American writers in history, as Ben Henderson reveals using BBC archive.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Jorge Luis Borges in 1977. Credit: Sophie Bassouls/Sygma via Getty Images)

In 1961, the Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges came to the world's attention

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1961, the Argentine poet and short story writer Jorge Luis Borges came to the world's attention. He would eventually be regarded as one of Latin America's greatest writers.

[LISTEN NOW]

Julia Gillard Speaks Out On Sexism

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In October 2012, Prime Minister Julia Gillard made an impromptu speech in the Australian parliament setting out the misogyny she endured for years as a prominent female politician. In 2022, she spoke to Alex Collins about her career defining-speech which has been viewed online by millions of people.

(Photo: Julia Gillard speaking in February 2012. Credit: Morne de Klerk/Getty Images)

In 2012, Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard made a landmark speech on misogyny

The Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard spoke out in October 2012 in the country's parliament. In her impromptu speech she explained the misogyny she had endured for years.

[LISTEN NOW]

Kawarau Bridge: The First Bungee Jumping Site In New Zealand

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On 12 November 1988, the world's first commercial bungee jumping site was opened near Queenstown, New Zealand.

AJ Hackett and Henry Van Asch started out bungee jumping as a hobby with friends. They developed the bungee ropes and rigging system and found the perfect site – the historic Kawarau Suspension Bridge – which would give paying customers the chance to safely fall 43 metres.

It helped make Queenstown become the adventure tourism capital of the world. Josephine McDermott jumped from the bridge herself 20 years ago and finds out from AJ Hackett how it all came about.

Ken Burns

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In 2002, filmmaker Ken Burns received an intriguing proposition from Apple CEO, Steve Jobs. He wanted Burns' signature filming style to be inserted into the video editing software of every Macintosh computer. He would call it, ‘the Ken Burns effect.

Burns first shot to fame in 1981, when his documentary, Brooklyn Bridge, was nominated for an Academy Award.

He is perhaps best known for his 1990 documentary series, The Civil War, which was watched by more than 40 million Americans when it debuted on PBS, becoming one of the most watched documentaries of all time.

In the time since, Burns has covered a whole array of subjects about American history, including baseball, country music and the Vietnam war.

He tells Matt Pintus about his future plans, including a series about the life of Martin Luther King.

(Photo: Ken Burns. Credit: Getty Images)

In 2002, the 'Ken Burns effect' was created

In 2002, the 'Ken Burns effect' was created by Apple. Filmmaker Ken Burns explains how it all came about.

[LISTEN NOW]

Ken Hom's 'chinese Cookery'

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In 1982, after a two-year global search, the BBC auditioned Ken Hom to be the star of a new Chinese cookery TV series.

In the show, called Ken Hom's Chinese Cookery, he introduced viewers to dishes like dim sum and spicy braised aubergine. He also gave advice on choosing and using a wok.

He tells Josephine McDermott about his sudden rise to celebrity and how he brought Chinese dishes to new audiences.

(Photo: Ken Hom. Credit: Chris Ridley/Radio Times/Getty Images)

In 1984, Ken Hom taught TV audiences to cook Chinese food for the first time

In 1984, the BBC launched a new Chinese cookery TV show, introducing chef Ken Hom.

Kennedy's Nail-biter Election Victory

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On 22 November 1963, United States President John F Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas.

Lucy Williamson looks back to 8 November 1960, when Richard Nixon and JFK went toe to toe at the polls in a battle to become the next president. The narrow success made Kennedy the youngest man ever elected to the role.

Close aide and speechwriter Ted Sorensen was with the politician on the night of the election. This programme was first broadcast in 2010.

(Photo: US President-elect John F Kennedy shortly after his election in 1960. Credit: AFP/Getty Images)

In 1960, John F Kennedy became the youngest person to be elected United States president.

In 1960, John F Kennedy pulled off a narrow victory over Richard Nixon in the race for the United States presidency.

Khula Manch, The Victory Rally

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On 9 April 1990, people gathered at Khula Manch, an open stage in Kathmandu. They were celebrating the end of Nepal's party-less Panchayat system and the beginning of multi-party democracy.

Among the crowd was Durga Thapa, who had spent weeks organising and coordinating the protests.

A photo of her in a sea of men, leaping up and giving the peace sign, her hands covered in red paint, came to mark the movement.

She speaks to Ribika Moktan about that day and her role in Nepal's 1990 democracy movement.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Durga Thapa celebrating in Khula Manch on the 9th of April 1990. Credit: Min Ratna Bajracharya)

In 1970, people gathered in Kathmandu to celebrate multi-party democracy in Nepal

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In April 1970, people gathered at an open stage in Kathmandu to celebrate the beginning of multi-party democracy in Nepal.

[LISTEN NOW]

Kielland Disaster

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In 1980, 123 men were killed when the Alexander L Kielland platform capsized in the North Sea oil fields.

It was Norway's biggest industrial disaster and led to a range of safety improvements for those working in the country's oil and gas sector.

Lars Bevanger spoke to survivor Harry Vike, who spent 10 hours in a lifeboat waiting to be rescued, and his wife Grete, who was waiting for a call to find out if he was alive or dead.

(Photo: The broken leg of the Alexander Kielland oil drilling platform, 1980. Credit: Alamy)

In 1980, 123 men died when a platform capsized in Norway's biggest industrial disaster

In 1980, 123 men were killed when the Alexander L Kielland platform capsized in the North Sea oil fields in Norway's biggest industrial disaster.

'kimchi War'

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In the run-up to the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, in the United States, a row broke out between Japan and South Korea over who would supply the athletes' village with kimchi.

The two countries also took their dispute to the United Nations' Codex Alimentarius, an organisation which sets voluntary standards for food.

Dr Chaelin Park from the World Institute of Kimchi tells Vicky Farncombe how South Koreans were upset because they thought Japan was 'attempting to take over' their national dish.

For Koreans, kimchi is more than just food - it's part of our cultural identity,' she says.

In the 1990s, a diplomatic dispute broke out between Japan and South Korea over kimchi

In the 1990s, a diplomatic dispute broke out between Japan and South Korea over the fermented cabbage dish, kimchi.

[LISTEN NOW]

King Kong: South Africa's First All-black Musical

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In 1959, Todd Matshikiza composed the score for King Kong, it was South Africa's first musical with an all-black cast and it opened to critical acclaim.

About the rise and fall of the heavyweight boxer Ezekiel Dlamini, it defied apartheid with the collaboration between black and white artists.

Starring Miriam Makebe, it launched the singer's international career and went on to tour, arriving in London's West End in February 1961. Todd's daughter Marian was eight when the family moved to London for the run. She speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about her father's music and what King Kong meant to him.

(Photo: Todd Matshikiza. Credit: Jurgen Schadeberg via The Schadeberg Collection)

South Africa's first musical with an all-black cast opened to critical acclaim in 1959

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Todd Matshikiza composed the score for South Africa's first musical with an all-black cast opening to critical acclaim in 1959.

In 1959, Todd Matshikiza composed the score for King Kong, it was South Africa's first musical with an all-black cast and opened to critical acclaim.

Starring Miriam Makebe, it launched the singer's international career and went on to tour London's West End, arriving at the Princes Theatre in February 1961. Todd's daughter Marian was eight when the family moved to London for the run. She speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about her father's music and what King Kong meant to him.

[LISTEN NOW]

Kiwi: How New Zealand Hijacked China's Fruit

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The kiwi fruit is synonymous with New Zealand in the minds of most European and American shoppers.

But the hairy fruit actually comes from China and was once known as the Chinese gooseberry.

So how did New Zealand hijack a Chinese fruit and turn it into their biggest horticultural export?

Former fruit exporter Don Turner tells Vicky Farncombe how his family named the kiwi fruit in the 1950s and created a global industry.

How the Chinese gooseberry became the kiwi and one of New Zealand's biggest exports

In the 1950s, a New Zealand fruit export firm changed the name of the Chinese gooseberry to the kiwi and sparked a billion-dollar industry.

Klaus Fuchs: Oppenheimer's Atomic Spy

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German-born physicist Klaus Fuchs played a key role in the development of the first atomic bomb during World War Two.

The project, known as the Manhattan Project, was led by scientist J Robert Oppenheimer at Los Alamos in the US.

But, in January 1950, Fuchs admitted passing top secret nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union and was sentenced to 14 years in jail.

His nephew Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski tells Louise Hidalgo about his uncle.

This programme was first broadcast in 2015.

To hear more about the story of Klaus Fuchs, the spy who changed history, search for The Bomb, wherever you get your BBC podcasts.

Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.

(Photo: Klaus Fuchs. Credit Jung/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

In 1950, Klaus Fuchs admitted passing top secret nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union

In 1950, German-born physicist Klaus Fuchs confessed to passing nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union while working on the first atomic bomb, known as the Manhattan Project.

[LISTEN NOW]

Kobe Earthquake

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On 17 January 1995, an earthquake devastated the port city of Kobe, in west Japan.

More than 6,000 people died and around 300,000 people were left homeless.

It was one of the most powerful earthquakes in the country's history.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Kiho Park, who aged eight, had to jump off his balcony to escape when his home was damaged.

(Photo: A resident walks through the debris in Kobe after the earthquake. Credit: TORU YAMANAKA/AFP via Getty Images)

On 17 January 1995, an earthquake devastated the city of Kobe, in Japan

[LISTEN NOW]

Kristallnacht: The Night Of Broken Glass

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In November 1938, the Nazis organised a night of terror against Jews in Germany. Windows of homes, businesses and synagogues were broken.

Kurt Salomon Maier was eight years old, living with his Jewish family in Kippenheim, Germany. He survived what became known as Kristallnacht or ‘the night of broken glass' and escaped to the United States. Kurt Salomon Maier, now 94-years-old, speaks to James Jackson.

A Whistledown production for BBC World Service.

(Photo: Windows with broken glass after Kristallnacht. Credit: Bettmann/Corbis/Bettmann Archive)

In 1938, the Nazis launched a violent anti-Jewish attack, known as Kristallnacht

In November 1938, the Nazis launched an attack, breaking the windows of Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues. It's often called Kristallnacht or ‘the Night of Broken Glass'.

Kurt Salomon Maier was 8 years old, living with his Jewish family in Kippenheim, Germany.

Kurt Salomon Maier, now 94-years-old, speaks to James Jackson. This is a Whistledown production for the BBC World Service.

[LISTEN NOW]

Kwame Nkrumah: Ousted From Power

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In February 1966, Kwame Nkrumah, one of Africa's most famous leaders, was ousted from power in Ghana.

While he was out of the country, the Ghanaian military and police seized power in a coup.

Ghanaian film maker Chris Hesse worked closely with Nkrumah and was with him at the time.

In 2021, Chris spoke to Alex Last about his memories of the coup and his friendship with the man who led Ghana to independence.

(Photo: Kwame Nkrumah after Ghana's independence from Britain. Credit: Bettman, Getty Images)

In 1966, Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah, one of Africa's most famous leaders was ousted from power

In February 1966, Kwame Nkrumah, one of Africa's most famous leaders, was ousted from power in Ghana when the military and police seized power.

La Haine: The Film That Shocked France

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In 1993, film director Mathieu Kassovitz started work on what would become a cult cinema classic, La Haine.

La Haine would follow three friends from a poor immigrant neighbourhood in the Paris suburbs 24 hours after a riot.

The film was released in 1995 to huge critical acclaim and Mathieu won best director at the Cannes Film Festival.

It was heavily critical of policing in France and it caught the attention of high profile politicians in the country, including then Prime Minister, Alain Juppé.

Thirty years on, Mathieu has been sharing his memories of that time with Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Vincent Cassel 'Vinz' in La Haine. Credit: Studio Canal+)

How Mathieu Kassovitz's critique of policing shocked French society

It has been 30 years since film director Mathieu Kassovitz started work on the cult cinema classic, La Haine. He has been sharing his memories of that time with Matt Pintus.

La Pasionaria: Heroine Of The Spanish Civil War

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Dolores Ibárruri was nicknamed La Pasionaria for her fiery speeches to the anti-fascist forces during the Spanish civil war. The fighting had begun in July 1936. Troops, led by General Francisco Franco, launched an uprising against the democratically-elected government. These Nationalist rebels were backed by Adolf Hitler in Germany and Benito Mussolini in Italy.

On the other side were supporters of the Republican government, including Spain's communist party, and Dolores was one of its leaders. She was already known for her speeches against fascism, but it was the civil war that sealed her reputation as a passionate and persuasive speaker. Her favourite phrase even became a battle cry for the Republicans: “No pasaran! They shall not pass! ? Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the archives to find out more.

Dolores Ib\u00e1rruri was dubbed La Pasionaria for her fiery speeches in the Spanish civil war

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Dolores Ibárruri was dubbed La Pasionaria for her fiery speeches during the Spanish civil war. Her favourite phrase became a Republican battlecry: No pasaran! They shall not pass!

[LISTEN NOW]

Launching Lagos Fashion Week

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In 2011, models, stylists and fashionistas gathered for Lagos Fashion Week's debut which would put Nigerian style on the global map.

Omoyemi Akerele founded the event which helped to launch the careers of designers internationally.

The annual event has become a major fashion occasion attracting Africa's biggest celebs and collections are sent around the world. Omoyemi Akerele speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma.

(Photo: A model prepares backstage at Lagos Fashion Week in 2013. Credit: Per-Anders Pettersson)

Lagos Fashion Week was launched in 2011 putting Nigerian style on the global map

In 2011, models, stylists and fashionistas gathered for Lagos Fashion Week's debut which would put Nigerian style on the global map. The event was launched by Omoyemi Akerele.

Liberia's Women In White Who Helped End Civil War

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In December 2011, Leymah Gbowee was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her role in helping to end the devastating civil war in Liberia.

She had mobilised thousands of women to take part in daily, non-violent public protests calling for peace – which pressurised ruthless President Charles Taylor into meeting them.

When he agreed to peace talks, a delegation from The Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace followed Taylor to Ghana. When talks stalled, they barricaded the room, refusing to let anyone leave until a peace deal was reached.

Within weeks, after continued pressure from the US and other West African nations, the former warlord had resigned and gone into exile.

Jacqueline Paine speaks to Leymah about her pivotal role in securing peace for Liberia.

(Photo: Leymah Gbowee with fellow activists. Credit: Issouf Sanogo/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2003 the Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace began protests calling for peace

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace staged their first protest in a football field close to Monrovia's fish market. Some of the women also went on sex strike.

[LISTEN NOW]

Liberia's Women In White: The Non-violent Movement That Helped End 14 Years Of Civil War

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20250410 (WS)

In December 2011, Leymah Gbowee was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her role in helping to end the devastating civil war in Liberia.

She had mobilised thousands of women to take part in daily, non-violent public protests calling for peace – which pressurised ruthless President Charles Taylor into meeting them.

Within weeks, after continued pressure from the US and other West African nations, the former warlord had resigned and gone into exile.

Jacqueline Paine speaks to Leymah about her pivotal role in securing peace for Liberia.

(Photo: Leymah Gbowee with fellow activists. Credit: Issouf Sanogo/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2003 the Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace began protests calling for peace

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace staged their first protest in a football field close to Monrovia's fish market. Some of the women also went on sex strike.

[LISTEN NOW]

Lithuania's 'wolf Children'

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In the aftermath of World War Two, children were left orphaned, or separated from their families.

They were forced to flee East Prussia when the Red Army advanced.

Whilst trying to survive, on their way to Lithuania, they were likened to hungry wolves roaming through forests.

Now aged 84, 'wolf child' Luise Quitsch tells Megan Jones about her journey and what life was like growing up in Lithuania.

(Photo: Luise. Credit: Luise Quitsch)

In the aftermath of World War Two, children fled East Prussia in order to survive

After World War Two, children were separated from their families, or orphaned. They were forced to flee East Prussia and likened to hungry wolves roaming through forests.

[LISTEN NOW]

Lonesome George: The Celebrity Tortoise

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In 2012, Lonesome George, the last tortoise of his species died.

George, from from Ecuador's Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean, was a global symbol of conservation and brought to the attention of the world the reality of extinction.

James Gibbs, vice president of science and conservation at the Galapagos conservancy knew George well. He looked after the tortoise in life, and in death. James says: “You know, moving Lonesome George across the islands by truck, people were asking, what's in the box? I said it's Lonesome George and people were crying and it was just very moving'.

He tells Gill Kearsley how time ran out for Lonesome George and about the legacy he left.

(Photo: Lonesome George. Credit: Rodrigo Buendia /AFP via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Lonesome George, the last tortoise of his species died in 2012. He was a global symbol of conservation, and brought to the attention of the world the reality of extinction.

George, from the Galapagos Islands was a global symbol of conservation and brought to the attention of the world the reality of extinction.

[LISTEN NOW]

Lord Of The Flies

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It's 70 years since William Golding's acclaimed novel was published.

Lord of the Flies is the story of a group of English schoolboys marooned on a desert island, and how they survive without adults.

It was Golding's first novel, and was praised for tackling questions about human nature and whether people are intrinsically good or evil.

The book proved a huge success, and has sold millions of copies around the world. Golding won the Nobel Prize in literature. He died ten years later.

His daughter, Judy Carver, spoke to Vincent Dowd, about her father's work, in 2014.

(Photo: A scene from the Lord Of The Flies film, 1990. Credit: United Artists/Getty Images)

It's 70 years since William Golding's acclaimed novel was published. The story, of schoolboys marooned on a desert island, sold millions.

[LISTEN NOW]

Luana Mansilla: Changing Gender Aged Six

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In 2013, a six-year-old from Argentina became one of the youngest people in the world to legally have their gender changed on official documents through self-declaration.

It followed the introduction of the Gender Identity Act in 2012, that aimed to reduce the exclusion of transgender people.

But as Luana's mother Gabriela Mansilla reveals, the fight for recognition wasn't easy. Gabriela speaks to Madeleine Drury.

(Photo: Luana hugging her mother Gabriela Mansilla in 2015. Credit: AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko)

In 2013, the gender of a six-year-old from Argentina was legally changed

Gabriella Mansilla successfully campaigned to change her child Luana's gender on official documents. It followed the 2012 introduction of the Gender Identity Act in Argentina.

[LISTEN NOW]

Lucha Reyes: Peruvian Music Star

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Lucha Reyes was one of Peru's greatest singers. She was born into poverty in 1936 and fought terrible health problems and racism throughout her life. But it didn't stop her becoming a star of Peruvian Creole music - a fusion of waltzes, Andean and Afro-Peruvian styles.

In the early 1970s she recorded hits including Regresa and Tu Voz. One of the few black Peruvian celebrities of her era, she was a trailblazer for black women in the country.

Polo Bances played the saxophone in her band, accompanying her on many of her greatest records. He celebrates her life with Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Lucha Reyes. Credit: Javier Ponce Gambirazio)

She overcame poverty, health problems and racism to become one of Peru's greatest singers

Lucha Reyes overcame poverty, terrible health problems and racism to become one of Peru's greatest singers. In the early 1970s she recorded hits including Regresa and Tu Voz.

Lunch Atop A Skyscraper

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In 1932, a photo was taken showing 11 New York ironworkers casually eating their lunch while sitting on a steel beam at the top of a skyscraper. No safety harnesses, no helmets. Their legs dangly freely over the death-defying drop.

Lunch Atop a Skyscraper' is now one of the most famous pictures in the world but it's an image surrounded in mystery. For years, the identity of its photographer and the 11 men have been unknown.

Christine Roussel, archivist at the Rockefeller Center, tells Vicky Farncombe about her mission to uncover the photo's secrets.

(Photo: Lunch Atop a Skyscraper. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1932, a photo was taken showing 11 ironworkers eating lunch at the top of a skyscraper

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The mystery surrounding the photo taken in 1932 of 11 daredevil ironworkers eating lunch on a steel beam at the top of a skyscraper.

[LISTEN NOW]

Major Charity Adams And The Six-triple-eight

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Major Charity Adams was the first African-American woman to lead a World War Two battalion. It was known as the Six-Triple-Eight (6888).

The 6888 was a majority African-American women's unit, the women sorted through mountains of post across Europe, using the motto: 'No Mail, Low Morale'.

Charity went on to become lieutenant colonel, the highest possible rank for women in her unit. She died in 2002.

Her son, Stanley Earley, speaks to Marverine Cole.

This was a Soundtruism production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: American Women's Army Corps Captain Mary Kearney and American Commanding Officer Major Charity Adams inspect the first arrivals to the 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion Credit. Archive Photos/Getty Images)

Major Charity Adams was the first African-American woman to lead a World War Two battalion, it was known as the Six-Triple-Eight. The unit consisted of 800, majority black, women.

Making Jaws

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It's 50 years since the original Jaws film was released in cinemas across America. The movie premiered on 20 June 1975.

Directed by a young Steven Spielberg, who was relatively unknown at the time, it was considered Hollywood's pioneering summer blockbuster.

The thriller broke records by becoming the first movie to gross over $100 million at the US box office and made millions of people afraid to go into the water.

Carl Gottlieb, who co-wrote the screenplay, looks back at guiding the chaotic production into cinematic history. Produced and presented by Megan Jones.

With movie excerpts from the 1975 film which was a Universal Picture, a Zanuck/Brown production and directed by Steven Spielberg.

(Photo: A scene from the movie. Credit: Screen Archives/Getty Images)

On 20 June 1975 the film premiered, launching summer blockbusters and scaring beachgoers

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 20 June 1975, the film premiered in US cinemas. It launched the era of the summer blockbuster and made millions afraid to go in the water, becoming a cultural phenomenon.

On 20 June 1975 Jaws the movie hit the big screen

On 20 June 1975 the film Jaws, about a great white terrorisng an American seaside community, was premiered.

[LISTEN NOW]

Marcel Duchamp And The Urinal That Changed Art

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In October 1942, the great French conceptualist artist Marcel Duchamp helped put on the first major surrealist exhibition in New York.

Carroll Janis's parents were friends of Duchamp.

Louise Hidalgo spoke to him in October 2016 about the exhibition, the man and his art, including his famous urinal, Fountain

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Duchamp's famous urinal. Credit: Michael Macor/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)

In 1942, the French artist featured in New York's first major surrealist exhibition

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In October 1942, Marcel Duchamp helped stage New York's first major Surrealist exhibition, featuring his now‑famous urinal.

[LISTEN NOW]

Marie Kondo

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In 2011, Japanese tidying expert Marie Kondo's first book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up was published.

Overnight she went from tidying other people's homes to being known around the world for her KonMari method.

It encourages people to only keep items that spark joy and to sort by category, not location.

Now a best-selling author with hundreds of her consultants decluttering homes around the globe, Marie speaks to Megan Jones.

(Photo: Marie Kondo. Credit: Axelle/Bauer-Griffin/FilmMagic via Getty Images.)

In 2011, Japanese tidying expert Marie Kondo's first book was published.

In 2011, Japanese tidying expert Marie Kondo's first book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up was published encouraging people to only keep items that spark joy.

[LISTEN NOW]

Mart\u00edn Chambi: Peru's Pioneering Documentary Photographer

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Martín Chambi is regarded as one of the most important indigenous Peruvian photographers of the 20th century. Famous for his black and white images of local Andean people and the surrounding countryside, Chambi's work challenged preconceptions of Peruvian culture and traditions. In 1924 he was among the first to photograph Machu Picchu – his work helping to shape the way Peru is seen around the world. His photography was declared part of the Cultural Heritage of the Nation by Peru's government in 2019. Jacqueline Paine speaks to his grandson Roberto Chambi.

(Photo: Martín Chambi self-portrait 1923. Credit: Martín Chambi Archive.)

Chambi's dramatic black and white photographs showed indigenous people in a new light.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Chambi photographed the daily lives and surroundings of Andean people in southern Peru. His work challenged ideas about the country's culture and traditions.

[LISTEN NOW]

Mary Fisher's A Whisper Of Aids Speech

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When Mary Fisher was diagnosed with HIV in 1991 she did not represent the typical stereotype of someone HIV-positive.

She was white, heterosexual and contracted the disease in marriage. She used her platform at the Republican National Convention in Texas in 1992 to try and change people's treatment of those carrying the Aids virus. The speech was broadcast live to millions of people via the major US TV outlets.

She argued that she did not want her sons, aged four and two, to face stigma from the 'whisper of Aids' once she had died.

It is ranked as one of the most important speeches in the US in the twentieth century.

Mary Fisher recalls the moment she delivered the speech to Josephine McDermott.

(Photo: Mary Fisher delivers her speech in 1992. Credit: AP)

Mary Fisher set out to fight the prejudice faced by those with HIV and Aids

Mary Fisher had two young sons when she addressed the US Republican National Convention in 1992.

She had HIV and wanted to combat the stigma they might face after her death.

[LISTEN NOW]

Mary Fisher's 'a Whisper Of Aids' Speech

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20250213 (WS)

When Mary Fisher was diagnosed with HIV in 1991 she did not represent the typical stereotype of someone HIV-positive. She was white, heterosexual and contracted the disease in marriage. She used her platform at the Republican National Convention in Texas in 1992 to try and change people's treatment of those carrying the Aids virus.

The speech was broadcast live to millions of people via the major US TV outlets. She argued that she did not want her sons, aged four and two, to face stigma from the 'whisper of Aids' once she had died.

It is ranked as one of the most important speeches in the US in the 20th Century. Mary Fisher recalls the moment she delivered the speech to Josephine McDermott.

(Photo: Mary Fisher delivers her speech in 1992. Credit: AP)

Mary Fisher set out to fight the prejudice faced by those with HIV and Aids

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Mary Fisher had two young sons when she addressed the US Republican National Convention in 1992.

She had HIV and wanted to combat the stigma they might face after her death.

[LISTEN NOW]

Mexico's Murdered Women

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In 1993 young women began disappearing in the Mexican border town of Ciudad Juárez.

Hundreds were reported to have been kidnapped and killed.

Some of the first victims weren't discovered until nearly 10 years later.

In 2013, Mike Lanchin spoke to Oscar Maynez, a forensic scientist who used to work in the city and to Paula Flores, the mother of one of the murdered girls.

(Photo: Wooden crosses in a Mexican wasteland. Credit: Jorge Uzon/Getty Images)

In the 1990s, hundreds of young women were murdered in a Mexican border town

In the 1990s, hundreds of young women were kidnapped and murdered in the Mexican border town of Ciudad Juárez.

Mexico's Soda Tax - Confronting Soft Drink Giants

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In 2013, Mexico's government approved a tax on sugary soft drinks. The country has one of the highest rates of fizzy drink consumption in the world.

Some rural homes do not have access to safe drinking water and a third of schools do not have drinking water. Consequently, carbonated drinks would be sold in schools across the country.

Grace Livingstone speaks to Dr Simon Barquera, director of health and nutrition research at Mexico's Institute of public health. He faced intimidation and spying attempts for advocating the tax.

(Photo: Sugary drinks. Credit: PA)

In 2013 a new tax was approved in one of the world's biggest consumers of fizzy drinks

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Mh370: The Plane That Vanished

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On 8 March 2014, a plane carrying 239 passengers and crew disappeared.

What happened to missing flight MH370 remains one of the world's biggest aviation mysteries.

Ghyslain Wattrelos' wife Laurence and teenage children Ambre and Hadrien were on the plane, which was on its way to Beijing from Kuala Lumpur.

He was on a different flight at the time and only found out the plane was missing when he landed.

A decade on, Ghyslain tells Vicky Farncombe how he's no closer to knowing what happened to his family.

“I am exactly at the same point that I was 10 years ago. We don't know anything at all. ?

(Photo: Ghyslain Wattrelos. Credit: Pacific Press/LightRocket via Getty Images)

Ghyslain Wattrelos' wife and two children were on MH370, the plane that disappeared.

The disappearance of a Malaysia Airlines flight, carrying 239 passengers and crew, is one of the world's biggest aviation mysteries.

Mohamed Morsi: Egypt's First Democratically Elected President

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In June 2012, Mohamed Morsi, representing the Muslim Brotherhood, became Egypt's first democratically elected president.

In 2022, Ben Henderson spoke to Rabab El-Mahdi, chief strategist to one of Morsi's rival candidates.

She described what it was like to be involved in the first election of its kind, how Morsi tried to recruit her, and the personal impact of political campaigning in a polarised country.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Mohamed Morsi in June 2012. Credit: Ed Giles/Getty Images)

A political rival looks back on Morsi's victory in June 2012

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In June 2012, Muslim Brotherhood candidate Mohamed Morsi was elected president. In 2012, Ben Henderson spoke to Rabab El-Mahdi, a political adviser involved in the election.

[LISTEN NOW]

Mosque's Epic Journey Across Canada

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In 2010, an 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Chile.

It shook the central and southern parts of the country for more than three minutes, causing widespread damage which destroyed buildings, bridges and roads.

The earthquake triggered a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean, which travelled 600 kilometres west to the remote island of Juan Fernandez where Alison Campbell and her family were on holiday.

Hundreds of people died, and thousands were left injured and homeless.

Alison Campbell tells Jane Chambers what it was like when the tsunami struck.

(Photo: Rescue workers in Juan Fernandez. Credit: JORGE AMENGUAL/AFP via Getty Images).

The challenge in 2009 of transporting a mosque 4,000km to Inuvik in the Arctic Circle

In 2010, an 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Chile. This triggered a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean, which travelled to the remote island of Juan Fernandez.

In 2009, Inuvik's Muslim community needed a mosque, but building one in such a remote location was proving too expensive.

Instead, an ambitious plan was born: to build it in the city of Winnipeg and then move it - 4,000km across Canada.

Megan Lawton speaks to Hussain Guisti, the man behind this extraordinary journey, about the challenges, near disasters, and determination that made it a reality. Produced by Sam Gruet.

(Photo: Mosque on the move. Credit: Snow Angel Films)

The extraordinary journey in 2009 of a mosque which was built in Winnipeg, then transported 4,000km across Canada to Inuvik in the Arctic Circle.

[LISTEN NOW]

Murder At The Berlin Wall

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On 29 March 1974, Czesław Kukuczka stormed into the Polish embassy in East Berlin, threatening to detonate a bomb unless he was allowed to escape to the West.

Shot at point-blank range while trying to cross the Berlin Wall, the identity of Kukuczka's killer remained a mystery for decades - until archive documents led investigators to former Stasi officer Martin Naumann.

Naumann's historic trial made him one of the first former Stasi officers to be convicted of murder.

Dan Hardoon speaks to Dr Filip Gańczak, the historian whose work helped bring Kukuczka's killer to justice.

(Photo: The Berlin Wall. Credit: Owen Franken/Corbis via Getty Images)

In March 1974, Polish man Czes\u0142aw Kukuczka was shot by a Stasi officer at the Berlin Wall

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 29 March 1974, Czesław Kukuczka stormed into the Polish embassy in East Berlin, threatening to detonate a bomb unless he could escape to the West. He was shot and killed.

[LISTEN NOW]

Murder Of The Romanovs

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As civil war raged in Russia, on 17 July 1918, the imprisoned royal family were told they were to be taken to a place of refuge.

But the move was a trick and half an hour later Tsar Nicholas II, his wife and his children lay dead, gunned down and bayonetted.

In 2018, his great niece Olga Romanov told Olga Smirnova about that night, and the family's reburial 80 years later.

(Photo: The room where the Romanovs were murdered. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1918, the Russian royal family were killed by the Bolsheviks

As the Russian Civil War raged in 1918, Tsar Nicholas II and his family were brutally killed by the Bolsheviks.

My Aunt Created The Moomins

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The first Moomins story about a family of nature-loving white round trolls was published in 1945 during World War Two. The Moomins and the Great Flood was created by writer and artist Tove Jansson as a source of comfort during bleak times.

It highlighted the struggles of those who'd been displaced by war introducing readers into the lives of Moomintroll, Moominmamma and Moominpappa.

Tove's tales and illustrations, featuring the cuddly creatures with smooth round snouts, are loved the world over and have been published in more than 60 languages.

She was born in Finland but her first language was Swedish, which the original Moomins books were published in. Tove's niece Sophia Jansson, speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about growing up in a family surrounded by creativity and nature.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Tove Jansson and the Moomins. Credit: © Moomin Characters™)

Tove Jansson's book The Moomins and the Great Flood was published in 1945

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Writer and artist Tove Jansson's first story about a family of nature-loving white round trolls was published in 1945. It was called The Moomins and the Great Flood.

[LISTEN NOW]

My Dad Created Dungeons And Dragons

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In 1970, father of five Gary Gygax was fired from his job as an insurance underwriter in Chicago, in the United States of America. It may sound like a mundane event to read about but, believe it or not, this moment actually changed the gaming industry forever.

Gary is the creator of table-top roleplay game, Dungeons & Dragons. In the 50 years since its release, D&D has generated billions of dollars in sales and now boasts more than 50 million players worldwide.

However, Gary's story is not one of riches and success. Luke Gygax witnessed the incredible highs and lows of his father's life first hand. He shares his memories of that time with Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Gary Gygax and Luke Gygax. Credit: Luke Gygax)

In 1974, Gary Gygax created the fantasy roleplay game

In 1974, Gary Gygax created the fantasy roleplay game, Dungeons & Dragons. On its 50th anniversary, Luke Gygax speaks about the incredible highs and lows of his father's life.

[LISTEN NOW]

My Dad Created Mr Men And Little Miss

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In 1971, advertising writer Roger Hargreaves's eight-year-old son Adam asked him an unusual question: 'What does a tickle look like?

Inspired, Roger got out his marker pens and created an orange character with a round body, long stretchy arms and a blue bowler hat.

That character would become Mr Tickle, one of the first Mr Men books.

Adam Hargreaves tells Megan Jones how his late father's children's books became a worldwide success.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Roger Hargreaves with Mr Wrong. Credit: Gerrit Alan Fokkema/Fairfax Media via Getty Images)

In 1971, a question from his son led Roger Hargreaves to create Mr Men and Little Miss

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1971, a question from eight-year-old Adam inspired his father Roger Hargreaves to create the Mr Men. The first was Mr Tickle, with his long stretchy arms.

[LISTEN NOW]

My Father Directed Seven Samurai

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Akira Kurosawa's film, Seven Samurai, is an epic three-and-a-half hour long black and white film set in 16th century Japan.

It was released in 1954 and was the most expensive Japanese film ever made at the time.

It is widely considered as one of the most influential films in world cinema.

The production had its ups and downs, going over schedule and budget.

Akira Kurosawa's son Hisao was a nine-year-old boy at the time it was made.

He talks to Jen Dale about how his father made the movie and its impact.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: A Japanese movie poster for Seven Samurai. Credit: Movie Poster Image Art/Getty Images)

In 1954, the movie Seven Samurai was released, directed by Akira Kurosawa

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Akira Kurosawa's movie Seven Samurai was released in 1954. It is widely considered to be one of world cinema's most influential films.

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Mymba Kuera: The Race To Save Wildlife At The Itaipu Dam

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In October 1982, Paraguay and Brazil closed the gates of the Itaipu River, beginning to fill the reservoir of what would soon be the world's largest dam.

Located in a rainforest on the border between the two countries, the Itaipu dam would go on to supply vast amounts of energy for decades. But the rising waters also put thousands of animals at risk, as their habitat was flooded.

To mitigate this, the company launched one of the largest wildlife rescue operations in South America. It was called Mymba Kuera - the animals - in Guarani, the local language. Dario Perez Chena led the operation on the Paraguayan side. He spoke to Stefania Gozzer about the challenges his team faced in saving nearly 30,000 animals.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

In 1982, waters rose behind the Itaipu Dam, flooding the homes of thousands of animals

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1982, Paraguay and Brazil closed the gates of the Itaipu Dam to fill its reservoir. But as the water rose, thousands of animals had to be rescued as their habitat was flooded.

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Nagasaki Bomb

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On 9 August 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan, killing at least 74,000 people.

It led to the end of World War Two in Asia, with Japan surrendering to the Allies six days later.

The Nagasaki bomb, alongside the Hiroshima bomb on 6 August, remain the only times nuclear weapons have been used in a war.

In an interview he gave to the BBC in 1980, British prisoner of war Geoff Sherring describes how he survived the explosion. Produced and presented by Rachel Naylor.

This programme was made in collaboration with BBC Archives.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The Nagasaki bomb on 9 August 1945. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 9 August 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki, in Japan, killing at least 74,000 people.

It lead to the end of the Second World War in Asia, with Japan surrendering to the Allies six days later.

The bomb, alongside the Hiroshima bomb on 6 August, remain the only times nuclear weapons have been used in a war.

In an interview he gave to to the BBC in 1980, British prisoner of war Geoff Sherring describes how he survived the explosion.

This programme was made in collaboration with BBC Archives. It's produced and presented by Rachel Naylor.

(Photo: The Nagasaki bomb on 9 August 1945. Credit: Universal History Archive / Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

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Nato Bombs Serbian State Television Headquarters

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In April 1999 Nato bombed the Serbian state TV station in Belgrade, killing 16 people.

It was part of a military campaign to force Serbia to withdraw from Kosovo.

Mike Lanchin has been speaking to one of the survivors, Dragan Šuković, a TV technician, who was working at the station that night.

This programme was first broadcast in 2015.

(Photo: The Radio Television of Serbia building. Credit: Getty Images)

It's 25 years since Nato bombed the Serbian television headquarters in Belgrade

It's 25 years since Nato bombed the Serbian state TV station in Belgrade, killing 16 people. It was part of a military campaign to force Serbia to withdraw from Kosovo.

Nazis In Egypt

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After World War Two, Egypt's government recruited thousands of Nazis and their collaborators to bolster the country's defence and security.

This was part of Egyptian President Nasser's efforts to modernise the country and present himself as the leader of the Arab world in its conflict with Israel.

Johann Von Leers was one of Adolf Hitler's Nazi propagandists. Nasser's government recruited him in 1956 to lead Egypt's antisemitic propaganda machine.

Frank Gelli was a member of a far-right group in Italy at the time. He was sent to meet Von Leers in Cairo in 1964. He tells Ben Henderson about their conversation.

(Photo: Johann von Leers. Credit: Bernd Settnik/BArch/CC-BY-SA 3.0)

Egypt recruited thousands of Nazis after World War Two

Egypt recruited thousands of Nazis after World War Two to bolster its security. In 1964, Frank Gelli met Hitler's former propagandist, Johann von Leers, in Cairo.

New Nordic Cuisine

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In 2004, Danish food entrepreneur Claus Meyer launched the ‘Nordic Kitchen Manifesto', kick-starting a revolution in Nordic cooking focused on local seasonal ingredients.

The new approach was most famously embodied by the Copenhagen restaurant Meyer founded, Noma, which was anointed the world's best restaurant five times.

New Nordic cuisine is credited with shifting global dining away from the importation of products, and towards its core tenets - freshness, seasonality and localism. Claus Meyer speaks to Ben Henderson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Nordic cuisine. Credit: Sergei Gapon/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2004, Danish food entrepreneur Claus Meyer launched a revolution in Nordic cooking

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Ni Una Menos Women's Movement In Argentina

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On 3 June 2015, tens of thousands of people gathered in the capital, Buenos Aires, and in dozens of cities and towns demanding an end to violence against women. There were demonstrations in Chile and Uruguay in solidarity too.

Argentina was reporting a female murder rate of one every 31 hours. The killing of a 14-year-old pregnant girl by her boyfriend was seen as a tipping point.

Something had to be done. A collective of female journalists and writers campaigned under the banner ‘Ni Una Menos' (not one less) and received support on social media from footballer Lionel Messi and Argentina's president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner.

Changes to the law on abortion and the representation of women in governance followed. Agustina Paz Frontera who was part of the collective that started the movement tells Josephine McDermott it was the disappearance of her school friend in 2005 that spurred her on.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Agustina Paz Frontera. Credit: Ana Masiello)

The start, in 2015, of a movement to stop violence against women in Argentina

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In June 2015, tens of thousands of people gathered in the capital, Buenos Aires, and across Argentina to demand action in the face of the shocking number of women being murdered.

[LISTEN NOW]

Nigerian Photographer's Iconic 'hairstyles' Series

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J. D. 'Okhai Ojeikere, who was known as Nigeria's top photographer, started documenting women's hairstyles in 1968. He built up a portfolio of around 2,000 negatives revealing the elaborate ways African women styled their hair through his series of black and white photos.

A selection of his 'Hairstyles' prints was displayed at the Venice Biennale in 2013. Reena Stanton-Sharma speaks to his son Amaize Ojeikere, also a photographer, about his father's work.

(Photo: 'Hairstyles' by J. D. 'Okhai Ojeikere. Credit: TERESA SUAREZ/EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock)

J. D. 'Okhai Ojeikere, known as Nigeria's top photographer gained international acclaim

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1968, J. D. 'Okhai Ojeikere, who was known as Nigeria's top photographer, started documenting women's hairstyles in his iconic photo series.

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Nigeria's Biafra War

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When the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself to be the independent state of Biafra, civil war broke out in May 1967. More than a million people died before the fighting stopped. In 2021, Patricia Ngozi Ebigwe, now better known as TV and music star Patti Boulaye, spoke to Paul Waters about escaping the conflict.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Government troops during the Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Biafran War, 1969. Credit: Central Press/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

In 1967, the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself the independent state of Biafra

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In May 1967, the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself the independent state of Biafra leading to civil war.

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Norway's Ww2 Railway Sabotage Plot

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In May 1942, a team of Norwegian resistance fighters in occupied Norway were getting ready to blow up a railway carrying materials crucial to the German war machine.

Led by Lieutenant Peter Deinboll, a local from the area, they set out to execute what the Allied forces saw as the top priority sabotage operation in Norway at that stage in the war. Should they fail, allied planes would carpet bomb the village, including Deinboll's hometown.

Lars Bevanger speaks to Lieutenant Deinboll's nephew, Gunnar Deinboll Jenssen.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Lieutenant Peter Deinboll Jr. Credit: Gunnar Deinboll Jenssen)

In 1942, Norwegian resistance fighters set out to blow up a railway used by the Nazis

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1942, a team of Norwegian resistance fighters set out to blow up a railway used to carry materials crucial to the German war machine.

[LISTEN NOW]

Nuns Killed In Algeria

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In the early 1990s, Algeria was engulfed by a brutal civil conflict, as armed Islamist groups fought the state and civilians lived in fear. Foreigners were urged to leave, and many did. But Sister Lourdes Migueles, a Spanish Augustinian nun who had already spent decades serving in Algeria, chose to stay.

As the violence worsened, religious figures also became targets. In October 1994, two of Sister Lourdes's fellow nuns, Caridad Alvarez and Esther Paniagua, were shot dead near their convent as they returned from work. Sister Lourdes remembers hearing the gunshots, the panic in the street, and realising immediately that it was her fellow Sisters who had been attacked. Soon afterwards, she was ordered by her superiors to leave Algeria, something she says caused her deep pain, as though she had abandoned the country she loved.

Years later, she returned to Algiers, where she still lives and works today, helping women and children. Sister Lourdes Migueles tells her story to Colm Flynn.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Nuns attend a ceremony at the Chapel of our Lady of Santa Cruz in Algeria in 2018. Credit: Ryad Kramdi/via Getty)

In October 1993, two nuns were shot dead near their convent in Algiers

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In October 1993, two nuns were shot dead near their convent in Algiers during Algeria's brutal civil conflict.

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Oklahoma City Bombing

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On 19 April 1995, a huge truck bomb killed 168 people in a government building in Oklahoma City, US. There were 19 children among the dead and more than 500 people were injured. One of the perpetrators, Timothy McVeigh, was executed in 2001.

Dr David Tuggle was a paediatric surgeon who helped find survivors. He spoke to Golnoosh Golshani in 2015.

(Photo: Albert P. Murrah Federal Building after the bombing. Credit: Bob Daemmrich/AFP via Getty Images)

On 19 April 1995, a huge truck bomb killed 168 people in a US government building

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 19 April 1995, a huge truck bomb killed 168 people in a government building in Oklahoma City, US. One of the perpetrators, Timothy McVeigh, was executed in 2001.

[LISTEN NOW]

Oliver Tambo Returns To South Africa From Exile

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On 13 December 1990, the anti-apartheid politician Oliver Tambo returned to South Africa after 30 years in exile.

As the president of the banned African National Congress (ANC), he had lived in Zambia building the liberation movement while other key ANC members including Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu were political prisoners.

By lobbying around the world and attracting talented South African exiles such as Thabo Mbeki, he built the organisation into a legitimate contender for government.

When President FW de Klerk unbanned the ANC, Oliver or OR Tambo was finally able to return home where he was greeted by a crowd of thousands at the airport.

Oliver Tambo's son, Dali Tambo, recalls to Josephine McDermott how his father and other ANC exiles danced in the aisle of the plane as they crossed into South African airspace.

(Photo: Oliver Tambo at Jan Smuts Airport. Credit: AP/John Parkin)

Oliver Tambo returned to South Africa in 1990 after 30 years in exile

Oliver Tambo led the movement against apartheid in South Africa from exile in Zambia. When he returned in 1990, greeted by Nelson Mandela, there were thousands to welcome him.

Olympics: Zamzam Farah At London 2012

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At the London 2012 Olympics, the Somali sprinter Zamzam Farah became a crowd favourite after finishing last in her 400m heat by 27 seconds.

Zamzam had grown up in war-torn Mogadishu, where she had to dodge violence while training on the so-called ‘Road of Death'.

She competed with her body fully covered, but, after the Olympics, her family in Somalia received death threats because of what Al-Shabab considered unacceptable behaviour for a Muslim woman. She remained in the UK and gained asylum.

Zamzam Farah spoke to Ian Williams in 2021.

(Photo: Zamzam Farah about to start the 400m at the London 2012 Olympics. Credit: Olivier Morin/AFP/GettyImages)

Somali sprinter Zamzam Farah at the London 2012 Olympics

Zamzam Farah trained on the ‘Road of Death' for the London 2012 Olympics, while dodging violence in Somalia from Al-Shabab.

Somalia sprinter Zamzam Farah at the London 2012 Olympics

Omar Sharif Stars In Lawrence Of Arabia

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In 1962, Egyptian actor Omar Sharif made his Hollywood debut in Lawrence of Arabia, a sweeping epic that would become one of cinema's most popular films.

Gill Kearsley tells the story of the movie legend's transformation into the enigmatic Sherif Ali and brings to life the moment he stepped into the desert and onto the world stage.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Sherif Ali, played by Omar Sharif in Lawrence of Arabia. Credit: Columbia Pictures via Getty Images)

Egyptian film star Omar Sharif made his Hollywood debut in Lawrence of Arabia in 1962

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1962, Omar Sharif made his Hollywood debut in Lawrence of Arabia. He was one of Egypt's greatest movie stars.

[LISTEN NOW]

One Man's Escape From Mccarthyism

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In 1951, at the height of the McCarthy era, a time when the US government pursued suspected communists, Victor Grossman was drafted into the army. A committed communist since his teens, he hid his political beliefs.

Stationed in West Germany and under FBI scrutiny, he faced the threat of a possible court martial. To avoid prison, he fled to the Soviet Union in 1952, swimming across the Danube River.

Victor tells Lizzy Kinch about his dramatic escape and life in East Germany. A Whistledown production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In 1951, a US soldier defected to the Soviet Union during the anti-communist crackdown

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1951, amid intense anti-communist sentiment in the US, soldier Victor Grossman defected to the Soviet Union.

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Operation Flagship

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Upon their arrival, they were greeted by cheerleaders andmascots – all law enforcement officers in disguise. It led to one of America's most successful mass arrests with over 100 people being arrested.

One of the ‘cheerleaders' former US Marshal, Stacia Hylton tells Uma Doraiswamy how the plan came together.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Operation Flagship invite sent out to fugitives. Credit: United States Marshals Museum)

How some of America's most wanted were captured under the guise of winning NFL tickets

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 15 December 1985, U.S Marshals conducted a sting operation, where some of America's most wanted fugitives, were captured under the pretence of having won NFL tickets.

[LISTEN NOW]

Operation Mincemeat

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In the early hours of 30 April, 1943, the most audacious hoax of World War Two has just got underway. Its code-name - Operation Mincemeat.

The body of a British naval officer, Major William Martin, has been washed up on a Spanish beach. The dead man is carrying top-secret papers revealing details of a planned Allied invasion, and it's not long before they fall into enemy hands.

But the plans are false and Major Martin doesn't exist.

In a daring mission, British naval intelligence has requisitioned a corpse and dressed him in uniform to plant fake information. It works.

But for decades, no-one knew the real name of the man who'd played the biggest part: Major William Martin.

Enter Roger Morgan, an amateur historian. He tells Jane Wilkinson how Operation Mincemeat unfolded and how he uncovered the major's true identity.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: William Martin's ID card. Credit: National Archives, Kew)

In April, 1943 the most audacious hoax of WW2 began. It was codenamed Operation Mincemeat

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1943 the most audacious hoax of WW2 began. The Nazis discovered secret papers on the body of a British officer washed ashore in Spain. They didn't know every detail was false.

[LISTEN NOW]

Operation Mincemeat

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In the early hours of 30 April, 1943, one of the most audacious hoaxes of World War Two has just got underway. Its code-name - Operation Mincemeat.

But the plans are false and Major Martin doesn't exist.

In a daring mission, British naval intelligence has requisitioned a corpse and dressed him in uniform to plant fake information. It works.

But for decades, no-one knew the real name of the man who'd played the biggest part: Major William Martin.

Enter Roger Morgan, an amateur historian. He tells Jane Wilkinson how Operation Mincemeat unfolded and how he uncovered the major's true identity.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: William Martin's ID card. Credit: National Archives, Kew)

In April 1943, an audacious hoax of WW2 began. It was codenamed Operation Mincemeat

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1943, one of the most audacious hoaxes of WW2 began. The Nazis discovered secret papers on the body of a British officer washed ashore in Spain. All the details were false.

[LISTEN NOW]

Oradour Massacre

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In June 1944, a village in France was destroyed in just one day. German soldiers entered Oradour-sur-Glane and gathered the villagers together. They separated the men from the women and children and took groups to different locations of the village.

On that day, 642 were killed. Robert Hébras was just a teenager at the time.

Robert's granddaughter, Agathe Hébras tells Gill Kearsley his powerful story, from the arrival of the soldiers to his escape and then his realisation that he was one of the few survivors of the massacre.

A warning, this programme contains descriptions of death.

(Photo: Robert Hebras at age 86, walks through the ruins of Oradour-sur-Glane. Credit: Jean-Pierre Muller/AFP via Getty Images)

In June 1944, 642 people were killed in Oradour, France

The village of Oradour in France was destroyed in June 1944, when 642 people were killed in a massacre.

[LISTEN NOW]

Orelh\u00e3o: Brazil's Iconic Egg-shaped Telephone Booth

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In 1971, a female architect called Chu Ming Silveira created Brazil's iconic egg-shaped telephone booth, Orelhão.

More than 50,000 of the booths were installed across Brazil and the design was so successful that other countries decided to use it.

Chu Ming was born in China and moved over to Brazil with her family in 1949, following the end of the Chinese Civil War.

At a time when not many architects were women in the country, she was tasked with creating a design for a cheap, light-weight and visually attractive public phone booth.

Chu Ming died in 1997, aged 58. In 2017, Google decided to celebrate her life by creating a doodle.

Her son, Alan Chu, has been sharing his memories of Chu Ming with Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Chu Ming using an Orelhão phone booth. Credit: Chu Ming Silveira's Collection - Ouvio.arq.br)

In 1971, a female Chinese architect called Chu Ming Silveira created Orelh\u00e3o

In 1971, a female architect called Chu Ming Silveira created Brazil's iconic egg-shaped telephone booth, Orelhão. More than 50,000 of the booths were installed across Brazil.

Orson Welles Broadcasts The War Of The Worlds

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The night before Halloween in 1938, 23-year-old Orson Welles and his Mercury Theatre on the Air performed a radio adaptation of H G Wells's The War of the Worlds.

It would become one of the most notorious radio broadcasts in history. In their own words, from the BBC's archive, Orson Welles, producer John Houseman and writer Howard Koch describe how it was 'a very boring show' until they had the idea to update the science fiction story, using reportage and the name of a real location in New Jersey in the United States, as the scene for where aliens from Mars would invade.

Up to six million people tuned in, most of whom had no idea that what they were listening to was fictional. It prompted mass panic. Orson Welles delights in recalling 'Suddenly everyone started driving at 125 miles per hour,' saying, 'I'm going to the hills'. Produced and presented by Josephine McDermott.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Orson Welles rehearsing The War of the Worlds. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images)

In 1938, Orson Welles terrified radio listeners with The War of the Worlds

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In his own words, from the BBC's archive, actor Orson Welles describes his adaptation of The War of the Worlds which prompted mass panic in the United States in 1938.

[LISTEN NOW]

Oslo's Anti-racism Demonstration

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On 1 February 2001, at least 30,000 people rallied in Oslo after the murder of 15-year-old Benjamin Hermansen by neo-Nazis.

It is thought to be Norway's first racially motivated killing.

News reports said the rally saw the largest crowd in Oslo since the liberation of Norway in 1945.

Benjamin's childhood friend, Luciana Parvaneh Zehi, tells Jen Dale about the march and the events leading up to it.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Picture: Demonstration in Oslo. Credit: Sveinung Ystad/Shutterstock)

In 2001, an anti-racism rally was held in Oslo after a teenager was murdered by neo-Nazis

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In February 2001, tens of thousands of people rallied in Oslo to show their anger against what is considered Norway's first racially motivated murder.

[LISTEN NOW]

Osmondmania

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On 21 October 1973, American heartthrobs The Osmonds were met by hysterical crowds when their plane landed at London's Heathrow Airport.

A surge by some of the 10,000 fans caused a viewing balcony to collapse.

Eighteen people were injured. Four fans were treated in hospital. The term 'Osmondmania' was used across the newspapers.

Donny Osmond shares his memories of it with Josephine McDermott.

(Photo: Fans wait for The Osmonds on the viewing balcony at Heathrow Airport before the collapse)

Donny Osmond shares his memories of teen hysteria in 1973

On 21 October 1973, 10,000 fans waited for The Osmonds to land at London's Heathrow Airport. A crowd surge caused a viewing balcony to collapse. Donny Osmond recalls the scenes.

'panda Diplomacy': China Gifts Pandas To Taiwan

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In 2008, panda-mania hit Taiwan when China gifted the country two giant pandas.

This practice known as ‘panda diplomacy' is thought to date back as far as the 7th Century.

Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan flew into Taiwan and became instant celebrities.

Eve Chen, zookeeper at Taipei Zoo says: “They were extremely cute and adorable. You could call them like the handsome and the beauty, like the Barbie and Ken in a panda. ?

Eve tells Gill Kearsley about their arrival and what it meant to Taiwan.

(Photo: Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan in China. Credit: Visual China Group via Getty Images.)

Giant pandas, Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan, were sent to Taiwan from China as a gift in 2008

Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan, two giant pandas were sent to Taiwan from China as a gift in 2008. The practice of ‘panda diplomacy' is thought to date back as far as the 7th Century.

Paraguay Adopts Its Second Language

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In 1992, Guarani was designated an official language in Paraguay's new constitution, alongside Spanish.

It is the only indigenous language of South America to have achieved such recognition and ended years of rejection and discrimination against Paraguay's majority Guarani speakers.

Mike Lanchin hears from the Paraguayan linguist and anthropologist David Olivera, and even tries to speak a bit of the language.

A CTVC production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: A man reads a book in Guarani. Credit: Norberto Duarte/AFP/Getty Images)

How Guarani was officially recognised in Paraguay's new constitution

Paraguay's official recognition of the indigenous language Guarani ended years of prejudice against its speakers.

Patty Hearst: Rebel Heiress

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When wealthy newspaper heiress Patty Hearst was kidnapped by far-left militants in February 1974, America saw her as a victim.

But two months later, she announced she had decided to join the group. Soon, she was accompanying it on an attempted bank robbery.

In 2010, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Carol Pogash, a journalist who followed the story.

(Photo: Patty being led to her trial. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images)

In 1974, a kidnapped socialite joined forces with her captors

In 1974, kidnapped socialite Patty Hearst shocked America by announcing she was siding with her captors.

Paul Keating's Redfern Speech

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On 10 December 1992, Australia's Prime Minister, Paul Keating, addressed a crowd in a Sydney suburb called Redfern, to mark the UN's International Year of the World's Indigenous People. What started as a low-key affair, is remembered as one of the most powerful speeches in Australian history. It was the first time an Australian Prime Minister took moral responsibility for the horrors committed against Indigenous Australians.

The speech received significant backlash, but it's often credited with paving the way for a later Australian Prime Minister, Kevin Rudd, to issue a formal apology to Indigenous Australians. In 2007, ABC radio listeners voted it the third most unforgettable speech in history behind Martin Luther King's 'I have a dream' speech and Jesus' Sermon on the Mount.

Don Watson wrote the speech. He speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Audio of Redfern speech: National Archives of Australia)

(Photo: Prime Minister Paul Keating at Redfern. Credit: Pickett/The Sydney Morning Herald/Fairfax Media via Getty Images)

In 1992, Australia's Prime Minister addressed atrocities inflicted upon Indigenous people

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1992, Australia's Prime Minister took moral responsibility for the atrocities inflicted upon the country's Indigenous people by white settlers.

[LISTEN NOW]

Peshawar School Massacre

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Ten years ago, the Taliban killed more than 140 people at Peshawar Army School on 16 December 2014.

It's one of the worst terror attacks in Pakistan's history. Chemistry teacher Andaleeb Aftab survived by hiding in the staff toilets.

The majority killed were young students, including Andaleeb's 16-year-old son.

She speaks to Ella Rule.

(Photo: People light candles in memory of victims of the Peshawar Army School terror attack. Credit: ASIF HASSAN/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2014, one of Pakistan's worst terror attacks took place at Peshawar Army School

Ten years ago, teacher Andaleeb Aftab survived one of the worst terror attacks in Pakistan's history. The Taliban stormed a school on 16 December 2014.

[LISTEN NOW]

Peter Singer's Drowning Child Thought Experiment

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In 1971, the region that is now Bangladesh fought for independence from Pakistan. At the time, Peter Singer was a philosophy lecturer at the University of Oxford.

Horrified by the suffering in Bangladesh, Singer wrote an essay in which he put forward his Drowning Child thought experiment, one of the most influential ideas in modern philosophy.

The thought experiment, published in 1972, inspired the Effective Altruism movement, which has led donors to commit billions of dollars to charities. Peter Singer speaks to Ben Henderson.

This programme contains views on disability that some people may find offensive.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Peter Singer in 2001. Credit: Najlah Feanny/Corbis via Getty Images)

In 1972, Peter Singer published one of the most influential ideas in modern philosophy

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1972, the philosopher Peter Singer published his Drowning Child thought experiment, one of the most influential ideas in modern philosophy.

[LISTEN NOW]

Pinyin: The Man Who Helped China To Read And Write

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In 1958, a brand new writing system was introduced in China called Pinyin. It used the Roman alphabet to help simplify Chinese characters into words.

The mastermind behind Pinyin was a professor called Zhou Youguang who'd previously worked in the United States as a banker.

Pinyin helped to rapidly increase literacy levels in China. When it was introduced, 80% of the population couldn't read or write. It's now only a couple of percent.

Despite being responsible for such an important tool in China's development, Zhou was subjected to re-education as part of Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution in the 1960s. He was forced to work on a farm in rural China.

In 2017 Zhou Youguang died aged 111. Matt Pintus has been going through archive interviews to piece together Zhou's life.

This programme contains archive material from NPR and the BBC.

(Photo: Zhou Youguang. Credit: Bloomberg/Getty Images)

In 1958, Zhou Youguang introduced a new writing system in China

In 1958, a brand new writing system was introduced in China by a professor called Zhou Youguang. It was called Pinyin and it helped to rapidly increase Chinese literacy levels.

Poland's Bleak Christmas

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In 1981, the communist government of Poland declared martial law in an attempt to suppress rising protests and strikes.

The civil unrest had been sparked by Solidarity, a trade union which became a social movement.

Tanks and soldiers appeared on the street, Solidarity members were rounded up, and TV and radio stations shut down.

For a devoutly Catholic country – Christmas was a sacred time, but under martial law there would be very little to celebrate this festive season.

Johnny I'Anson hears from Solidarity member and activist Maciek Romejko about a bleak Christmas in Poland.

(Photo: Martial law in Poland. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1981, the communist government of Poland declared martial law to suppress civil unrest

In 1981, tanks and soldiers appeared on the streets of Poland as the communist government tried to suppress rising strikes and protests.

[LISTEN NOW]

Portugal's Worst Train Disaster

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On 11 September 1985 in Mangualde, central Portugal, an express train collided head-on with a regional train killing an estimated 150 people.

The impact destroyed both engines and the leaking diesel caught fire. Many of the bodies were unidentifiable after passengers who survived the collision were trapped in the wreckage and unable to escape the blaze and toxic fumes.

An inquiry found both trains had been allowed to use the same single track line when the express should have had priority. A station master who realised the mistake was unable to contact the drivers in time.

Most of the victims' remains are buried in a mass grave near the disaster site and a small chapel has now been built where memorial services take place every year.

Jacqueline Paine speaks to former voluntary fire station Commander Américo Borges who was one of the first on the scene.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Monument in memory of the Alcafache accident, Portugal. Credit: Vitor Oliveira)

In 1985, two trains collided on a single track line killing an estimated 150 people

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1985, two trains collided head-on killing an estimated 150 people. Many of the victims are unidentifiable after being trapped in the wreckage and unable to escape the blaze.

[LISTEN NOW]

Pramoedya Ananta Toer: The Banned Author Of Indonesia

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In 1969, Indonesian writer Pramoedya Ananta Toer was imprisoned without trial in the notorious labour camp on Buru Island. He spent 10 years there.

He is best known for his novels about the rise of Indonesian nationalism. He wrote much of his work in captivity. As he was denied pen and paper on the island, his most famous work, the Buru Quartet, began as oral storytelling. He narrated the stories to fellow prisoners until he was eventually allowed to write them down himself.

His powerful story is told through archive interviews. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

Indonesian writer, Pramoedya Ananta Toer wrote novels whilst imprisoned on an island

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1969, Indonesian writer Pramoedya Ananta Toer was imprisoned on Buru Island and denied pen and paper, but was determined to carry on with his storytelling.

[LISTEN NOW]

President Clinton Is Impeached

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In 1999, the US Senate chamber in Washington DC was turned into a court to put President Bill Clinton on trial, after he admitted lying about an affair with an intern called Monica Lewinsky. In 2011, Bill Clinton's former press secretary spoke to Neil Razzell. Joe Lockhart recounted the impeachment and the fight to save his presidency.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: White House President Bill Clinton speaks to the press at the White House after the Senate acquitted him in the Senate impeachment trial. Credit: Juana Arias/The Washington Post via Getty Images)

In 1999, US President Clinton was impeached over a relationship with a White House intern

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1999, President Bill Clinton was impeached after admitting lying about an affair with an intern. Bill Clinton's former press secretary, Joe Lockhart, spoke in 2011.

[LISTEN NOW]

President Clinton Plays The Sax In Prague

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In January 1994, two presidents enjoyed a memorable night in the Czech Republic – ending with an impromptu jazz performance.

Five years after the fall of communism, the US president Bill Clinton visited Prague to share his hopes for a new transatlantic alliance.

Key to his vision was his friendship with the Czech president Vaclav Havel, a playwright who had been imprisoned for dissidence during the Cold War.

During the visit, Havel arranged a series of surprises for Clinton including a reunion with the family he had stayed with on a visit to Prague in 1970.

The final surprise took place at the city's famous Reduta jazz club. Havel presented Clinton with a saxophone and the two friends performed together on stage – a moment which came to symbolise the new partnership between East and West.

Vicky Farncombe uses archive from the Vaclav Havel Center and the William J Clinton Presidential Library to relive the big night out.

(Photo: Presidents perform at the Reduta jazz club. Credit: Office of the President of the Czech Republic)

In January 1994, two presidents jammed together on stage in a Prague jazz club

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In January 1994, US president Bill Clinton and Czech president Vaclav Havel performed together on stage at the Reduta jazz club, in Prague.

[LISTEN NOW]

President Richard Nixon Resigns

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On 8 August 1974, Richard Nixon became the first US president in history to resign from office, following the Watergate scandal.

This scandal began with a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in 1972, which was linked to Nixon's re-election campaign.

The release of tapes from within the White House, dubbed the Nixon Tapes, revealed Nixon's involvement in the cover-up, leading to a loss of political support and impending impeachment proceedings.

In 2014, Farhana Haider spoke to journalist Tom DeFrank, who watched the drama unfold minute by minute.

(Photo: Richard Nixon. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1974, Richard Nixon became the first US president in history to resign

Princess Diana At The Taj Mahal

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In 1992, a photograph of Princess Diana alone on a bench in front of the Taj Mahal became one of the most famous photos in the world.

Anwar Hussein was a photographer who documented the lives of the British royal family. His first visit to the Taj Mahal was to photograph Prince Charles in 1980.

He tells Gill Kearsley about his relationship with the royal family and about taking the iconic photograph.

(Photo: Princess Diana alone outside the Taj Mahal. Credit: Anwar Hussein/Getty Images)

The story of a princess, an Indian palace and a photograph which gained worldwide fame

An image of Princess Diana alone on a bench in front of the Taj Mahal became one of the most famous photos in the world in 1992.

Prosecuting Nazis At The Nuremberg Trials

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In November 1945, the first major war crimes trial in history opened in the German city of Nuremberg.

Senior Nazis who had committed atrocities during World War Two were prosecuted by the victorious Allied powers of Britain, the USA, France and the Soviet Union.

In 2014, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Benjamin Ferencz, who helped unearth evidence of mass murder by the Nazi mobile death squads and prosecuted them in Nuremberg.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The defendants in the Nuremberg trials. Credit: US National Archives/via Reuters)

Eighty years ago, in the aftermath of World War Two, a major war crimes trial took place

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Queen Of The 'fro

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In May 1986, 16-year-old Charlotte Mensah went to work in the UK's first luxury Afro-Caribbean hair salon, Splinters.

In London's glamorous Mayfair, Splinters had earned a world-class reputation and hosted the likes of Diana Ross.

Charlotte says it looked more like a five-star hotel than a salon and that its owner, Winston Isaacs expected no less than perfection from all his staff.

Now a giant of the hair care industry in her own right, Charlotte has become known as the 'Queen of the 'fro'.

She tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty about her roots and how training at the legendary Splinters changed her life.

This programme includes an account of racial bullying.

(Photo: Young Charlotte in the salon. Credit: Charlotte Mensah)

In 1986, Charlotte Mensah went to work in the UK's first luxury Afro-Caribbean hair salon

In May 1986, Charlotte Mensah went to work in the UK's first luxury Afro-Caribbean hair salon, Splinters. Located in Mayfair, Splinters had earned a world class reputation.

In May 1986, 17-year-old Charlotte Mensah went to work in the UK's first luxury Afro-Caribbean hair salon, Splinters.

In London's glamorous Mayfair, Splinters had earned a world-class reputation and hosted the likes of Diana Ross and Bob Marley.

Radio Free Europe

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Seventy-five years ago, Radio Free Europe started broadcasting news to audiences behind the Iron Curtain.

It initially broadcast to Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania and programmes were produced in Munich, Germany.

It now reaches nearly 50 million people a week, in 27 languages in 23 countries.

Rachel Naylor speaks to former deputy director, Arch Puddington.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: An engineer at Radio Free Europe in 1960. Credit: Bettmann)

Seventy-five years ago, RFE started broadcasting to audiences behind the Iron Curtain

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Ramesses Ii's 'mummy Makeover'

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In 1976, the 3,000-year-old mummy of Ramesses II was found to have a fungal infection.

The embalmed body of the Egyptian pharaoh was flown from Cairo to Paris for a once-in-a-deathtime makeover.

It received a royal welcome at the airport, and was guarded throughout its restoration, which took place at the Musee de l'Homme.

Anne-Marie Goden worked as a receptionist at the museum. She tells Gill Kearsley the extraordinary story of the restoration.

(Photo: The mummy of Ramesses II being examined in Paris. Credit: Tony Comiti/Sygma via Getty Images)

In 1976, the mummy of Ramesses II was flown from Egypt to Paris for a makeover

The 3,000-year-old mummy of Ramesses II, an Egyptian pharaoh, was found to have a fungal infection. So in 1976, it was flown to Paris for a once-in-a-deathtime makeover.

Anne-Marie Gouden worked as a receptionist at the museum. She tells Gill Kearsley the extraordinary story of the restoration.

(Photo: The mummy of Ramesses II. Credit: Jean-Pierre Tartrat/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

Rana Plaza Building Collapse

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In April 2013, Rana Plaza, an eight-storey building on the outskirts of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, collapsed.

More than 1,000 people died and many others were injured.

The building contained five garment factories which manufactured clothes for well-known international brands.

It was the worst industrial disaster in Bangladesh's history.

Parul Akhter, a sewing machinist who survived the collapse, talks to Dan Hardoon.

Ravi And George

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Following the Beatles' final concert tour, George Harrison travelled to India in 1967 to learn sitar under the renowned musician Ravi Shankar.

Fleeing Beatlemania he travelled in disguise to Mumbai and then to Srinagar in Kashmir.

Listening to BBC archive and using excerpts from a Martin Scorsese documentary, we hear one of the world's most famous guitarists challenge himself to learn a new instrument.

The moment influenced George's spirituality and his burgeoning solo musical career, as well as the Beatles'. It also propelled Ravi Shankar further into the limelight.

The musicians remained lifelong friends. Ravi says they last saw each other on 28 November 2001, the day before George died.

Produced and presented by Surya Elango.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: George Harrison and Ravi Shankar in 1975. Credit: by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images)

In 1967, Ravi Shankar taught the 'quiet Beatle' George Harrison how to play the sitar.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Indian sitarist Ravi Shankar taught the Beatles' lead guitarist George Harrison the sitar, bringing classical Indian music to a western audience.

[LISTEN NOW]

Reagan And Gorbachev: The Geneva Summit

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Forty years ago, in November 1985, two of the world's most powerful leaders met for the first time.

With Cold War tensions running high and the nuclear arms race dominating global politics, US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev came together for the first time at the Geneva Summit.

Using archive recordings, Megan Jones explores what happened during this landmark meeting.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and US President Ronald Reagan at the Geneva Summit 1985. Credit: Universal History Archive/Getty Images)

In 1985, US President Ronald Reagan met Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in Switzerland

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In November 1985, US President Ronald Reagan met the Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in Switzerland. It was a key moment in Cold War diplomacy.

[LISTEN NOW]

Reforming Egypt's Divorce Laws

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Egypt's first lady Jehan Sadat helped lead a campaign to grant women new rights to divorce their husbands and retain custody of their children in 1979.

Married to President Anwar Sadat, she wanted to play a more active role than the wives of previous leaders and told her husband it was his duty to make Egypt more equal for women.

After some persuasion, he issued decrees improving the divorce status of women despite facing a backlash, and these became known as “Jehan's laws ?.

Produced and presented by Reena Stanton-Sharma.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

Egypt's first lady Jehan Sadat campaigned to grant women new rights to divorce in 1979

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1979, Egypt's first lady Jehan Sadat helped lead a campaign to grant women new rights to divorce and retain custody of their children. They became known as “Jehan's laws ?.

In 1979, Egypt's former first lady Jehan Sadat helped lead a campaign to grant women new rights to divorce their husbands and retain custody of their children.

(Photo: Jehan Sadat in 1975. Credit: Hilaria McCarthy/Daily Express/Hulton Archive via Getty Images)

In 1979, Egypt's first lady Jehan Sadat campaigned to grant women new rights to divorce

[LISTEN NOW]

Rehabilitating Kony's Child Soldiers In Uganda

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In 2002, a Catholic nun arrived in Gulu, a town in northern Uganda, to help set up a sewing school for locals.

For years, the town had been the target of brutal attacks by the Lord's Resistance Army, led by the warlord Joseph Kony.

The rebel group was known for kidnapping children and forcing them into becoming soldiers.

As the LRA was being chased out of Uganda, those who were captured arrived at the school seeking refuge.

Sister Rosemary Nyirumbe shares the shocking stories of those who escaped captivity with George Crafer.

(Photo: Sister Rosemary at St Monica's. Credit: Sewing Hope Foundation)

In 2002, a nun was sent to northern Uganda to help those suffering from a bloody conflict

In the 1980s, Joseph Kony's Lord's Resistance Army began attacking Ugandans. Thousands were killed and displaced. Children were forced to become soldiers and commit terrible acts.

Replacing The Panchen Lama

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On 29 November 1995, Tibetan Buddhist leaders attended a secret ceremony in the Tibetan capital, Lhasa. They were present to witness the choice of the next Panchen Lama, a position in Tibetan Buddhism second in importance to the Dalai Lama.

They were met by Chinese armed guards, sent to ensure Chinese influence over the choice of Panchen Lama. The Dalai Lama's choice of Panchen Lama had been kidnapped and disappeared six months earlier.

Arjia Rinpoche, a senior Tibetan Lama, was at the ceremony. He speaks to Alex Strangwayes-Booth.

This is a CTVC production.

(Photo: Arjia Rinpoche in 2008. Credit: Mira Oberman/AFP via Getty Images)

On 29 November 1995, China exerted its influence over Tibetan Buddhism's leadership

On 29 November 1995, China orchestrated the choice of the next Panchen Lama, Tibetan Buddhism's second highest spiritual authority. Arjia Rinpoche was at the ceremony.

[LISTEN NOW]

Rescuing Palmyra's Treasures From The Islamic State Group

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In May 2015, when the ancient city of Palmyra in Syria was about to fall to jihadist fighters, a group of men risked their lives to load centuries-old artefacts from the city's museum onto trucks and drive them to safety.

Before their advance to Palmyra, members of the group that called itself Islamic State had already been filmed for social media smashing statues that dated back to religious life in the Middle East before the Prophet Muhammad.

Khalil Hariri, an archaeology expert who worked at Palmyra's museum, tells Josephine McDermott about his passion for its history and the personal price he has paid for the daring rescue.

(Photo: The damaged site of Palmyra in 2016. The graffiti reads ‘We remain'. Credit: Reuters)

In 2015 Khalil Hariri risked his life to save centuries-old archaeology in Syria

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The archaeologist who risked everything to preserve the world-famous archaeology that a militant group wanted to destroy.

[LISTEN NOW]

Resusci Anne: The World's First Life-saving Resuscitation Dummy

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In 1960, Norwegian toymaker À...smund Lærdal began selling his latest invention - a life-size training dummy designed to teach mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

Resusci Anne is made of soft plastic and resembles an unconscious person.

À...smund wanted as many people as possible to be trained in this new method of life saving and he hoped that a female manikin would be less threatening to trainees.

Anne's now believed to have saved the lives of more than two million people around the world.

Jacqueline Paine speaks to À...smund's son Tore Lærdal, who explains how his father had been inspired by a near-death experience

(Photo: À...smund Lærdal with Resusci Anne in water rescue. Credit: Lærdal Medical)

In May 1960 a Norwegian toy-maker unveiled a life-sized, life-like training manikin

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

After working closely with medical and technical experts, À...smund Lærdal unveils Resusci Anne in May 1960. She would transform medical training and help save millions of lives.

[LISTEN NOW]

Robert Ripley And The 'believe It Or Not' Empire

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In December 1918, sports writer and cartoonist Robert Ripley was struggling to find some content for his column in the New York Globe.

So he compiled and illustrated some of the quirkiest sports facts from the year and created what would go onto become the ‘Believe It or Not' cartoon.

Its popularity grew and, by the time of America's Great Depression, Ripley was a multi-millionaire who would travel the world on his hunt for more weird and wonderful facts.

His empire expanded into radio and, in 1940, he persuaded the Duke of Windsor – who had abdicated from the throne in 1936 - to give his first commercial radio appearance.

John Corcoran, exhibits director at Ripley's, tells Vicky Farncombe about that historic moment.

This programme also includes archive courtesy of the Ripley's Believe It or Not! Archives.

(Photo: Robert Ripley. Credit: Getty Images)

During the Great Depression, cartoonist Robert Ripley made millions from freaky facts

How American cartoonist Robert Ripley created a multi-million dollar empire from freaky facts during the Great Depression.

[LISTEN NOW]

'robocops' In The Democratic Republic Of Congo

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After the death of her brother, engineer Thérèse Izay Kirongozi got to work handmaking huge robots to direct traffic and save lives.

In 2013 they were installed on the streets of Kinshasa, in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

They have green lights on their hands, a red light in their chest, can turn around and live stream to a police control centre, they also sing when children cross the road.

You might also see the ‘female' robots wearing skirts, make-up and hoop earrings.

Thérèse speaks to Megan Jones about her invention.

Handmade robots were installed in DRC's capital city Kinshasa to direct traffic

To direct traffic on the streets of DRC's capital city Kinshasa, handmade robots were installed in 2013. They sing and half are now wearing earrings, makeup and skirts.

[LISTEN NOW]

Roddy Doyle: Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha

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In 1993, the Irish writer Roddy Doyle won the prestigious Booker Prize for Fiction.

His novel, Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha, was remarkable for the way it conveyed gritty drama through the eyes of a 10-year-old boy.

Roddy tells Ben Henderson about his inspiration for Paddy Clarke, how he balanced writing with becoming a father and teaching, and the emotions of the night he won the award.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Roddy Doyle. Credit: Dominic Ledwidge O'Reilly/Independent News and Media via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1993, the Irish writer Roddy Doyle won the prestigious Booker Prize for fiction. His novel, Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha, portrayed life through the eyes of a 10-year-old boy.

[LISTEN NOW]

Ronald Reagan And The Moral Majority

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In 1979, the Moral Majority was launched and changed the course of US politics.

It was set up to promote family values by religious conservatives from Catholic, Jewish and evangelical Christian communities.

It urged Protestants, in particular, to go against the tradition of separating politics and religion. It encouraged them to vote Republican.

Richard Viguerie was one of the driving forces behind the movement.

He spoke to Claire Bowes in 2016.

(Photo: Richard Viguerie and Ronald Reagan. Credit: courtesy of ConservativeHQ.com)

In 1979, the Moral Majority was launched and changed the course of US politics, helping the Republicans into office. Richard Viguerie was one of the movement's driving forces.

Ronald Reagan's 'tear Down This Wall' Speech

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In 1987 US President Ronald Reagan spoke at the Berlin Wall. In his speech he called on the leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev to ‘tear down this wall'.

The famous words were met with applause and cheers by the large crowd of West Berliners who had lived in a divided city since 1961 when the wall was built.

However, that phrase was very nearly omitted from the address. The speechwriter, Peter Robinson, tells Tim O'Callaghan what happened

(Photo: Ronald Reagan speaking outside the Berlin Wall and Brandenburg Gate in 1987, Credit: MIKE SARGENT/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1987 the US President called on the Soviet Union leader to take down the Berlin Wall

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1987 Uunied States President Ronald Reagan spoke at the Berlin Wall. In his speech he called on the leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev to 'Tear down this wall'.

In 1987 United States President Ronald Reagan spoke at the Berlin Wall, in his speech he called on the leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev to 'tear down this wall'.

[LISTEN NOW]

Rosalind Franklin: Dna Pioneer

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In 1951, Rosalind Franklin began one of the key scientific investigations of the century. The young British scientist produced an X-ray photograph that helped show the structure of DNA, the molecule that holds the genetic code that underpins all life.

The discovery was integral to the transformation of modern medicine and has been described as one of the greatest scientific achievements ever.

Farhana Haider spoke to Rosalind's younger sister, Jenifer Glynn, in 2017.

(Photo: Dr Rosalind Franklin. Credit: Donaldson Collection/Michael Ochs Archives via Getty Images)

The scientist produced an X-ray photograph in 1952, that helped show the structure of DNA

In 1951, a young British scientist began a key scientific investigation. Rosalind Franklin produced an X-ray photograph that helped show the structure of DNA.

Russia Annexes Crimea

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In 2014, Russia annexed the strategic Crimean peninsula from Ukraine, a move seen by Kyiv and many other countries as illegal.

The crisis it caused was so acute the world seemed on the brink of a new cold war.

In 2022, one Crimean woman told Louise Hidalgo what it was like to live through.

Russian Ballerina Defects To The West

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In 1970, Natalia Makarova became the first female ballet star to defect to the West from Russia.

The dancer claimed asylum during a UK tour, nine years after another Russian dancer, Rudolf Nureyev, had defected.

Natalia later joined the American Ballet Theatre in New York. She wouldn't return to her home country for almost 20 years.

Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the archive to discover the reasons behind her defection.

(Photo: Natalia Makarova in New York, 1980. Credit: Brownie Harris/Corbis via Getty Images)

In 1970 Natalia Makarova became the first female ballet star to defect from Russia

In 1970, Natalia Makarova became the first female ballet star to defect to the West from Russia. The star of the Kirov ballet company claimed asylum during a UK tour of London.

Sagrada Familia: Completing Gaudi's Vision

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When visionary architect Antoni Gaudi died unexpectedly in 1926, his followers were left with incredible plaster of Paris models showing how to complete his famous church, La Sagrada Familia.

The only problem was they were smashed “to smithereens ? during the Spanish Civil War.

New Zealand architect Mark Burry was part of a small team trying to piece together Gaudi's vision for the Barcelona basilica.

He tells Vicky Farncombe about his first week in the job.

“There were literally thousands and thousands of pieces and lots of missing pieces.

“By day three, I was in despair. ?

He also shares the spine-tingling moment he heard music in the church for the first time.

Sarah Baartman's 200-year Journey Back Home

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In August 2002, the remains of an indigenous South African woman called Sarah Baartman were returned to South Africa after almost 200 years away. Sarah died in Paris in 1815 after being forced to perform in European 'freak shows' where people considered to be biological rarities were paraded for entertainment. She had been subjected to racist and degrading treatment and her remains were exhibited at a French museum until 1976.

When Nelson Mandela became the president of South Africa in 1994, he requested that Sarah's remains be returned to her homeland. However, by 1998 that had not happened. Poet Diana Ferrus decided to write about Sarah's limbo. Her poem became so popular that it was noticed by politicians in France. Diana shares her memories of that time with Matt Pintus.

This programme contains discriminatory language.

In 2002, the remains of an indigenous South African woman called Sarah Baartman were returned to her home country after almost 200 years away.

When Nelson Mandela became the president of South Africa in 1994, he requested that Sarah's remains be returned to her homeland. However, by 1998 that hadn't happened.

Diana has been sharing her memories of that time with Matt Pintus.

The programme contains discriminatory language.

(Photo: Sarah Baartman exhibit at French museum. Credit: AFP via Getty Images)

In 2002, the remains of Sarah Baartman were returned to South Africa

In 2002, the remains of an indigenous South African woman called Sarah Baartman were returned to her homeland after almost 200 years away. Poet Diana Ferrus speaks to Matt Pintus.

Sarin Gas Attack On The Tokyo Subway

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In 1995, an obscure Japanese religion launched a chemical attack on the Tokyo metro.

Members of the doomsday cult, which called itself Aum Shinrikyo, dropped plastic bags containing sarin liquid on the floors of five different trains and then pierced them. As the liquid evaporated passengers began inhaling the deadly fumes. Thirteen people were killed and thousands more injured.

One of the passengers affected that day was Atsushi Asakahara. He spoke to Chloe Hadjimatheou in 2012.

Saving Lives After The 2002 Bali Bombings

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Two bombs ripped through the Kuta area of the Indonesian island of Bali on 12 October 2002.

202 people were killed.

28 burns victims were taken to Royal Perth Hospital, Australia, where plastic surgeon Professor Fiona Wood worked.

She led a team working to save patients suffering between two and 92 percent body burns using ‘spray-on skin'.

Professor Wood speaks to Megan Jones.

(Photo: Professor Fiona Wood. Credit: Fiona Wood Foundation)

Spray-on skin' was used to treat burns victims after bombings on the Indonesian island

After the 2002 Bali terror attack, 28 burns victims arrived at Royal Perth Hospital in Australia. Burns expert Professor Fiona Wood worked to save patients using ‘spray-on skin'.

Saving Lives On D-day

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Charles Norman Shay was a field medic in the United States Army when he landed on the Normandy beach codenamed Omaha on D-Day.

On June 6, 1944, the US 1st Infantry Division faced a bombardment of machine gun fire from the German soldiers on surrounding cliffs.

More than 1,700 men died on Omaha alone. Aged just 19, Charles risked his own life to save his comrades from drowning, for which he was awarded the US silver star for gallantry.

Although he had served his country, as a native American, he was deprived the right to vote until 1954.

Aged 99, he tells Josephine McDermott his remarkable account.

(Photo: Charles Norman Shay in October 1944 in Germany. Credit: Charles Norman Shay)

Charles Norman Shay was honoured for saving men from drowning on Omaha Beach on D-Day

Charles Norman Shay was a field medic in the United States Army when he landed on the Normandy beach codenamed Omaha on D-Day. He was awarded the US silver star for gallantry.

Sazae-san: World's Longest-running Cartoon

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In 1969, a cartoon about a traditional Japanese family premiered on Fuji TV.

More than 55 years later, Sazae-san still airs in its original time slot. It is set in a more patriarchal time when women stay at home and do the housework, and men go to work and like getting drunk.

Sunishi Yukimuro was one of the first writers. He tells Vicky Farncombe how young viewers watch it as a period drama and enjoy the closeness of the family.

“They get most envious when they watch the scenes where everybody gets together to have a meal, ? he says. “We don't have such scenes in current families. People eat separately these days. ?

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Sazae-San. Credit: Hasegawa Michiko Art Museum/ AFP via Getty Images)

In 1969, a Japanese cartoon about a traditional family premiered on Fuji TV

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Sunishi Yukimuro, one of the first writers on Sazae-san, looks back at how the cartoon about a traditional Japanese family became so popular.

[LISTEN NOW]

Siegfried And Roy Tiger Attack

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For nearly 40 years, the magicians Roy Horn and Siegfried Fischbacher wowed audiences in Las Vegas with their death-defying tricks involving white lions and tigers.

But in 2003, their show at the Mirage casino came to a dramatic end when Roy was left partially paralysed after being attacked by a seven-year old tiger called Mantacore live on stage.

Animal trainer Chris Lawrence was backstage at the time and rushed to save Roy. He tells Vicky Farncombe about the terrifying moment.

Silenced, By The Vatican

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In September 1984, the Brazilian theologian Leonardo Boff was summoned to Rome, facing accusations that his writing and teachings were 'dangerous to the faith'.

He is a leading proponent of liberation theology, which says the Church should push for social equality. Leonardo was called to appear before the Roman Catholic Church's highest tribunal.

A year later, he was banned from writing, teaching or speaking publicly. Now in his late 80s, he tells Mike Lanchin about that turbulent time.

A CTVC production for BBC World Service.

(Photo: Leonardo Boff preaching outside a church to followers of Liberation Theology. Credit: Bernard Bisson/Sygma/Getty Images)

How Brazilian priest Leonardo Boff was punished for his writing on liberation theology

In the 1980s, Brazilian priest Leonardo Boff was punished for his writing on liberation theology. It was deemed 'dangerous to the faith'.

Sinking Of The Lusitania

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In 1915, the British ocean liner, the Lusitania, was sunk by a German submarine off the Irish coast, as it sailed from New York to Liverpool.

Thousands of passengers were onboard and 1,200 people died.

The attack helped turn American opinion against Germany.

In 2015, Alex Last used BBC archives to tell the story of the sinking ship.

(Photo: Sinking of the Lusitania. Credit: Universal History Archive/Getty Images)

During World War One, the British ocean liner was sunk by a German submarine

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1915, the British ocean liner was sunk by a German submarine off the coast of Ireland. The attack helped turn American opinion against Germany.

[LISTEN NOW]

Sms: The Invention Of Text Messaging

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In October 1984, as the market for mobile phones was just opening up, one man decided it would be useful if the new technology could be used to send and receive short, electronic messages.

But colleagues of Friedhelm 'Fred' Hillebrand - an engineer for Germany's Deutsche Telekom - told him the system's 160-character limit for text messages rendered it 'useless'.

After spending an evening typing-up birthday, Christmas and fax messages Fred proved them wrong, and within 20 years the SMS or short message service had changed the way we communicate around the world.

Fred Hillebrand tells Jacqueline Paine how text messaging very nearly didn't take off until it was discovered by young people.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: News message on a mobile phone display. Credit: Blick/RDB/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

The invention of the Short Message Service changed how we communicate around the world

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In the mid-1980s a new text messaging system was invented for mobile phones that completely changed the way we communicate.

[LISTEN NOW]

Snake: Popularising Mobile Gaming

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In 1998, the Snake game made its debut on mobile phones. It is known for its simple yet addictive gameplay and played a major role in popularising mobile gaming.

Taneli Armanto is the man responsible for bringing it to our phones, but he only got the task because of mistaken identity.

He tells Gill Kearsley the story behind the game that made millions of people not want to put down their phones.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The hugely addictive game Snake which popularised mobile gaming was first released in 1998.

[LISTEN NOW]

South Africa's First Inter-racial Marriage

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In 1949, inter-racial marriage and relationships were banned by South Africa's apartheid government.

In June 1985, the ban was lifted.

Suzanne La Clerc and Protas Madlala were the first couple to tie the knot under the new rules.

Ashley Burne was speaking to them in 2015.

Protas Madlala died in 2023.

This was a made in Manchester production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: The wedding of Protas Madlala and American Susan Leclerc. Credit: PHILIP LITTLETON/AFP via Getty Images)

For almost 40 years, marriage between people from different ethnic backgrounds was banned

After decades of apartheid, the ban on marriage between people from different ethnic backgrounds was lifted in 1985. The first couple were able to tie the knot.

Ashley Byrne was speaking to them in 2015.

(Photo: The wedding of Protas Madlala and American Susan Leclerc. Credit: Philip Littleton/AFP/Getty Images)

[LISTEN NOW]

South Africa's Luxury Train

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In 1986, South African businessman Rohan Vos was sitting in the bath when he decided to pursue his passion and launch a vintage railway business. However, the venture nearly bankrupted him, and he was forced to sell his family home.

But, improved economic conditions in the 1990s and a chance encounter with a travel agent in London saved the business.

Rovos Rail is now regarded as one of the most luxurious trains in the world, and carries passengers all over the southern half of Africa.

Rohan Vos looks back on the story with Ben Henderson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Rohan Vos. Credit: David Lefranc/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

In 1986, South African businessman Rohan Vos decided to launch a vintage railway business

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

South Africa's Nuclear Weapons

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In 1989, South Africa became the first, and only country to make and then dismantle nuclear weapons.

The project was conducted at Kentron Circle, a secret weapons facility.

André Buys was plant manager and systems engineer at Kentron Circle and was involved in making the weapons.

He tells Gill Kearsley about his work on this once top-secret project.

(Photo: André Buys and his son standing in front of the empty warhead storage vaults at the former Kentron Circle nuclear weapons facility. Credit: André Buys)

In 1989, South Africa became the first country to make and then dismantle nuclear weapons

South Africa became the first, and only country to make and then dismantle nuclear weapons, in 1989.

[LISTEN NOW]

South Africa's Referendum On Apartheid

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On 18 March 1992, white South Africans overwhelmingly backed a mandate for political reforms to end apartheid and create a power-sharing multi-racial government.

It was a high-stakes referendum coming on the back of three by-elections where the ruling National Party had lost to the right wing Conservative party.

In a speech after the polling victory, President FW de Klerk said: “Today we have closed the book on apartheid ?. His communications adviser, David Steward speaks to Josephine McDermott.

(Photo: President FW de Klerk with news of the referendum win. Credit: AP)

The last whites-only vote in South Africa was held in 1992

In 1992 FW de Klerk asked white South Africans to vote yes to continuing negotiations to abolish apartheid and create a new constitution.

Soweto Uprising: Children Who Marched Against Apartheid

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When South African schoolchildren marched in protest against having to study Afrikaans in 1976, they were gunned down by the police.

The killings sparked a cycle of protests across the country against the racist apartheid regime.

In 2010, march organiser Bongi Mkhabela told Alan Johnston about her memories of the Soweto uprising.

(Photo: Protestors on the march. Credit: Bongani Mnguni/CityPress/Gallo Images/Getty Images)

In 1976, an uprising was sparked when demonstrating children were gunned down

In 1976, demonstrating black schoolchildren were gunned down in South Africa. The result was the anti-apartheid Soweto uprising.

Soweto Uprising: The School Children Who Marched Against Apartheid

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When South African schoolchildren marched in protest against having to study Afrikaans in 1976, they were gunned down by the police.

The killings sparked a cycle of protests across the country against the racist apartheid regime.

In 2010, march organiser Bongi Mkhabela told Alan Johnston about her memories of the Soweto uprising.

(Photo: Protestors on the march. Credit: Bongani Mnguni/CityPress/Gallo Images/Getty Images)

In 1976, an uprising was sparked when demonstrating children were gunned down

In 1976, demonstrating black schoolchildren were gunned down in South Africa. The result was the anti-apartheid Soweto uprising.

Spain Welcomes Picasso's Guernica

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In 1981 one of the world's most iconic works of art – Guernica - was finally handed to Spain after a 44-year exile.

Pablo Picasso had created the huge mural in 1937 followed the bombing of the Basque town of Guernica during the Spanish civil war.

And, after being shown in Paris, the painting went on tour in Europe and America, where it was loaned to the Museum of Modern Art in New York.

At the time, Picasso swore the painting would never hang in Spain until the country returned to democracy.

It wasn't until after the death of the dictator General Francisco Franco that discussions began to transfer the painting to Spain. Ambassador Rafael Fernandez-Quintanilla was one of the negotiators.

Jane Wilkinson has been through the BBC archives to find out how Rafael helped end the exile. Additional archive from British Pathe.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Guernica on display in Madrid, 1981. Credit: Gianni Ferrari/Getty Images)

In 1981 the iconic painting, Guernica, was finally handed to Spain after a 44-year exile

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1981 the iconic painting, Guernica, was finally handed to Spain after a 44-year exile. Pablo Picasso created the artwork after the town was bombed in the Spanish civil war.

[LISTEN NOW]

Spain's La Tomatina

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In 1945, a fight broke out between two groups of teenage boys during a parade in the Spanish town of Buñol in Valencia. The boys ended up throwing tomatoes at each other.

They decided to repeat the deed every year on the anniversary of the first fight, defying disapproving looks from older neighbours and even bans by the city council.

Eight decades later, their shenanigans have led to one of Spain's most popular and international festivals, as well as the largest tomato fight in the world: La Tomatina.

Thousands of people, some of them from faraway countries, travel to the small town, to toss tomatoes to each other for an hour, and dive into a sea of tomato juice.

Goltran Zanon is the only one of those boys who is still alive. He told the story to his daughter Maria Jose Zanon, and Valencian history teacher Enric Cuenca Yxeres. They talk to Stefania Gozzer about Goltran's memories of the first Tomatina.

(Photo: Woman is pelted with tomatoes during La Tomatina festival. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1945, a spat between teenage boys was the seed for the world's largest tomato fight

In 1945, a spat between two groups of teenage boys in the Spanish town of Buñol was the seed for the world's largest tomato fight: the Tomatina.

(Photo: Paul on the landing pad. Credit: Melissa Broadbent)

Spot The Dog

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In 1978, British artist Eric Hill designed an interactive book about a yellow puppy for his two-year-old son, Chris.

Eric had noticed Chris kept lifting up the paper he was working on to see what was underneath and it inspired him to come up with a new format for a children's book - lift-the-flap.

Since Where's Spot? was published in 1980, more than 65 million copies of Spot books have been sold worldwide, in more than 60 languages.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Eric's son, Chris Hill.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Eric Hill with Spot in 1984. Credit: Ted Bath / Daily Express / Hulton Archive / Getty Images)

In 1978, British artist Eric Hill designed a book about a puppy for his two-year-old son

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Srebrenica Massacre

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It's 30 years since a massacre of Bosnian Muslims during the war in the former Yugoslavia.

The Srebrenica massacre, recognised by the United Nations as a genocide, was the shocking climax of the war in Bosnia.

In 2014, Louise Hidalgo talked to Hasan Nuhanović whose father, brother and mother were among the 8,000 Bosnians killed.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Graves of those killed in the Srebrenica massacre. Credit: Pierre Crom/Getty Images)

The worst atrocity Europe had seen since World War Two

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In July 1995, Bosnian Serb fighters killed thousands of Muslim men and boys.

[LISTEN NOW]

St Teresa Of Avila's Severed Hand

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After winning the Spanish Civil War in 1939, Franco's dictatorship began. During the war, he acquired St Teresa of Avila's severed hand and kept it for spiritual guidance, it was returned when he died in 1975.

The hand was initially stolen by General Franco's opposition from a convent in Ronda, but Franco's nationalist soldiers took it for themselves when they won the Battle of Malaga.

Sister Jenifer is the Mother Superior of the Church of Our Lady of Mercy, Ronda, where the hand is kept on display for people to see.

She tells Johnny I'Anson who St Teresa was, why her hand was cut off, and what made it special.

(Photo: Monument of Saint Teresa of Avila, Spain. Credit: digicomphoto/Getty Images)

How General Franco kept the hand of St Teresa of Avila for spiritual guidance

During the Spanish Civil War, General Franco acquired St Teresa of Avila's severed hand. He relied on it for spiritual guidance until his death.

Staging Othello In Apartheid South Africa

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In September 1987, Othello was staged at the Market Theatre in Johannesburg during the apartheid regime in South Africa. The Immorality Act, which banned sexual relationships between white people and non-white people, had been repealed in 1985. But the Shakespeare play was controversial, especially the scene where the black actor, John Kani, kissed the white actress playing his wife. The play was directed by South African born actress Dame Janet Suzman, who looks back on the remarkable story. Produced by Jen Dale.

(Photo: Joanna Weinberg, left, Richard Haines, rear centre, and John Kani, right, performing Othello. Credit: Ruphin Coudyzer/AP)

Dame Janet Suzman recalls directing Shakespeare's classic in 1987

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In September 1987, Shakespeare's Othello was staged in Johannesburg, South Africa. It starred black actor, John Kani, who kissed a white actress.

[LISTEN NOW]

Stalin's Great Terror In Georgia

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Between 1937 and 1938, Soviet leader Josef Stalin carried out his most severe purge in Georgia.

Known as the Great Terror, thousands of political rivals, intellectuals and ordinary citizens were executed without trial and buried in mass graves.

Dan Hardoon speaks to Levan Pesvianidze in Tbilisi, Georgia, whose grandfather Viktor and uncle Giorgi were both executed.

(Photo: Russian soviet-leader, Josef Stalin 1940. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

In the late 1930s, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin carried out his most severe purge

Hundreds of thousands of political rivals, intellectuals and ordinary citizens were executed without trial during the Great Terror.

Stopping Taiwan's Nuclear Weapons Programme

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In January 1988, Dr Gray Chang, a Taiwanese nuclear scientist, helped the US halt Taiwan's nuclear weapons programme.

He was the deputy director at the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, which was responsible for secretly developing nuclear weapons.

He also says he was a spy for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), who helped him to defect to the US with his family.

He speaks to Rachel Naylor.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Dr Gray Chang and his wife Betty in Idaho in 1993. Credit: Gray Chang)

In January 1988, the US halted Taiwan's nuclear weapons plans

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In January 1988, the US halted Taiwan's nuclear weapons plans, thanks to the testimony of a scientist.

[LISTEN NOW]

Straightening The Leaning Tower Of Pisa

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On 15 December 2001, the Leaning Tower of Pisa reopened to the public after an unprecedented 11-year closure.

Famous worldwide for its dramatic lean, the tower also became, during the 1990s, the most closely monitored building on Earth. Engineers and scientists watched anxiously as the tilt worsened year by year, raising the very real possibility that the tower could topple.

The lengthy restoration effort — invisible to tourists but watched closely by experts — was a race against time, during which visitors were barred from climbing the tower for over a decade.

The complex €27 million stabilization project reduced the tower's tilt by around 17 inches, securing the iconic structure for an estimated 200–300 years.

Nunziante Squeglia, professor of geotechnics at the University of Pisa, tells Colm Flynn about the extraordinary moment the tower reopened.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: The Leaning Tower of Pisa. Credit: Martin Ruegner/via Getty Images)

In 2001, the Leaning Tower of Pisa reopened to the public after an 11-year closure.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Strictly Come Dancing

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Television extravaganza Strictly Come Dancing debuted in May 2004 in the UK, bringing ballroom dancing to a whole new generation. Pairing celebrities with professionals, it has gone on to become one of the most successful TV competitions in the world. In several countries, it's called Dancing with the Stars.

In 2019, co-creator and executive producer Karen Smith spoke to Ashley Byrne about the bright, shiny and glittery TV success story.

A Made in Manchester production.

(Photo: Sir Bruce Forsyth and Tess Daly from Strictly Come Dancing. Credit: BBC)

Television extravaganza Strictly Come Dancing debuted in 2004 in the UK

Ballroom dancing was brought to a whole new generation in May 2004 with the debut of television extravaganza Strictly Come Dancing in the UK. The TV format has now gone global.

[LISTEN NOW]

Subway Art: The Graffiti Bible

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In 1984, urban photographers Martha Cooper and Henry Chalfant came together to publish an era-defining book about the early graffiti movement.

They had been documenting the work of graffiti arts on the subways system of New York for many years.

The colourful book was called Subway Art and it quickly became known as the graffiti bible.

Forty years on from its release, Martha and Henry explore its enduring legacy with Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Marta Cooper and Henry Chalfant pictured at the 25th anniversary event for Subway Art. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1984, Henry Chalfant and Martha Cooper released an iconic photography book

In 1984, photographers Martha Cooper and Henry Chalfant came together to publish an era-defining book about the early graffiti movement. They speak to Matt Pintus.

Sukarno: The Founding Father Of Indonesian Independence

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On the morning of 17 August 1945, the Indonesian nationalist leader, Sukarno, read out a statement declaring independence.

It was broadcast to the country on radio and it came just two days after Japan's surrender at the end of World War II.

The announcement marked the culmination of years of struggle against Dutch colonial rule, which had lasted for over three centuries.

Sukarno's youngest daughter, Kartika Soekarno, speaks to Matt Pintus about the journey to independence.

Supermalt: The Malt Drink Created After The Nigerian Civil War

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In 1972, a food supplement used by soldiers during the Nigerian civil war was turned into a popular malt drink by a brewery in the Danish town of Faxe.

It was called Supermalt and it became so popular that the Nigerian government decided to ban all imports of malt into the country.

Peter Rasmussen created the drink and he has been sharing his memories with Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Supermalt. Credit: Royal Unibrew Ltd)

In 1972, a Danish brewery created Supermalt

Surviving An Acid Attack And Changing The Law

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In 2013, India's Supreme Court made a landmark ruling aimed at transforming the lives of acid attack survivors.

It followed a campaign led by Laxmi Agarwal, who at the age of 15 was burned by acid thrown over her body.

The attack changed Laxmi's life and scarred her face. In 2006, she took legal action demanding a ban on the sale of acid and more help for survivors.

But it took seven years of campaigning before the court made a ruling, as Laxmi tells Jane Wilkinson.

(Photo: Laxmi Agarwal. Credit: Deepak Gupta/Hindustan Times via Getty Images)

In 2013, acid attack survivors in India celebrated a landmark Supreme Court ruling

In 2013, acid attack survivors in India celebrated a landmark court ruling. The campaign for tougher laws was led by Laxmi Agarwal, who was scarred with acid at the age of 15.

Surviving Andes Plane Crash

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When a plane carrying a team of young rugby players crashed into the Andes mountains in 1972, search teams soon gave up hope.

But two months later, 16 passengers of Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 emerged alive.

The events became known as ‘The Miracle of the Andes' and have previously been told in documentaries and films including Society of the Snow.

One horrifying detail continues to fascinate audiences - the starving men were only able to stay alive by eating the bodies of those who died.

In 2009, Nando Parrado told Louise Hidalgo about their extraordinary story of survival.

(Photo: Wreckage of the plane in the Andes. Credit: Bettmann/Contributor)

In 1972, 16 people survived for two months in the Andes mountains after a plane crash

How 16 young men survived a plane crash and two months in the freezing Andes by eating the remains of their dead friends.

[LISTEN NOW]

Surviving Chile's Tsunami

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In 2010, an 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Chile.

It shook the central and southern parts of the country for more than three minutes, causing widespread damage which destroyed buildings, bridges and roads.

The earthquake triggered a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean, which travelled 600 kilometres west to the remote island of Juan Fernandez where Alison Campbell and her family were on holiday.

Hundreds of people died, and thousands were left injured and homeless.

Alison Campbell tells Jane Chambers what it was like when the tsunami struck.

(Photo: Rescue workers in Juan Fernandez. Credit: JORGE AMENGUAL/AFP via Getty Images).

In 2010, an earthquake struck the coast of Chile triggering a tsunami

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2010, an 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Chile. This triggered a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean, which travelled to the remote island of Juan Fernandez.

[LISTEN NOW]

Surviving Re-education In China's Cultural Revolution

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In 1968, Jingyu Li and her parents were among hundreds of thousands of Chinese people sent to labour camps during Mao Zedong's so-called cultural revolution.

The aim was to re-educate those not thought to be committed to Chairman's Mao drive to preserve and purify communism in China.

Jingyu's parents – both college professors - were put to work among the rice and cattle fields, and made to study the works of Chairman Mao. Fearful for their daughter's safety, they disguised six-year-old Jingyu as a boy.

Over the next six years, the family were sent to four different camps. Not everyone could cope, as Jingyu tells Jane Wilkinson.

(Photo: Reading Mao's little red book in 1968. Credit: Pictures from History/Getty Images)

Thousands of people were sent to re-education camps during China's cultural revolution

In 1968, Jingyu Li and her parents were among thousands sent to labour camps during Mao Zedong's cultural revolution. The communist regime said they needed to be 're-educated'.

Surviving The Fall Of Saigon In 1975

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When South Vietnam fell to communist forces in 1975, most could not escape.

In the last days, the United States airlifted its remaining personnel and some high-ranking Vietnamese officials - but millions were left behind to await their fate. In 2021 Alex Last spoke to one South Vietnamese veteran who remained in Saigon as North Vietnamese forces took the city.

Dr Tran Xuan Dung served as a doctor in the South Vietnamese Marines. He would spend three years imprisoned in a 're-education' camp before fleeing with his family in 1978.

(Photo: Captured South Vietnamese soldiers outside the Presidential Palace in Saigon. Credit: ADN-Bildarchiv/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

When South Vietnam fell, most people couldn't escape

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1975 South Vietnam fell to North Vietnamese soldiers after the US withdrew support.

[LISTEN NOW]

Surviving The Rwandan Genocide

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April 1994 was the start of the Rwandan genocide, 100 days of slaughter, rape and atrocities.

As part of the Tutsi ethnic group, Antoinette Mutabazi's family were a target for the killings.

So her father told her to run, leaving her family behind. She was just 11 years old.

As a survivor of the genocide, she speaks publicly about reconciliation and forgiveness. She tells Rosie Blunt her story.

(Photo: Antoinette as an adult. Credit: HMDT)

April 1994 was the start of the Rwandan genocide. One hundred days of atrocities followed

April 1994 was the start of the Rwandan genocide. One hundred days of slaughter, rape and other atrocities followed.

Sweden's Cinnamon Bun Day

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Sweden's most beloved pastry is the cinnamon bun and every year on 4 October, locals celebrate the sweet, spiced snacks.

The country's first official Cinnamon Bun Day (or Kanelbullens dag in Swedish) took place in 1999.

The woman behind the idea, Kaeth Gardestedt, tells Maddy Savage how the Swedish public embraced the event and turned it into a huge annual tradition.

(Photo: Traditional Swedish cinnamon buns. Credit: Natasha Breen/REDA&CO/Universal Images Group/Getty Images)

In 1999, a delicious new tradition was born in Sweden's kitchens

In 1999, Kaeth Gardestedt came up with the idea for Cinnamon Bun Day and a delicious new tradition was born in Sweden's kitchens.

Sweden's Diplomatic Freeze With The Usa

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Outraged by the Christmas bombings of Hanoi in 1972 by the USA during the Vietnam War, the Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme made a critical speech.

He compared the US's actions to several massacres from history, including the killing of hundreds of thousands of Jews at the Treblinka Concentration Camp by the Nazis.

President Richard Nixon and National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger reacted by re-calling their ambassador and refusing to accept the Swedish counterpart.

Jan Ellisson was the first person to see the speech in the Swedish embassy in Washington and spent the next 15 months working to re-establish relations.

He has been speaking to Tim O'Callaghan.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme, who made the speech about the Hanoi bombings. Credit: Sjöberg Bildbyrå/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

In 1972, a speech by the Swedish Prime Minister caused a break-down in relations

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Relations between the two nations broke down in 1972, after criticism over the US bombing of Hanoi by the Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme.

[LISTEN NOW]

Sweden's Pioneering Paternity Leave

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Fifty years ago Sweden became the first country in the world to offer paid parental leave that was gender neutral.

The state granted mothers and fathers 180 days that they could divide between them however they saw fit.

The pioneering policy was designed to promote gender equality, but it wasn't an instant success.

Later governments decided to increase the number of leave days available and ring-fenced some specifically for each parent.

Maddy Savage went to meet Per Edlund who was one of the first fathers in his town, Katrineholm, to embrace the new benefit.

A Bespoken Media production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: Per Edlund with his youngest daughter Märta Edlund. Credit: Maddy Savage)

Fifty years ago Sweden introduced gender neutral parental leave

50 years ago Sweden became the first country in the world to offer paid parental leave that was gender neutral.

50 years ago Sweden introduced gender neutral parental leave

Sweden's Shocking Sugar Experiment

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In the 1940s, some vulnerable Swedish hospital patients were fed large amounts of sugary sweets as part of an experiment to see what it would do to their teeth.

Researchers considered the study a success as it led to new recommendations for children to eat sweets just once a week.

In the 1990s, the unethical aspects of the experiment emerged when Elin Bommenel became the first researcher to gain access to the original documents from the experiments. Despite her findings, no official apology has been given by the Swedish government.

Elin tells Frida Anund about the revelations.

A PodLit production.

[LISTEN NOW]

Sweden's Shocking Sugar Study

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In the 1940s, some vulnerable Swedish hospital patients were fed large amounts of sugary sweets as part of an experiment to see what it would do to their teeth.

Researchers considered the study a success as it led to new recommendations for children to eat sweets just once a week.

In the 1990s, the unethical aspects of the experiment emerged when Elin Bommenel became the first researcher to gain access to the original documents from the experiments. She tells Frida Anund about the revelations.

A Podlit production.

[LISTEN NOW]

Syria's Secret Library

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During the Syrian civil war, a group of young men in the besieged town of Darayya came together to build a secret library. Braving snipers and bombardment, they rescued thousands of books from bombed-out buildings to rehouse. The library was a symbol of hope for a community fractured by war. Surya Elango speaks to Malik Alrifaii, a young volunteer who helped run the library.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

The building of a secret library in the town of Darayya during the Syrian civil war

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

How thousands of books were rescued from bombed-out buildings in the besieged town of Darayya during the Syrian civil war.

[LISTEN NOW]

Tamagotchi Is Born

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The Tamagotchi was first released in Japan in 1996 after it was developed by Akihiro Yokoi and his colleagues at his toy development company.

Measuring just a few centimetres long, the egg-shaped digital gadget was home to a series of pixelated alien pets.

Owners had to feed, clean and play with their pets by pressing three tiny buttons. Looking after your Tamagotchi and seeing them evolve was thrilling for many children and its popularity quickly spread from Japan across the world.

Almost 100 million Tamagotchis have been sold in more than 50 countries.

Akihiro Yokoi tells Emily Uchida Finch how the hit toy was born, and the impact its prevalence has had on his life and career.

A Whistledown production for BBC Witness History.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo:Tamagotchi.Credit:Yves Forestier/Sygma via Getty Images)

In 1996, the Tamagotchi was first released in Japan

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Tamagotchi was developed by Akihiro Yokoi and his colleagues at his toy development company in Japan.

[LISTEN NOW]

Tanzania Adopted Swahili To Unite The Country

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After Tanzania, then called Tanganyika, became independent from Britain in 1961, the country's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the national language to unite its people.

Walter Bgoya tells Ben Henderson about his conversations with Nyerere and how the policy changed Tanzania.

(Photo: Julius Nyerere. Credit: Keystone via Getty Images)

Tanzania's leader Julius Nyerere made Swahili the official language in the early 1960s

After Tanzania's independence in 1961, the country's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the national language to unite its people. Walter Bgoya recounts how the country changed.

Tanzania Adopts Swahili To Unite The Country

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After Tanzania, then called Tanganyika, became independent from Britain in 1961, the country's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the national language to unite its people.

Walter Bgoya tells Ben Henderson about his conversations with Nyerere and how the policy changed Tanzania.

(Photo: Julius Nyerere. Credit: Keystone via Getty Images)

Tanzania's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the official language in the early 1960s

After Tanzania's independence in 1961, the country's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the national language to unite its people. Walter Bgoya recounts how the country changed.

Ten Countries Join The Eu In One Night

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On 1 May 2004, the European Union went through its biggest ever enlargement. 10 countries joined including eight from the former Soviet Union's sphere of influence. For some, it was the moment the Eastern Bloc threw off the shackles of the Cold War and embraced a prosperous future in the EU. For others, it was the moment European countries lost control of their borders, leading to mass migration. Twice Italian Prime Minister, Professor Romano Prodi, was President of the European Commission at the time. He speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: People celebrate the Czech Republic joining the EU. Credit: Sean Gallup via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 1 May 2004, the European Union went through its biggest ever enlargement. Twice Italian Prime Minister, Romano Prodi, was President of the European Commission at the time.

[LISTEN NOW]

Tesla And Edison: Electricity Rivals

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By 1915, the two great rivals, Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison, had brought electricity to the world.

It was reported that they were set to share the Nobel Prize for Physics, but it never happened.

In 2011, Claire Bowes spoke to Tesla's biographer Mark Seifer and relative William Terbo.

(Photo: Nikola Tesla in c.1896 and Thomas Edison in 1893. Credit: Bettmann and SSPL/Getty Images)

In 1915, two rival electricity pioneers were told they would share a Nobel Prize

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The story of Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison's rivalry in the development of electric power. They were put forward as nominees for the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1915.

[LISTEN NOW]

Tetris: The Birth Of An All-time Favourite

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In 1984, Russian engineer Alexey Pajitnov invented the popular computer game Tetris. But it wasn't until American businessman Henk Rogers joined him that the game became an all-time favourite in video game consoles across the world.

Chloe Hadjimatheou spoke to both of them about how the idea of the game originated and the challenges of exporting it from the Soviet Union. This programme was first broadcast in 2011.

(Photo: Tetris 99. Credit: Getty Images)

The game was created by a Russian and marketed by an American during the Cold War

In 1984, Russian engineer Alexey Pajitnov invented the popular game Tetris. But it wasn't until American businessman Henk Rogers joined him, that it became an all-time favourite.

The 1924 Paris Olympics

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The last time Paris held the Olympic Games was 100 years ago in 1924.

More than 3,000 athletes from 44 nations took part, of which only 135 were women, in 17 sports.

Rachel Naylor goes through the BBC archive for interviews with two British medallists - the sprinter Harold Abrahams and the tennis player Kitty Godfree.

(Photo: Harold Abrahams winning gold at the Olympics in Paris, in 1924. Credit: Jewish Chronicle / Heritage Images / Getty Images)

The last time Paris held the Olympic Games was 100 years ago in 1924. More than 3,000 athletes from 44 nations took part in 17 sports.

The 1965 Freedom Riders Of Australia

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A warning for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander listeners - this programme contains the names of people who have died.

Nearly 60 years ago, a group of university students set out on a bus to challenge the discrimination of Australia's indigenous people.

Led by Sydney University's first indigenous undergraduate, Charles Perkins, they toured north-western New South Wales highlighting the public pools, cinemas, theatres and pubs in country towns where Aboriginal people were excluded or segregated from white people.

Darce Cassidy was recording the journey for a radio programme. We hear 19-year-old Brian Aarons demonstrating at a swimming pool in Moree where Aboriginal children were not normally allowed to swim.

He and Gary Williams, an indigenous student, recall the Freedom Ride to Josephine McDermott, including the moment when they made the national news by ordering a beer together in a Bowraville pub.

(Photo: The 1965 Freedom Riders. Brian Aarons and Gary Williams sit fifth and fourth from the right, one row from the back. Credit: Reproduced with permission of Wendy Watson-Ekstein and Ann Curthoys)

The students who challenged the discrimination of Australia's indigenous people

In 1965 a group of students set out on a Freedom Ride to expose the discrimination of Aboriginal people.

It would be one of Australia's most significant civil rights events.

(In the picture, Brian Aarons and Gary Williams sit fifth and fourth from the right, one row from the back)

(Photo: The 1965 Freedom Riders. Credit: Reproduced with permission of Wendy Watson-Ekstein and Ann Curthoys)

In 1965 a group of students set out on a Freedom Ride to expose the discrimination of Aboriginal people. It would be one of Australia's most significant civil rights events.

The 1968 Mexico City Massacre

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On 2 October 1968, thousands of students protested in Mexico City, 10 days before the Olympics.

The students wanted the government to free political prisoners and respect their right to protest.

More than 4,000 activists came to the Plaza de las Tres Culturas in the capital's Tlatelolco district that evening.

It resulted in Mexican soldiers opening fire on the protesters. The death toll has never been confirmed, a government report from the time put it at 26, while student leaders estimated it at more than 100.

In 2011, one of the young protesters, David Huerta, spoke to Julian Miglierini.

(Photo: Students arrested by police in Tlatelolco on 2 October 1968. Credit: Bettmann / Contributor via Getty Images)

The massacre in Mexico City in October 1968, 10 days before the Olympics

In October 1968, soldiers opened fire on a demonstration by university students in Tlatelolco Plaza in Mexico City.

The 1980 Turkey Coup

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On 12 September 1980, the army took control in Turkey.

It was not the first time they had done so. It was the third coup d'état in the history of the Republic of Turkey, the previous having been in 1960 and 1971.

The coup followed growing street fighting between left and right-wing groups. Politicians were arrested and parliament, political parties and trade unions were dissolved.

Following the coup at least 50 people were executed and around half a million were detained. Many were tortured and hundreds died in custody.

In 2011 Jonathan Head spoke to Vice Admiral Isik Biren, who was an official in the defence ministry, and a former student activist, Murat Celikkan, about their different memories of that time.

(Photo: Portraits of people killed or tortured during the coup displayed in a courthouse in Ankara, the capital of Turkey. Credit: Adem Atlan/ Getty Images)

On 12 September 1980, the military took control of Turkey

In 1980, fighting between left and right-wing groups led Turkey's military to take control of the country and detain hundreds of thousands of people.

The 1993 Mad Hijack

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On 25 October1993, a Nigerian Airways flight from Lagos to Abuja was hijacked by four teenagers calling themselves the Movement for the Advancement of Democracy (MAD).

They demanded the removal of the military-backed government, who had annulled the results of that year's election.

The plane was forced to land in Niger and later stormed after a protracted hostage crisis.

Obed Taseobi was a passenger on the flight. He tells his story to Jill Achineku.

A Whistledown production for BBC World Service.

(Picture: Murtala Muhammed International Airport in Lagos. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1993, a Nigerian Airways flight from Lagos to Abuja was hijacked

The 2010 Kampala Bombings

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In July 2010, two bombs went off at a rugby club in Uganda's capital Kampala. It was where hundreds had gathered to watch the football World Cup final.

The attack killed 74 people and injured 85 others.

The militant Islamist group al-Shabab staged the attack as revenge for Uganda's efforts to fight it in Somalia.

Kuddzu Isaac, who witnessed the explosions, tells George Crafer the graphic details of what he saw.

(Photo: The moment after the blasts, survivors look on in shock. AFP/Getty Images)

Bombings in Uganda in 2010 killed 74. Many were football fans watching the World Cup

A day of enjoyment became a nightmare when bombs detonated at a Ugandan rugby club where fans were watching the football World Cup final.

The 84-year-old Primary School Pupil

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In 2004, Kimani Maruge became the oldest man to start primary school when he enrolled at the Kapkenduiywo Primary School in Kenya.

The 84-year-old student was a former soldier who had fought against colonial rule in the Mau Mau independence movement.

He missed out on school as a child so when the Kenyan government scrapped all fees for state primary education, he saw his chance to finally learn to read and write.

Kimani's former teacher Jane Obinchu tells Vicky Farncombe how his story inspired people all over the world.

(Photo: Kimani Maruge attends class at Kapkenduiywo Primary School in Kenya. Credit: Reuters/Thomas Mukoya)

In 2004, Kenyan great grandfather Kimani Maruge became the oldest person to start school

How Kimani Maruge became the oldest man to start primary school. The 84-year-old great grandfather studied at the Kapkenduiywo Primary School in Kenya.

The Acquittal Of Oj Simpson

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It's 30 years since American football star OJ Simpson was acquitted of murdering his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman.

Ron Shipp was a close friend of OJ Simpson's and also a police officer, he decided to testify against him in the criminal trial.

In 2017, Ron spoke to Rebecca Kesby about why he wanted to testify.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: OJ Simpson at his double murder trial. Credit: VINCE BUCCI/AFP via Getty Images)

The American football star was found not guilty of double murder in 1995

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1995, American football star OJ Simpson was acquitted of murdering his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ron Goldman, who were found stabbed to death in Los Angeles.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Aga Khan Meets Florence Nightingale

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In 1898, the British founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale, invited the Muslim leader Aga Khan III around to her London home for tea.

They were two of the most famous figures of the 20th century and their discussion was wide-ranging, touching on faith, healthcare and even Queen Victoria.

The Aga Khan, Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah, spoke to the BBC about the meeting in 1950.

This programme was produced and presented by Rachel Naylor, in collaboration with BBC Archives.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Aga Khan III, June 1924. Credit: MacGregor / Topical Press Agency / Getty Images)

In 1898, Florence Nightingale invited the Aga Khan around to her London home for tea

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1898, the founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale, invited the Muslim leader, Aga Khan III, around to her London home for tea.

[LISTEN NOW]

The American Freedom Train

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In April 1975, the American Freedom Train set out on a tour across the United States to celebrate 200 years of American independence.

On-board were more than 500 priceless artefacts, documenting important moments in America's history - including an original copy of the Constitution, Thomas Edison's first working light bulb and a NASA lunar rover.

Over the next 21 months, seven million people visited the travelling museum as it made its epic journey around 48 states.

Jacqueline Paine speaks to former train security guard Lou Nelson, about taking America's history to the people, as the country prepares to celebrate its 250th anniversary.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: People in Archbold, Ohio queue to see the American Freedom Train, June 1975. Credit: AP)

In 1975, the train began a 21-month tour of the US celebrating 200 years of independence

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In April 1975, the train began a tour of the US to celebrate 200 years of American independence. On board were more than 500 museum pieces documenting America's history.

(Photo: Local people in Archbold, Ohio queue to see the American Freedom Train, June 1975. Credit: AP)

[LISTEN NOW]

The Arctic's Doomsday Seed Vault

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In January 2008, seeds began arriving at the world's first global seed vault, buried deep in a mountain on an Arctic island, 1,000km north of the Norwegian coast.

The vault was built to ensure the survival of the world's food supply and agricultural history in the event of a global catastrophe.

In 2019, Louise Hidalgo spoke to the man whose idea it was, Dr Cary Fowler.

(Photo: Journalists and cameramen outside the entrance of the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in 2008. Credit: Hakon Mosvold Larsen/AFP/Getty Images)

In 2008, seeds began arriving at a frozen vault designed to save the world's food supply

In 2008, a plan to protect the world's food in the event of global catastrophe reached fruition.

The Assam-tibet Earthquake

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On 15 August 1950, an 8.6 magnitude earthquake shook the Himalaya mountains – wiping out whole villages in Tibet and north east India.

The death toll was estimated to be around 4,800.

The late British botanist Frank Kingdon-Ward was camping in Tibet with his wife Jean when the ground beneath them began to sag.

“I felt as though we were lying on a pie crust against whicha steam hammer was drumming, ? he said.

“In another minute it must crack, crumple, and drop us intothe shuddering interior of the earth.

“I can't convey to you our terror, bewilderment, sense ofutter helplessness. ?

The pair had been planning to go seed hunting in the mountains. Instead, they were stranded with limited rations.

In an interview he gave to the BBC in 1951, Frank Kingdon-Ward describes the destruction the quake caused and their perilous journey to safety.

This programme is made in collaboration with BBC Archives. It's produced and presnted by Vicky Farncombe.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: A bridge damaged by the 1950 earthquake in Assam, India. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1950, an earthquake in the Himalayas devastated parts of Tibet and India

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1950, an earthquake in the Himalayas devastated parts of Tibet and India. The late botanist Frank Kingdon-Ward was camping there with his wife Jean.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Assassination Of King Faisal

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On 25 March 1975, Saudi Arabia's King Faisal was murdered, shot by his nephew as he bent to kiss him as a greeting.

The king's oil minister Ahmed Zaki Yamani was standing beside him when the gun went off.

In 2017, Ahmed's daughter, Dr Mai Yamani, told Louise Hidalgo of her father's pain at witnessing the death.

(Photo: King Faisal in 1967. Credit: Pierre Manevy/Getty Images)

In 1975, the king of Saudi Arabia was shot by his nephew

In March 1975, King Faisal of Saudi Arabia was shot at point-blank range by his own nephew.

The Assassination Of Thomas Sankara

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In October 1987, one of Africa's most radical leaders, Captain Thomas Sankara, was gunned down in a coup in Burkina Faso.

His overthrow was orchestrated by his old friend, Blaise Compaore.

Thomas Sankara's brother, Paul, spoke to Alex Last in 2013.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Thomas Sankara at the international press conference in Paris 1986. Credit: Langevin Jacques via Getty Images)

In October 1987, African leader Thomas Sankara was gunned down in a coup

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In October 1987, African leader Thomas Sankara was gunned down in a coup orchestrated by an old friend.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Aswan High Dam

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In the early 1960s, Unesco appealed for scientists to go to Egypt to save antiquities that were threatened by the construction of one of the largest dams in the world, the Aswan High Dam on the River Nile.

Professor Herman Bell answered that call from the UN. He spoke to Louise Hidalgo in 2020.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

'the Bad Boy Of Welsh Politics'

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In the 1960s, the singer Dafydd Iwan started campaigning for the Welsh language to gain official status in Wales.

For years, Dafydd received little support. In January 1969 he decided to up the pressure, defacing a police station sign written in English with paint.

He ended up in prison, but soon young people across the country were picking up paint pots and taking up the cause.

Today, the Welsh language is found in schools, on documents and on police station signs. Dafydd tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty about his activism and singing.

(Photo: Dafydd after his release from Cardiff prison. Credit: Central Press/Getty Images)

In 1969, the singer Dafydd Iwan campaigned for official recognition of the Welsh language

In January 1969, the singer Dafydd Iwan defaced an English police station sign in Wales. It was a key moment in his campaign for the official recognition of the Welsh language.

The Balcombe Street Ira Siege

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In December 1975, four members of one of the IRA's deadliest units were chased by police through the streets of London before hiding out in a small flat owned by a middle-aged couple called John and Sheila Matthews. The resulting six-day siege was covered live on television and radio, and gripped Britain.

It ended when Metropolitan Police negotiators persuaded the gunmen to leave the flat peacefully. In 2019, Simon Watts spoke to Steven Moysey who saw the siege unfold.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Police in action on Balcombe Street during the siege. Credit: Evening Standard/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

In December 1975, four IRA gunmen took a couple hostage leading to a six-day siege

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In December 1975, a six-day siege took place when four of the IRA's deadliest gunmen took a middle-aged couple hostage in London.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Bali 9 Drug Smuggling Case

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In April 2005, nine young Australians were caught trying to smuggle 8.3kg of heroin out of Indonesia.

The Bali Nine, as they became known, faced a maximum sentence of death by firing squad under Indonesia's strict drug laws.

Bishop Tim Harris, who formed a close relationship with one of the Bali 9 families, and visited members of the group in prison has been speaking to Dan Hardoon.

(Photo: Scott Rush of Brisbane and Andrew Chan of Sydney are walked into the Denpasar District Court on October 13, 2005 in Denpasar, Indonesia. Credit:(Photo by Jason Childs/Getty Images)

In 2005 nine Australians were caught trying to smuggle heroin out of Indonesia

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In April 2005 nine young Australians were caught trying to smuggle more than 8kg of heroin out of Bali, Indonesia. They were sentenced to death by firing squad.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Bali Nine Drug Smuggling Case

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In April 2005, nine young Australians were caught trying to smuggle 8.3kg of heroin out of Indonesia.

The Bali Nine, as they became known, faced a maximum sentence of death by firing squad under Indonesia's strict drug laws.

Bishop Tim Harris, who formed a close relationship with one of the Bali Nine families, and visited members of the group in prison has been speaking to Dan Hardoon.

(Photo: Scott Rush of Brisbane and Andrew Chan of Sydney are walked into the Denpasar District Court on October 13, 2005 in Denpasar, Indonesia. Credit:(Photo by Jason Childs/Getty Images)

In 2005, nine Australians were caught trying to smuggle heroin out of Indonesia

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In April 2005, nine young Australians were caught trying to smuggle more than 8kg of heroin out of Bali, Indonesia. They were sentenced to death by firing squad.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Baltic Chain Protest

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On 23 August 1989, approximately two million people joined hands to form a 690-kilometre human chain across Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

It was a key moment in the protests in Eastern Europe that became known as the Singing Revolution.

In 2010, Damien McGuinness spoke to MEP Sandra Kalniete, a Latvian organiser of the event.

(Photo: Estonian nationalist demonstrators taking part in the protest. Credit: Reuters/Dominique Dudouble)

On 23 August 1989, approximately two million people joined hands to form a human chain

[LISTEN NOW]

The Battle Of The Beanfield

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On 1 June 1985, a convoy of New Age Travellers set off for the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge in the south of England. They were planning to hold a festival there for the summer solstice, but they were stopped by police blocking their access to the site.

The authorities had heard the travellers were carrying chainsaws and petrol bombs. The police smashed the hippies' vans and tents in what became known as the Battle of the Beanfield. It was a turning point for British alternative culture.

Lucy Burns speaks to Helen Hatt who was one of more than 500 people arrested that day.

(Photo: The Battle of the Beanfield. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1985, police and hippies clashed at the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge, in England

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1985, police and hippies clashed at the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge. It was a turning point for British alternative culture.

[LISTEN NOW]

'the Battle Of The Beanfield'

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Lucy Burns speaks to Helen Hatt who was one of more than 500 people arrested that day.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Battle Of Versailles: A Catwalk Clash Of American And French Fashion

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In 1973, a fashion show was held in France which became known as the Battle of Versailles, a duel between designs from modern America and the capital of couture, Paris.

Five American designers, including Oscar de la Renta and Halston, were invited to show their work alongside five of France's biggest names, including Yves Saint Laurent and Hubert de Givenchy.

The aim was to raise money to help restore Versailles, a 17th Century palace built by King Louis XIV, but the media billed it as a competition between the two countries.

By the end, the Americans were declared the winners. The show also highlighted their industry's racial diversity on an international stage, with 10 women of colour modelling work by US designers. Bethann Hardison, one of the models, talks to Jane Wilkinson about the lasting impact of the astonishing show.

(Photo: Bethann Hardison at Versailles in 1973. Credit: Jean-Luce Hure/Bridgeman Images)

In 1973 a fashion show was held in France which the media dubbed the Battle of Versailles

(Photo: Models on the Versailles catwalk in 1973. Credit: Reginald Gray/WWD/Penske Media via Getty Images)

The Beginning Of Benidorm

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In the 1950s, the transformation of the sleepy little town of Benidorm began when Pedro Zaragoza was appointed mayor.

He started by getting pipes built to allow running water, then went on to pass a decree which allowed women to wear bikinis.

Now, every year millions of tourists arrive in Benidorm, on Spain's Costa Blanca.

This episode was produced by Simon Watts in 2018, using recordings of Pedro Zaragoza.

(Photo: Tourists flock to the beaches in Spain. Credit: David Ramos via Getty Images)

How one man grew a sleepy Spanish town into one of the world's biggest holiday resorts

When Pedro Zaragoza was appointed mayor of Benidorm in 1950, he set about transforming the little town. Now millions of tourists visit every year.

The Billion Dollar Bid To Stop Oil Drilling In The Amazon

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In 2010, a $3.6billion fund was launched to stop oil drilling in the most biodiverse place on the planet: the Yasuni national park in Ecuador.

The Yasuni covers 10,000 square kilometres of Amazon rainforest and is home to thousands of species of plants and animals but underneath the soil lies another important resource - 20% of Ecuador's oil reserves.

It was feared that any drilling would cause pollution, deforestation and soil erosion so in a pioneering deal – known as the Yasuni ITT iniatitive - rich nations were asked to pay Ecuador not to remove the oil.

Chief negotiator Ivonne A-Baki was put in charge of raising funds from around the globe but securing money was not an easy task, as she tells Jane Wilkinson.

(Photo: A brown woolly monkey in the Yasuni National Park. Credit: Pablo Cozzaglio/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2010 a $3.6billion fund began to stop oil drilling in Ecuador's Yasuni national park

In 2010 a $3.6bn fund was launched to stop oil drilling in the most biodiverse place on the planet: Ecuador's Yasuni national park. But rich countries needed to provide the money.

The Bird That Defied Extinction

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In 1969, a Peruvian farmer called Gustavo Del Solar received an unusual assignment - finding a bird called the white-winged guan that had been regarded as extinct for a century.

After years of searching, he found the bird deep in Peru's wilderness in 1977. He then made it his life's mission to save the species, setting up a zoo in his family home.

Thanks to Gustavo's discovery, the Peruvian government protected the white-winged guan and its population continued to grow. His son, Rafael Del Solar, tells Ben Henderson about his dad's love for the 'chicken-sized' birds.

(Photo: Gustavo Del Solar with a white-winged guan. Credit: Rafael Del Solar/El Comercio)

In 1977, the white-winged guan was rediscovered in Peru after a century

In 1977, Gustavo Del Solar found a long-lost bird species in the Peruvian wilderness, and made it his life mission to save it. His son Rafael remembers the discovery.

The Birth Of Medecins Sans Frontieres

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In 1971, 13 men sat down in a Paris office to launch what would become one of the world's best known humanitarian organisations: Médecins Sans Frontières, or Doctors without Borders.

The men were among hundreds of volunteers responding to an appeal by the French medical journal, Tonus, after a major cyclone devastated East Pakistan.

The campaign sparked the idea for the charity. The 13 founders – two journalists and 11 doctors – drew up a charter aiming to provide medical care regardless of race, religion or politics.

MSF's first missions included helping victims of a Nicaraguan earthquake and a hurricane in Honduras. And in 1999, the charity won the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of their work.

Dr Xavier Emmanuelli, one of the founders, talks to Jane Wilkinson about setting up MSF, and his early humanitarian work.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Doctors from Médecins Sans Frontières in Chad, 1981. Credit: Dominique Faget/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1971 the humanitarian group also known as Doctors without Borders was founded in Paris

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1971, 13 men sat down in a Paris office to launch what would become one of the world's best known humanitarian groups: Médecins Sans Frontières or Doctors without Borders.

In 1971, the humanitarian group known as Doctors without Borders was founded in Paris

[LISTEN NOW]

The Birth Of Reggaeton

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Singer and DJ, Leonardo Renato Aulder, got together with friends, including El General, to pioneer a movement in the 1980s which they called “reggae in Spanish ?.

It later became known as reggaeton.

Many people think this globally popular music – with its legendary stars like Bad Bunny, Ivy Queen and Daddy Yankee - started in Puerto Rico, but they're wrong.

Renato, as he's known, took dancehall music from Jamaica and adapted it to his Spanish speaking Panamanian audience to create a new style of music, which spread in clubs and on the buses.

He tells Jane Chambers how he did it.

(Photo: Renato performing in Costa Rica. Credit: Leonardo Renato Aulder)

In the 1980s, Leonardo Renato Aulder pioneered a movement in Panama with his friends

In the 1980s, singer and DJ, Leonardo Renato Aulder took dancehall music from Jamaica and adapted it to his Spanish speaking Panamanian audience to create a new style of music.

Singer and DJ Leonardo Renato Aulder got together with his friends, including El General, to pioneer a movement in the 1980s which they called “reggae in Spanish ?.

He speaks to Jane Chambers for Witness History.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Birth Of The Excel Spreadsheet

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In September 1985, Microsoft introduced Excel, an electronic spreadsheet program that revolutionised the way we organise and analyse data.

With its grid of rows and columns, it allows users to sort information, do calculations, and make charts with ease. Today it is used worldwide.

Spreadsheets might have a reputation for being dull, but this story features space tourists, knitting, and crazy competitions.

Mike Koss, an American software developer who played a key role in Excel's creation, shares his fascinating story with Gill Kearsley.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Microsoft Excel logo. Credit: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek via Getty Images)

In September 1985, Excel, an electronic spreadsheet document was created

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Excel was introduced in September 1985. This electronic spreadsheet software revolutionised the way we organise data.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Bluetooth Story

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In the 1990s Bluetooth the technology that is used today to wirelessly connect accessories such as mice, keyboards, speakers and headphones to desktops, laptops and mobile phones was invented in a lab in Lund, Sweden.

It's named after Harald Bluetooth, a Viking king who was said to have blue teeth.

Sven Mattison one of the brains behind the technology told Gill Kearsley how the name Bluetooth came about following some drinks after a conference.

(Photo: A mobile phone with the Bluetooth logo. Credit: Westend61 via Getty images)

Bluetooth was invented in the 1990s in Lund, Sweden

In the 1990s Bluetooth, the technology that is used today to wirelessly connect accessories to desktops, laptops and mobile phones was invented in a lab in Lund, Sweden.

The Bolivian Water War

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The Bolivian Water War was a series of protests that took place in the city of Cochabamba in 2000 against the privatisation of water.

People objected to the increase in water rates and idea that the government was “leasing the rain ?.

In April 2000, President Hugo Banzer declared a 'state of siege' meaning curfews were imposed and protest leaders could be arrested without warrant.

During a violent clash between demonstrators and the military, teenager Victor Hugo was shot dead by an army captain.

Union official Oscar Olivera tells Vicky Farncombe how Hugo's death motivated the protesters and brought about an end to the privatisation.

(Photo: Demonstrators wave the Bolivian flag as they participate in a strike against water utility rate increases. Credit: Reuters)

How Bolivians in the city of Cochabamba fought against the leasing of the rain

In 2000, a teenage boy was killed in Cochabamba, in Bolivia, during a protest over water rates.

The Book That Changed Norway's View Of Immigrants

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In 2010, a book came out in Norway that transformed the way people looked at paperless immigrants. The author, a 25-year-old Russian woman, fled North Ossetia as a child with her parents. They were never granted asylum, yet she managed to earn a university degree and eventually had to make a choice: continue living in hiding or face deportation.

Her book triggered a government crisis and a change to Norway's immigration regulations. Lars Bevanger speaks to the author, Maria Amelie.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Maria Amelie. Credit: BBC)

Maria Amelie's 2010 book triggered a change to Norway's immigration regulations

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Bosphorus Boat Spotter Tracking Russian Military Trucks

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Yörük Işık is a ship spotter who logs all the boats that pass through the narrow Bosphorus Strait near his home in Istanbul, Turkey.

In October 2015, he noticed something unusual - Russian military trucks on a civilian ship bound for Syria.

The photos he took were the first evidence that Russia was supplying armed forces to support President Bashar al-Assad. It followed months of denial from Moscow that they were planning to engage militarily on the ground in Syria's civil war.

Emily Wither speaks to Yörük about how his hobby became a news source.

(Photo: Ship with Russian military trucks on. Credit: Yörük Işık)

In 2015, ship spotter Y\u00f6r\u00fck I\u015f\u0131k saw Russian military trucks on a ship going to Syria

In October 2015, Yörük Işık noticed something unusual passing through the narrow Bosphorus Strait in Turkey. Russian military trucks on a civilian ship bound for Syria.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Brains Behind Thunderbirds

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In 1965, a groundbreaking children's show using cutting-edge puppets first blast onto television screens.

Thunderbirds was set in 2065 and followed the antics of secret organisation ‘International Rescue' which was manned by Jeff Tracy, his team of five sons and agent Lady Penelope. Set up to save humanity, the characters travelled in futuristic vehicles across land, sea and air from their remote base in Tracy Island.

It was created by husband and wife Gerry and Sylvia Anderson, who used supermarionation, a pioneering technique with thin wires which controlled the puppets' movements.

Their daughter Dee Anderson speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: A Thunderbird from the TV series. Credit: Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

It's 60 years since Thunderbirds first blast onto TV screens

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The children's show Thunderbirds was created by husband and wife Gerry and Sylvia Anderson, who used supermarionation, a pioneering puppet technique with thin wires.

[LISTEN NOW]

The British Oil Tanker Sunk In Indonesia

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In 1958, the British oil tanker, SS San Flaviano, was sunk in the harbour of Balikpapan, Indonesia, while a rebellion was underway against President Ahmed Sukarno.

It's reported the bomb was dropped by a CIA pilot authorised to aid the rebels, but confirming their involvement has required some investigating.

Megan Jones has been looking into it and speaking to Joseph McCorry who was forced to evacuate the ship after seeing the bomb drop.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Joseph McCorry at training school. Credit: Joseph McCorry)

In 1958, the British oil tanker, SS San Flaviano was sunk, reportedly by a CIA pilot

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1958, the British oil tanker, SS San Flaviano, was sunk in the harbour of Balikpapan, Indonesia. It's reported the bomb was dropped by a CIA pilot.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Cabbage Patch Kids

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In 1983, all hell broke loose when a new toy hit stores in the United States.

The Cabbage Patch Kids were so popular that people were getting injured when they tried to buy them.

But Martha Nelson Thomas, whose original design she said inspired the dolls, received little credit.

She watched on as sales of the toys generated hundreds of millions of dollars.

Martha's close friend, Meredith Ludwig, told Madeleine Drury the story of how the strange-looking dolls became such a sensation.

(Photo: Martha with her doll babies. Credit: Guy Mendes)

Over Christmas 1983, frenzied shoppers bought three million Cabbage Patch Kids

In the 1980s, the Cabbage Patch Kids became a worldwide sensation. They were also the subject of a legal battle.

The Calais 'jungle' Migrant Camp

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In 2015, Europe was in the grip of a migrant crisis, as more than one million people fled regions including the Middle East. Many set their sights on a new life in the UK. But, in order to get there, they had to cross the English Channel.

One of the most common methods was to hide aboard vehicles destined for Britain at the French port city of Calais. This led to the creation of a squalid migrant camp outside Calais, known as the 'Jungle'. It was populated by seven to ten thousand people at its largest.

Jean-Marc Puissesseau was head of the Port of Calais during the crisis. He speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Chris Patten hands over flag during Honk Kong handover ceremony. Credit: Guillaume Pinon/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

In 2015, thousands of migrants lived in a squalid camp in France known as the 'Jungle'.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2015, thousands of migrants lived in a squalid camp in the French city of Calais. It was known as as the 'Jungle'.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Capitol Crawl

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By the beginning of 1990, the United States Congress stalled on passing the Americans with Disabilities Act, a piece of legislation aimed at prohibiting discrimination against people with disabilities.

Frustrated by the government's inaction, more than 1,000 disability activists showed up in Washington DC to protest on 12 March that year. When the group reached the Capitol Building's stairs, hundreds of activists pulled themselves out of their wheelchairs and began to crawl up in a dramatic and symbolic protest.

Stephanie Wolf talks to Anita Cameron who participated in the historic action. Co-produced by Rebekah Romberg.

A Written in Air production. Archive recordings courtesy of Linda Litowsky.

(Photo: Wheelchair users crawling up the steps of the US Capitol building in March 1990. Credit: Tom Olin Collection, University of Toledo Libraries)

On 12 March 1990, hundreds of wheelchair users crawled up the steps of the US Capitol

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1990, more than 1,000 disability activists came to Washington DC. When the group reached the US Capitol building's stairs, hundreds of wheelchair users crawled up in protest.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Carnation Revolution In Portugal

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25 April is Freedom Day in Portugal. Five decades ago on that date, flowers filled the streets of the capital Lisbon as a dictatorship was overthrown.

Europe's longest-surviving authoritarian regime was toppled in a day, with barely a drop of blood spilled.

In 2010, Adelino Gomes told Louise Hidalgo what he witnessed of the Carnation Revolution.

(Photo: A young boy hugs a soldier in the street. Credit: Jean-Claude Francolon/Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images)

In 1974, a 41-year regime was overthrown in a day

Flowers filled the barrels of guns on 25 April 1974, as Portugal's Carnation Revolution toppled a dictatorship.

The 'catastrophe' For Palestinians

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In 1948, tens of thousands of Palestinians were forcibly expelled from their homes in the Middle East.

The period after World War Two in the region was tense, at times violent and politically complex.

For Israeli Jews it was a chance to build their own nation after the genocide of the Holocaust. But for Arab Palestinian Muslims and Christians it was a time of loss.

Many were intimidated by the violence and changing demographics.

Rebecca Kesby speaks to Hasan Hammami who was 15-years-old when his family was forced out off Palestine.

The interview was recorded before the Hamas attacks on 7 October 2023 and subsequent Israeli military operation.

The Celebrity Murder Case That Divided France

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In 2003, the French rock star Bertrand Cantat murdered his actress girlfriend, Marie Trintignant.

The attack happened in Lithuania where Marie had been shooting a film.

Cantat was sentenced to eight years, but was released after just four and returned to music.

Journalist Michelle Fines tells Vicky Farncombe how the case divided opinion in France with some calling it a brutal murder, others a crime of passion.

(Photo: Marie Trintignant. Credit: Getty Images)

French actress Marie Trintignant was killed by the rock star Bertrand Cantat in 2003.

In 2003, the murder of French actress Marie Trintignant by her rock star boyfriend, Bertrand Cantat, exposed outdated attitudes to domestic violence.

The Challenger Space Shuttle Tragedy

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On 28 January 1986, a space shuttle launch went wrong.

Six astronauts and a teacher were killed.

In 1984, US President Ronald Reagan had announced that Nasa would search for a member of the public to accompany experienced astronauts on the space shuttle Challenger.

Barbara Morgan was chosen as her backup and had trained alongside the Challenger team.

She watched as the shuttle was destroyed a little more than a minute after take-off.

In 2012, Barbara Morgan spoke to Chloe Hadjimatheou.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Launch of Space Shuttle Challenger from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Credit: Oxford Science Archive/Print Collector/Getty Images)

In January 1986, the launch of space shuttle Challenger ended in tragedy

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In January 1986, six astronauts and a teacher were killed shortly after the launch of space shuttle Challenger. Colleague Barbara Morgan recalled the tragedy in 2012.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Channel Tunnel Breakthrough

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Thirty years on from the opening of the Channel Tunnel between Britain and France, we look at the moment the two halves of the tunnel were connected in 1990.

Graham Fagg was the man who made the breakthrough, and the first person to cross by land between the two countries in 8,000 years.

In 2010, he told Lucy Williamson about the festivities of that day.

(Photo: The moment of breakthrough Graham Fagg greets Frenchman Philippe Cozette. Credit: AFP/Getty Images)

In 1990, the Channel Tunnel between Britain and France was connected

The first man to cross by land from Britain to France in 8,000 years reveals what it was like. In 1990, Graham Fagg made the breakthrough.

The Chindits

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During World War Two an unconventional special force was formed. Known as the Chindits, they fought behind enemy lines in Burma, now Myanmar during 1943 and 1944 in the war against Japan.

Their leader was the charismatic Orde Wingate, a British Army officer.

This programme is made in collaboration with BBC Archives. It contains outdated and offensive language.

Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The Chindits in 1944. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)

The Chindits, an unconventional special force was formed during World War Two

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

During World War Two an unconventional special force was formed, they were known as the Chindits.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Clean-up Of Chernobyl

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The disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, in Ukraine, on 26 April 1986, was the world's worst nuclear accident.

The explosion in reactor four caused radioactive parts to be spread over the nearby area.

Hundreds of thousands of people were involved in the decontamination efforts, including soldiers and workers at the power station. They were known as the liquidators.

Some even had to run out onto the roof of the reactors to clear debris which had been scattered from the radioactive core.

Yurіy Skaletskyy was a radiological officer in the Soviet Navy. He monitored the radiation exposure faced by the liquidators and tells Tim O'Callaghan how workers improvised their own protective gear using sheets of lead foil.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: The liquidators on the roof of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Credit: Sergei Supinsky/AFP via Getty Images)

The story of the clean-up at the world's worst nuclear accident in Ukraine in April 1986

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

When there was an explosion in reactor four at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine in April 1986, a huge clean-up project began.

[LISTEN NOW]

The 'comfort Women' Of World War Two

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Between 1932 and 1945, hundreds of thousands of women and girls across Asia were forced into sexual slavery by the Imperial Japanese Army.

Referred to as 'comfort women', they were taken from countries including Korea, China, Taiwan, the Philippines and Indonesia to be raped by Japanese soldiers.

Today, the issue remains a source of tension between Japan and its neighbours, with continuing campaigns to compensate the few surviving victims.

Dan Hardoon speaks to Chinese survivor Peng Zhuying who, along with her elder sister, was captured and taken to a 'comfort station' in central China.

This programme contains disturbing content.

(Photo: People visit a museum dedicated to the victims, on the site of a former comfort station in China. Credit: Yang Bo/China News Service/VCG/Getty Images)

Hundreds of thousands of Asian women were forced into sex slavery in the 1930s and 1940s

Between 1932 and 1945, hundreds of thousands of Asian women and girls were forced into sexual slavery by the Imperial Japanese Army.

The Commercial That Changed Advertising: 1984

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Forty years ago, a Hollywood director, some tech revolutionaries and a group of London skinheads created a commercial that would rock the advertising world.

Based on George Orwell's dystopic novel ‘1984', and launched in the same year, the ad was like nothing that had been seen before.

But its road to being shown was rocky, and the beleaguered advert almost never made it air.

Mike Murray was Apple marketing manager at the time, he speaks to Molly Pipe.

(Photo: Steve Jobs in a room of computers in 1984. Credit: Michael L Abramson/Getty Images)

Forty years ago, a revolutionary advert played at America's Super Bowl

The Cradock Four Killings

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On 27 June 1985, four anti-apartheid activists from the rural town of Cradock in South Africa's Eastern Cape were abducted at a roadblock. Their bodies were later found mutilated and burnt.

Known as the Cradock Four, their murders became one of the most notorious cases of apartheid brutality.

Fort Calata's son, Lukhanyo, was just three years old when his father was killed. He tells Dan Hardoon about his family's ongoing fight for justice. This programme contains graphic descriptions of violence.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Mourners at the funeral of the Cradock four. Credit: Gideon Mendel/AFP via Getty Images)

In June 1985, four anti-apartheid activists from Cradock in South Africa were murdered

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Forty years ago, four men who campaigned against apartheid in South Africa were abducted, mutiliated and burnt. Lukhanyo Calata's father Fort was among them.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Creation Of Greenwich Mean Time

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In 1676, Astronomer Royal John Flamsteed was looking to find a way to determine longitude at sea, so ships could know their position and hazards.

Feuds with Sir Isaac Newton, dirty rivers and a missing key are just some of the obstacles he contended with and overcame.

His labours ultimately paved the way to Greenwich Mean Time.

Emily Akkermans, Curator of Time at Royal Museums Greenwich, and Keith Moore from the Royal Society of London, speak to Allis Moss.

(Picture: Greenwich Royal Observatory, London. Credit: Peter Thompson/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

Experiments by John Flamsteed in the 17th Century led to the time zone being created

England's first Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed, conducted experiments in London in the 17th Century. It led to the creation of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

[LISTEN NOW]

The Creation Of Miffy

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It's 70 years since Miffy was created.

The little rabbit with two dots for eyes and an X for a mouth went on to feature in 32 books translated into more than 50 languages.

The Dutch author and illustrator Dick Bruna reveals in his own words from the BBC archive that in the beginning, his black outlined illustrations with bold colours were controversial with parents. But children loved them. Miffy, or Nijntje as she's known in the Netherlands, went on to star in several TV series and a feature film.

Dick Bruna died in 2017 aged 89. Today, more than $300 million is spent on Miffy merchandise globally each year. Produced and presented by Josephine McDermott. Dick Bruna reads from Miffy Goes Flying with permission from Mercis Publishing bv.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Picture: Miffy soft toys for sale at the Dick Bruna House Museum. Credit: Martin Godwin/Getty Images)

The children's book character Miffy was created by Dick Bruna in 1955

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In his own words from the BBC archive, Dick Bruna describes how he came to create one of the world's most recognisable rabbits in the Dutch city of Utrecht in 1955.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Creation Of My Little Pony

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My Little Pony first appeared in shops in the United States in 1983 and in that decade alone more than 100 million would be sold.

But American toymaker Bonnie Zacharle tells Josephine McDermott how her idea to make a pony you could play with like a doll was turned down several times. She reveals the toys she liked to play with as a child living in Japan, how she updated Mr Potato Head and how her pony design first hit the market as a much bigger, harder model called My Pretty Pony.

She says she told her friend in toy marketing to get out of her office when she first suggested the ponies should come in pastel pinks and purples instead of realistic dun, black and grey colours. But she concedes that market testing showed it was what the customer wanted and she's very proud of what she's achieved.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: The original prototype of My Little Pony. Credit: Bonnie Zacharle)

In 1983, American toymaker Bonnie Zacharle's pony design hit the market

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1983, American toymaker Bonnie Zacharle's pony design hit the market. My Little Pony sold more than 100 million in that decade alone.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Creation Of The International Criminal Court

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In 1998, at a conference organised by the United Nations, a blueprint was devised for what would be the world's first permanent International Criminal Court.

Judge Phillipe Kirsch chaired the Rome conference that led to the formation of the court. He tells Gill Kearsley about the negotiations, which he describes as the most difficult professional thing he ever did.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: International Criminal Court. Credit: Nicolas Economou/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

The world's first permanent International Criminal Court was created in 1998

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Creation Of The Modern Kitchen

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In 1926, Austrian architect Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky created the modern kitchen. It was called the Frankfurt Kitchen and was something she didn't like to talk about as she had done so much more - she was her country's first female architect, she championed women's rights and played a role in the Austrian Communist resistance against the Nazi regime. She once said, “If I had known that everyone would keep talking about nothing else, I would never have built that damned kitchen!

Christine Zwingl, an architect and expert on Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, tells Gill Kearsley about Margarete's remarkable creation.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The Frankfurt Kitchen in 1926. Credit: ullstein bild via Getty Images)

The modern kitchen was created by an Austrian architect in 1926

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1926, Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, an Austrian architect, created the modern kitchen in Frankfurt.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Creation Of The State Of Israel

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On 14 May 1948, the state of Israel was proclaimed.

Tears and applause met the declaration, witnessed by 200 dignitaries, but fighting intensified in the days that followed.

In 2010, Arieh Handler and Zipporah Porath spoke to Lucy Williamson about that day and its fallout.

(Photo: Young Jewish people celebrate the new state. Credit: AFP/Getty Images)

In 1948, the state of Israel was declared

On 14 May 1948, 200 dignitaries gathered to witness the establishment of the state of Israel. Zionist leader Arieh Handler was among them.

The Creation Of Youtube

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An 18-second clip of a young man standing in front of an elephant enclosure at San Diego Zoo in California, describing their “really long trunks ? was the first video to be posted onto YouTube in April 2005.

It was uploaded by co-founder Jawed Karim, who with friends Chad Hurley and Steve Chen, cooked up the idea for the video-sharing service while working together at PayPal.

Twenty years later, it is now available in 100 countries and has almost three billion users around the world.

Produced and presented by Reena Stanton-Sharma using archive interviews.

(Photo: YouTube web page. Credit: Samantha Sin/AFP via Getty Images)

In April 2005, the first video was posted onto YouTube

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The first video to be posted onto YouTube in April 2005, was of a young man standing in front of an elephant enclosure at San Diego Zoo in California.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Cu Chi Tunnels Of The Vietnam War

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During the Vietnam War, North Vietnamese VietCong guerrillas built a vast network of tunnels in the south of the country as part of the insurgency against the South Vietnamese government and their American allies.

The tunnel network was a key base and shelter for the North Vietnamese army in their victory in the war in 1975.

In 2017 Alex Last spoke to Le Van Lang, a Viet Cong veteran who helped construct the tunnels in the Cu Chi District, which is 20km north of Saigon (now Ho Chi Minh City).

(Photo: A former VietCong soldier in the tunnels in 1978. Credit: Jean-Claude LABBE/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

The story of North Vietnam's underground tunnel network in South Vietnam

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

During the Vietnam War, North Vietnamese soldiers created a vast tunnel network in the south.

[LISTEN NOW]

The 'cyprus Emergency'

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Between 1955 and 1959, a Greek-Cypriot paramilitary group called EOKA rebelled against British colonial rule in Cyprus. In response, the British authorities declared a state of emergency.

A young Cypriot lawyer named Renos Lyssiotis joined EOKA. He was interrogated and imprisoned by the British authorities for nearly two years. He looks back on the period with Ben Henderson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Camp Kokkinotrimithia in Cyprus where the British imprisoned suspected EOKA fighters, 1956. Credit: Jack Esten/Getty Images)

In 1955, a paramilitary group called EOKA rebelled against British colonial rule

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Between 1955 and 1959, a Greek-Cypriot paramilitary group called EOKA rebelled against British colonial rule. In response, the British authorities declared a state of emergency.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Czech Freedom Train

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On 11 September 1951, the 9.55am train from Prague to Aš, in Communist Czechoslovakia was hijacked and driven to freedom in West Germany.

111 people were on board and 34 of them never returned, starting new lives on the other side of the Iron Curtain.

The remaining 77 returned to Czechoslovakia to face state security, the Státní bezpeĀ?nost, and many were jailed.

Rachel Naylor uses an archive interview with Karel Ruml, one of the hijackers, who went on to move to the USA.

(Photo: A steam train in Czechoslovakia in 1960. Credit: Alamy)

On 11 September 1951, a Czech train was hijacked and driven into West Germany

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 11 September 1951, a train in Communist Czechoslovakia was hijacked and driven to freedom in West Germany.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Day Celia Cruz Returned To Cuba

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In January 1990, Cuban singer Celia Cruz, known as ‘the Queen of salsa', went back to Cuba. Banned by Fidel Castro for opposing his regime, it was the only time in her 43 years of exile that she was able to visit the island.

She was invited to sing in the US naval base on Guantanamo Bay. The trip only lasted a day and a half, but it was full of touching moments and symbolisms. Omer Pardillo Cid, Celia's manager and close friend, tells Stefania Gozzer about the mark this visit left in the singer.

(Photo: Celia Cruz holds a Cuban flag as she performs during the 'Combinacion Perfecta' concert at Madison Square Garden, New York City, 1993. Credit: Getty Images)

Cuban salsa singer Celia Cruz went back to the island once in 43 years of exile

Cuban singer Celia Cruz, known as 'the Queen of salsa', lived in exile for 43 years. Banned from going back to her country by Fidel Castro, she visited the island once in 1990.

The Deadly Vargas Mudslides In Venezuela

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In December 1999, torrential rain in Venezuela led to floods and mudslides. Government estimates put the number killed at 3,000 but other reports suggest between 10,000 and 30,000 were killed. Many bodies were buried under mud, rocks or trees. Tens of thousands more people were made homeless.

The state of Vargas, known as La Guaira, was one of the worst areas affected. Leydys Crespo speaks to Jen Dale about her experience.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In December 1999, torrential rain in Venezuela led to deadly floods and mudslides

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In December 1999, torrential rain in Venezuela led to floods and mudslides killing thousands of people.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Death Of Adolf Hitler

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On 30 April 1945 Adolf Hitler killed himself in a bunker in the German capital Berlin as Soviet Red Army soldiers closed in. But first he married his lover Eva Braun, and dictated his will. In 1989, Traudl Junge, one of Hitler's secretaries who was in the bunker when he died, shared her testimony with Zina Rohan. This episode was first broadcast in 2013.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Death Of Franco

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General Francisco Franco died in November 1975, ending 36 years of dictatorship over Spain.

The general had been in power since 1939 after winning the country's bloody civil war, and his death followed a long illness.

He was mourned by conservative Spaniards but those on the left celebrated, calling him a fascist who had once been an ally of Hitler and Mussolini.

In 2015, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Jose Antonio Martinez Soler, a young journalist about the ending of an era.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: General Francisco Franco lies in state in Madrid, 1975. Credit: Central Press/Getty Images)

In 1975, General Francisco Franco died, ending 36 years of dictatorship over Spain

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

General Francisco Franco died in 1975 ending 36 years of dictatorship over Spain. He was mourned by conservative Spaniards but those on the left celebrated, calling him a fascist.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Deepest Manmade Hole In The World

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In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Russia, managed to dig a hole more than 12,000 metres deep.

It was called the Kola Superdeep Borehole.

They wanted achieve a world record and learn more about the Earth's crust.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Prof David Smythe, a geophysicist who worked there for four months.

(Photo: The site of the Kola Superdeep Borehole in the 1990s. Credit: David Smythe)

In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Russia managed to dig a 12,000-metre deep hole

In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Kola, in Russia, managed to dig a hole that was more than 12,000 metres deep.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Deepest Man-made Hole In The World

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20241129 (WS)

In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Russia managed to dig a hole more than 12,000 metres deep.

It was called the Kola Superdeep Borehole.

They wanted to achieve a world record and learn more about the Earth's crust.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Prof David Smythe, a geophysicist who worked there for four months.

(Photo: The site of the Kola Superdeep Borehole in the 1990s. Credit: David Smythe)

In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Russia managed to dig a 12,000-metre deep hole

In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Kola, in Russia, managed to dig a hole that was more than 12,000 metres deep.

[LISTEN NOW]

'the Disappeared' Of Argentina

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Between 1976 and 1983 in Argentina, the military ruled the country. Thousands of mainly young, left-wing Argentinians went missing.

Known as 'the disappeared', they were taken to detention centres, such as Escuela Superior de Mecanica de la Armada, known as ESMA in the capital, Buenos Aires. Around 5,000 prisoners passed through its gates. Most were killed.

As well as the murders and torture, hundreds of babies were taken from pregnant prisoners and given away to military personnel and families who supported the government.

In December 1983 the Argentinian president Raul Alfonsin signed a decree putting the military junta responsible on trial.

In 2010, Candice Piete spoke to one of the survivors, Miriam Lewin.

(Photo: ESMA. Credit: Reuters)

In 1977 a woman became one of thousands who disappeared from the streets of Buenos Aires

Thousands of Argentinians were captured, tortured and murdered in large detention centres during a military dictatorship that lasted for seven years.

The Discovery Of Nerve Growth Factor

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During World War Two, Italian scientist Dr Rita Levi-Montalcini was forced to do experiments in her bedroom after being banned from universities because she was Jewish.

Her experiments in that bedroom laboratory on chicken embryos led to the discovery of nerve cell death.

Whilst working in the United States after the war, she worked out that a protein factor was required for the growth of our nerves. A discovery which won her the Nobel Prize in physiology in 1986.

Her work improved our understanding of the nervous system and has allowed scientists to potentially battle degenerative diseases such as dementia.

Produced and presented by Tim O'Callaghan, using archive interviews from the Nobel Prize Institute, the Society for Neuroscience and the BBC Archives.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Dr Rita Levi-Montalcini in 1950. Mondadori via Getty Images)

In 1952, Italian scientist Dr Rita Levi-Montalcini made a crucial discovery

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

How the Italian scientist Dr Rita Levi-Montalcini made a crucial discovery in the field of neuroscience in 1952.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Discovery Of New Zealand's First Dinosaur

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On 2 December 1972, Joan Wiffen, her husband, son and daughter started a camping trip. But it was far from ordinary. They were obsessed fossil-hunters and they were deep in the largest rainforest of New Zealand's north island at a spot by a river described casually in an old geological map as having “Saurian ? bones.

For Joan, as she started to search for remains, it was “like opening up the Christmas stocking'. At the time, scientists believed dinosaurs had not inhabited New Zealand. With the help of archive audio, Joan's son Chris Wiffen describes how his mother, who left school at 12 and had no qualifications, would meticulously search the rainforest site and go on to find the tailbone of a theropod dinosaur – turning scientific beliefs on their head.

He describes to Josephine McDermott how his mother devised her own DIY palaeontology lab in their garage and he would visit from university to find her surrounded by acid baths where the rocks she excavated would yield their fossils. “They had visitors from world-renowned palaeontologists and they'd say ‘Oh my gosh. Look at this. Unbelievable'. And it was. ?

Archival audio in this broadcast was from the Radio New Zealand collection at NgĀ? Taonga Sound & Vision.

(Photo: Joan Wiffen. Credit: Courtesy of NZME/Hawkes Bay Today)

The discovery of New Zealand's first dinosaur by Joan Wiffen

Joan Wiffen, who described herself as a 'rank amateur Hawkes Bay housewife' turned the scientific world on its head when she discovered that dinosaurs had existed in New Zealand.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Discovery Of The Coelacanth

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In 1938, South African museum curator Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer discovered a coelacanth, a fish that was believed to have been extinct for 65 million years.

It is thought to be our ancestor and the missing link between how fish evolved into four-legged amphibians.

Produced and presented by Rachel Naylor in collaboration with BBC Archives.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In 1938, a fish was found that was believed to have been extinct for 65 million years

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1938, South African museum curator Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer discovered a fish that was believed to have been extinct for 65 million years.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Discovery Of The First Exoplanets

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On 9 January 1992, astronomers Alex Wolszczan and Dale Frail announced they had discovered the first two exoplanets, or planets outside our solar system, while working at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico.

The two planets orbit a pulsar, a neutron star, 2,300 light-years away, in the constellation Virgo.

We now know of the existence of nearly 6,000 exoplanets, but Poltergeist and Phobetor were the first to be confirmed.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Alex Wolszczan.

(Photo: . Credit: )

In 1992, astronomer Alex Wolszczan discovered the first planets outside our solar system

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 9 January 1992, astronomers Alex Wolszczan and Dale Frail announced they had discovered the first two planets outside our solar system.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Discovery Of The Hiv Virus

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In 1983, scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris became the first to identify the HIV virus. It was a vital step in fighting one of the worst epidemics in modern history, AIDS.

The Pasteur had been asked to investigate after reports of a mystery disease that was spreading rapidly, particularly among the gay community.

Two weeks later, scientist Françoise Barré-Sinoussi detected the virus while working on a biopsy sample in the laboratory. She and the team leader, Luc Montagnier were later awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine.

But the discovery could easily have been missed, as she tells Jane Wilkinson.

(Photo: French virologists Jean-Claude Chermann, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier. Credit: Michel Philippot/Sygma/Sygma via Getty Images)

In 1983, scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris first discovered the HIV virus

In 1983, scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris first identified the HIV virus. It was a vital step in fighting one of the worst epidemics in modern history, AIDS.

The Discovery Of The Lord Of Sipan In Peru

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In 1987, Peruvian archaeologist Walter Alva received a call from the police urging him to look at ancient artefacts confiscated from looters.

The seized objects were so precious that Walter decided to set up camp in Sipan, the site where they were found. There, he dug and researched what turned out to be the richest tomb found intact in the Americas: the resting place of an ancient ruler, the Lord of Sipan.

Walter tells Stefania Gozzer about the challenges and threats he and his team faced to preserve the grave.

The music from this programme was composed by Daniel Hernández Díaz and performed by Jarana & Son.

(Photo: Walter beside the discovery. Credit: Walter Alva)

In 1987, the looting of an ancient pyramid led to an extraordinary golden discovery

The looting of a Peruvian pyramid in 1987 led to an extraordinary discovery. It was the first and richest royal tomb found intact in South America.

The Discovery Of The Terra Nova Shipwreck

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In 2012, a team of researchers discovered one of the most famous polar shipwrecks - the Terra Nova.

The ship was famous for carrying Britain's doomed explorers in their race to reach the South Pole more than a century ago.

It was later sunk - laying unseen on the seabed for decades.

Oceanographer Leighton Rolley tells Megan Jones how he and the rest of his crew used sound waves to find the hidden wreck.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: The SS Terra Nova, Antarctica 1912. Credit: Royal Geographical Society/Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2012, a team of researchers discovered one of the most famous polar shipwrecks. The Terra Nova had sunk almost 70 years earlier.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Discovery That Led To Covid Vaccines

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Dr Katalin Karikó grew up in a small town in Hungary with no electricity or running water at home. She overcame great adversity to become a scientist and publish a groundbreaking paper in 2005 showing how the mRNA molecule could be used to protect the human immune system from viruses. But, her findings were initially overlooked and she even lost her job after failing to attract funding. However, she persisted with her research, which laid the scientific groundwork for mRNA vaccines that saved countless lives during the Covid pandemic. She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2023. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Dr Katalin Karikó. Credit: Janos Kummer/Getty Images)

In 2005, Dr Katalin Karik\u00f3 published research that eventually won her the Nobel Prize

In 2005, Dr Katalin Karikó published research into the mRNA molecule. It laid the groundwork for Covid vaccines that saved countless lives and won her the Nobel Prize in 2023.

Dr Katalin Karik\u00f3's research saved countless lives and won her the Nobel Prize

Dr Katalin Karikó's research into the mRNA molecule was initially ignored. But, it laid the groundwork for Covid vaccines that saved countless lives and won her the Nobel Prize.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Discovery That Led To Weight Loss Injections And Treatments For Diabetes

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In the 1980s, scientists made a discovery that would eventually lead to the development of drugs now used worldwide to treat diabetes and to help people manage obesity through weight loss injections.

One of the key scientists behind this breakthrough was Svetlana Mojsov. She discovered that a hormone called GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) plays an important role in how our bodies respond to food.

Svetlana's work laid the foundation for a drug company to develop treatments based on GLP-1 — first for type 2 diabetes, and later for weight loss. She tells Gill Kearsley her story.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Injection pens. Credit: Carsten Snejbjerg/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

In the 1980s, a scientific breakthrough paved the way for new treatments

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Scientists in the 1980s made a discovery that would one day lead to drugs now used around the world to treat diabetes and help people lose weight.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Disputed History Of Pad Thai

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It's one of the most popular dishes in South East Asian cooking and for many it's seen as Thailand's national dish. However, the origins of pad Thai are disputed.

Some believe it was created and taken to the country centuries ago by Chinese immigrants. Others believe it was invented during the rule of military dictator, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, as a way of cementing Thai nationalism in the 1940s.

Thai food writer Chawadee Nualkhair dissects all the theories with Matt Pintus.

The Enabling Act

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On 23 March 1933, in Germany the Enabling Act was passed, handing Adolf Hitler unchecked power. It became the legal foundation of his dictatorship.

But in that moment, one voice spoke in defiance.

Otto Wels, chairman of the Social Democratic Party, stood alone in the Reichstag :

“Freedom and life can be taken away from us, but not honour. ?

His words were the last to be spoken freely in the German parliament.

This is the story of the speeches that day, taken from recordings inside the Reichstag.

Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The Reichstag on 23 March 1933. Credit: Fine Art Images/Heritage Images via Getty Images)

In 1933, the Enabling Act was passed, handing Adolf Hitler unchecked power

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Enabling Act was passed in 1933, handing Adolf Hitler unchecked power. It became the legal foundation of his dictatorship.

[LISTEN NOW]

The End Of The Irish Marriage Bar

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Until 1973, married women in Ireland were banned from working in state jobs.

It was one of the longest lasting marriage bars in the world.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Bernie Flynn, who postponed her wedding and became one of the first married women in the civil service.

(Photo: A couple on their wedding day. Credit: Getty Images)

(Photo: Bernie and Jimmy Flynn on their wedding day in 1973. Credit: Bernie Flynn)

The End Of The Kosovo War

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After a humanitarian catastrophe unfolded in Kosovo, Nato launched an 11-week air attack.

In June 1999, a ceasefire was agreed, and the Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic withdrew his troops.

Nine years later, Kosovo declared independence from Serbia.

This programme was produced and presented by Mark Lowen using BBC archive.

(Photo: Nato peacekeeping force. Credit: Tom Stoddart via Getty Images)

Twenty-five years since Nato stopped its air attacks against the former Yugoslavia

In 1999, Nato called off its 11-week air war against Kosovo. The Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic was forced to withdraw his troops and police.

The End Of The Us Hiv Travel Ban

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For 22 years, a travel and immigration ban was in place which stopped people with HIV legally entering the US.

In 2009, President Barack Obama announced it would be lifted, from the start of 2010.

HIV-positive passenger Clemens Ruland flew from Amsterdam to John F. Kennedy airport in New York and became the first passenger to fly legally into the US once the ban was lifted.

He speaks to Megan Jones.

(Picture: Clemens Ruland responds to questions during a news interview. Credit: AP Photo/Frank Franklin II)

In 2010, a travel and immigration ban stopping people with HIV entering the US was lifted

The ban was in place for more than 20 years, until President Barack Obama lifted it in 2010, allowing passengers with HIV to legally enter.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Estonia Ferry Disaster

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In 1994, the MS Estonia ferry sank in the Baltic Sea with the loss of 852 lives. It was one of the deadliest shipping tragedies since the sinking of the Titanic.

The Estline ferry was sailing overnight from Estonia to Sweden, in bad weather and heavy seas, when it sent a distress signal saying it was listing heavily.

Survivors later reported the boat sank within five minutes, and many passengers did not have time to escape. An official inquiry found that the ship's bow door locks had failed allowing water to gush in.

Urban Lambertson was one of the 137 survivors. He's been speaking to Jane Wilkinson

(Photo: Memorial to the victims of the Estonia ferry disaster. Credit: Jessica Gow/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1994 the Estonia ferry sank off Finland in one of Europe's biggest shipping tragedies

[LISTEN NOW]

The Expulsion Of The Sudeten Germans

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At the end of World War Two, the Czechoslovak government decided to expel up to three million German speakers, known as the Sudeten Germans.

They were accused of being loyal to Nazi Germany and collaborating in war crimes.

By 1946 the expulsions were in full swing, and Helmut Scholz, who was a six-year-old child at the time, was caught up in the turmoil.

Helmut tells Phil Jones about the traumatic train journey, in a cattle truck, from his home in Czechoslovakia to Germany.

(Photo: Helmut Scholz: Credit: Helmut Scholz)

Sudeten Germans were expelled by the Czechoslovak government after World War Two

Around three million German speakers were expelled from Czechoslovakia following Germany's defeat in World War Two. Helmut, who was a child at the time tells his story.

The 'father Of E-books'

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In 1971, an American historical document typed out on a university computer played a vital role in the digital revolution of electronic books. It became the foundation of Project Gutenberg.

Michael Hart, the visionary behind the project, later became known as the ‘father of e-books'.

His close friend and Project Gutenberg's CEO and director, Greg Newby, tells Gill Kearsley how a bike ride to a shop became the unlikely catalyst for a global transformation in how we read and share literature.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In 1971, there was a key moment in the digital revolution of e-books

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

An American historical document typed out on a university computer played a vital role in the digital revolution of electronic books in 1971.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Father Of Ethio-jazz

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For more than 50 years, Mulatu Astatke has been performing at venues around the world, inspiring audiences with his original genre of music known as Ethio-jazz.

He recorded the volumes of ‘Afro-Latin Soul' with his band, The Ethiopian Quintet, in 1966. They were the first experiments of this new sound, fusing Ethiopian traditional notes with Afro Latin and jazz forms.

Mulatu Astatke tells Vicky Carter how he created the genre of Ethio-jazz.

(Photo: Mulatu Astatke. Credit: BBC)

In 1966, Ethiopian musician Mulatu Astatke recorded a new genre of music, Ethio-jazz.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Ethiopian multi-instrumentalist and musician Mulatu Astatke founded a new genre of music, Ethio-jazz. In 1966 he recorded this original sound with his band The Ethiopian Quintet.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Fight To Stop Skin Bleaching In India

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In 2013, Emami an Indian beauty and wellness company put out an advert for their skin bleaching product 'Fair and Handsome'.

It features billionaire blockbuster actor Shah Rukh Khan telling a young man that he can get more attention and live a better life if he uses the product.

Kavitha Emmanuel who was campaigning to end colourism in India, saw the advert and decided to petition directly against it.

She managed to gather 20,000 signatures and went to the Emami headquarters to ask them to take it down.

Kavitha tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how she handed out boxes of dark chocolate with 'Dark and Handsome' written on them, to make her point.

(Image: Woman with bleaching cream on. Credit: GettyImages)

In 2013, Kavitha Emmanuel campaigned to stop skin bleaching in India

In 2013, Kavitha Emmanuel campaigned against Emami's 'Fair and Handsome' skin bleaching product.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Fight To Stop Skin Lightening In India

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In 2013, Emami, an Indian beauty and wellness company, put out an advert for their skin lightening product 'Fair and Handsome'.

It features billionaire blockbuster actor Shah Rukh Khan telling a young man that he can get more attention and live a better life if he uses the product.

Kavitha Emmanuel who was campaigning to end colourism in India, saw the advert and decided to petition against it.

She managed to gather 20,000 signatures and went to the Emami headquarters to ask them to take it down.

Kavitha tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how she handed out boxes of dark chocolate with 'Dark and Handsome' written on them, to make her point.

The First Aboriginal Mp

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A warning for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander listeners - this programme contains the names and voices of people who have died.

In 1971, Neville Bonner became the first Aboriginal person to become a member of the Australian Parliament.

In 1979, he was named Australian of the Year in recognition of his work fighting for the rights of indigenous Australians - Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

His great niece Joanna Lindgren shares her memories of 'Uncle Neville' with Vicky Farncombe.

He was gentle, he was a terrific listener. It didn't matter that you were 13 years old, you never felt that he was not interested in what you had to say,' she says.

(Photo: Old Parliament House, in Canberra. Credit: Getty Images)

In August 1971, the first Aboriginal MP took his place in the Australian Senate.

The story of Australia's first Aboriginal MP and how he fought for indigenous rights.

The First Bosphorus Bridge

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In 1973, the Bosphorus Bridge was completed connecting Europe and Asia.

The suspension bridge was the first of three spanning the Bosphorus Strait in Istanbul, Turkey.

Wayne Wright speaks to Harvey Binnie who was an important member of the design team.

A Made in Manchester production for BBC World Service.

(Photo: The Bosphorus Bridge. Credit: Keystone/Getty Images)

In 1973, the first bridge connecting Europe and Asia was completed

In 1973, the first bridge connecting Europe and Asia was completed. The suspension bridge was the first of three spanning the Bosphorus Strait.

The First Budget Transatlantic Flights

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In 1955, a small Icelandic airline, Loftleioir Icelandic, slashed the cost of flying across the Atlantic.

For the first time, thousands of young Americans were able to afford air travel to Europe on what became known as the 'Hippie Express.

In 2017, Mike Lanchin spoke to Edda Helgason, whose father, Sigurdur Helgason, launched the ambitious scheme, and Hans Indridason, who ran the company's sales and marketing department at the time.

(Photo: Icelandic Airlines plane, with passengers disembarking, 1965. Credit: Smith Collection / Gado / Getty Images)

In 1955, an Icelandic airline slashed the cost of flying across the Atlantic

The First Cia-backed Coup In Latin America

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In June 1954, the first CIA-backed coup took place in Guatemala, when President Jacobo Arbenz was overthrown in a operation organised by the US government. The Administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower feared his policies, which included a land reform, could threaten the interests of one of the most powerful firms in the US at the time – the United Fruit Company.

Arbenz was labelled a communist, and he was forced into a long exile that took him and his family to seek shelter across Europe and Latin America. Arbenz's son told Mike Lanchin in 2016 about the devastating impact the coup had on his family.

(Photo: The Arbenz family in 1955. Credit: RDB via Getty)

President Jacobo Arbenz of Guatemala was overthrown in a revolt sponsored by the US

The first CIA-backed coup in Latin America took place in 1954, when President Jacobo Arbenz of Guatemala was overthrown and forced into exile.

The First Cold Chain Vaccination Storage System

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In 1974, Ghana pioneered a new system which would help in the roll-out of the immunisation of serious diseases across Africa and the rest of the world. The World Health Organisation chose the country to trial its cold chain system, to help keep vaccines for often deadly diseases refrigerated. It would later evolve into the storage systems used to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic.

Justice Baidoo meets Patience Azuma, who was one of the first children to benefit from the Enhanced Immunisation Programme in the 1970s and Dr Kofi Ahmed later a chief medical officer, who helped in the original cold storage system roll out.

A Made in Manchester Production for BBC World Service.

(Photo: A man being vaccinated in Ghana. Credit: Junior Asiama / 500px)

In 1974, Ghana pioneered a new system, to help immunise against serious diseases

Ghana was the first country where the World Health Organisation trialled its cold chain to help keep vaccines refrigerated, for immunisation against serious diseases.

The First Commercially Successful Electronic Cigarette

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In the summer of 2003, pharmacist Hon Lik was one of millions of smokers in China.

He was coughing a lot and having problems with his breathing and wondered if he could make an alternative cigarette.

After various experiments, he created a vape prototype. It went on sale in May 2004 and was instantly a hit - selling 100,000 in China.

Hon tells Megan Jones how he brought it to market.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Hon Lik smokes his invention. Credit: Frederic J Brown/AFP via Getty Images)

In May 2004, pharmacist Hon Lik's vape went on sale in China

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In May 2004, pharmacist Hon Lik's vape went on sale in China. In the first year, over 100,000 were sold.

[LISTEN NOW]

The First Ever Quintuplets

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Ninety years ago, the first surviving quintuplets were born in a small village in northern Canada.

The Dionnes grew up in a specially-adapted nursery where millions of people could visit them.

But, years later they struggled to adapt to life back with their parents which led to a fight for compensation.

This programme was produced and presented by Simon Watts in 2012 using BBC archive.

(Photo: The quintuplets on their fourth birthday. Credit: Bettmann via Getty Images)

Ninety years ago, five girls were born and exhibited to the world

In 1934, the Dionne babies became the first quintuplets to survive birth but grew up away from their parents. Millions travelled to see them in their specially-adapted nursery.

The First Global Case Of Coral Bleaching

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In 1998, a mysterious phenomenon turned many of the world's most colourful coral reefs deathly white.

It was the first recorded global coral bleaching event in history, and ecologists blamed it on rising ocean temperatures caused by climate change.

Studies showed that when the oceans get warmer, it stresses the corals, causing them to expel the algae that give them their colour, and so turn white.

Since then there have been four global bleaching events, which have destroyed up to 20% of the world's reefs, and threatened the economy, tourism and livelihoods of more than 30 countries.

Marine ecologist Clive Wilkinson worked as co-ordinator for the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, based in Queensland, Australia. He tells Jane Wilkinson how the first reports of the phenomenon caused shockwaves in 1998.

(Photo: Reef in Trat, Thailand, damaged by coral bleaching. Credit: Sirachai Arunrugstichai/Getty Images)

In 1998 a strange phenomenon turned the world's most colourful coral reefs deathly white

In 1998 a strange phenomenon turned many of the world's most colourful coral reefs deathly white. Scientists later blamed it on rising ocean temperatures caused by climate change.

[LISTEN NOW]

The First Great Wall Of China Trek

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In May1984, three friends starting trekking along the Great Wall of China. It took 508 days for them to complete and they became the first people to do it.

They finally reached their destination at the Jiayu Pass on 24 September 1985, having documented the condition of the wall every step of the way.

The men became national heroes, as the press followed their progress. Dong Yaohui spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2017 about the inspiration for their journey.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Dong Yaohui, Wu Deyu and Zhang Yuanhua. Credit: Dong Yaohui)

In May 1984, three friends set off on an epic trek along the Great Wall of China

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In May 1984, three friends took on the challenge of trekking the entire length of the Great Wall of China.

[LISTEN NOW]

The First Mega Cruise Ship

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On 16 January 1988, the world's largest passenger ship, Sovereign of the Seas, set sail on her maiden voyage around the Caribbean.

She carried more than 2,600 passengers and had five restaurants, nine bars, four pools and a casino.

Rachel Naylor speaks to her captain, Tor Stangeland.

(Photo: Sovereign of the Seas. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1988, the world's largest passenger ship set sail on her maiden voyage from the USA

In 1988, the world's largest passenger ship, Sovereign of the Seas, set sail on her maiden voyage around the Caribbean.

The First Olympic 'mascot'

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After being designed in one night, Shuss, the cartoon skier, debuted at the 1968 Winter Games in Grenoble, France.

Instead of ‘mascot', the Olympic Organising Committee referred to it as a ‘character' at the time.

In the colours of the French flag, Shuss was available as a variety of souvenirs.

Megan Jones speaks to one manufacturer of Shuss merchandise, André Thiennot.

(Picture: Shuss souvenir. Credit: BBC)

The creation of Shuss for the 1968 Winter Games in Grenoble, France

For the 1968 Winter Games in France, the character Shuss was chosen to bring the Olympic spirit to life. The cartoon skier was designed in one night.

The First Pc Virus

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The first virus for personal computers in 1986 became known as 'Brain'.

Welcome to the dungeon' was the message that flashed up on computer screens.

Brain' spread around the world and became infamous when it was featured in newspapers and magazines.

Amjad Farooq Alvi told Gill Kearsley in 2023 how he and his brother, Basit, came to develop this accidental virus from their shop in Lahore, Pakistan.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: IBM PC Credit: Bettman/Getty)

Creating the first virus for personal computers

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1986, the first virus for personal computers spread and became known as 'Brain'.

Amjad Farooq Alvi told Gill Kearsley in 2023 how he and his brother developed it accidentally.

[LISTEN NOW]

The First Televised Us Presidential Debate

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In 1956, the two largest US parties agreed to participate for the first time in a televised debate ahead of the presidential elections. But instead of incumbent President Dwight D. Eisenhower and his Democratic opponent Adlai Stevenson, the audience watched two female representatives defending their candidates.

Former first lady Eleanor Roosevelt and Senator Margaret Chase Smith took the stage to represent the Democratic and Republican candidates. It was a 30-minute format in which speakers focused on international affairs and civil rights. A panel of journalists asked questions and both women were allowed to render a final statement, setting the path for future debates.

Historians Kate Scott and Janann Sherman tell Stefania Gozzer how the event took place.

(Photo: Eleanor Roosevelt and Margaret Chase Smith. Credit: CBS News)

In 1956, US presidential candidates sent female representatives to the first debate on TV

In 1956, the Democratic and Republican candidates sent female representatives to the first televised presidential debate. They were Eleanor Roosevelt and Margaret Chase Smith.

The First Television Opera

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On 24 December 1951, in the United States, television history was made with the live broadcast of Amahl and the Night Visitors, the first opera ever composed specifically for TV.

Written by acclaimed Italian composer Gian Carlo Menotti, the opera almost didn't happen. Struggling with writer's block and a looming deadline, Menotti feared he wouldn't finish, until a visit to an art gallery sparked a childhood memory and inspired the story.

Broadcast live every Christmas Eve on NBC until 1966, Amahl and the Night Visitors became a much-loved holiday tradition for American audiences.

Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley using a variety of archive from the 1950s through to the 2000s.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Gian Carlo Menotti in 1957. Credit: Erich Auerbach/Getty Images)

In 1951, the first opera ever composed specifically for TV was broadcast

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Television history was made with the live broadcast of Amahl and the Night Visitors, the first opera ever composed specifically for TV in 1951.

[LISTEN NOW]

The First World Laughter Day

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On the 11 January 1998 in Mumbai, India, the first World Laughter Day took place.

It was the idea of Dr Madan Kataria, a medical doctor who wanted to test the theory that laughter is the best medicine.

He tells Gill Kearsley how this unusual event started.

(Photo: World Laughter Day in Mumbai in 2016. Credit: Arijit Sen/Hindustan Times via Getty Images)

The first World Laughter Day took place in Mumbai, India in January 1998

Dr Madan Kataria is the founder of World Laughter Day. The first one took place in Mumbai, India, on 11 January 1998.

The Fish That Sparked The Turbot War

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[LISTEN NOW]

The Flint Water Crisis

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Flint was once one of the richest cities in the United States. But in the 1980s, it was badly affected by the downturn in car manufacturing and by 2014 it was nearly bankrupt. To save money, the city switched its water supply away from Lake Huron to its own Flint River, but state officials failed to treat the river water properly. As a result lead, a powerful neurotoxin, was released into the drinking water.

Despite mounting evidence, officials denied anything was wrong and it took them a year and a half to switch water supply back to Lake Huron. But many residents of Flint –a majority African-American city with high rates of poverty– have been left fearful about the long term impacts on their children.

Rob Walker speaks to lifelong Flint resident Jeneyah McDonald who had two young children at the time. He also hears from Dr Mona Hanna-Attisha – a paediatrician and professor of public health– who helped bring the scandal to national attention after showing that lead had found its way into the bloodstreams of the city's children.

(Photo: Bottled water donations to help with the Flint Michigan water crisis in 2016. Credit: Dennis Pajot via Getty Images)

In 2014, a city in Michigan was exposed to dangerous levels of lead in its water supply

In April 2014, the US city of Flint in Michigan switched to a new water supply. It was supposed to save money but instead residents were exposed to dangerous levels of lead.

The Flooding Of Florence

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In November, 1966, Florence suffered one of the worst floods in its history after heavy rainfall caused the River Arno to burst.

The Italian city was submerged under tons of mud, rubble and sewage, leaving thousands homeless and destroying around 14,000 art treasures, and millions of books and manuscripts.

Among those who came to the rescue were the so-called ‘mud angels' – young people from around the world who wanted to help in the clean-up.

Antonina Bargellini, then the 22-year-old daughter of the city's mayor, recalls days of deep mud and stinking streets. She tells Jane Wilkinson about what happened.

Archive from BBC, British Pathe and Associated Press, plus Florence: Days of Destruction, directed by Franco Zeffirelli in 1966.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Flooded street in Florence, 1966. Credit: Giorgio Lotti/Mondadori via Getty Image)

In 1966, Florence was left underwater after heavy rainfall caused the River Arno to burst

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1966, Florence was left underwater after the River Arno burst. Mud, rubble and sewage swept through the Italian city, leaving thousands homeless and destroying artwork.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Founding Of Magnum Photos

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In the aftermath of World War Two, a group of famous photographers brought their individual styles into one powerful collaboration, over a celebratory bottle of champagne.

On 22 May 1947 the agency, Magnum Photos was founded, going on to represent some of the world's best photographers.

In 2017, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Jinx Roger, the widow of one of the founders, and Inge Bondi one of the very first staff members.

(Photo: French photographer Raymond Depardon who become a partner at Magnum Photos. Credit: Raph GATTI / AFP via Getty Images)

On 22 April 1947, a group of famous war photographers founded the agency.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In the aftermath of World War Two, the agency was founded by a group of famous photographers, going on to represent some of the world's best.

Louise Hidalgo has been speaking to Jinx Roger, the widow of one of the founders, and Inge Bondi one of the very first staff members.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Founding Of Nato

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Nato - the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation - was formed in 1949 by 12 countries, including the US, UK, Canada and France.

Its aim was to block expansion by the then Soviet Union - a group of states which included Russia.

The UK's foreign secretary at the time, Ernest Bevin, played a key role in persuading the US to join the alliance.

This programme, produced and presented by Vicky Farncombe, tells the story of Nato's founding using archive interviews.

(Credit: Ernest Bevin signs the North Atlantic treaty. Credit: Getty Images)

The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation was formed to block the Soviet Union's expansion

In 1949, a group of 12 countries formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation to block the expansion of the Soviet Union.

Nato - the North Atlantic Treaty Organization - was formed in 1949 by 12 countries, including the US, UK, Canada and France.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was formed to block the Soviet Union's expansion

In 1949, a group of 12 countries formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to block the expansion of the Soviet Union.

The Founding Of The Warsaw Pact

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On 14 May 1955, the leader of the Soviet Union and leaders from seven European countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact.

In the years following World War Two, the Soviet Union and the United States started the worldwide Cold War. While Western powers feared the spread of communism, the Soviets worried about US atomic bombs.

What resulted was the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) in 1949.

The Warsaw Pact was signed six years later in response to West Germany joining NATO.

Natasha Fernandes uses archive of East Germany's leader Otto Grotewohl to tell the story.

(Photo: Soviet Premier, Nikolai Bulganin (centre) addresses Soviet leaders at the Warsaw Conference on 14 May 1955. From left to right: Marshal Ivan Koniev, Minister Vyacheslav Molotov, Bulganin and Marshal Gregori Zhukov. Credit: Bettmann via Getty images)

On 14 May 1955, eight Soviet countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 14 May 1955, the leader of the Soviet Union and Heads of State from seven European countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact.

(Photo: Russian Leaders in Session on 14th May 1955. Credit: Bettmann via Getty images)

On the 14th May 1955, eight Soviet countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact.

On the 14th May 1955, the leader of the Soviet Union and Heads of State from seven European countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Founding Of Usaid

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On 3 November 1961, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) was founded, bringing all existing aid work under one single agency.

In 1964, Babara Ward later Baroness Jackson spoke to the John F Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum Oral History Program.

Barbara contributed foreign aid ideas to prime ministers and presidents across the world.

One of the first countries that was the focus of USAID was the newly independent West African nation of Ghana.

She talks about how she influenced the decision for USAID to help fund the construction of Ghana's Volta River Project.

Surya Elango listens back to an archive interview of Barbara Ward.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Barbara Ward. Credit: Kurt Hutton/Picture Post/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

One woman's influence on USAID during the 1960s 'Decade of Development

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Friendship Train: Connecting India And Bangladesh

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When the train service between India and Bangladesh was suspended in 1965, following war between Pakistan and India, it lay dormant for 43 years.

But in a day of celebration in 2008, the Maitree (or Friendship) Express rumbled into life and connected the two countries once more.

In 2020, Farhana Haider spoke to Dr Azad Chowdhury who was on the inaugural train journey.

(Photo: Crowds line the tracks for the train's first journey. Credit: STRDEL/AFP/Getty Images)

In 2008, India and Bangladesh were reconnected by train after 43 years

In 2008, India and Bangladesh were reconnected by train, 43 years after the 1965 war between India and Pakistan halted the service.

The Funeral Of Nelson Mandela

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On 15 December 2013, South Africa held the funeral of Nelson Mandela who led the struggle in defeating apartheid and became the country's first black president.

His ancestral home in the village of Qunu in South Africa's Eastern Cape hosted 60 world leaders including four United States presidents and two UN secretary generals.

It was the first state funeral held by the country.

Nelson Mandela's eldest child Dr Makaziwe Mandela tells Josephine McDermott how it took eight years to plan and why it makes her proud to remember that day.

(Photo: Candles are lit under a portrait of Nelson Mandela at his funeral service. Credit: Odd Andersen/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2013, South Africa's first black president was buried in his ancestral village

In 2013, a humble village in South Africa hosted the funeral of the country's revered statesman, Nelson Mandela. Sixty world leaders attended and tens of thousands mourned.

The Funeral Train For Robert Kennedy

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In June 1968, Senator Robert Kennedy was killed during his campaign for the American presidency.

There was nationwide mourning with huge crowds lining the tracks for his funeral train, as it travelled from New York to Washington DC.

In 2012, Simon Watts spoke to Kennedy's former press secretary Frank Mankiewicz and to his former bodyguard Rosey Grier.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Gambia's 'queen Of Recycling'

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In 1997, Isatou Ceesay, who lives in The Gambia had an idea to make bags and purses out of old discarded plastic.

Her idea to help the environment started with a group of five women and has grown to become a national project that supports women in the country to improve their skills and income.

She is now recognised worldwide for her environmental work and has become known in Africa as the ‘'Queen of Recycling'.

Isatou tells Gill Kearsley her story.

(Photo: Isatou Ceesay. Credit: BBC)

In 1997, a Gambian woman started an environmental initiative

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Isatou Ceesay started a small project to help the environment in 1997. It has grown to become a national project.

[LISTEN NOW]

The German Naturists

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For years, Germans have been bathing nude at the beach.

The naturist movement, called the FKK, was banned under the Nazis.

People also faced official disapproval during the early years of communist rule in East Germany.

Mike Lanchin spoke to German nudist, Wolfgang Haider, in 2017.

(Photo: Bathers enjoy the beach. Credit: Sean Gallup via Getty Images)

The naturist movement began in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century

Germans have been stripping off at the beach for years. The naturist movement called the FKK is known as the ‘free body culture'.

The Germanwings Plane Crash

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When General David Galtier hovered above the French Alps in a helicopter on 24 March 2015 he could not see the 60-tonne plane he was looking for.

Instead he saw thousands and thousands of little pieces of metal.

“There was nothing, ? he says. “Only these little stars shining in the mountains. ?

Ten years on, he recalls to Josephine McDermott how he led the police's search operation, from the moment he heard about the disappearance of Flight 4U 9525, to the handing back of the victims' possessions.

In the first 24 hours, the possibility that such a routine, short-haul flight cruising with two experienced pilots on board could end in the loss of 150 people was almost impossible to comprehend.

Then, Gen Galtier heard the cockpit voice recorder which revealed the last efforts from air traffic control to communicate with Andreas Lubitz who had locked himself in the cockpit. Investigators drew the harrowing conclusion that he had intended to crash the plane.

(Photo: The memorial site of the Germanwings plane crash. Credit: AP)

General David Galtier who led the search operation recalls the 2015 crash

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 24 March 2015 all 150 people on Germanwings Flight 4U 9525 were killed when co-pilot Andreas Lubitz crashed the plane into a mountain.

[LISTEN NOW]

The 'ghost Town' Of Namibia

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In the early 1900s, the first diamond was found in Kolmanskop, in the African country of Namibia.

It led to a diamond rush and the town was created.

Having become one of the wealthiest places, when the diamonds ran out it was abandoned.

It meant this once vibrant place started being buried by the Namib Desert.

Dieter Huyssen speaks to Megan Jones about his memories of visiting the town, which is where his family once called home.

(Photo: Dieter's father's house. Credit: Dieter Huyssen)

In 1908, the first Kolmanskop diamond was found. It's now abandoned, buried in the desert

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1908, the first diamond was found in Kolmanskop, Africa. But, as the diamonds ran out, it became abandoned and buried in the desert.

In the early 1900s, the first diamond was found in Kolmanskop, Africa.

After becoming one of the wealthiest places, when the diamonds ran out it was abandoned.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Gratitude Train: France Thanks America

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In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in the United States, made up of 49 wagons filled with thousands of gifts from France.

The convoy was a thank-you to American families who'd sent food and supplies across the Atlantic, via a ‘friendship train' in the aftermath of World War Two.

It was the idea of a French railworker called Andre Picard. In the same spirit as the friendship train, he asked families across France to make donations.

The response was 52,000 gifts that filled 49 rail wagons or ‘boxcars', one for each US state, and to be distributed to American families. Some donations were valuable; a carriage used by King Louis XV. Others were handmade; a knitted scarf or a child's painting.

June Cutchins tells Jane Wilkinson about the treasure her family received from the Florida boxcar.

(Photo: Gratitude train boxcar unloaded in New York, 1949. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images)

In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in the US, 49 wagons of thank you gifts from France

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in the US; 49 wagons of gifts sent from France. The convoy was a thank-you for American food and supplies in the aftermath of World War II.

In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in America, made up of 49 wagons filled with thousands of gifts from France.

The response was 52,000 gifts that filled 49 boxcars, one for each US state, and to be distributed to American families. Some donations were valuable; a carriage used by King Louis XV. Others were handmade; a knitted scarf or a child's painting.

In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in America, 49 wagons of thank you gifts from France

In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in America; 49 wagons of gifts sent from France. The convoy was a thank-you for American food and supplies in the aftermath of World War II.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Great Toyota War

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In 1987, a decades-long war in Chad reached a dramatic turning point in what would come to be known as the Great Toyota War.

Named after the rugged pick-up trucks that transformed modern desert warfare, this campaign saw the lightly armed Chadian forces out manoeuvre Libya's heavily fortified military.

They achieved a string of astonishing victories, including the capture of the Libyan airbase at Ouadi Dum. Former Chadian officer Mahamat Saleh Bani recalls the speed, ingenuity, and bravery that defined this extraordinary chapter of African history. He speaks to Pearse Lynch. An Africa Digital Audio production.

(Photo: Great Toyota War. Credit: AFP)

In 1987, rugged pickup trucks provided a turning point in the decades-long war in Chad

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1987, rugged pickup trucks gave the lightly armoured Chadian forces an advantage in the decades-long war against Libya's heavily fortified military.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Green March: Moroccans Take Over The Sahara

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On 6 November 1975, tens of thousands of Moroccans poured into Spanish Sahara in a bid to claim it for their own.

They danced, waved flags and played music as they faced off, unarmed, against gun-carrying Spanish soldiers.

The so-called Green March led to a diplomatic victory for Morocco's King Hassan, but sparked a guerrilla war and decades of instability.

In 2013, TV cameraman Seddik Maaninou and North Africa expert Francis Gillies told Simon Watts about that momentous protest.

(Photo: Protestors on the Green March. Credit: Jacques Haillot/Apis/Sygma/Sygma/Getty Images)

In 1975, unarmed Moroccans faced off against gun-carrying Spanish soldiers

In 1975, hundreds of thousands of Moroccans faced off against armed Spanish soldiers in a bid to control the Sahara.

The Handover Of The Panama Canal

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The Panama Canal is a short cut between the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean and plays a huge role in global shipping.

The United States had rights to the land surrounding it, known as the canal zone, and also controlled the waterway itself.

In 1977, responding to years of Panamanian protest, US President Jimmy Carter and Panama's General Omar Torrijos signed two new treaties, giving full control to Panama.

The handover ceremony took place in December 1999.

Alberto Aleman Zubieta was an administrator of the canal. Twenty-five years on, he tells Gill Kearsley the story of the handover.

(Photo: Panama handover ceremony. Credit: Pedro Ugarte/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1999 the Panama Canal was handed over from US to Panamanian rule

The Panama Canal was handed over from US to Panamanian rule in December 1999

In 1977, responding to years of Panamanian protest, U.S. President Jimmy Carter and Panama's General Omar Torrijos signed two new treaties that meant Panama would get full control.

In 1999 the Panama Canal was handed over from USA to Panamanian rule

The Panama Canal was handed over from USA to Panamanian rule in December 1999

[LISTEN NOW]

The Heimlich Manoeuvre

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Since its adoption as a first aid method, the Heimlich Manoeuvre has saved untold numbers of lives around the world.

Developed by American physician Dr Henry Heimlich as a way to save choking victims from dying, his manoeuvre would become famous just weeks after it was written about in a medical journal.

But as well as his namesake manoeuvre, Heimlich was responsible for several other medical innovations throughout his life.

Ashley Byrne hears from Janet Heimlich, one of Dr Heimlich's children.

A Made In Manchester/Workerbee co-production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: Dr Henry Heimlich demonstrates the Heimlich manoeuvre on host Johnny Carson in 1979. Credit: Gene Arias/NBCU Photo Bank/NBCUniversal via Getty Images)

How the life-saving method to stop choking was developed

How Dr Henry Heimlich invented a life-saving manoeuvre, which stopped people dying from choking around the world. It was just one of Dr Heimlich's medical innovations.

The Hillsborough Disaster

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On 15 April 1989, there was a crowd crush at a football match in Sheffield, England, which led to the death of 97 fans.

It was the semi-final of the FA Cup between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest and the worst sporting disaster in UK history.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Jenni Hicks, whose daughters died in the disaster.

This programme contains distressing details.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Tributes laid in memory of those who died at Hillsborough. Credit: Liverpool FC via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Hindenburg Airship Disaster

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The Hindenburg was the largest airship ever built and the pride of Nazi Germany.

In May 1937, it flew over the Atlantic from Frankfurt, in Germany, to New Jersey, in the United States.

During its mooring at Lakehurst Naval Air Station it burst into flames, killing 35 of the 97 passengers and crew.

Radio reporter Herb Morrison watched the horror unfold and his eyewitness account became one of the most famous moments in journalism history.

Vicky Farncombe presents this episode.

(Photo: The Hindenburg airship disaster. Credit: Sam Shere/Getty Images)

In 1937, the Hindenburg bust into flames during mooring, killing 35 people on board.

In 1937, the Hindenburg airship bust into flames during its mooring in New Jersey, in the US, killing 35 of the 97 passengers and crew.

The Hippo And The Tortoise

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Following the devastating tsunami of 2004, a baby hippo named Owen was rescued from the sea off the coast of Kenya.

He was taken to Haller Park in Mombasa, home of a 130-year-old giant tortoise called Mzee.

Owen and Mzee formed an unusual friendship and their story gained worldwide fame.

Dr Paula Kahumbu tells their story to Gill Kearsley.

(Photo: Owen and Mzee. Credit: Peter Greste/AFP/Getty Images)

In 2004, a hippo and a tortoise became friends. Their story gained worldwide fame

In Kenya, a baby hippo and a giant tortoise formed an unusual friendship in 2004. The story of Owen and Mzee became a symbol of hope and went viral.

The Historic Handshake In Space

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In July 1975, former competitors the Soviet Union and the United States both launched rockets into the sky within hours of each other, as part of a joint project.

They wanted two spacecraft, from two different countries, to achieve the first international docking in space.

While millions watched on TV, the cosmonauts and astronauts opened the hatches between the two vehicles and shook hands, then shared meals and conducted joint science experiments.

In 2022, former NASA chief historian, Bill Barry told Nick Holland why the unique rendezvous was a turning point.

(Photo: Commander of the Soviet crew of Soyuz, Alexei Leonov (L) and commander of the American crew of Apollo, Thomas Stafford (R). Credit: NASA/AFP via Getty Images).

In July 1975, Russian cosmonauts and American astronauts met in space and shook hands

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1975, Russian cosmonauts and American astronauts met in space. They shook hands between the hatches of their spacecrafts, shared meals and conducted joint science experiments.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Home Video War

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Before streaming and catch-up TV, owning a video recorder was one of the only ways to watch on-demand entertainment.

In 1975 Sony launched Betamax with its half-inch-wide tape capable of recording 60 minutes of television. It was the length of most American shows - the perfect run-time. But in 1977, JVC released its VHS: it was bigger and bulkier, but capable of taping a full two-hour movie. That extra time turned out to be a game-changer, offering viewers more choice, more flexibility, and ultimately, more power.

Johnny I'Anson speaks to industry veteran Marc Wielage, who watched it all unfold from the inside. Marc tells Johnny how marketing, business decisions, and consumer behaviour shaped the outcome.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: VHS and Betamax tape comparison. Credit: Museum of Obsolete Media)

In the 1970s and 80s VHS and Betamax went head-to-head over the home entertainment market

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

For more than a decade, VHS and Betamax battled over which video recorder would win the home entertainment market. By 1988 the eventual champion had been decided.

Johnny I'Anson speaks to industry veteran Mark Wielage, who watched it all unfold from the inside. Marc tells Johnny how marketing, business decisions, and consumer behaviour shaped the outcome.

In the 1970 and 80s VHS and Betamax went head-to-head over the home entertainment market

[LISTEN NOW]

The Howard Hughes Literary Hoax

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In 1971, the publishing world was rocked by one of the biggest hoaxes in literary history – a fake autobiography of the reclusive billionaire Howard Hughes.

Hughes was an aerospace engineer, film producer, record-breaking aviator and business tycoon, who'd built a $2 billion fortune to become one of the richest people in the world.

But for years he'd been living as a recluse, reportedly so terrified of catching a disease that he had almost no contact with the outside world.

That's why the publishers, McGraw Hill, were delighted when Clifford Irving, an American author, persuaded the billionaire to talk. They paid him a $750,000 advance.

But Irving had faked the entire manuscript, and after his scam was discovered, he was sentenced to jail. Jane Wilkinson has been through the BBC archives to find out how it happened.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Howard Hughes, 1947. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images)

In 1971 a conman fooled publishers with a fake autobiography of billionaire Howard Hughes

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1971, US publishers were rocked by one of the biggest hoaxes in literary history – a fake autobiography of the reclusive billionaire Howard Hughes by conman Clifford Irving

That's why the publishers, McGraw Hill, were delighted when Clifford Irving, an American author, persuaded the billionaire talk. They paid him a $750,000 advance.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Hungarian Footballer Executed For Love

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The Magnificent Magyars were Hungary's golden football team of the 1950s.

But behind their shine lay a dark secret.

In 1951, defender Sándor Szűcs was executed for trying to defect from the communist regime.

The married centre-back had wanted to leave Hungary with his lover, singer Erzsi Kovács, who was also married.

The pair had been told to end their illicit relationship or face imprisonment.

They were arrested near the border after being set up by a double agent.

This programme has been made by Vicky Farncombe, using an interview Erzsi gave in 2011 to Hungarian journalist Endre Kadarkai on the Arckép programme, on Zuglo TV.

(Photo: Sándor Szűcs. Credit: Arcanum/Nemzeti Sport)

S\u00e1ndor Sz\u0171cs was hanged for trying to escape communist Hungary with his lover

Defender Sándor Szűcs was hanged for trying to escape communist Hungary with his lover, Erzsi Kovács. His death in 1951 was a warning to other sports stars thinking of defecting.

S\u00e1ndor Sz\u0171cs was hung for trying to escape communist Hungary with his lover, Erzsi Kov\u00e1cs

Defender Sándor Szűcs was hung for trying to escape communist Hungary with his lover, Erzsi Kovács. His death in 1951 was a warning to other sports stars thinking of defecting.

The Hunger-striking Bolivian President

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In Bolivia, on 25 October 1984, President Hernán Siles Zuazo announced he was going on hunger strike.

He was trying to stop the booming cocaine industry in his country. It was the second time he had taken the job of president and he had been on hunger strike several times before.

His daughter Marcela Siles, tells Laura Jones about her father.

(Photo: President Zuazo. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1984, President Zuazo went on hunger strike, in an attempt to stabilise Bolivia

The president of Bolivia, Dr Hernán Siles Zuazo, went on hunger strike in 1984. He wanted to stop public unrest around the country and crack down on the cocaine trade.

He was trying to stop the booming cocaine industry in his country. It was the second time he had taken the job of president and had also been on hunger strike several times before.

The Independence Of Zambia

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In 1964, Zambia became a republic. It was the ninth African state to leave British colonial rule.

Simon Kapwepwe was one of the leaders in the fight for independence, along with his childhood friend Kenneth Kaunda, who became President in 1964.

Simon's daughter, Mulenga Kapwepwe, speaks to Laura Jones about her father's role in naming the country and her memories of that time.

(Photo: Sign welcoming people to Zambia in 1965. Credit: Lambert/Express/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

How Zambia became independent in 1964

The story of Zambia's independence, including how the country got its name. The African country became a republic in 1964.

The Introduction Of Sharia Law In Aceh, Indonesia

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In 2003, Sharia law - Islamic religious law - was introduced in Aceh, the only Indonesian province where it is in force. It followed years of conflict between Aceh and the central government.

In Arabic, Sharia means 'the clear, well-trodden path to water'. It is derived from the Quran, Islam's holy book and from the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad.

Interpretation of Islamic law is nuanced according to local culture and customs, which means the application of Sharia Law may look quite different from country to country.

Azwar Abubakar was the acting governor of Aceh who oversaw the first implementation of Sharia Law - a public caning - on 24 June 2005. He speaks to Surya Elango.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

On 24 June 2005, the first Sharia law public caning took place in Indonesia

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

When Sharia law, Islamic religious law, was introduced in Aceh, the only Indonesian province where it is in force.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of Bubble Tea

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In 1987, a tea shop in Taiwan named Chun Shui Tang began selling pearl milk tea, or bubble tea, as it's often called.

It would revolutionise the tea-drinking world.

Ben Henderson speaks to Liu Han-Chieh, the shop owner, and Lin Xiuhu, who first added the drink's signature tapioca balls.

(Photo: Bubble tea. Credit: Chun Shui Tang)

Chun Shui Tang tea house in Taiwan began selling bubble tea in 1987

Chun Shui Tang tea house in Taiwan began selling bubble tea in 1987. The drink would revolutionise the tea-drinking world. Liu Han-Chieh and Lin Xiuhu created it.

(Photo: Liu Han-Chieh. Credit: Chun Shui Tang)

The Invention Of Gps

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There are few inventions that we rely on as much as the Global Positioning System, also known as GPS. But, when it was created in the late 1970s, nobody wanted it.

Prof Brad Parkinson and his team at the US Air Force built it, and the first GPS satellite was launched in 1978. However, GPS wasn't widely used until an air disaster in 1983 highlighted the need for satellite navigation.

Nowadays, GPS helps countless people travel in the right direction. But, we also rely on it for many things you might not realise: it keeps aeroplanes in the sky, props up global trade, farming and construction, and even supports banking transactions.

Ben Henderson speaks to Prof Parkinson, 'the father of GPS'.

(Photo: GPS devices. Credit: George Wilhelm/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)

The Global Positioning System, also known as GPS, was created in the late 1970s

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

When the Global Positioning System, also known as GPS, was created in the late 1970s, nobody wanted it. But, today it's a different story.

Ben Henderson speaks to Prof Brad Parkinson, 'the father of GPS'.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of Jenga

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It's just over 30 years since the brick game was introduced to the world at a department store in London.

Made of 54 wooden blocks stacked into a tower in rows of three by three, each player takes a turn to remove a block from the tower and place it at the top. When the tower falls, the game is over.

Surya Elango speaks to its British designer Leslie Scott about how a family game that started in her parent's home in 1970s Ghana, became an international hit.

By 1986, the game was successfully introduced into the North America market at a time when video games were taking off.

It's now in the US National Toy Hall of Fame having sold millions worldwide. Leslie went on to create 40 other games.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Leslie Scott with a jenga set in 1983. Credit: Sue Macpherson ARPS.)

How a 1970s family game became an international hit

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The story of the wooden block stacking game invented in the 1970s and the fight to keep its name.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of Kevlar

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In 1965, a new fibre was discovered by Polish American scientist Stephanie Kwolek. It was called Kevlar and it was found to be five times stronger than steel.

Since that discovery it's been used to save thousands of lives through its use in bulletproof vests, but it's also used in hundreds of other products from aeroplanes to protective clothing for motorcyclists.

Stephanie was one of the only female scientists working for the chemical firm DuPont and was passionate about encouraging more women and girls into the field of chemistry.

Tim O'Callaghan has uses archive of Stephanie Kwolek from 1996 to tell the story of her discovery.

(Photo: Stephanie with items which use Kevlar. Credit: Smithsonian Institute)

In 1965, a new fibre was discovered by scientist Stephanie Kwolek

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1965, Polish American scientist Stephanie Kwolek discovered a new fibre that was found to be five times stronger than steel.

Tim O'Callaghan has used archive of Stephanie Kwolek from 1996 to tell the story of her discovery.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of Superglue

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In 1951, American chemist Dr Harry Coover was experimenting with a substance called cyanoacrylate but it was sticking to everything.

He realised its potential as an adhesive and it went on sale in 1958 as Eastman 910, because it only took 10 seconds to set.

But his product only became a commercial success after an appearance on a game show, I've Got a Secret, where Harry demonstrated his glue could hold the weight of the presenter.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Harry's grandson, Adam Paul.

(Photo: Dr Harry Coover holds up items stuck together with superglue in 1986. Credit: AP / Fred Jewell)

In 1951, Harry Coover noticed a chemical he was working with was sticking to everything

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1951, American chemist Dr Harry Coover was experimenting with cyanoacrylate but it was sticking to everything.

(Photo: . Credit: )

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of The Automatic Electric Rice Cooker

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In 1955, entrepreneur and engineer Yoshitada Minami came up with a way to liberate women from two to three hours of housework a day.

When his water heating business started losing sales, he was tasked with inventing an automatic rice cooker – something which the men in the home appliances industry didn't take seriously.

With little knowledge of how to make the perfect rice he turned to the unsung heroine of this tale – his wife, Fumiko Minami.

After years of testing the cookers in the harshest of conditions, Yoshitada and his family stumbled upon an invention that would revolutionise rice cooking forever.

Natasha Fernandes speaks to Aiji Minami, the youngest son of Yoshitada and Fumiko.

(Photo: Automatic electric rice cooker manual. Credit: Toshiba)

In 1955, entrepreneur and engineer Yoshitada Minami, revolutionised rice cooking.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of The 'baby' Computer

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In June 1948, the ‘Baby' was invented. It was the first stored-program computer, meaning it was the first machine to work like the ones we have today.

It was developed in England at the University of Manchester.

The computer was huge, it filled a room that was nearly six metres square. The team who made it are now recognised as the pioneers of modern computing.

Gill Kearsley has been looking through the archives to find out more about the 'Baby'.

(Photo: Freddie Williams and Tom Kilburn, the inventors of the Baby shown programming the Manchester Mk 1 computer. Credit: The University of Manchester)

In 1948, the first stored-program computer the 'Baby' was invented

The ‘Baby ', built in 1948, was the first stored- program computer. It was the first machine to work like the computers we have today.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of The Balloon-expandable Stent

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An estimated 2 million stents are implanted into people's hearts around the world each year – making it one of the key treatments for heart disease.

The treatment was invented by Argentinian doctor Julio Palmaz, who credits a piece of metal being left by a construction worker in his home as inspiration for the structure of the stent.

Collaborating with a US Army cardiologist and getting funding from the owner of a fast-food chain and a pharmaceutical giant; the coronary stent was approved for use in human beings in the 1990s.

Julio Palmaz speaks to Tim O'Callaghan about his invention.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Julio holding a stent. Credit: Julio Palmaz)

The story of how an Argentinian doctor created a new treatment for heart disease

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

An estimated 2 million stents are implanted into the hearts of people around the world each year – this is the story of how they were invented.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of The Ct Scanner

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In 1971, the CT scanner was invented by South African physicist Allan Cormack and British engineer Sir Godfrey Hounsfield.

It was a ground-breaking moment in modern medicine and they're now in almost every hospital around the world.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Allan's son, Robert Cormack.

(Photo: A patient receiving a CT scan in 1977. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1971, the CT scanner was invented by Allan Cormack and Godfrey Hounsfield

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of The Epipen

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In the 1970s, engineer Sheldon Kaplan and his colleagues were tasked with creating an auto-injector pen to be used by US soldiers needing a nerve agent antidote.

The Pentagon called it the ComboPen but, in 1987, it was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as the EpiPen, for patients with allergies.

The device is carried by millions of people all over the world as it can quickly and easily deliver a shot of adrenaline to anyone at risk of death from anaphylactic shock.

Sheldon Kaplan died in 2009 and was inducted into the US National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2016.

Sheldon's son Michael Kaplan and colleague Michael Mesa tell Vicky Farncombe the story behind the pen.

How engineer Sheldon Kaplan and his team made the EpiPen, the lifesaving allergy device

In the 1970s, engineer Sheldon Kaplan and his colleagues invented an auto-injector pen which came to be known as the EpiPen - the lifesaving, allergy device.

The Invention Of The Hotel Key Card

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In the 1970s, Norwegian Tor Sornes invented the hotel key card. He wanted to improve security in hotels after he heard the news that one of his favourite singers, Connie Francis, was attacked in her hotel room.

After making a prototype in his garden shed, Tor then had the challenging task of selling his invention globally.

Tor's son, Anders, tells Gill Kearsley how persistence paid off for Tor, and the hotel key card was adopted worldwide.

(Photo: A later version of a hotel key card. Credit: Getty Images)

Tor Sornes invented the hotel key card in the 1970s because he wanted to improve security after a singer was attacked in her hotel room.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of The Mobility Scooter

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In 1967, American plumber Al Thieme promised his wife with multiple sclerosis that he would find her an alternative to a wheelchair.

He came up with a battery-powered seat on wheels.

He called it an ‘amigo' and soon other people wanted one too. In 1968, he founded Amigo Mobility International and started selling his vehicles around the world.

He speaks to Rachel Naylor.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Al Thieme with an early model. Credit: Amigo Mobility International)

In 1967, American plumber Al Thieme came up with a battery-powered seat on wheels.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1967, American plumber Al Thieme came up with a battery-powered seat on wheels for his wife.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of The Shopping Trolley

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In 1937, American supermarket owner, Sylvan Goldman, came up with a way to get his customers to spend more.

He introduced his 'folding basket carriers' in his Humpty Dumpty chain in Oklahoma, hiring models to push them round his stores.

They caught on, becoming known as shopping carts in the USA.

Rachel Naylor uses clips from a 1977 CBS interview of Sylvan with Charles Kuralt to tell the story.

(Photo: Sylvan Goldman, with models of his shopping trolley. Credit: Don Tullous, Oklahoma Publishing Company Photography Collection, Courtesy of the Oklahoma Historical Society)

In 1937, American supermarket owner, Sylvan Goldman, wanted his customers to spend more

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of The White Led Lightbulb

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In 1993, a literal lightbulb moment led to the invention of the first white light emitting diode (LED).

These LEDs are now used to light up everything from our streets to our homes to this screen you're looking at.

Along with two other Japanese engineers, Professor Shuji Nakamura, was behind this illuminating invention.

But Shuji's journey to this point is one of resilience and perseverance. In his pursuit to discover the first commercial white LED, he had to overcome many obstacles along the way.

With less funding than his counterparts and one of the only inventors without a PhD degree, Shuji stood out from the crowd.

He set out to get his PhD degree and found one of the most sought-after inventions along the way.

Professor Shuji Nakamura speaks to Natasha Fernandes about finding the light and how it might not be what you would expect.

(Photo: Shuji Nakamura speaks during a news conference with LED lights on display. Credit: Kevork Djansezian via Getty Images)

In 1993, a lightbulb moment led to the invention of the first white light emitting diode

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1993, Professor Shuji Nakamura invented the long sought after blue LED light. This led to the white LED which are used to light up our streets, homes, and screens.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Invention Of The Wingsuit

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The wingsuit is the ultimate in extreme sports clothing. The aerodynamic outfit allows base jumpers and skydivers to free-fall for longer before opening a parachute.

The road to creating it was littered with casualties, but in 1999 skydivers Jari Kuosma and Robert Pecnik developed the first commercial wingsuits.

In 2019, Jari told Jonathan Coates how exciting, but also how dangerous they can be.

(Photo: Jari in his wingsuit. Credit: BBC)

In 1999, skydiver Jari Kuosma developed the first commercial wingsuit

In the summer of 1999, two skydivers created the first commercial wingsuit.

The Iran Nuclear Deal

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On 14 July 2015, Iran agreed to temporarily limit its nuclear programme. The deal was signed in Vienna, the capital of Austria.

Officially known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), it was agreed between Iran and a group of world powers known as the P5+1 – the US, UK, France, China, Russia and Germany, together with the EU.

The accord came after years of tension over Iran's alleged efforts to develop a nuclear weapon. Iran insisted that its nuclear programme was entirely peaceful, but much of the international community did not believe that. Iran agreed to limit its nuclear programme and facilitate international inspections, in return for economic sanctions relief.

Baroness Catherine Ashton, who was the European Union's High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, tells Ben Henderson how the plan was achieved.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Baroness Catherine Ashton and Javad Mohammad Zarif, Iranian Foreign Minister, during nuclear negotiations in 2014. Credit: Dieter Nagl/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2015, Iran agreed to limit its nuclear programme in a historic deal

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 14 July 2015, Iran agreed to limit its nuclear programme in return for the lifting of economic sanctions.

In July 2015, Iran agreed to temporarily limit its nuclear programme. The deal was finalised in Vienna, the capital of Austria.

Officially known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), it was agreed with a group of world powers known as the P5+1 – the US, UK, France, China, Russia and Germany, together with the EU.

Ben Henderson hears how the plan was achieved.

In 2015, Iran agreed a deal on its nuclear programme allowing in international inspectors

On 14 July 2015, Iran agreed to limit its nuclear activities and allow in international inspectors in return for the lifting of economic sanctions.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Iran-contra Affair

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The Iran-Contra affair was a scandal that went right to the heart of Ronald Reagan's White House and it became known as one of the most controversial political scandals in modern US history.

In 1986, Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North was accused of orchestrating the illegal sale of weapons to Iran and using those profits to fund rebel groups in Central America.

Five years after the affair, North spoke to the BBC's Panorama. Matt Pintus has been through the interview for Witness History.

Eyewitness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

(Photo: Oliver North in full military uniform on his first day of testimony at the Iran Contra hearings. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1986, Oliver North was accused of orchestrating the illegal sale of weapons to Iran

The Iran-Contra affair was a scandal that went right to the heart of the White House. It became known as one of the most controversial political scandals in modern US history.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Iraqi Journalist Who Hurled His Shoes At George Bush

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In 2008, Iraqi journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest at America's occupation of Iraq.

George W Bush had been giving a joint press conference in Baghdad with Iraqi prime minister Nouri al-Maliki at the time. He was in his final months as president as Barack Obama was due to take over.

As he threw the first shoe, Muntadhar yelled: “Here is your goodbye kiss, you dog.

He tells Vicky Farncombe how he prepared for the moment and what happened to him next.

(Photo: President Bush ducks after Muntadhar al-Zaidi threw a shoe. Credit: Reuters)

Iraqi journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi threw his shoes at the President of the United States

TV journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi threw his shoes at President George W Bush in 2008 to protest against the occupation of Iraq.

The Irish Priest Who Built An Airport

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In May 1986, a new airport opened in Knock in the west of Ireland. It was the dream of an Irish priest, Monsignor James Horan, who raised millions to have it built.

The location for the airport seemed impossible – set in the boggy, foggy hills of rural County Mayo.

However, Knock attracts more than a million pilgrims every year, who come to visit the supposed site of an apparition by the Virgin Mary and other saints.

So, Horan convinced politicians that this remote western landscape could host a gateway to the world, and service the pilgrims who come to visit the shrine of Knock.

Pearce Concannon was working at the local Knock Shrine when the airport opened and remembers when Horan asked him to quit his job and become a firefighter at his new airport. He speaks to Colm Flynn.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Monsignor James Horan in front of the first plane to arrive at the airport. Credit: Ireland West Airport)

The story of how a priest raised millions to open an airport at Knock in Ireland

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1986, Monsignor James Horan raised millions to open an airport in the foggy hills of rural County Mayo, in the west of Ireland.

In 1986, a priest raised millions to open an airport at Knock in Ireland

[LISTEN NOW]

The Irish Shopworkers Strike Against Apartheid

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In 1984, a 21-year-old Irish shopworker refused to serve a customer buying two South African grapefruits. Mary Manning was suspended from the Dunnes store in Dublin, and ten of her colleagues walked out alongside her in protest.

It was the start of a strike that lasted almost three years, and ended when Ireland became the first western country to impose a complete ban of South African imports.

Why did Mary do it? In 1984, she and her colleagues were part of the Irish workers' union, IDATU, which had told its members not to sell items from South Africa.

At the time the 11 strikers knew little about apartheid – South Africa's system of racial segregation - but they soon learnt.

Their protest would lead to them addressing the United Nations, winning praise from Bishop Desmond Tutu, and meeting with Nelson Mandela.

Mary tells Jane Wilkinson about what drove the strikers to continue despite little initial support.

(Photo: Strikers outside Dunnes store in Dublin in 1985. Credit: Derek Speirs)

In 1984, 11 Dunnes store workers walked out after refusing to handle South African goods

In 1984, 11 workers walked out of the Dunnes store in Dublin after refusing to handle South African goods. It was the start of a three year strike against apartheid.

The Japanese Invasion Of Malaya

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On 8 December 1941, Japanese troops landed in northern Malaya marking the start of the second world war in the Pacific.

Invasion forces moved quickly down the British colony – which is now called Malaysia - capturing Singapore in just 55 days.

Their occupation ended on 15 August 1945, when Japan surrendered to the allies after the US had dropped two atomic bombs.

Dorothy Variyan, who lived under Japanese rule for more than three years in south west Malaya, speaks to Jacqueline Paine.

This programme contains archive which uses outdated and offensive language.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Members of an Australian anti-tank gun crew fire weapons at a Type-95 Japanese tank on a road temporarily blocked by a felled tree, outside Singapore, British Malaya, April 1942. Credit: Office of War Information/PhotoQuest/Getty Images)

On 8 December 1941, thousands of Japanese troops landed on beaches near Kota Bharu

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 8 December 1941, shortly after midnight, more than five thousand Japanese troops landed on the beaches near Kota Bharu in northern Malaya.

[LISTEN NOW]

The 'jugroom Fort' Rescue Mission

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In 2007, four Royal Marines strapped themselves to the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan, in an audacious mission to rescue a fallen comrade.

Lance Corporal Mathew Ford was part of a unit which had attacked Jugroom Fort - a major Taliban command and control centre in Helmand province, but he was left behind after a frantic withdrawal.

Volunteers put themselves forward for a risky rescue attempt, which would become legendary in military circles.

Captain Chris Fraser-Perry was a 19 year-old British Royal Marine who took part in the mission. He speaks to Kevin Core.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Captain Dave Rigg (l) and Captain Chris Fraser-Perry strapped to an Apache helicopter, Afghanistan 2007. Credit: Sgt Gary Stanton)

In 2007, four Marines were strapped to the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2007, four Royal Marines strapped themselves to the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan in an attempt to bring back a fallen comrade.

In 2007, four British servicemen perched on the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan, in an audacious mission to rescue a fallen comrade.

In 2007, British forces staged a daring rescue from a Taliban stronghold in Afghanistan

In 2007, four British servicemen perched on the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan, in an attempt to bring back a fallen comrade.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Juliet Letters

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The Juliet Club is in Verona, Italy, a place known throughout the world as being the city of love.

The club has been replying to mail addressed to Shakespeare's tragic heroine, Juliet since the early 1990s.

The story of the Juliet letters started in the 1930s when the guardian of what is known as Juliet's tomb began gathering the first letters people left at the grave and answering them.

The task was taken on by the Juliet Club which was founded by Giulio Tamassia in 1972. His daughter, Giovanna, tells Gill Kearsley that thousands of love letters from around the world are each given a personal response.

(Photo: Letters to the Juliet Club. Credit: Leonello Bertolucci/Getty Images)

Since the 1990s the Juliet Club has answered letters to the Shakespearian heroine

Each year thousands of letters addressed to Shakespeare's heroine, Juliet arrive in Verona. The Juliet Club has been answering those letters since the 1990s.

The Kaohsiung Incident

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On 10 December 1979, pro-democracy activists clashed with police in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

The incident, which happened during Taiwan's martial law period, paved the way for the transition to democracy.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Yao Chia-wen, who was jailed for 12 years for his involvement.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The Kaohsiung Incident on 10 December 1979. Credit: AP Photo / Yueh-Kang Pan)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Khmer Rouge Take Power In Cambodia

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In April 1975 the four-year rule of the brutal Khmer Rouge began in Cambodia.

Up to two million people are thought to have died - many summarily executed, or starved to death in the communist regime.

In 2013, Mike Langan spoke to Youk Chhang, who was just 14-years-old when the Khmer Rouge swept to power.

(Photo: The Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, Credit: PRESSENS BILD/AFP via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

It's 50 years since the communist Khmer Rouge took power in Cambodia, up to two million people are thought to have died in their four-year rule.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Killing Of Cecil The Lion

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In 2015, a much-loved lion was killed in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter.

Black-maned Cecil was one of the star attractions at Hwange National Park. He was baited outside the park and shot with a bow.

He was cleared of any wrongdoing but the killing became international news and sparked a global debate about trophy hunting and its role in conservation.

Prof Andrew Loveridge, who had been tracking Cecil for the Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, tells Vicky Farncombe about the moment he was told the lion had died.

(Photo: Cecil the lion. Credit: Brent Stapelkamp)

In 2015, Cecil, a much-loved lion, was shot in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2015, Cecil, a much-loved lion, was shot in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter. It sparked a global debate about trophy hunting and its role in conservation.

[LISTEN NOW]

The L'amicale Four

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In 1999, a fire at the L'Amicale gambling house in Port Louis, Mauritius, killed seven people. The fire began during riots that followed a disputed football final between the Catholic Fire Brigade and the Muslim supported Scouts Club.

Police arrested dozens of suspects, and four men were later convicted of arson and murder. They became known as the L'Amicale Four.

Years later, a group of senior lawyers reviewed the case and found major gaps in the original investigation, raising new questions about what really happened.

Katie Harris hears from Imran Sumodhee, one of the L'Amicale Four.

A CTVC production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Picture: A crowd of supporters for the L'Amical Four. Credit: l'express)

A Mauritian man jailed for two decades shares his story of what happened in Port Louis

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1999, seven people died in a fire at the L'Amicale gaming house in Port Louis, Mauritius. Four men were convicted of arson amid claims of coercion and a flawed investigation.

In 1999, seven people died in a fire at the L'Amicale gaming house in Port Louis, Mauritius. The blaze occurred during riots ignited at the Mauritian Football League Final. Following the arson attack, police arrested forty people and secured coerced confessions, leading to the wrongful conviction of four men, who became known as the L'Amicale four. Their fight for justice saw their sentences reduced and they were released in 2018. Khaleel Sumodhee, one of the L'Amicale four, speaks to Katie Harris about his ordeal. This was a CTVC production.

In 1999, seven people died in a fire in Mauritius. Four men were wrongly convicted

In 1999, seven people died in a fire at the L'Amicale gaming house in Port Louis, Mauritius. Four men were wrongly convicted.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Last Eruption Of Mount Vesuvius

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The Mount Vesuvius eruption that buried Pompeii in 79AD is well known, but far fewer people know about the last time the volcano erupted in 1944.

It was World War Two, and families in southern Italy had already lived through a German invasion, air bombardment, and surrender to the Allies.

And then at 16:30 on 18 March, Vesuvius erupted. The sky filled with violent explosions of rock and ash, and burning lava flowed down the slopes, devastating villages.

By the time it was over, 11 days later, 26 people had died and about 12,000 people were forced to leave their homes.

Angelina Formisano, who was nine, was among those evacuated from the village of San Sebastiano. She's been speaking to Jane Wilkinson about being in the path of an erupting volcano.

(Photo: Vesuvius erupting in March 1944. Credit: Keystone/Getty Images)

Vesuvius is famous for burying Pompeii but it last erupted in 1944, during World War Two

Mount Vesuvius is famous for destroying Pompeii in 79AD but it last erupted in 1944, during World War Two. Rock and ash filled the sky, and a flow of hot lava destroyed homes.

The Last Ever Olympic Art Competition

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From 1912 until 1948, you could win medals in art at the Olympic Games, in categories such as architecture, literature, music, painting and sculpture.

At the London Games in 1948, Canadian composer John Weinzweig won a silver medal for his composition, Divertimento for Flute and Strings.

Rachel Naylor speaks to his son, Daniel Weinzweig.

(Photo: John Weinzeig. Credit: Frank Lennon / Toronto Star via Getty Images)

At the London Games in 1948, Canadian composer John Weinzeig won a silver medal for his composition, Divertimento for Flute and Strings.

Rachel Naylor speaks to his son, Daniel Weinzeig.

The Launch Of Windows 95

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In August 1995, Microsoft released a new operating system - Windows 95 – following one of the computer industry's biggest and most expensive marketing campaigns.

Queues formed outside shops at midnight as people around the world waited to be among the first to buy it.

The new software was designed to be more user friendly, easier to understand and aimed at ordinary people not professional programmers. Connecting to the internet was also more straightforward.

More than 40 million CD Rom copies were sold in the first year, introducing a boom in personal computers at home.

Sarah Leary who demonstrated the software on launch day – alongside Microsoft chairman Bill Gates and US talk show host Jay Leno – talks to Jane Wilkinson.

(Photo: Windows 95. Credit: Bill Nation/Sygma via Getty Images)

In 1995 Microsoft released a new operating system after a $300 million marketing campaign

In 1995, Microsoft released the new Windows 95 operating system after a $300 million marketing campaign. People queued outside shops waiting to be among the first to buy it.

(Photo: Bill Gates at the Windows 95 launch. Credit: Bill Nation/Sygma via Getty Images)

[LISTEN NOW]

The Legacy Of The Pirate Bay

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On 31 May 2006, police launched one of the largest raids in Swedish history, seizing servers from The Pirate Bay - a hugely popular but highly controversial file-sharing website.

Co-founder Peter Sunde managed to copy a backup meaning the site could relaunch just days later. He became a folk hero among internet users who relied on the platform for free access to pirated films and music.

Sunde and his fellow founders were eventually jailed for assisting in the unauthorised distribution of copyrighted content.

He's been speaking to Maddy Savage about The Pirate Bay's battle with Hollywood and the global music industry.

A PodLit production.

(Photo: Peter Sunde speaking to reporters outside court in Stockholm during his trial. Credit: Jonathan Nackstrand/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2006 police raided the popular but controversial file-sharing website The Pirate Bay

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Pirate Bay was a hugely popular but controversial file-sharing website based in Sweden, where users accessed pirated music and films for free. In 2006 it was raided by police.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Liberation Of Auschwitz

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On 27 January 1945, prisoners at the Nazis' largest death camp were freed by the Soviet Union's Red Army.

General Vasily Petrenko commanded one of the four units that liberated Auschwitz.

The Nazis murdered 1.1 million people at Auschwitz-Birkenau between 1941 and 1945. Almost a million were Jews, 70,000 were Polish prisoners, 21,000 Roma, 15,000 Soviet prisoners of war and and an unknown number of gay men.

It was one of six death camps the Nazis built in occupied Poland in 1942, and it was by far the biggest.

Vicky Farncombe produced this episode using an interview General Vasily Petrenko gave to the BBC's Russian Service in 2001. He died in 2003.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Auschwitz survivors watch the arrival of Soviet troops come to free them. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)

General Vasily Petrenko freed prisoners at the Nazi death camp

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

An archive interview with General Vasily Petrenko, one of the Red Army commanders who freed prisoners at the Nazi death camp.

In 1945, General Vasily Petrenko freed prisoners at the Nazi death camp

[LISTEN NOW]

The Longest Musical Composition

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On 31 December 1999, a piece of music started playing in a lighthouse in East London.

It's called Longplayer, and it's set to keep going, without repeating, until the year 2999.

It was created by Jem Finer from The Pogues, using 234 Tibetan singing bowls.

Megan Jones has been to meet Jem Finer, to find out why he wanted to create a one thousand year long musical composition.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In 1999, Longplayer started playing and it will continue, without repeating, until 2999

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 31 December 1999, a piece of music started playing in a lighthouse in East London. It's called Longplayer, and it's set to keep going, without repeating, until the year 2999.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Longest Plane Hijacking In Latin America

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In 1973, two men pretending to be Colombian guerrillas took a plane and flew across Latin America for 60 hours. It was the longest hijacking of an aircraft in the region.

The SAM Airlines plane stopped in countries that included Aruba, Peru, and Paraguay, making its last landing in Argentina, where local authorities were surprised to see the hijackers had vanished.

Former flight attendant Edilma Perez was one of the employees who volunteered to relieve the original crew on the second day of the hijacking. She tells Stefania Gozzer why she made such a risky decision.

(Photo: An air hostess carries food aboard the hijacked Colombian SAM plane during a refuelling stop in Lima. Credit: AP)

In 1973, two men pretending to be Colombian guerrillas hijacked a plane for 60 hours

In 1973, two men pretending to be Colombian guerrillas hijacked a plane and flew across Latin America for 60 hours. It was the longest hijacking of an aircraft in the region.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Lost Czech Scrolls

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On 7 February 1964, an unusual delivery was made to a synagogue in London.

More than 1,500 Torah scrolls, lost since the end of World War Two, were arriving from Czechoslovakia.

The sacred Jewish texts had belonged to communities destroyed by the Nazis.

Alex Strangwayes-Booth talks to 91-year-old Philippa Bernard about the emotional charge of that day.

A CTVC production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: Philippa beside the scrolls in Westminster Synagogue. Credit: BBC)

The Torah scrolls stolen by the Nazis, rescued by an English Jewish community

How over 1,500 Torah scrolls stolen by the Nazis from Jewish communities were rescued and restored.

On 5 February 1964, an unusual delivery was made to a synagogue in London. More than 1,500 Torah scrolls, lost since the end of World War Two, were arriving from Czechoslovakia. The sacred Jewish texts had belonged to communities destroyed by the Nazis. Alex Strangwayes-Booth talks to Philippa Bernard about the emotional charge of that day.

A CTVC production for the BBC Radio 4.

The Torah scrolls stolen by the Nazis, rescued by a London Jewish community

Witness History hears the tale of the Torah scrolls stolen by the Nazis and rescued by a group from a London synagogue over 20 years later

The Making Of The Third Man: A Film Noir Classic

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In 1948, filming began on a post-war thriller that would become one of the greatest British movies of all time.

Directed by Sir Carol Reed, the film captured the atmosphere of a divided, ruined Vienna.

But much of its lasting power lies with Orson Welles, whose magnetic, menacing turn as Harry Lime stole the show - despite his limited screen time and reputation for being famously hard to pin down.

Phil Jones speaks to production assistant Angela Allen about the film that became legend.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Orson Welles, Harry Lime, in a publicity still for The Third Man. Credit: John Springer Collection / CORBIS / Corbis via Getty Images)

In 1948, filming began in Austria on one of the greatest British films of all time

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1948, filming began on a post-war thriller that would become one of the greatest British films of all time.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Man Who Invented The Scratch Card

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In May 1974, scratch cards went on sale for the first time in the US State of Massachusetts.

Free giveaway and coupon games from stores had been commonplace across the USA during the 1950s and 60s – but players could easily cheat.

The mathematician John Koza was hired to make the games more secure; he succeeded in making the modern-day scratch card.

He's told Johnny I'Anson how he convinced the state-run lotteries to use his invention to offer cash prizes.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The original scratch card. Credit: Massachusetts State Lottery)

In 1974 the chance to win instant cash went on sale for the first time

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The story of how American mathematician and computer programmer John Koza created a new way of gambling.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Man Who Invented The Seat Belt

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In 1958, the late Swedish engineer Nils Bohlin invented the three-point safety belt for cars. It's estimated to have saved more than one million lives around the world.

In 2022, Nils's stepson Gunnar Ornmark told Rachel Naylor about the inventor's legacy.

(Photo: Nils Bohlin modelling his invention. Credit: Volvo Cars Group)

In 1958, Swedish engineer Nils Bohlin invented the three-point safety belt for cars

The Man Who Said 'no' To Disney

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In 1941, Walt Disney made a tempting offer to a fellow pioneer of the animation industry, Quirino Cristiani, the author of the first animated feature film.

Cristiani was an Italian immigrant raised in Argentina who built a career creating animated political satires in the early days of cinema. He authored full-length movies that he drew entirely on his own, sketching and cutting thousands of figures that he tied with thread to facilitate motion.

Quirino's technique was rudimentary, but impressive enough to prompt Disney to propose that he join his staff. Hector Cristiani, Quirino's grandson, tells Stefania Gozzer why his grandfather declined the offer, and what happened to most of his work.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal ; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Quirino Cristiani. Credit: Family archive)

In 1941, Walt Disney made an offer to Quirino Cristiani in Buenos Aires, Argentina

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Man Who Smuggled Punk Rock Across The Berlin Wall

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In 1983, punk rock was strictly forbidden in East Berlin. However, that didn't stop young music obsessive Mark Reeder, from Manchester in the UK, smuggling cassettes, and then a punk band across the Berlin Wall.

Mark shares how he arranged for the West German band, Die Toten Hosen, to perform illegally at a secret concert in a church.

This episode was produced by Paul Hanford and Rosalie Delaney. A Munck Studios production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: Members of the band Die Toten Hosen and friends in East Berlin in 1983. Credit: Mark Reeder)

How punk rock band Die Toten Hosen secretly played a concert in East Berlin

In 1983, a man from the UK secretly took punk rock music recordings across the Berlin Wall. Mark Reeder organised a secret concert for the band Die Toten Hosen in East Berlin.

The Milltown Cemetery Attack

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On 16 March 1988, loyalist paramilitary Michael Stone killed three mourners and injured 60 others attending a funeral for IRA members killed in Gibraltar.

The so-called Gibraltar Three had been shot dead by the British Army and brought home to Belfast to be buried in the city's Catholic Milltown Cemetery.

American journalist Bill Buzenberg, who was covering the funeral for National Public Radio in the US, was knocked off his feet in the gun and grenade attack. He shares his memories with Maggie Ayre.

(Photo: People help a wounded person in Milltown Cemetery after the attack at the funeral for three IRA members. Credit: Bernard Bisson/Sygma via Getty Images)

In 1988, during the Troubles in Northern Ireland, three people were killed at a funeral

On 16 March 1988, three people were killed and 60 injured at Milltown Cemetery in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The attack took place during the funeral of three IRA members.

American journalist Bill Buzenberg, who was covering the funeral for National Public Radio in the US, was knocked off his feet in the explosion. He shares his memories with Maggie Ayre.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Missing People Of Cyprus

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Between 1963 and 1974, more than 2,000 people in Cyprus went missing during clashes, a coup and the Turkish invasion.

Only about half of them have been found.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Nick Neokleous, the President of the Organisation of Relatives of Missing Cypriots, whose brother, Pavlos, went missing in 1974.

(Photo: A Cypriot woman holds a picture of her relatives, who went missing in 1974. Credit: Laura Boushnak via Getty Images)

The Mont Blanc Tunnel

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Franco Cuaz, a consultant on the project and the tunnel's first operations manager, spoke to Mike Lanchin in 2017 about the risks and challenges of the ambitious project.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The Mont Blanc Tunnel. Credit: AFP via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Mont Blanc Tunnel

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In July 1965, a 12km tunnel dug deep beneath the Alps was opened to traffic, making it the longest vehicular tunnel in the world. Linking France and Italy, the Mont Blanc Tunnel was a remarkable feat of engineering. Franco Cuaz, a consultant on the project and the tunnel's first operations manager, spoke to Mike Lanchin in 2017 about the risks and challenges of the ambitious project.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The Mont Blanc Tunnel. Credit: AFP via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Mumbai Attacks

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On 26 November 2008, 10 gunmen from the Pakistan-based militant group Lashkar-e-Tayyiba carried out coordinated attacks on Mumbai's busiest hotspots including the Taj and Oberoi hotels, a train station, hospital, and Jewish community centre.

One hundred and sixty-six people were murdered in the attacks, which lasted for three days. The city was locked down as police searched for the gunmen.

Only one, Mohammed Ajmal Kasab, was captured alive by police. He was sentenced to death and executed in 2012.

Dan Hardoon speaks to Devika Rotawan and Arun Jadhav, who came face to face with the militants.

(Photo: Buildings under attack. Credit:Getty Images)

In 2008, 10 gunmen killed more than 100 people in Mumbai's busiest hot spots

On 26 November 2008, 166 people died and hundreds more were injured. Ten gunmen targeted prominent locations in different parts of Mumbai, India.

The Murder Of Maurizio Gucci

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On 27 March 1995, fashion heir Maurizio Gucci was shot dead outside his office in Milan, Italy.

Five people, including his ex-wife, Patrizia Reggiani, and her clairvoyant, were jailed in connection with his murder.

The media called it the 'trial of the century'.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Carmine Gallo, the police officer who cracked the case.

(Photo: Carmine Gallo arresting Patrizia Reggiani, who's wearing his jacket, in 1997. Credit: PA)

On 27 March 1995, the former head of the fashion house was shot dead in Milan, Italy

[LISTEN NOW]

The Mysterious Death Of Pablo Neruda

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In late 1973, Chile was in turmoil. General Augusto Pinochet had led a military coup deposing the socialist president Salvador Allende who was now dead.

The army was rounding up leftists; torturing, imprisoning and killing them.

In the capital Santiago, the country's best-known poet Pablo Neruda was lying in a hospital bed. He was 69 and had cancer.

As a prominent member of the Communist Party his life was in danger. He had to get out.

With him was his driver and personal assistant Manuel Araya who spoke to Gideon Long.

(Photo : The poet in 1963. Credit: Angelo Cozzi/Mondadori/Getty Images)

In 1973, the poet and prominent communist tried to flee persecution in Chile

In 1973, poet and prominent communist Pablo Neruda attempted to escape Chile as leftists were rounded up and killed.

The Mystery Of Evita's Corpse

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When Eva Peron, Argentina's most famous First Lady, died in 1952, her body was embalmed.

Three years later, her widower, Juan Peron, was deposed in a coup. But military officers feared her corpse would become a rallying point of protest against the new government. So they stole it.

Over the next few decades, Evita's body was stored in several different places in several different countries, inspiring wild stories about its supernatural powers.

In 2013, Linda Pressly spoke to Domingo Tellechea, the art restorer charged with repairing the embalmed body.

(Photo: Evita's body returned from Italy. Credit: Keystone/Getty Images)

In 1955 the Argentine military stole the body of the revered former first lady, Eva Peron

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

When Eva Peron, Argentina's First Lady, died in 1952, her body was embalmed. But the military feared her corpse would focus protest against the new government. So they stole it.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Mystery Of France's Lost King

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The fate of Louis-Charles, son of the last king of France, was for years shrouded in rumour.

The little boy was said to have died in prison in 1795. But for years, rumours spread that he had been swapped with an imposter.

It wasn't until a team of scientists took DNA samples from the heart of the imprisoned boy in 2000 that the mystery could be laid to rest.

In 2021, Prof Jean Jacques Cassiman and historian Deborah Cadbury told Claire Bowes about the extraordinary tale.

(Photo: Drawing of Louis-Charles being separated from his mother Marie Antoinette in 1793. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images)

The fate of Louis-Charles, imprisoned in 1795, was for years shrouded in rumour

In 2000, scientists set out to solve a 200-year-old mystery about the lost French King Louis XVII.

The Mystery Of Raoul Wallenberg

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Raoul Wallenberg, a Swedish diplomat, saved thousands of Hungarian Jews from the Nazis during World War Two.

Once Soviet troops reached Budapest, Wallenberg reported to Soviet officials on 17 January 1945. But he was never seen in public again. Rumours of his fate have circled ever since: a Soviet government report said he died of a heart attack in prison, while former officials said he was executed, and prisoners claimed to have seen him decades later. There is still a campaign to uncover what happened to him.

Alex Last made this programme in 2015 using archive recordings.

(Photo: Raoul Wallenberg in 1937. Credit: Keystone/Getty Images)

The Swedish diplomat saved thousands of Hungarian Jews during World War Two

Raoul Wallenberg, a Swedish diplomat, saved thousands of Hungarian Jews from the Nazis during World War Two. But, he was taken into Soviet custody in January 1945 and disappeared.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Nellie Massacre

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The Nellie massacre on 18 February 1983 was the worst bloodshed in the country since Indian independence in 1947. It is estimated that 3,000 people died that day.

Bedabrata Lahkar was a journalist working for the Assam Tribune newspaper at the time. He tells Gill Kearsley about the events that led up to the massacre and the devastating scenes he witnessed.

A warning this programme contains descriptions of violence and language that some people may find offensive.

(Photo: Survivors of the 1983 Assam massacre. Credit: Santosh Basak/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

In 1983, an estimated 3,000 people were massacred in Assam, India

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On the 18 February 1983, an estimated 3,000 people died in Assam, India. The Nellie massacre was the worst bloodshed in the country since Indian independence in 1947.

[LISTEN NOW]

The 'night Of Broken Glass' In Germany

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In November 1938, the Nazis organised a night of terror against Jews in Germany.

Windows of homes, businesses and synagogues were broken.

Kurt Salomon Maier was 8 years old, living with his Jewish family in Kippenheim, Germany.

He survived what became known as Kristallnacht or ‘the night of broken glass' and escaped to the United States.

94-year-old Kurt Salomon Maier speaks to James Jackson. This is a Whistledown production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: Businesses and properties owned by Jews were the target of vicious Nazi mobs during a night of vandalism. Credit: Bettmann/CORBIS/Bettmann Archive)

In 1938, the Nazis launched a violent anti-Jewish attack, known as Kristallnacht

In November 1938, the Nazis launched an attack, breaking the windows of Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues. It's often called Kristallnacht or ‘the night of broken glass'.

The Nuclear Mango Deal

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On 2 March 2006, the United States and India finalised a controversial nuclear deal, ending India's three decades of international isolation over its nuclear policy.

Sweetening the deal, President George W Bush and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh announced cooperative agreements not just on nuclear power but also on the import of Indian mangoes.

Surya Elango speaks to Ronen Sen, the former Indian ambassador to the US.

(Photo: President George W Bush and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on 2 March 2006. Credit: Jim Young via Reuters)

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

On 2 March 2006, India and the United States finalised a controversial nuclear deal

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Only Pope To Visit New Zealand

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In November 1986, Pope John Paul II visited New Zealand as part of his longest ever world tour.

He gave an open air mass at Auckland Domain in front of thousands of people.

He remains the only Pope to have visited the country.

Jen Dale speaks to Michael Jarka who was in the crowd and performed as part of a Polish cultural dance group for the pontiff.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Pope John Paul II kisses the ground upon his arrival in Auckland airport. Credit: Jean-Claude Delmas/AFP via Getty Images )

In November 1986, Pope John Paul II visited New Zealand as part of a six nations tour

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In November 1986, Pope John Paul II gave an open air mass in Auckland Domain in New Zealand as part of a six nations tour.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Opening Of The Medellin Metro

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When the Medellin Metro opened in 1995, the Colombian city had recently been called the “murder capital of the world ? due to the high homicide rate caused by Pablo Escobar's drug wars.

The network has grown to include a large cable car network which stretches to the neighbourhoods built into the sides of mountains that surround Medellin.

It has helped transform the city into a tourist hot-spot – something unimaginable 30 years ago.

Tim O'Callaghan has been speaking to Tomas Andreas Elejalde, who is the general manager of the Metro.

(Photo: The metro cable above the city of Medellin. Credit: RAUL ARBOLEDA/AFP via Getty Images)

How a train system helped transform the murder capital of the world in 2015

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The opening of the Medellin Metro in 1995 came at a time when the city in Colombia was one of the most dangerous places in the world.

How a train system helped to transform the murder capital of the world

[LISTEN NOW]

The Origin Of World Book Day

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In November 1995, a proposal of having an annual day focused on celebrating books was put forward at the UNESCO conference in Paris.

The idea came from a long-established Spanish celebration ‘The Day of Books and Roses'.

The first World Book Day was on 23 April 1996.

Although some countries now celebrate World Book Day on different dates, it's marked on 23 April in the majority of countries.

Pere Vicens is a book publisher from Barcelona in Spain and one of the creators of World Book Day. He tells Gill Kearsley the origins of this now annual event.

(Photo: World Book Day in Spain. Credit: John MIlner/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)

23 April 1996, saw the first World Book Day. It originated from a Spanish tradition

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The first World Book Day was in 1996. The idea came from a long-established Spanish celebration ‘The Day of Books and Roses'.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Pakistan Mountain Massacre

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In 2013, 11 people were shot dead in base camp of the Nanga Parbat mountain in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan.

The gunmen were associated with the Pakistani Taliban and the group were set up to target foreigners.

It was the worst attack on tourists in Pakistan in a decade.

Polish mountaineer Aleksandra Dzik, aged 30, was there that night, at camp two, and speaks to Megan Jones.

(Photo: Nanga Parbat base camp. Credit: Aleksandra Dzik)

In 2013, 11 people were killed by members of a militant group at Nanga Parbat base camp

In 2013, members of a militant group killed 11 people at the base camp of the Nanga Parbat mountain in Pakistan.

30-year-old Polish climber Aleksandra Dzik was on the mountain that night, at camp two, and speaks to Megan Jones.

Members of a militant group killed 11 people at the base camp of the Nanga Parbat mountain in Pakistan in 2013.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Pakistani Teens Who Became Disco Superstars

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In the 1980s, a brother and sister from Pakistan topped the charts in countries all over the world with their dancefloor filler, Disco Deewane.

Nazia and Zoheb Hassan were the first teenagers ever to make a hit record in India.

Zoheb tells Vicky Farncombe about their rise to fame.

(Photo: Nazia and Zoheb Hassan. Credit: BBC)

How Nazia and Zoheb Hassan changed South-East Asian pop with their album, Disco Deewane

Brother and sister singing duo, Nazia and Zoheb Hassan, broke records with their debut album, Disco Deewane.

The Paris Climate Agreement

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On 12 December 2015, nearly 200 countries adopted the Paris climate agreement. It legally committed countries to climate action plans, designed to stop global temperatures rising 2C above pre-industrial levels. Those commitments have influenced government policy and people's lives ever since.

Christiana Figueres was head of climate negotiations at the conference. She speaks to Ben Henderson about the drama behind the scenes, including bomb threats and a last-minute change that nearly derailed the entire agreement.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Christiana Figueres celebrates after the adoption of the Paris Climate Agreement. Credit: Francois Guillot/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2015, nearly 200 countries adopted the Paris climate agreement

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 12 December 2015, nearly 200 countries adopted the Paris climate agreement. It legally committed countries to tackle climate change.

On 12 December 2015, 193 countries and the European Union adopted the Paris climate agreement. It legally committed countries to climate action plans, designed to stop global temperatures rising 2C above pre-industrial levels. Those commitments have influenced government policy and people's lives ever since.

In 2015, 193 countries and the European Union adopted the Paris climate agreement

On 12 December 2015, 193 countries and the European Union adopted the Paris climate agreement. It legally committed countries to tackle climate change.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Paris Heatwave

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In August 2003 Europe was hit by the hottest heatwave for hundreds of years. Tens of thousands of people died.

Not built to withstand two weeks of extreme heat, Paris turned into a death trap for its most vulnerable citizens.

The temperature reached 40C. Many elderly people died in their apartments alone.

The government was criticised for its handling of the crisis. The head of the national health authority resigned shortly after the end of the heatwave.

Emergency doctor, Patrick Pelloux, who was working at St Antoine Hospital in Paris, tells George Crafer what he encountered.

(Photo: Paris looking hot. Credit: Getty Images)

In 2003, Paris was overwhelmed by the hottest European heatwave for 500 years

Thousands died in the first two weeks of August 2003 during a devastating European heatwave. There were so many dead in Paris that the mortuaries there were overwhelmed.

The Photo Which Symbolised Argentina's Resistance

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Adriana Lestido, an Argentinian newspaper photographer captured a mother and her young daughter raising their arms in protest in 1982.

With clenched fists and anguished faces, they were wearing white handkerchiefs tied around their heads representing the struggle for justice for the disappeared during Argentina's military dictatorship.

The photo became a symbol of the resistance and is still used today. It embodies the spirit of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo who would meet once a week demanding the return of their loved ones.

Adriana Lestido speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about capturing that iconic black and white picture.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Adriana Lestido's Madre y Hija from 1982. Credit: Adriana Lestido)

Adriana Lestido captured a mother and her daughter raising their arms in protest in 1982

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Argentinian newspaper photographer Adriana Lestido captured a mother and her young daughter raising their arms in protest in 1982. It became a symbol of the resistance.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Pioneering Eye Surgery That Led To Lasik

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In 1963, Dr Jose Ignacio Barraquer Moner performed the first surgery on a human eye aimed at correcting short-sightedness.

The ophthalmologist had been developing his technique for years, believing that there was a better solution for blurry vision than wearing glasses.

But he had to move from Spain to Colombia to begin his experimental surgery which involved dry ice, a watchmaker's lathe and rabbits. The idea was to change the shape of the cornea – the front layer of the eye - to focus vision.

First, he sliced off the patient's cornea then dunked it in liquid nitrogen, before using a miniature lathe to carve the frozen cornea into the right shape. Next, he thawed the disc and sewed it back on.

Jose's initial surgery was performed on rabbits, but in 1963 he carried out the first procedure on a human patient, a 9 year old girl. It was a success, and soon doctors from around the world were flocking to Colombia to find out more.

Barraquer called this procedure keratomileusis, from the Greek words for “carving ? and “cornea. ? The technique was the forerunner of Lasik eye surgery when the lathe was replaced with lasers.

Jose's daughter, Carmen Barraquer Coll followed her father into ophthalmology and tells Jane Wilkinson, how he inspired her.

(Photo: Lasik eye surgery in 2009. Credit: BSIP/UIG Via Getty Images)

In 1963, Dr Jose Barraquer Moner performed the first eye surgery to fix short-sightedness

In 1963, Dr Jose Ignacio Barraquer Moner performed the first surgery on a human eye aimed at correcting short-sightedness. His technique was the forerunner of Lasik eye surgery.

The Playboy Spy Who Inspired James Bond

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During the 1940s, a playboy spy became one of wartime's most successful double agents, as well as the reported inspiration behind James Bond.

A gambler and womanizer who spoke several languages, Dusko Popov was approached by a friend working for the Abwehr, Germany's military intelligence.

But Dusko was vehemently anti-Nazi. He went straight to the British and volunteered his services, adopting the codename 'Agent Tricycle'. Intelligence officers then created realistic - but false - information for Dusko to pass back to his Nazi spymaster.

And it was during this time, that Dusko's path crossed with a British naval intelligence officer called Ian Fleming, later the creator of James Bond.

Jane Wilkinson has been through the BBC archives to find out more.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Dusko Popov. Credit: AFP via Getty Images)

Dusko Popov was one of WW2's most successful double agents, inspiring the fictional 007

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Dusko Popov became one of WW2's most successful double agents, and the reported inspiration behind James Bond. While recruited by the Nazis, he secretly worked for the Allies.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Purple Heart Battalion

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During World War Two, a Japanese American battalion became one of the most decorated army units in US military history.

The 442nd Regimental Combat Unit earned more than 4,000 Purple Hearts and seven Presidential Unit Citations for extraordinary heroism in battle.

The unit was set up in 1943, just over a year after Japan bombed the US naval base at Pearl Harbour. Following the attack, 120,000 Japanese Americans living on the west coast were sent to internment camps, but many were keen to show their loyalty to the US.

They volunteered to join the 442nd RCT and fight in Europe. Hundreds of recruits came from the camps, while thousands of others were from the Japanese American community in Hawaii.

Among them was 19-year-old Matsuichi Kusatsu. Matsuichi's son Clyde tells Jane Wilkinson about how the unit fought racism and prejudice to prove their loyalty. Clyde, an actor, stars in the BBC World Service drama, Purple Heart Warriors, available to listen wherever you get your podcasts.

(Photo: Matsuichi Kusatsu in 1944. Credit: family photo)

In WW2, a Japanese American troop was one of the most decorated army units in US history

In WW2, a Japanese American battalion became one of the most decorated army units in US military history. The 442nd Regimental Combat Team earned more than 4,000 Purple Hearts.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Purple Heart Warriors

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During World War Two, a Japanese American battalion became one of the most decorated army units in US military history.

The 442nd Regimental Combat Unit earned more than 4,000 Purple Hearts and seven Presidential Unit Citations for extraordinary heroism in battle.

The unit was set up in 1943, just over a year after Japan bombed the US naval base at Pearl Harbor. Following the attack, 120,000 Japanese Americans living on the west coast were sent to internment camps, but many were keen to show their loyalty to the US.

They volunteered to join the 442nd RCT and fight in Europe. Hundreds of recruits came from the camps, while thousands of others were from the Japanese American community in Hawaii.

Among them was 19-year-old Matsuichi Kusatsu. His son Clyde tells Jane Wilkinson about how the unit fought prejudice to prove their loyalty, and a warning, this story includes racist language of the time.

Actor Clyde stars in the BBC World Service drama Purple Heart Warriors. To hear this six-part season search for Dramas, wherever you get your BBC podcasts.

(Photo: Matsuichi Kusatsu in 1944. Credit: Family photo)

In WW2, a Japanese American troop was one of the most decorated army units in US history

In WW2, a Japanese American battalion became one of the most decorated army units in US military history. The 442nd Regimental Combat Team earned more than 4,000 Purple Hearts.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Reichstag Fire

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On 27 February 1933, the Reichstag building in Berlin, which was home to the German Parliament, was burned down.

This was a key event in the establishment of the Nazi dictatorship.

Berlin-born journalist, Sefton Delmer, told his story to the BBC World Service in 1967.

He grew up in the city so knew people involved with the Nazi party. This meant he was able to get close to the main people on the night.

Delmer walked around the burning building with Hitler and Goring. He recalls their conversations and describes the scene in this fascinating account.

Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley.

(Photo: The Reichstag fire in 1933. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

In February 1933, the home to the German Parliament in Berlin was burned down

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Reichstag building in Berlin, which was home to the German Parliament, was burned down in February 1933. This was a key event in the establishment of the Nazi dictatorship.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Release Of Doom

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In December 1993, the release of a new video game captivated gamers around the world. It was called DOOM.

Set on a Martian military base overrun by zombified soldiers and demons, DOOM saw players take control of a nameless soldier called ‘The DOOM guy' as he fights the demonic enemies to stop them taking over Earth.

The game was released at a time when violence in video games was big news and a topic of discussion in the United States Senate.

Kurt Brookes speaks to John Romero, one of the game's developers, and remembers the release of what went on to become one of the most influential games ever.

A Made in Manchester production for BBC World Service.

(Photo: John Romero. Credit: Made in Manchester)

In 1993, a controversial sci-fi video game called DOOM was released

In December 1993, a controversial new video game, known for its quick game play, rock soundtrack and gore, was released.

The Remote Island That Was Evacuated 10,000km Away

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On 10 October 1961, a volcanic eruption threatened the population of Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic, and all 264 islanders were evacuated to the UK.

Two years later, the majority voted to return.

In an interview she gave to the BBC in 1961, Mary Swain describes what it was like to survive the preceding earthquake and landside and be relocated to the other side of the world.

This programme was produced and presented by Rachel Naylor, in collaboration with BBC Archives.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Evacuees from Tristan on board a Dutch liner bound for Cape Town on 21 October 1961. Credit: Central Press / Getty Images)

On 10 October 1961, the population of Tristan da Cunha was evacuated to the UK

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 10 October 1961, the population of Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic, was evacuated to the UK, due to the threat of a volcanic eruption

[LISTEN NOW]

The Remote Island That Was Evacuated To 10,000km Away

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On 10 October 1961, a volcanic eruption threatened the population of Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic, and all 264 islanders were evacuated to the UK.

Two years later, the majority voted to return.

In an interview she gave to the BBC in 1961, Mary Swain describes what it was like to survive the preceding earthquake and landside and be relocated to the other side of the world.

Produced and presented by Rachel Naylor, in collaboration with BBC Archives.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Evacuees from Tristan on board a Dutch liner bound for Cape Town on 21 October 1961. Credit: Central Press / Getty Images)

On 10 October 1961, the population of Tristan da Cunha was evacuated to the UK

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 10 October 1961, the population of Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic, was evacuated to the UK, due to the threat of a volcanic eruption

[LISTEN NOW]

The Reunification Of Germany

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When the Berlin Wall fell on 9 November 1989, it marked a turning point in the Cold War in Europe and set in motion the process that led to the reunification of East and West Germany.

But before that could happen, Chancellor Helmut Kohl, had to address fears about the return of a powerful Germany and convince the four allied powers of France, Russia, the US and the UK - which had occupied Germany following the second world war - to agree to both countries reuniting.

After some careful diplomacy and the intervention of the US President, the new Federal Republic of Germany was formed on 3 October 1990, ending 40 years of division.

Joachim Bitterlich, a key advisor to Chancellor Kohl, speaks to Jacqueline Paine.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Celebrating German unification, Berlin. Credit: Owen Franken/Corbis via Getty Images)

The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 paved the way for East and West Germany to reunite

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

When the Berlin Wall unexpectedly fell on 9 November 1989 it paved the way for East and West Germany to reunite as one country in less than a year.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Rise And Fall Of Blackberry

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In the early 2000s, BlackBerry was the phone that ruled the world. But within a decade, it collapsed, overtaken by the touch screen revolution.

Sam Gruet speaks to former co-CEO Jim Balsillie about BlackBerry's meteoric rise, its battle against Apple, and the moment he knew it was all over.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: BlackBerry phone in 2002. Credit: Rob Homer/Fairfax Media via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Rocket That Revived Brazil's Space Programme

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In 2003, 21 people died when a space rocket exploded at Brazil's Alcantara Launch Centre, three days before its planned flight.

It was the country's third – and most serious - rocket failure in six years.

But despite the setback, just 14 months later, Brazil revived its space ambitions by successfully launching its first rocket since the tragedy.

Jacqueline Paine spoke to engineer Felix Palmerio, who spent decades working on a special project to develop a space rocket in Brazil, and who watched the launch.

(Photo: Launch of a VSB-30 rocket. Credit: DLR)

On 23 October 2004, Brazil launched its first rocket following a devastating accident

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 23 October 2004, Brazil launched its first rocket, following an explosion which killed 21 people. Just fourteen months after the tragedy the space programme was back on track.

(Photo: Launch of VSB-30 rocket from Andoya Space Center, Norway in June 2022. Credit: DLR)

[LISTEN NOW]

The Rose Revolution In Georgia

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In November 2003, the people of Georgia ousted veteran president Eduard Shevardnadze.

Protestors stormed the parliament building in the capital Tbilisi, holding flowers in their hands.

It would become known as the Rose Revolution.

In 2011, Nino Zuriashvili, who was one of the protestors, spoke to Damien McGuinness.

(Photo: A Georgian woman holding flowers smiles as special forces leave without fighting. Credit: Sergey Supinski/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2003, demonstrators stormed the parliament building in Tbilisi, holding flowers

In 2003, the President of Georgia, Eduard Shevardnadze, was overthrown when demonstrators burst into the parliament building, holding flowers in their hands.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Russian Revolutionaries Nearly Stranded In London

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In 1907, the men who would go on to lead the Russian Revolution met in London for a crucial congress.

But the revolutionaries – including Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, and Leon Trotsky – were nearly stranded after running out of funds.

The late British journalist Henry Brailsford played a key role in securing their fare home.

In 1947, he told the BBC how the meeting marked a point of no return for the party's two warring factions – the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks – and ultimately led to the creation of the communist party.

Produced and presented by Vicky Farncombe.

(Photo: A group of revolutionaries including Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin (centre) and Menshevik leader Julius Martov (on his right). Credit: Getty Images)

In 1907, a crucial congress in London set the direction of the Russian revolution.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Santa Cruz Massacre

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On 12 November 1991, Indonesian troops opened fire on independence activists in East Timor's capital, Dili.

During a protest march to the Santa Cruz cemetery after a memorial service for an independence supporter, Indonesian troops opened fire, killing 271 people.

In 2015, Marco Silva spoke to British cameraman Max Stahl who filmed the attack on unarmed demonstrators.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The Santa Cruz cemetery. Credit: Giulio Paletta/UCG/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

In 1991, Indonesian troops opened fire on independence activists in East Timor's capital

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 12 November 1991, during a protest following a memorial service for an independence supporter, Indonesian troops opened fire on activists in East Timor's capital, Dili.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Schengen Agreement

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On 14 June 1985, five politicians met on a boat in the town of Schengen, in Luxembourg, to sign an agreement to get rid of border checks between their countries: Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France and West Germany.

The Schengen Area now encompasses more than 450 million people and 29 countries in Europe.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Robert Goebbels, who was Luxembourg's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and one of the original five signatories.

(Photo: Catherine Lalumière from France signs the Schengen Agreement, with Robert Goebbels next to her, on the left. Credit: Marcel Mochet / AFP via Getty Images)

In 1985, five European politicians agreed to scrap border checks between their countries

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 14 June 1985, five European politicians met on a boat in the town of Schengen, in Luxembourg, to sign an agreement to get rid of border checks between their countries.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Scream: A Stolen Masterpiece

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When Edvard Munch's painting The Scream was stolen in 1994, an undercover operation was launched to get it back.

30 years on from its recovery, hear from the art detective at the centre of the story.

In 2013, Charley Hill told Lucy Burns how his task saw him take on a fake identity, rub shoulders with criminals and encounter the Thai kickboxing champion of Scandinavia.

(Photo: The Scream on display in Oslo in 2008, after being stolen for a second time. Credit: -/SCANPIX NORWAY/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1994, an undercover operation was launched to recover the Scream painting

In 1994, an art detective went undercover to retrieve a stolen masterpiece. The Scream by Edvard Munch was taken from a museum in Oslo, Norway.

The Secretary Who Made Millions From Her Typos

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In the 1950s, secretary Bette Graham from Texas was struggling to cope with her new electric typewriter.

“My fingers would hang heavy on the sensitive keyboard and the first thing I'd know, I'd have a mistake with a deposit of carbon which I simply couldn't erase, ? she said.

A budding artist, she wondered if there was a way she could paint over her typos.

At home, in her kitchen, the single mum cooked up the first correcting fluid. It was a hit with other secretaries and, by 1973, Bette had turned her creation into a multi-million dollar business.

Bette died in 1980 so Vicky Farncombe tells her story using archive from University of North Texas Special Collections.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In the 1950s, secretary Bette Graham invented correction fluid to cover up her errors

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In the 1950s, secretary and budding artist Bette Graham invented correction fluid to cover up her typing mistakes.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Shah Of Iran's Party

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In 1971, the Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, celebrated 2,500 years of the Persian Empire by throwing a huge three-day party.

Trees were planted, birds imported, and a runway built in the middle of the desert with royalty from across the world attending.

But the event united opposition parties against the Shah and lost him public credibility.

Author and journalist Sally Quinn was “party reporter ? for the Washington Post and covered the event.

She speaks to Megan Jones.

In 1971, the Shah of Iran, celebrated 2,500 years of the Persian Empire

The Shah of Iran threw a huge three-day party in 1971 to celebrate 2,500 years of the Persian Empire with royalty from across the world attending.

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The Shooting Of Jean Charles De Menezes

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On 22 July 2005, an unarmed Brazilian man was shot dead by anti-terrorism police at Stockwell Tube station, in London.

Jean Charles de Menezes was shot seven times in the head because he was mistaken for a terror suspect.

The killing made headlines all over the world and his family demanded justice.

Matt Pintus spoke to Jean Charles' cousin and best friend, Patricia da Silva, in 2022.

(Photo: A memorial for Jean Charles de Menezes outside Stockwell Tube station. Credit: Oli Scarff / Getty Images)

On 22 July 2005, an unarmed Brazilian man was shot dead by police in London

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 22 July 2005, an unarmed Brazilian man was shot dead by anti-terrorism police in London.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Siege Of Yarmouk

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During the early years of Syria's brutal civil war, one neighbourhood close to the Syrian capital, Damascus, bore the brunt of the government's viciousness.

During 2013-14, some 18,000 residents of Yarmouk, an area originally set up as a camp for Palestinian refugees, were continually subjected to bombardments from the air, or were shot at by army snipers or hit by mortar-fire. No one was allowed in or out of Yarmouk and many people came close to starvation – surviving only by eating grass, or dead animals.

Palestinian musician, Aeham Ahmad, lived in Yarmouk with his family. Known as ‘the Pianist of Yarmouk,' Aeham tells Mike Lanchin about their struggle to survive the siege, and how music helped him overcome some of those dark days.

Listeners may find parts of this story distressing.

A CTVC production.

The Signing Of The Treaty Of Versailles

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On 28 June 1919, in the Palace of Versailles in Paris the signing of the Treaty of Versailles took place.

It was a peace agreement that marked the end of World War One.

The terms of the treaty punished Germany for their involvement in starting the war.

British journalist, William Norman Ewer attended the signing. He told his story to the BBC World Service in 1967.

He recalls the moment of the signing and the treatment of the German delegates in this fascinating account.

Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley.

(Photo: Treaty of Versailles is signed by Prime Minister Clemenceau. Credit: Photo12/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

The signing of a peace agreement that marked the end of World War One took place in 1919

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

On 28 June 1919, the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, a peace agreement that marked the end of World War One took place.

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The Situation Room Photograph

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Pete Souza was Chief Official White House Photographer during Barack Obama's presidency. His photo from when Bin Laden was killed by US soldiers in 2011 has become one of his most famous.

He tells Uma Doraiswamy what that day was like leading up to the moment when he took the photo.

(Photo: President Barack Obama, Vice President Joe Biden, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and members of the national security team receive an update on the mission against Osama bin Laden. Credit: Getty Images / Pete Souza, White House)

The story behind the Situation Room photograph during the raid to kill Bin Laden in 2011

Pete Souza was Chief Official White House Photographer during Barack Obama's presidency. His photo from when Bin Laden was killed by US soldiers has become one of his most famous.

The Small Irish Town Known As 'little Brazil'

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Gort in the west of Ireland is known by the nickname ‘Little Brazil' because it's home to so many Brazilians.

They first came to Ireland in the late 1990s to work in the town's meat factory.

Luciemeire Trinidade was just 24 years old when she and three friends arrived in the town, unable to speak a word of English or Irish.

Nearly 25 years later, Luciemeire considers Gort her true home.

She tells Vicky Farncombe how being in Ireland changed her outlook on life.

“I learned that a woman can have their own life, especially going to the pub alone without their husbands! ?

How Gort in the west of Ireland became home to so many Brazilians

In the late 1990s, hundreds of out-of-work butchers left their homes in Brazil for a new life in Gort, a small town in the west of Ireland.

The Soviet Scientist Who Made Two-headed Dogs

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In the 1950s, Soviet scientist Vladimir Demikhov shocks the world with his two-headed dog experiments.

He grafts the head and paws of one dog onto the body of another. One of his creations lives for 29 days.

He wants to prove the possibilities of transplant surgery, which is a new field of medicine at the time.

Consultant cardiothoracic surgeon, Igor Konstantinov, tells Vicky Farncombe the 'difficult emotions' he experiences when he looks at photos of the creatures.

This programme includes a description of one of the experiments which some listeners may find upsetting.

(Photo: Vladimir Demikhov. Credit: Getty Images)

Soviet scientist Vladimir Demikhov shocked the world with his two-headed dog experiments

How Soviet scientist Vladimir Demikhov shocked the world with his two-headed dog experiments. He wanted to prove the possibilities of transplant surgery.

The Spanish King Reclaims His Throne

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In 1975, the death of General Francisco Franco was announced in Spain, bringing to an end 36 years of dictatorship.

Franco had already chosen his successor: Prince Juan Carlos, grandson of the last monarch, Alphonso XIII. This was the man who - Franco thought - would continue his authoritarian, anti-democratic and deeply conservative regime.

But Juan Carlos defied expectations. In the years that followed, he would lead Spain from a dictatorship to a democracy until, in 1977, the country held its first free elections for 41 years.

Jane Wilkinson tells the story using excerpts from the 1981 BBC and TVE documentary, Juan Carlos: King of Spain. This episode was made in collaboration with BBC Archives.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In 1975 Juan Carlos reclaimed the Spanish throne after 36 years of Franco's dictatorship

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1975 Juan Carlos reclaimed the Spanish throne after 36 years of Franco's dictatorship. Instead of continuing the authoritarian regime, the new king guided Spain to democracy.

(Photo: King Juan Carlos on his proclamation day as king. Credit: Jacques Pavlovsky/Sygma via Getty Images)

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The Spanish King Reclaims His Throne

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In 1975, the death of General Francisco Franco was announced in Spain, bringing to an end 36 years of dictatorship.

But Juan Carlos defied expectations. In the years that followed, he would lead Spain from a dictatorship to a democracy until, in 1977, the country held its first free elections for 41 years.

Jane Wilkinson tells the story using excerpts from the 1981 BBC and TVE documentary, Juan Carlos: King of Spain. This episode was made in collaboration with BBC Archives.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: King Juan Carlos on his proclamation day as king. Credit: Jacques Pavlovsky/Sygma via Getty Images)

In 1975 Juan Carlos reclaimed the Spanish throne after 36 years of Franco's dictatorship

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1975 Juan Carlos reclaimed the Spanish throne after 36 years of Franco's dictatorship. Instead of continuing the authoritarian regime, the new king guided Spain to democracy.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Speech That Inspired The Law Of The Sea

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In November 1967, the Maltese diplomat, Arvid Pardo, addressed the United Nations with a remarkable speech that shaped the laws governing the sea.

Pardo's message is immortalised in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which was adopted in 1982, and is now the fundamental legislation governing difficult topics such as deep sea mining.

Artemis Irvine spoke to Christina Pardo Menez, Arvid Pardo's daughter, and his friend David Attard.

This is a Whistledown production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: Arvid Pardo. Credit: Elisabeth Mann Borgese fonds, Dalhousie University Archives)

In November 1967, the Maltese diplomat, Arvid Pardo, gave a historic speech at the UN

[LISTEN NOW]

The Start Of Scouting

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In the early 1900s, while serving in the British Army, Lord Robert Baden-Powell laid the foundations for what would become one of the largest international youth movements, Scouting.

His vision was to create an organisation that would build friendships, experiences, and skills for life.

Gill Kearsley used archive to trace the origins of the movement through Baden-Powell's own words.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Start Of Voice Of America

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In March 2025, radio frequencies worldwide stopped carrying Voice of America broadcasts for the first time in 83 years.

President Donald Trump's administration had imposed funding cuts on the US Agency for Global Media with the White House accusing the broadcaster of being 'anti-Trump', 'radical' and 'leftist ?. While the cuts are being disputed in courts, Josephine McDermott traces the beginnings of the overseas broadcaster which was designed to counter Nazi propaganda.

In the first Voice of America broadcast in February 1942 it promised, “The news may be good or bad; we shall tell you the truth ?. We hear the testimony of Eugene Kern who walked in one day in 1942 to casually ask about a job, and was put to work straight away producing a Finnish programme – unable to speak a word of the language. He says, “It was a wild place. Every week a new language service began ?.

By the end of World War Two, Voice of America was broadcasting more than 3,000 programmes in 40 languages every week. This Witness History is produced using the archives of the US Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, and the US National Archives and Records Administration.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal ; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Gene Kern broadcasting in about 1960. Credit: Jonathan Kern)

The broadcaster Voice of America was created in 1942 to counter Nazi propaganda

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The story of the start of Voice of America - its language services, features and historic news bulletins - using testimony from journalist Eugene Kern who joined in 1942.

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The Storming Of India's Golden Temple

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It's 40 years since Indian army forces stormed Sikhism's sacred Golden Temple after it was barricaded by Sikh militants.

It was a major moment in the history of religious violence in India.

In 2010, the BBC's Mark Tully told Claire Bowes what he witnessed – and what he was forbidden from witnessing – of the siege.

(Photo: Sikh militants douse flames and throw a tear gas canister back at Indian police. Credit: AFP/Getty)

In 1984, one of India's holiest temples came under siege

In June 1984, army forces attacked Sikhism's most sacred place, the Golden Temple in India.

The Storming Of Spain's Parliament

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In February 1981, armed Civil Guards tried to take control of the Spanish parliament.

A total of 350 politicians were held hostage for 18 hours in the debating chamber including Joaquin Almunia, a young Socialist MP.

In 2021, he spoke to Claire Bowes.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Picture: Colonel Antonio Tejero attempts to take over the Spanish parliament with the Guardia Civil. Credit: Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Spanish MPs were taken hostage by armed Civil Guards in February 1981

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In February 1981, armed Civil Guards took MPs hostage in Spain's parliamentary chamber in Madrid during a coup attempt.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Story Behind The Movie 'society Of The Snow'

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When a plane carrying a team of young rugby players crashed into the Andes mountains in 1972, search teams soon gave up hope.

But two months later, 16 passengers of Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 emerged alive.

The events became known as ‘The Miracle of the Andes' and have previously been told in documentaries and a Hollywood film. The current Spanish-language film Society of the Snow is tipped for Oscar success.

One horrifying detail continues to fascinate audiences - the starving men were only able to stay alive by eating the bodies of those who died.

In 2009, Nando Parrado told Louise Hidalgo about the extraordinary lengths the men went to, to survive.

(Photo: Survivors greet a rescue helicopter from the plane wreck. Credit: Sipa/Shutterstock)

One man's remarkable story of survival in the Andes mountains

How 16 young men survived a plane crash and two months in the freezing Andes by eating the remains of their dead friends.

The Story Behind The Peter Principle Book

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In 1969 a satirical book, The Peter Principle, suggested promotion led to incompetence.

It was written by a Canadian Professor of Education, Dr Laurence J. Peter and playwright Raymond Hull.

The book was a parody of management theory, but its core message struck a chord with many: “In a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to his level of incompetence'.

It became an instant classic, selling millions of copies around the world.

In 2021, Alex Last told the story of how Dr Peter came up with his theory using an archive interview he gave to the BBC in1974.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Dr Laurence J Peter. Credit: AI Dunlop/Toronto Starvia Getty Images)

In 1969, a satirical book was published suggesting promotion led to incompetence

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1969 a satirical management book, The Peter Principle, suggested promotion led to incompetence. It was written by a Canadian Professor of Education, Dr Laurence J. Peter.

[LISTEN NOW]

'the Streets Of Harare Were Littered With Money'

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In November 2008, Johns Hopkins University calculated Zimbabwe's year-on-year inflation rate as 89,700,000,000,000,000,000,000% – one of the worst cases of hyperinflation in history.

Professor Gift Mugano was a government economist at the time.

He tells Vicky Farncombe what it was like to live through those times when wages were worthless and there was no food to buy in the shops.

“It was a very painful period. It is a year which one would not want to remember, ? he said.

(Photo: Harare shoppers in an almost empty supermaket. Credit: Desmond Kwande/AFP via Getty Images)

Professor Gift Mugano describes when Zimbabwe's inflation hit 89.7 sextillion per cent

Professor Gift Mugano was an economist in Zimbabwe when the annual inflation rate was 89.7 sextillion per cent.

The Strike That Shook Up India's Tea Industry

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In September 2015, thousands of women tea pickers went on strike at one of India's biggest tea producers.

They had picked more tea than ever that year but were furious that wages remained low and managers were proposing to cut their bonus.

Their action was unprecedented, with the low-caste women protesting in the streets for nine days, against both the multinational company employing them and their union.

Their sit-in ended only after the government intervened and the women's demands were met.

Jacqueline Paine speaks to Rajeshwary, one of the leaders of the group that organised the direct action.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In 2015, thousands of women tea pickers spent nine days protesting about low wages

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

An unprecedented strike by women plantation workers in southern India in 2015 highlighted their low wages and poor conditions. It only ended after the government intervened.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Sunflower Movement

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Between 18 March and 10 April 2014, more than 500,000 people in Taipei, Taiwan, protested against a new trade deal with China.

It was one of the largest social movements in Taiwanese history.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Brian Hioe, one of the demonstrators, who stormed Parliament and occupied it for 23 days.

(Photo: Protesters at the rally in Taipei on 30 March 2014. Credit: Lam Yik Fei / Getty Images)

In 2014, more than 500,000 Taiwanese people protested against a new trade deal with China

(Photo: Protesters at the rally in Taipei on 30 March 2014. Credit: Lam Yik Fei via Getty Images)

[LISTEN NOW]

The Suspicious Death Of Rear Admiral \u0110urovi\u0107

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As Yugoslavia began to break down, the Balkans conflict began - a series of brutal wars characterised by disputes over territory, identity, and ethnic divisions.

In 1991, the Croatian War of Independence started – the first of the major wars. One of its defining moments came in October, when the Yugoslav People's Army advanced on the south of the country leading to the Siege of Dubrovnik.

One of the Yugoslav People's Army commanders in the region was Rear Admiral Krsto Ā?urović, a Montenegrin who had spent his life working in Croatia, married a Croatian and planned to retire to the country.

Attacking Dubrovnik was unthinkable for the Rear Admiral, and he promised the city's major: “As long as I am the commander, not a single shell will fall on Dubrovnik.

Shortly afterwards he was killed in a suspicious helicopter crash – his superiors claimed he was shot down, but there were no opposition forces in the area, and Croatian officials denied any part in the crash.

There was never an autopsy and no military investigation. Soon after, Miodrag Jokic was appointed Ā?urović's replacement, and a vicious bombing campaign began which would later see Jokic convicted of war crimes.

Johnny I'Anson speaks to Montenegrin journalist Veseljko Koprivica, and documentary maker Mladen Ivanovic who say Rear Admiral Ā?urović's refusal to bomb Dubrovnik may have led to his untimely death.

(Photo: Rear Admiral Ā?urović. Credit: Ā?urović family)

In 1991, a Yugoslav People's Army commander died in mysterious circumstances

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1991, a Yugoslav People's Army commander died in mysterious circumstances during the Croatian War of Independence.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Suspicious Death Of Rear Admiral Durovi\u0107

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As Yugoslavia began to break down, the Balkans conflict began - a series of brutal wars characterised by disputes over territory, identity, and ethnic divisions.

One of the Yugoslav People's Army commanders in the region was Rear Admiral Krsto Durović, a Montenegrin who had spent his life working in Croatia, married a Croatian and planned to retire to the country.

Attacking Dubrovnik was unthinkable for the Rear Admiral, and he promised the city's major: “As long as I am the commander, not a single shell will fall on Dubrovnik.

There was never an autopsy and no military investigation. Soon after, Miodrag Jokic was appointed Durović's replacement, and a vicious bombing campaign began which would later see Jokic convicted of war crimes.

(Photo: Rear Admiral Durović. Credit: Durović family)

In 1991, a Yugoslav People's Army commander died in mysterious circumstances

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1991, a Yugoslav People's Army commander died in mysterious circumstances during the Croatian War of Independence.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Tabasco Floods

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In 2007, the Mexican state of Tabasco experienced its worst flooding in 50 years, with more than a million people being affected.

Eighty per cent of the region was under water, with people having to be rescued from the roofs of their homes by boat.

The flooding occurred after heavy rain caused rivers in the state to break their banks.

Marco Franco worked as an emergency coordinator for the Red Cross during the floods. He speaks to Tim O'Callaghan about his memories of that time.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Residents are rescued from a flooded neighborhood in the state of Tabasco in 2007. Credit: Tomas Bravo/Reuters)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2007, the Mexican state of Tabasco flooded. Eighty per cent of the region was under water and more than a million people were affected.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Teen Quarrel That Led To Spain's Tomatina

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In 1945, a fight broke out between two groups of teenage boys during a parade in the Spanish town of Buñol in Valencia.

The boys ended up throwing tomatoes at each other. They decided to repeat the deed every year on the anniversary of the first fight, defying disapproving looks from older neighbours and even bans by the city council.

Eight decades later, their shenanigans have led to one of Spain's most popular and international festivals, as well as the largest tomato fight in the world: the Tomatina. Thousands of people, some of them from faraway countries, travel to the small town, to toss tomatoes to each other for an hour, and dive into a sea of tomato juice.

(Photo: People throw tomatoes at each other at the Tomatina. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1945, a spat between teenage boys was the seed for the world's largest tomato fight

In 1945, a spat between two groups of teenage boys in the Spanish town of Buñol was the seed for the world's largest tomato fight: the Tomatina.

The 'three Marias'

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In May 1974, people gathered in Lisbon, Portugal, to see whether three women would be sent to jail for writing a book.

Maria Teresa Horta, Maria Velho da Costa and Maria Isabel Barreno's ‘Novas Cartas Portuguesas' was banned after it was published and they were put on trial.

The case of the ‘Three Marias' became famous around the world. Laura Jones listens to an archive interview of Maria Teresa Horta, who is now 87.

Archive audio is courtesy of Tommaso Barsali and Riccardo Bargellini, at Valigie Rosse from 2018.

(Photo: Women in Los Angeles, USA protesting about the 'Three Marias' being on trial in Portugal. Credit: Los Angeles Times/Getty Images)

In 1974, a judge decided if three Portuguese women should be jailed for writing a book

Maria Teresa Horta, Maria Velho da Costa and Maria Isabel Barreno wrote ‘Novas Cartas Portuguesas' in 1972. It was banned after publication and they became globally famous.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Tragically Hip's Final Gig

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In 2015, rockstar and Canadian icon Gord Downie was given months to live, after doctors found he had a terminal brain tumour.

But instead of quietly exiting the stage, Gord and his band, the Tragically Hip, came up with a plan to play 15 shows across 10 of Canada's major cities.

Megan Lawton speaks to lead guitarist Rob Baker about the tour and the remarkable final gig that was watched by millions across the country.

(Photo: Gord and the Tragically Hip performing on their final tour. Credit: Andrew Chin/Getty Images)

In 2015 Canadian rockstar Gord Downie was given months to live, he went on one last tour

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

When Canadian rockstar, and lead singer of The Tragically Hip, Gord Downie was diagnosed with a terminal brain tumour in 2015, he decided to go on one final tour.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Trial Of Soviet Writers Daniel And Sinyavsky

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In 1965, two writers were accused of publishing anti-Soviet material abroad.

The arrest of Yuli Daniel and Andrei Sinyavsky was seen as symbolic of the new era in the Soviet Union.

The liberal leader Nikita Khrushchev had been ousted in favour of hardliner Leonid Brezhnev, and dissenting political views were being cracked down on.

In a moment considered the start of the dissident movement in the Soviet Union, hundreds of protesters demonstrated in Pushkin Square, in Moscow, for the writers to be given an open trial.

Vicky Farncombe tells the story using BBC archive and an interview with Yuli Daniel's son, Alexander.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Soviet authors Yuli Daniel (left) and Andrei Sinyavsky sit in prisoners' dock. Credit: Getty Images)

How the arrest of two writers sparked the Soviet dissident movement

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The trial of writers Yuli Daniel and Andrei Sinyavsky came to symbolise a new era in the Soviet Union.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Truth And Reconciliation Commission Of South Africa

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Following the abolishment of Apartheid in the 1990s, South Africa had to find a way to confront its brutal past without endangering the chance for peace.

But it was a challenging process for many survivors of atrocities committed by the former racist regime.

Sisi Khampepe served on the Amnesty Committee of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, she spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2018 about how she had to put aside her own emotions and experiences at the hands of the police, to expose the truth about Apartheid.

This programme contains contains harrowing testimony and graphic descriptions of human rights violations throughout.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu at the Reconciliation and Truth commission. Credit: Reuters)

When Apartheid was abolished, South Africans had to find a way to confront their past

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The 'turbot War'

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In 1995, an international row broke out between Canada and Spain over fishing quotas. It started with gunfire and ended with a deal.

The dispute began after Canada set up restrictions to protect fish stocks, including the turbot. A 320km (200 mile) controlled zone was placed around the country's north Atlantic coast. Fishermen also had to stick to quotas.

But, according to Canada, some boats from the European Union were catching far more turbot than had been agreed.

As a warning, the coastguard chased off one Spanish trawler, shooting machine gunfire over the bow and arresting the crew.

But Spanish officials were furious and denied any wrongdoing. The Turbot War had begun.

Brian Tobin was Canada's Minister for Fisheries and Oceans. He tells Jane Wilkinson about the part he played in the dispute.

(Picture: Brian Tobin and a turbot. Credit: Jon Levy/AFP via Getty Images)

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1995, an international row broke out between Canada and Spain over fishing quotas. The 'Turbot War' started with gunfire and ended with a deal.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Turtle Freed After 41 Years In Captivity

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In 1984, loggerhead sea turtle Jorge became trapped in fishing nets and was moved to an aquarium in Mendoza.

He was kept in captivity for more than 40 years until legal action and a campaign led to the closure of the aquarium and his release in 2025.

But, where is he now?

Megan Jones asks marine biologist Alejandro Saubidet, who was in charge of his rehabilitation.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Jorge. Credit: Andres Larrovere/via Getty)

In 1984, Jorge became trapped and was moved to an aquarium in Argentina

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1984, Jorge became trapped and was moved to an aquarium in Mendoza, in Argentina. He was kept in captivity for 41 years until a campaign led to his release in 2025.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Uk's First Black-owned Music Studio

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Sonny Roberts, a Jamaican carpenter, arrived in Britain in the 1950s. It was a time of racial disharmony, including the Notting Hill riots and the murder of Kelso Cochrane. In this tense atmosphere, black musicians struggled to make a name for themselves. Then in 1961, Roberts set up the UK's first black-owned music studio, Planetone, in a basement in Kilburn.

The studio gave the Caribbean community a musical platform. In later years, Roberts produced Nigerian band Nkengas' album, Destruction - one of the earliest examples of Afrobeat in the UK. His 1987 production of Judy Boucher's Can't Be with You Tonight reached number two in the UK Singles Chart, beaten only by Madonna.

Roberts laid the foundations for black British music. Ben Henderson speaks to his daughter, Cleon Roberts.

This programme contains outdated and offensive language.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Sonny Roberts in 1982. Credit: David Corio/Redferns via Getty Images)

In 1961, record producer Sonny Roberts changed the history of British music

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1961, record producer Sonny Roberts set up the UK's first black-owned music studio, Planetone, in a London basement.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Un Retreat From Somalia

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In 1991, a horrific civil war erupted between rival warlords in Somalia. A US-led United Nations mission tried to restore order and provide humanitarian aid. But, the mission ended in an embarrassing withdrawal in 1995 after US helicopters were shot down, as depicted in the film Black Hawk Down.

Halima Ismail Ibrahim risked her life to work for the UN mission. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: UN soldier in Mogadishu. Credit: Thielker/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

In 1995, a United Nations mission to restore peace in Somalia ended in disaster

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1991, civil war erupted in Somalia. A United Nations mission tried to restore order and provide humanitarian aid. But, in 1995 the mission ended in an embarrassing withdrawal.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Us Invasion Of Panama

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In December 1989, more than 20,000 US soldiers descended on the tiny Central American country of Panama.

The Americans sought to remove the country's leader, General Manuel Noriega, who sought refuge from the invading forces with the Papal Ambassador.

Noriega was a dictator and had been indicted in Florida over drug trafficking.

In 2010, Neal Razzell spoke to Enrique Jelenszky, who assisted communications between the US troops and Noriega.

(Photo: A US soldier raises the barbed wire barricade to stop demonstrators from marching towards the Vatican Embassy, where Noriega is seeking asylum/ Credit:REUTERS/Corinne Dufka)

In 1989, more than 20,000 US soldiers descended on the tiny Central American country.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

More than 20,000 US soldiers invaded Panama on the 20th of December 1989 to remove the country's dictator.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Visionary Behind The European Space Agency

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In October 2012, the founding father of the European Space Agency was honoured when a spacecraft named after him was sent to the international space station.

Within the probe – called the Edoardo Amaldi Automated Transfer Vehicle – was a letter which had been written by Edoardo in 1958 detailing his plans for an organisation which would bring together the continent's greatest minds in space science. It was in response to the brain drain Europe was facing in the years prior when its best scientists were flying off to work at NASA.

His grandson, Andrea Amaldi, talks to Natasha Fernandes about the moment his grandfather's letter was sent into space and the role he played in translating it on behalf of the visionary behind the European Space Agency.

(Photo: ESA's ATV-3, Edoardo Amaldi, blasts off on March 23, 2012 from the European space centre at Kourou, French Guiana. Credit: JODY AMIET/AFP via Getty Images)

In October 2012, a visionary letter about the European Space Agency was sent into space

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The War In The Woods

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In 1993, plans to log one of Canada's ancient rainforests sparked the country's largest act of civil disobedience.

Known as the war in the woods, for months, protesters blocked a remote logging road on Vancouver Island, leading to more than a thousand arrests.

Megan Lawton speaks to one of the protests organisers Tzeporah Berman, who aged 23, was arrested and charged with 857 criminal counts.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Protesters sat disrupting the loggers. Credit: Jacob Sutton/Getty Images)

In 1993, rainforest logging plans sparked Canada's largest act of civil disobedience

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

The Whisky War: Denmark V Canada

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In 1984, a diplomatic dispute broke out between Canada and Denmark over the ownership of a tiny island in the Arctic.

The fight for Hans Island off the coast of Greenland became known as the Whisky War. Both sides would leave a bottle of alcohol for the enemies after raising their national flag.

What could be the friendliest territorial dispute in history came to an end in 2022, with the agreement held up as an example of how diplomacy should work.

Janice Fryett hears from Tom Hoyem and Alan Kessel, politicians on either side of the bloodless war.

A Made in Manchester Production for the BBC World Service.

(Photo: Tom Hoyem with a Danish flag on Hans Island. Credit: Niels Henriksen)

Beginning in 1984, a dispute over an island was marked by geniality, and bottles of booze

What could be the friendliest territorial dispute in history was sparked in 1984 when both Canada and Denmark claimed ownership of a tiny island.

The Woman Born In A Prisoner Of War Camp

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After the Sino-Indian war in 1962, around 3,000 men, women and children were incarcerated in a disused World War Two prisoner of war camp. Indians of Chinese descent were sent there having fallen prey to government suspicion following the war which only lasted a few weeks.

Joy Ma was born in the camp in Deoli, Rajasthan, and spent the first four years of her life there with her family.

She speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about her family's story.

(Photo: Joy with her mother Effa Ma. Credit: Joy Ma)

The Sino-Indian war in 1962, left a lasting legacy on Indian families of Chinese descent

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Sino-Indian war in 1962, lasted only a few weeks, but its impact was profound. Around 3,000 men, women and children were incarcerated in a disused prisoner of war camp.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Woman Who Saved 2,500 Children From The Warsaw Ghetto

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Irena Sendler was a Polish social worker who risked her life to save 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw ghetto during World War Two.

Irena, a Catholic, was able to enter the ghetto because of her job. She was soon smuggling in food, medicine and clothing; and smuggling out children.

And, as a member of the Zegota underground resistance movement, she recruited others to help. Some children were hidden in suitcases, potato sacks, and even inside coffins. Others escaped through sewers.

In 1943, Irena was caught and tortured by the Gestapo but her supporters bribed a guard and she was released. Irena continued her work under a false name until the end of the war.

In 1965, she was given one of Israel's highest honours for non-Jews: the title of Righteous among the Nations. She died in 2008 at the age of 98.

Polish aid worker Irena Sendler saved 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw ghetto in WW2

Polish social worker Irena Sendler saved 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw ghetto during World War Two. Children were smuggled out in suitcases, potato sacks and even coffins.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Woman Who Spoke To The Space Station

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Amateur radio enthusiast Maggie Iaquinto spent a year trying to make contact with Russian cosmonauts on the Mir space station using special equipment.

It took careful planning as she had to know when they were orbiting past her house in Australia and what frequency they'd be on.

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Maggie relayed crucial information to cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev.

Maggie's son Ben Iaquinto speaks to Megan Jones.

(Photo: Margaret Iaquinto. Credit: Benjamin Iaquinto)

Maggie Iaquinto was the first amateur radio enthusiast to contact Russian cosmonauts

In 1990, amateur radio enthusiast Maggie Iaquinto made history by speaking with Russian cosmonauts on the Mir space station. She used special equipment from her home in Australia.

The Woman Whose Weather Report Changed The Date Of D-day

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In 1944, a young Irishwoman called Maureen Flavin drew up a weather report that helped change the course of World War Two.

Maureen was working at a post office in Blacksod on the far west coast of Ireland. Her duties included recording rainfall, wind speeds, temperature and air pressure.

On 3 June, she sent one of her hourly reports to Dublin, unaware that the figures were being passed on to the Allied headquarters in England. It was the first indication of bad weather heading towards the coast of France - and it was a huge blow.

Hundreds of thousands of British, American and Canadian servicemen had already gathered for the most ambitious operation of the war, the assault of the Normandy beaches on 5 June.

But after reading Maureen's report, chief meteorologist Group Captain James Stagg advised a delay of 24 hours.

US General, Dwight Eisenhower, gave the order, and D-Day was finally launched on 6 June, 1944. A date that went down in history.

Maureen's son Edward tells Jane Wilkinson about the family's pride in their mother.

(Photo: Maureen Flavin Sweeney. Credit: Sweeney family photo)

Maureen Flavin's weather report forecast a storm and changed the course of WW2 history

Maureen Flavin's weather report predicted a storm that changed the course of WW2 history. Her forecast was the first indication of bad weather and led the Allies to delay D-Day.

The Wonder Woman Of Dc Comics

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In 1976, Jenette Kahn took on one of the biggest roles in comic books - publisher of DC Comics, home to superheroes like Superman, Batman and Wonder Woman. She was only 28, and the first female boss.

Her first mission was to change the company name. For decades it had been known as National Periodical Publications but, with sales stalling, Jenette reverted back to the original name: DC Comics.

It wasn't her only shake-up. The illustrator Milton Glaser created a new logo, and rules were brought in to make sure artists kept the rights to their own characters and ideas.

The changes worked, bringing in more comic titles, new characters and a wider readership

Jenette was later promoted to president of the company, and then editor in chief, eventually leaving in 2002. By the time she left the staff had grown from 35 people to 250, half of whom were women.

With movie excerpts from the Warner Brothers films: Superman (Dir: Richard Donner, 1978), Batman Forever (Dir: Joel Schumacher, 1995) and Wonder Woman (Dir: Patty Jenkins, 2017).

(Photo: The Justice League of America superheroes, DC Comics. Credit: ABC Photo Archives/Disney General Entertainment Content via Getty Images)

In 1976 Jenette Kahn became the first female head of DC Comics, home of the superheroes

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1976, Jenette Kahn began one of the biggest roles in comic books - publisher of DC Comics, home to Superman, Batman and Wonder Woman. She was only 28 and the first female boss.

The changes worked, bringing in more comic titles, new characters and a wider readership. Jenette was later promoted to president of the company, and then editor-in-chief, eventually leaving in 2002.

By the time she left, the staff had grown from 35 people to 250, half of whom were women. Jenette tells her story to Jane Wilkinson.

With movie trailer excerpts from the Warner Brothers films: Superman (Dir: Richard Donner, 1978), Batman Forever (Dir: Joel Schumacher, 1995) and Wonder Woman (Dir: Patty Jenkins, 2017).

[LISTEN NOW]

The World's First General Purpose Electronic Computer

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In 1946, one of the world's first electronic computers was unveiled in Philadelphia, in the USA.

It was called the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, or ENIAC, and was initially designed to do calculations for ballistics trajectories.

It was programmed by six female mathematicians.

Rachel Naylor speaks to Gini Mauchly Calcerano, whose dad John Mauchly co-designed it, and whose mum, Kay McNulty, was one of the programmers.

(Photo: Computer operators programming the ENIAC. Credit: Corbis via Getty Images)

In 1946, one of the world's first electronic computers was unveiled in the USA.

[LISTEN NOW]

The World's First Labradoodle

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In 1989, Australian dog breeder Wally Conron was tasked with finding a suitable dog for a blind woman in Hawaii whose husband was allergic to pet hair.

By breeding together a poodle and a Labrador, he inadvertently created the world's first ever labradoodle.

More than three decades on, Wally believes he created Frankenstein's monster.

He has been sharing his memories of Sultan the labradoodle with George Crafer.

(Photo: Wally Conron with Sultan the first ever labradoodle. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1989, Wally Conron created the world's first labradoodle

In 1989, Australian dog breeder Wally Conron created the world's first labradoodle. More than three decades on, he believes he created Frankenstein's monster.

The World's First Lesbian Couple To Get Married

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On 1 April 2001, the Netherlands became the first country in the world to legalise gay marriage.

Four couples were chosen to take part in a collective wedding at midnight that was broadcast on TV.

Hélène Faasen and Anne-Marie Thus tell Dan Hardoon about the wedding they thought they'd never have.

(Photo: The four happy couples cut the cake. Credit: Marcel Antonisse/ANP/AFP/Getty Images)

In 2001, the Netherlands became the first country to legalise gay marriage

In 2001, the Netherlands was the first country in the world to legalise gay marriage. A collective wedding at midnight televised the first unions.

Four couples were chosen to take part in a collective wedding at midnight which was broadcast on TV.

The World's First Perfume Archive

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On 26 April 1990, the world's first perfume archive opened in Versailles, France.

The idea behind L'Osmothèque was to create a collection of scents and preserve their memory.

Perfumer Jean Claude Ellena was one of the team who created it.

He speaks to Jen Dale about how L'Osmothèque was founded and how perfumes from previous centuries, that no longer existed, were re-created.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Image: Perfume bottles at L'Osmothèque, Versailles. Credit: L'Osmothèque)

In 1990, L'Osmoth\u00e8que opened in Versailles, France with a collection of 400 perfumes

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1990, the world's first perfume archive opened in Versailles, France. L'Osmothèque opened with an initial collection of 400 perfumes including scents that are centuries old.

[LISTEN NOW]

The World's Largest Model Train Set

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In 2000, nightclub owners and twins Frederik and Gerrit Braun went from the neon lights of a Hamburg nightclub to building the world's largest model trainset.

Miniatur Wunderland is now a top tourist destination and global attraction visited by millions, including celebrities like Adele and Sir Rod Stewart.

Frederik and Gerrit Braun tell Megan Jones where this crazy idea came from.

(Photo: Frederik and Gerrit during the construction of the airport section. Credit: Frederik and Gerrit Braun / Miniatur Wunderland Hamburg)

In 2000, twins Frederik and Gerrit started building Miniatur Wunderland

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2000, twins Frederik and Gerrit Braun started building Miniatur Wunderland, which is now a world-famous destination visited by celebrities like Adele and Sir Rod Stewart.

[LISTEN NOW]

The World's Longest Kiss

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In 2013, Guinness World Records deactivated the record for the longest kiss after 15 years, saying it had become too dangerous and some of the rules conflicted with their current updated policies.

It means Thai couple Ekkachai, and his wife Laksana, still hold the title, after first breaking it in 2011, with a time of 46 hours and 24 minutes, then again in 2013 with 58 hours and 35 minutes.

The couple are no longer together but Ekkachai looks back at breaking the records with Megan Jones.

(Photo: Thai couple kiss during a competition. Credit: Pornchai Kittiwongsakul/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2013, a Thai couple locked lips for 58 hours and 35 minutes in a world record attempt

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2013, a Thai couple kissed for more than 58 hours as part of a world record attempt, but the competition was then deactivated for being 'too dangerous'.

[LISTEN NOW]

The Writer Of Mary Poppins

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In 1964, the Disney film 'Mary Poppins' was released. It was based on the character created by writer PL Travers.

Travers disliked the Oscar-winning Disney production so much, that she never allowed any more Mary Poppins books to be adapted into films.

In this episode, first broadcast in 2018, Vincent Dowd spoke to Brian Sibley and Kitty Travers about their memories of PL Travers.

(Photo: Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke in the film Mary Poppins. Credit: LMPC / Contributor)

It's 60 years since the Disney film was released, based on writer PL Travers's book

PL Travers published her first book about Mary Poppins in 1934. Three decades later, it was turned into a Disney film, featuring Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke.

The Ww2 Escape Line That Fooled The Nazis

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In 1940 a daring rescue operation began to help Allied servicemen escape from Nazi-occupied France.

French resistance fighter Roland Lepers was among those who guided stranded Allied soldiers and airmen to neutral Spain during World War Two. The 1,000 km route became known as the Pat O'Leary Escape Line - or the Pat Line.

It's estimated 7,000 Allied personnel escaped through this route and similar escape lines, thanks to a network of people who clothed, fed and hid them. Peter Janes was one of those British servicemen.

Roland's daughter Christine and Peter's son Keith, speak to Jane Wilkinson about their fathers' adventures.

(Photo: German-controlled checkpoint in France, 1940. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)

In 1940 a rescue operation helped Allied servicemen escape from Nazi-occupied France

In 1940 a daring World War Two rescue operation began to help Allied servicemen escape from Nazi-occupied France. The 1000 km route became known as the Pat O'Leary Escape Line.

Theodosia Okoh: Designer Of Ghana's Flag

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In March 1957, Ghana became the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to gain independence and a new flag was unveiled marking a fresh start for the former British colony known as the Gold Coast.

The woman behind the design was Theodosia Okoh, an artist and former teacher who won a government competition for a new emblem which would signify the end of British rule.

Her flag had red, gold and green horizontal stripes with a black star in the centre and it replaced the symbol of an elephant encircled in front of a palm tree below the Union Jack.

Theodosia's son Kwasi Okoh was a young boy at the time of independence, he speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about the inspiration behind his mother's creation.

(Photo: Ghanaian football fans with the flag at the 2006 World Cup. Credit Joerg Koch/DDP/AFP via Getty Images)

Ghana's independence in 1957 was marked with a new flag designed by Theodosia Okoh

In 1957, Ghana became the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to gain independence. The unveiling of a new flag marked a fresh start for Ghana. It was designed by Theodosia Okoh.

Thich Quang Duc: Buddhist Monk Who Set Himself On Fire

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In June 1963, a Vietnamese Buddhist monk died after setting himself on fire in protest against the Catholic South Vietnamese government.

Malcolm Brown's photograph of Thich Quang Duc's burning body became one of the most famous images of the 20th century.

Sister Chan Khong witnessed the protest. She spoke to Lucy Burns in 2013.

Some listeners may find this programme disturbing.

Thousands Of Danish Brains In Plastic Buckets

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In 1945, two Danish scientists opened an institute to study mental illnesses.

In the four decades until it closed, almost 10,000 brains were collected from dead psychiatric patients and stored in plastic buckets.

However, they were removed during autopsies without seeking permission from relatives. Following much debate in the 1990s, it was decided they should be used for research.

Now based in the University of Southern Denmark, the collection is believed to be the world's largest brain bank. Scientists hope it can help our understanding of mental illness and brain disease.

Adrienne Murray speaks to pathologist and caretaker of the brains, Martin Wirenfeldt Nielsen.

(Photo: Brains stored in plastic buckets at the University of Southern Denmark. Credit: BBC)

In 1945, a collection that would amass 9,479 brains was started

Two scientists collected almost 10,000 brains from dead patients at psychiatric hospitals across Denmark. It is thought to be the largest collection of its kind.

Tortured In Iran's Evin Prison

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In June 2009, millions of Iranians took to the streets to protest against what they considered a rigged presidential election.

The hardline incumbent Mahmoud Ahmadinejad won 62% of the vote. All three defeated candidates disputed the results.

The protests gave rise to the 'Green Movement', named after its signature colour, which opposed Ahmadinejad.

Journalist Maziar Bahari was accused of being a Western spy and spent 118 days being interrogated in Iran's Evin Prison. He tells Dan Hardoon about the torture he endured.

(Photo: Maziar Bahari in 2015. Credit: Slaven Vlasic/Getty Images)

Protests after Iran's 2009 election caused one man to be interrogated for 118 days

The 2009 Iranian election sparked months of protests. One man spent 118 days being interrogated. He was accused of spying.

Toxic Shock Syndrome And Tampon Safety

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In 1980, toxic shock syndrome (TSS) emerged as a public health crisis among women who used tampons.

There were hundreds of cases, and The Centers for Disease Control linked deaths from TSS to super-absorbent tampons.

The Food and Drug Administration responded by assembling a ‘Tampon Task Force' in 1982 to develop safety standards.

A researcher called Nancy King Reame was recruited to run the independent laboratory testing. Her work helped establish the first national absorbency standards for tampons. Golda Arthur speaks to Nancy King Reame.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Tampons. Credit: Getty Images)

In the 1980s, deaths were linked to super-absorbent tampons

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1982, a 'tampon task force' was set up to develop safety standards, following the emergence of toxic shock syndrome.

[LISTEN NOW]

Toy Story: The First Digitally-animated Feature Film

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Released in 1995, this buddy movie about a cowboy doll and a toy astronaut was the first to use entirely computer-generated images.

The story, about a group of toys who come alive when humans are not around, appealed to audiences around the world.

In 2017, animator Doug Sweetland spoke to Ashley Byrne about his work on the Pixar film. This was a Made in Manchester production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Woody and Buzz Lightyear toy figures. Credit: Getty Images/Oli Scarff)

The box-office hit started a shift away from hand-drawn cartoons

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The box-office hit started a trend that took the animation industry away from traditional hand-drawn cartoons and into using computer-generated images.

[LISTEN NOW]

Tracey Emin's Unmade Bed

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In 1999, Dame Tracey Emin's unmade bed was nominated for Britain's prestigious Turner art prize opening up conversations about how we define art.

The installation titled, My Bed, was Dame Tracey's bed surrounded by empty bottles and detritus.

Dame Tracey said: “It's like a time capsule of a woman from the '90s. ?

After eventually losing out on the Turner prize, she sold her piece for $200,000. She says: “The bed itself has become a national treasure of sorts ?.

Natasha Fernandes uses Dame Tracey's 2024 interview with BBC 100 Women to tell the story of her famous artwork.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Tracey Emin sat next to her unmade bed in 2014. Credit: Niklas Halle'n/AFP via Getty Images)

In 1999, Dame Tracey Emin's unmade bed was nominated for the prestigious Turner art prize

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1999, Dame Tracey Emin's unmade bed was nominated for the prestigious Turner art prize opening up conversations about how we define art.

[LISTEN NOW]

Trans Murder In Honduras

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In June 2009, transgender sex worker and activist Vicky Hernandez was murdered in the Honduran city of San Pedro Sula.

The killers were never identified or punished, but in 2021 the Inter-American Human Rights Court found the Honduran state responsible for the crime. It ordered the government to enact new laws to prevent discrimination and violence against LGBT people.

Mike Lanchin has been hearing from Claudia Spelman, a trans activist and friend of Vicky, and the American human rights lawyer Angelita Baeyens.

A CTVC production for BBC World Service.

(Photo: LGBT protestor holds a sign saying “Late Justice is not Justice ?. Credit: Wendell Escoto/AFP/Getty Images)

The 2009 murder of Vicky Hernandez forced recognition of transgender rights in Honduras

The 2009 murder of Vicky Hernandez forced the Honduran government to start recognising transgender rights.

'tripperburgen' The Sexual Health Clinics That Detained Women

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After the Second World War, in what was then East Germany, or the German Democratic Republic (GDR), tens of thousands of women and girls were forcibly detained and abused in sexual health clinics.

In 1977, at the age of 15, Sabine was at a house party in Leipzig when police came for her. She was taken to a so-called ‘Tripperburgen' which translates to ‘gonorrhoea castle'.

After 31 days she was told to leave. Research shows at least 10 of these wards existed in the GDR and 70% of the women had not been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease.

Sabine tells Megan Jones about what happened to her, including being subjected to her first ever gynaecological exam.

(Photo: Tripperburgen at Riebeckstraße 63. Credit: Fotozentrum Leipzig)

In 1977, in the former East Germany, tens of thousands of women and girls were abused

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1977, in what was then East Germany or the German Democratic Republic (GDR), tens of thousands of women and girls were forcibly detained and abused.

After the Second World War, in what was then the German Democratic Republic, tens of thousands of women and girls were forcibly detained and abused in sexual health clinics.

(Photo: Tripperburgen at Riebeckstr. 63 in Leipzig. Credit: Fotozentrum Leipzig.)

After the Second World War, in the German Democratic Republic, thousands were abused

[LISTEN NOW]

Triumph Of The Will: A Nazi Propaganda Film

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In 1934, one of the most controversial propaganda movies ever made - Triumph of the Will – was filmed at the Nazis' Nuremberg rally.

The two-hour picture was directed by Leni Riefenstahl, once described as Adolf Hitler's favourite filmmaker.

Over four days, scenes of military marches, speeches, and parades were shot from dramatic angles. Long-focus lenses recorded close-ups of the crowds, and cameras filmed from moving cars.

But, while to some Riefenstahl was an artistic genius, to many others, she glorified a regime that would go on to be responsible for the death of millions. And for portraying a genocidal dictator as a god-like saviour.

Jane Wilkinson has been through the BBC archives to find out more.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Leni Riefenstahl filming in Nuremberg, 1934. Credit: Corbis/Corbis via Getty Images)

In 1934 one of the most controversial propaganda movies ever made was filmed at Nuremberg

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Tsunami Devastates Samoa

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On 29 September 2009, a devastating tsunami hit Samoa, killing 149 people and leaving a trail of destruction.

For Lumepa Hald it was a terrifying day which resulted in a tragic loss.

She tells her story to Gill Kearsley.

(Photo: The devastation in Samoa after the tsunami in 2009. Credit: Phil Walter/Getty Images)

In 2009 a tsunami killed 149 people. Lumepa Hald tells the story of destruction and loss

149 people were killed when a tsunami hit Samoa in 2009. For Lumepa Hald it was a terrifying day which resulted in a tragic loss.

Turkey: Gezi Park Protests

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In 2013, environmental protests in Gezi Park, Istanbul led to civil unrest across Turkey.

For one protestor, a post he made on social media led to a dramatic outcome.

Memet Ali Alabora, was an activist and a famous actor in Turkey. He tells his story to Gill Kearsley.

(Photo: Protestors construct a barricade in Istanbul. Credit: Ayman Oghanna/Getty Images)

In 2013 protests in Istanbul's Gezi Park led to civil unrest across Turkey

Environmental protests in Gezi Park, Istanbul led to civil unrest across Turkey in 2013. For one man a social media post about the protests led to a dramatic outcome.

Ukraine's 'museum Of Corruption'

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In February 2014, Ukraine's ousted president, Viktor Yanukovych fled the country.

His estate was abandoned by security guards, so for the first time ordinary people got to see inside Mezhyhirya, the extraordinarily extravagant home of the former president.

Denys Tarakhkotelyk was one of those early visitors, and went on to take charge of the estate. He tells Gill Kearsley his remarkable story, and how the house became known as a ‘museum of corruption'.

(Photo: People wander around President Viktor Yanukovych's Mezhyhirya estate. Credit: Jeff J Mitchell/Getty Images)

Ordinary people saw inside the home of Ukraine's ousted president in February 2014

The story of how, in February 2014, ordinary people got to see inside Mezhyhirya, the extraordinarily extravagant home of Ukraine's former president.

Uruguay V The Tobacco Giant

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Uruguay was one of the first countries in the world to introduce anti-smoking laws.

But in 2010, the tobacco giant Philip Morris took the country to court claiming the measures devalued its investments.

The case pitted the right of a country to introduce health policies against the commercial freedoms of a cigarette company.

Uruguay's former Public Health Minister María Julia Muñoz tells Grace Livingstone about the significance of the ban and its fallout.

(Photo: An anti-tobacco installation in Montevideo, Uruguay. Credit: Pablo La Rosa/Reuters)

In 2010, Uruguay was taken to court by a tobacco company for its trailblazing smoking ban

When Uruguay introduced a pioneering smoking ban, it was taken to court by tobacco company Philip Morris.

Usonia: Frank Lloyd Wright's 'utopian' Town

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In 1948, the foundation was laid for a “utopian ? community of houses designed by a man described as America's greatest ever architect.

Frank Lloyd Wright had been approached by a group who wanted to create a social collective of affordable homes, on land an hour north of New York city.

The group of 47 flat-roofed, open-plan homes became known as Usonia. Roland Reisley, now aged 100, is the last founding member of the community where he still lives.

He reveals what it was like to be a client of the famous, but controversial, Frank Lloyd Wright, and explains why Usonia has been the backdrop to a long and happy life.

This episode was produced in partnership with BBC Video, and presented by me Jane Wilkinson.

1948 saw the start of a utopian town of houses designed by America's great architect.

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1948, the foundation was laid for a “utopian ? town designed by America's greatest architect. Frank Lloyd Wright's mission was to create a social collective of affordable homes.

This episode was produced in partnership with BBC Video, and presented by Jane Wilkinson.

(Photo: Roland Reisley's home, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. Credit AP Photo/Ed Bailey)

1948 saw the start of a utopian town of houses designed by America's greatest architect

[LISTEN NOW]

Vatican Citizen Emanuela Orlandi Disappears

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In 1983, the disappearance of a teenage girl who was a citizen of Vatican City led to a scandal.

When Pope John Paul II made a public appeal to the people holding Emanuela Orlandi captive, the world took notice and her case was treated as a suspected kidnapping.

Forty years on, the reason she vanished is still unclear.

Emanuela's brother, Pietro Orlandi, speaks to Daniel Gordon about his life-long mission to find out what really happened to his sister.

(Photo: A protester holds a photo of Emanuela. Credit: Stefano Montesi/Corbis/Getty Images)

In 1983, a suspected kidnapping led to scandal

A missing schoolgirl from the Vatican led to a scandal in 1983.

Ve Day Celebrations

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The end of the Second World War in Europe came on 8 May 1945, after more than five years of conflict.

British Prime Minister Winston Churchill announced that people could allow themselves 'a brief period of rejoicing'.

Crowds in their thousands gathered outside Whitehall and Buckingham Palace.

BBC correspondents, including Richard Dimbleby, capture the scenes of joy across the city - from the East End to Piccadilly Circus.

This programme was produced by Simon Watts using material from the BBC Archives recorded on VE Day in 1945.

It was first broadcast in 2020.

[LISTEN NOW]

Vidkun Quisling: Norway's Traitor

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In December 1939, fascist Norwegian politician Vidkun Quisling travelled to Berlin from Oslo for a secret meeting with Adolf Hitler.

Quisling suggested to Hitler that the British were planning to move into Norway for their own strategic needs. Norway hadn't been a concern for the Nazis but the meeting alarmed Hitler and within months Germany started its invasion of Norway.

From that moment, Quisling was consigned into history as a traitor. So much so that in the time since, his name has become a byword for traitor in numerous languages.

Matt Pintus hears from Norwegian journalist, Trude Lorentzen, who decided to study Quisling's life after stumbling across his suitcase in an online auction.

As part of her voyage of discovery, Trude interviewed Quisling's Jewish neighbour Leif Grusd who was forced to flee to Sweden when the Nazis took over Norway.

Leif Grusd's interview was translated from the NRK podcast 'Quislings koffert' - Quisling's suitcase - released in 2021. It was made by production company Svarttrost for NRK.

Vivian Maier: Secret Street Photographer

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It is only since Vivian Maier's death in 2009 that the 150,000 photographs she rarely showed to anyone have come to light.

Working as a nanny in the suburbs of Chicago in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s, she captured extraordinary street scenes on a Rolleiflex camera. But she did not always develop the photos. With no permanent home of her own, she paid for storage units where her life's work was kept. The archives were auctioned when she died and she is now considered one of the best street photographers of the 20th century.

Josephine McDermott presents accounts from the BBC archive from the people who found themselves in Vivian Maier's orbit.

(Photo: Vivian Maier self-portrait. Credit: Vivian Maier/ Alamy)

The secret street photography of a US nanny in the 1950s and 1960s

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Vivian Maier was known in her lifetime as a nanny, and since her death, as one of the best street photographers of the 20th century.

[LISTEN NOW]

Wabot-1: The First Humanoid Robot

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Scientists at Waseda University in Japan built the world's first humanoid robot in 1973. They called it the 'WABOT', the Waseda robot. It could see, walk and even talk. It was a huge leap forward in the history of artificial intelligence and robotics. Dr Hiromichi Fujisawa tells Ben Henderson how he was tasked with making the robot speak.

(Photo: Leader of the project, Professor Ichiro Kato, with WABOT-1. Credit: Future Robotics Organization/Waseda University)

Scientists at Waseda University in Japan built the world's first humanoid robot in 1973. Dr Hiromichi Fujisawa tells Ben Henderson how he was tasked with making the robot speak.

Scientists at Waseda University in Japan built the world's first humanoid robot in 1973. It was a huge leap forward in the history of artificial intelligence and robotics. Dr Hiromichi Fujisawa tells Ben Henderson how he was tasked with making the robot speak.

[LISTEN NOW]

Wallander And The Rise Of Nordic Noir

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Published in 1991, Faceless Killers was the first of Henning Mankell's crime novels featuring police inspector Kurt Wallander. The series changed the world of crime writing, introducing gritty social realism. The Wallander novels helped establish Scandinavia as the epicentre of crime fiction.

Henning Mankell's former agent Anneli Høier speaks to Ben Henderson about the rise of Nordic Noir.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Henning Mankell. Credit: Gideon Mendel/Corbis via Getty Images)

First published in 1991, Henning Mankell's novels changed the world of crime fiction

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

First published in 1991, Henning Mankell's novels about police inspector Kurt Wallander helped establish Scandinavia as the epicentre of crime fiction.

[LISTEN NOW]

Wang Jingwei: China's Traitor Or Protector?

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In 1937, Japan invaded China committing atrocities including the Nanjing Massacre. Wang Jingwei was a Chinese national hero and second-in-command of China's ruling Nationalist Party. He wanted to negotiate with Japan but his colleagues wouldn't listen. So he defected, and in 1940 he agreed to lead a Japanese-controlled puppet government in Nanjing.

Many Chinese have hated him ever since – his name is synonymous with the word ‘Hanjian', a traitor to China.

But Pan Chia-sheng's memories of living under Wang Jingwei's government tell a very different story. He speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Wang Jingwei. Credit: Wang Wenxing via Wang Jingwei Irrevocable Trust)

The national hero was branded a traitor for collaborating with Japan during World War Two

The national hero was branded a traitor for collaborating with Japan during World War Two. But Pan Chia-sheng's memories of him tell a very different story.

Wangari Maathai: The First African Woman To Win The Nobel Peace Prize

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In 2004, the Kenyan ecologist Wangari Maathai became the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Wangari Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977, a grass-roots organisation empowering local women to plant trees. It spread to other African countries and contributed to the planting of over 30 million trees. In 2016, Alex Last spoke to her daughter, Wanjira.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Wangari Maathai. Credit: William F Campbell/Getty Images)

In 2004, Kenyan ecologist Wangari Maathai won the Nobel Peace Prize

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Wangari Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement empowering local women to plant trees. It spread to other African countries and led to the planting of over 30 million trees.

[LISTEN NOW]

Waris Dirie: Destined To Be Famous

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In 1987, an unknown eight-teen year old Somalian model called Waris Dirie, walked into the studio of renowned British photographer Terrance Donovan.

She had never had her picture taken before but after striking her first pose it was clear belonged in front of the lens.

Although she says modelling was “easy-peasy ? it was not an obvious career path for Waris.

She was born in the Somali desert to a nomadic family.

When she was young she was forced to undergo female genital mutilation after which her family arranged a husband for her to marry.

Waris tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how she walked barefoot across the Somalian desert to escape child marriage and how she became an international supermodel sensation.

(Photo: Waris Dirie. Credit: Waris Dirie)

In 1987, Waris Dirie had her first photo-shoot and became a supermodel sensation

In 1987, Waris Dirie had her picture taken for the first time, after striking her first pose it was clear she belonged in front of the lens.

Washington Dc's Mount Pleasant Riot

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In May 1991, a female police officer shot and wounded a young immigrant from El Salvador in the Mount Pleasant neighbourhood in Washington DC in the United States.

It sparked several days of disturbances in the largely Hispanic area, as the population vented its frustrations at years of feeling sidelined by city officials.

Shops were burnt down, cars overturned, and dozens of people were arrested before the police took back control of the streets. But for the first time, it gave visibility to a community that had been largely ignored.

Mike Lanchin hears from musician and former resident of Mount Pleasant, Victor ‘Lilo' Gonzalez.

A CTVC production.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: BlackBerry phone in 2002. Credit: Rob Homer/Fairfax Media via Getty Images)

In 1991, rioting broke out in the US capital after a police officer shot a Salvadoran man

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In May 1991, rioting broke out in the US capital after a police officer shot a Salvadoran man.

[LISTEN NOW]

West Africa Fights Back Against Boko Haram

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In 2015, West African countries fought against the jihadist militant group Boko Haram which controlled large areas of northeastern Nigeria.

The group, whose name means “western education is forbidden ?, had killed thousands and displaced millions in the years preceding 2015.

They made worldwide headlines in 2014 when they kidnapped 276 girls from a boarding school.

Tim O'Callaghan speaks to retired Brigadier General Sani Kukasheka Usman, who was Director of Public Relations for the Nigerian Army in 2015.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Nigerian soldiers hold a Boko Haram flag after liberating an area from their control in 2015. Credit: Reuters)

In 2015, a coalition of West African countries fought back against a caliphate in Nigeria

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

West Africa's Ebola Virus Epidemic

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The 2014 Ebola outbreak devastated West Africa, killing more than 11,000 people over a two year period. One country that suffered was Sierra Leone.

The disease started in Guinea, but quickly spread to neighbouring countries.

Before May 2014, there had never been an outbreak of Ebola in Sierra Leone. By autumn that year, burial teams were struggling to keep up with the number of corpses that needed burying.

Dan Hardoon speaks to Yusuf Kabba, an Ebola survivor from Sierra Leone.

(Photo: Headstones in the Waterloo Ebola Graveyard, Sierra Leone. Credit: HUGH KINSELLA CUNNINGHAM/AFP via Getty Images)

In 2014, Sierra Leone was devastated by Africa's biggest Ebola outbreak on record

Wham! In China

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In 1985, the British band Wham! became the first Western pop act to play in China.

Around 12,000 fans packed into the Worker's Gymnasium in Beijing to hear such hits as Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go and Freedom.

Wham!'s manager Simon Napier-Bell tells Vicky Farncombe how the strangeness of the event affected singer George Michael's nerves.

What The 1989 Solar Storm Did To Quebec

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On 13 March 1989, the Canadian province of Quebec suffered a nine-hour electricity blackout.

Much of the state's infrastructure was damaged, but the power companies couldn't find any obvious cause.

Physicist Aja Hruska was one of the only people in the country that knew the answer to Quebec's problem. A solar flare ejected by the sun had hit the earth's magnetic field, creating electrical havoc.

And the damage could have been avoided if her warnings had been properly acknowledged.

Aja shares her memories of that day with Eva Runciman.

(Photo: A solar flare erupts from the sun. Credit: Photo 12/Universal Images Group/Getty Images)

In 1989, a huge solar flare ground life to a halt in Quebec

In 1989, a powerful solar flare hit the Earth's magnetic field and caused a nine-hour electricity blackout in Quebec.

When Cuban Spy Ana Montes Was Caught

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In 2001, the American Ana Montes, who was working for the United States Defense Intelligence Agency was arrested for espionage.

Although the FBI knew that there was a spy they didn't know who it was. The Cubans always referred to Ana by a man's name.

Former FBI agent, Pete Lapp, tells Gill Kearsley the fascinating story of how he and his team tracked down and arrested Ana, who is known as ‘Queen of Cuba'.

(Photo: Ana Montes in 2001. Credit: FBI )

The story of Cuban spy Ana Montes who was arrested in 2001

In 2001, the American Ana Montes, who was working for the United States Defense Intelligence Agency, was arrested for espionage. The FBI agent who caught her tells the story.

When Emperor Haile Selassie Lived In England

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In 1936, Haile Selassie came to Bath in the west of England to escape Mussolini and the fascists who had invaded Ethiopia.

He bought a house and moved his entire family and staff to property called Fairfield House and quickly became the talk of the town.

The local paper ran daily updates on the Emperor's schedule and dispelled rumours like the Emperor's beard 'having turned white with anguish' or that he was keeping lions in the basement.

Haile Selassie also made a point of indulging in local amusements and even took a trip to the iconic Tropicana outdoor swimming pool in Weston-super-Mare.

Selassie returned to Ethiopia in 1940 after the British helped remove Mussolini. He never forgot his time in Bath and renamed one of his palaces Fairfield in tribute to the British city.

In 1936, the Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie was exiled in Bath

In 1936, the Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie was exiled in Bath in the west of England. He was escaping Mussolini and the fascists who had invaded his home country.

[LISTEN NOW]

When Emperor Haile Selassie Lived In Exile In England

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In 1936, Haile Selassie came to Bath in the west of England to escape Mussolini and the fascists who had invaded Ethiopia.

He bought a property – Fairfield House - and moved his entire family and staff there. He quickly became the talk of the town.

The local paper ran daily updates on the Emperor's schedule and dispelled rumours such as the Emperor's beard 'having turned white with anguish' or that he was keeping lions in the basement.

Haile Selassie also made a point of indulging in local amusements and even took a trip to the Tropicana outdoor swimming pool in the seaside town of Weston-super-Mare.

Selassie returned to Ethiopia in 1940 after the British helped remove Mussolini. He never forgot his time in Bath and renamed one of his palaces Fairfield in tribute to the British city.

(Photo: Haile Selassie during his coronation. Credit: Getty Images )

In 1936, the Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie was exiled in Bath in the UK

In 1936, the Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie was exiled in Bath in the west of England. He was escaping Mussolini and the fascists who had invaded his home country.

[LISTEN NOW]

When Instant Noodles Came To India

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The arrival of instant noodles in India was a turning point in culinary history.

In 1983, before Maggi 2-Minute Noodles launched, the country's food culture centred around chapati, lentils and rice and the Indian economy was still a closed market.

Sangeeta Talwar, formerly of Nestle India, tells Surya Elango how instant noodles forever changed the food habits of the country.

When Italy Gave Back Ethiopia's Stolen Obelisk

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In 2005, the pieces of an ancient monument were flown back to Ethiopia, having been stolen by Italy.

The Obelisk of Axum, built around 1,700 years ago, was 24-metres (78 feet) high and weighed around 160 tons.

It was looted from Ethiopia on the orders of fascist dictator Benito Mussolini.

He had it re-erected in Rome outside the former Ministry of the Colonies building near Circus Maximus.

Despite a pledge to the United Nations in 1947 to return all plundered goods, it took nearly 60 years for Italy to return the stele.

Architect Michele Daniele was one of those involved in dismantling, transporting and re-erecting the tower.

He tells Vicky Farncombe about the “hardest days ? of his career.

When Maldives' Ministers Met Underwater

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On 17 October 2009, the Maldives' top government officials donned their scuba gear for the world's first underwater cabinet meeting.

Fish floated around while ministers communicated with hand gestures, white boards and special underwater pencils. Meanwhile on the surface, journalists jostled to see what was happening.

The watery meeting was filmed and photographed and subsequently broadcast across the world.

The President at the time, Mohamed Nasheed, wanted to show the world the impact climate change would have on his country if carbon dioxide emissions weren't curbed. Graihagh Jackson speaks to him to find out if the stunt worked.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Maldives President Mohamed Nasheed presiding over an underwater cabinet meeting. Credit:EPA/Maldives Presidency).

In 2009, ministers from the Maldives held the first underwater cabinet meeting

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 2009, the Maldives' top ministers donned their scuba gear for a meeting. They wanted to show the world the impact climate change would have on their country.

[LISTEN NOW]

When Norway Introduced Salmon Sushi To Japan

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In the late 1980s, Norway needed a new market for its farmed salmon. Fish-loving Japan and its lucrative sushi market seemed to fit the bill. But salmon was one fish the Japanese did not eat raw.

Lars Bevanger speaks to Bjørn-Eirik Olsen, the man who came up with the idea of putting salmon on sushi rice, and spent years convincing the Japanese to eat it.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal ; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Bjørn-Eirik Olsen in Japan. Credit: Bjørn-Eirik Olsen)

In the late 1980s, Norwegian Bj\u00f8rn-Eirik Olsen came up with the idea of salmon on sushi

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In the late 1980s, Norway needed a new market for its farmed salmon production. Bjørn-Eirik Olsen came up with the idea of putting salmon on sushi rice.

[LISTEN NOW]

When Norway Introduced Salmon Sushi To Japan

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In the late 1980s, Norway needed a new market for its growing farmed salmon production.

Fish-loving Japan and its lucrative sushi market seemed to fit the bill. But salmon was one fish the Japanese did not eat raw.

Lars Bevanger speaks to Bjørn-Eirik Olsen, the man who came up with the idea of putting salmon on sushi rice, and who spent years convincing the Japanese to eat it.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo:Bjørn-Eirik Olsen in Japan. Credit: Bjørn-Eirik Olsen)

In the late 1980s, Norway was looking for a new market to sell its salmon

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

Salmon was the one fish the Japanese didn't eat raw, but in the late 1980s a man from Norway was trying to change that.

[LISTEN NOW]

When Pink Floyd Played In Venice

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In July 1989, Pink Floyd played a free concert to 200,000 people in Venice, Italy. The British rock band took to a stage made of floating barges as crowds of fans watched from boats, gondolas and rooftops. The show was also broadcast worldwide to an estimated 100 million viewers in over 20 countries.

But, behind the scenes, the gig was marred by controversy. Concerns about crowd numbers and the potential damage the noise could do to the city's historical buildings nearly saw the show called off. But no one could have predicted it would bring down the city's politicians.

Italian music promoter, Fran Tomasi, who worked with the band and came up with the idea for the show, talks to Emma Forde.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

Thanks to Granada International /RaiUno/Promoproductions, Inc.

(Photo: Pink Floyd performing in Venice. Credit: Andrea Pattaro)

In July 1989, Pink Floyd played a controversial concert to 200,000 people in Venice

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In July 1989, Pink Floyd played a free concert to 200,000 people in Venice, Italy. But, behind the scenes, the gig was marred by controversy.

[LISTEN NOW]

When Ravi Shankar Taught George Harrison The Sitar

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Following the Beatles final concert tour, George Harrison travelled to India in 1967 to learn sitar under the renowned musician Ravi Shankar.

Fleeing Beatlemania he travelled in disguise to Mumbai and then to Srinagar in Kashmir.

Listening to BBC archive and using excerpts from a Martin Scorsese documentary, we hear one of the world's most famous guitarists challenge himself to learn a new instrument.

The moment influenced George's spirituality, his burgeoning solo musical career, as well as the Beatles. It also propelled Ravi Shankar further into the limelight.

The musicians remained lifelong friends. Ravi says they last saw each other on 28 November 2001, the day before George died.

Produced and presented by Surya Elango.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: George Harrison and Ravi Shankar in 1975. Credit: by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images)

In 1967, Ravi Shankar taught the 'quiet Beatle' George Harrison how to play the sitar

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The Indian sitarist Ravi Shankar taught the Beatles' lead guitarist George Harrison the sitar, bringing classical Indian music to a western audience.

[LISTEN NOW]

When Stalin Silenced Shostakovich

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Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich was one of the greatest musicians of the 20th century. But in 1936, Joseph Stalin attended a performance of Shostakovich's opera, Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk.

The Soviet leader was unimpressed and left early. Days later, the state newspaper Pravda published a scathing review titled 'Muddle instead of music', castigating the music as bourgeois.

Shostakovich was blacklisted from public life, and feared for his safety during Stalin's ongoing purges.

The traditional style of his comeback Symphony No 5 in 1937 was a hit with the authorities, and Shostakovich's reputation was restored. But his true intentions are hugely debated – some experts argue the Fifth Symphony was a cleverly veiled act of dissent.

Fifty years on from the composer's death, his son Maxim Shostakovich unfolds the mystery with Ben Henderson.

Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive.

Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Dmitri Shostakovich and his son Maxim Shostakovich. Credit: Express/Getty Images)

In 1936, Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich was denounced

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In 1936, Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich was denounced by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. In response, he wrote one of the most controversial symphonies in history.

[LISTEN NOW]

Whistler: Creating One Of The World's Biggest Ski Resorts

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In 2003, Whistler Blackcomb won its bid to host the Winter Olympic Games for the first time.

It was six time lucky for the Canadian ski resort which had been open to the public in 1966.

The mountain – which is named after the high pitched whistle of the native marmot – has been through a lot of iterations and one man has been there to see nearly all of them.

Hugh Smythe, known as one of the ‘founding fathers' of Whistler, has been sharing his memories of the mountain with Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Whistler mountain. Credit: Getty Images)

In 2003, Whistler Blackcomb won its bid to host the Winter Olympics

In 2003, Whistler Blackcomb won its bid to host the Winter Olympics. It was six time lucky for the Canadian ski resort. Hugh Smythe shares his memories with Matt Pintus.

Why Tupac Was Fired From Menace Ii Society

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In 1993, a gritty and unflinching crime movie called Menace II Society was released to huge acclaim.

The debut picture from the teenage directors, Allen and Albert Hughes, provided a deep dive into the harsh realities faced by many young African Americans growing up in Los Angeles.

But behind the scenes, all was not well and the violence on-screen bled into real life.

Rap sensation, Tupac Shakur – who had originally been cast to feature in the movie – had fallen out with the directors and was sacked during production.

He promised retribution against the Hughes brothers, and his retribution would eventually land him time in jail.

More than 30 years on from the movie's release, Allen Hughes shares his memories of that time with Matt Pintus.

(Photo: Tupac Shakur pictured in 1993. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1993, the Hughes brothers released their debut movie

In 1993, Menace II Society was released to huge acclaim. Behind the scenes, all was not well and the violence on-screen bled into real life.

The debut picture from the teenage directors, Allen and Albert Hughes, provided a deep dive into the harsh realities faced by many young African Americans growing up Los Angeles.

[LISTEN NOW]

Winifred Atwell: The Honky-tonk Star Who Was Sir Elton John's Hero

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Winifred Atwell was a classically-trained pianist from Trinidad who became one of the best-selling artists of the 1950s in the UK.

She played pub tunes on her battered, out-of-tune piano which travelled everywhere with her.

Her fans included Sir Elton John and Queen Elizabeth II.

She was the first instrumentalist to go to number one in the UK.

This programme, produced and presented by Vicky Farncombe, tells her story using archive interviews.

(Photo: Winifred Atwell. Credit: BBC)

The forgotten story of Winifred Atwell, the pianist from Trinidad who broke sales records

Winifred Atwell was the classically-trained pianist from Trinidad who became the first black artist to go to number one in the UK.

Wole Soyinka: Imprisoned During Nigeria's Biafra War

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In 1967, Nigerian writer Wole Soyinka tried to stop the country's Biafra war, in which Nigeria's Igbo people responded to violence by seceding from the rest of the country. They proclaimed a new Republic of Biafra.

When the fighting began, Soyinka was building a reputation as a poet and playwright abroad. However, in a last-ditch attempt to avert civil war, he set off on a secret mission behind the front line to meet the Biafran leader, Emeka Odumegwu Ojukwu. When he left Biafra, he was imprisoned by the federal government without trial for more than two years.

Soyinka drew on his prison experience in his writing over the following years, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1986 - the first African to win the award. He looks back on those events with Ben Henderson.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Wole Soyinka in 1969. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

In 1967, Nigerian writer Wole Soyinka was jailed following his efforts to avert civil war

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Women's Rights In Independent Tunisia

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It's 70 years since Tunisian gained independence from France.

In August 1956, it brought in a new equality law that revolutionised women's lives.

Under the socialist President Habib Bourguiba, the North African country became the first in the Muslim world to legalise civil divorce and abortion and to ban polygamy.

Bourguiba also gave women the vote and widened access to education.

Nidale Abou Mrad spoke to Saida El Gueyed, a founding member of the Tunisian Women's Union, in 2019.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken.

(Photo: Members of the Tunisian Women's Union. Credit: Courtesy of Saida El Gueyed)

In 1956, Tunisia gained independence and soon gave new rights to women

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

In August 1956, a newly independent Tunisia brought in a new equality law revolutionising women's lives.

[LISTEN NOW]

World War Two's Rome Escape Line

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Between September 1943 and June 1944, the Italian capital Rome was occupied by German soldiers during the Second World War.

Italy had surrendered and thousands of allied prisoners of war had escaped from internment camps in the country.

An Irish priest, called Monsignor Hugh O'Flaherty, who was working for the neutral state of Vatican City set in the heart of Rome, did everything he could to help the escaped prisoners evade capture by the Nazis.

Tim O'Callaghan has been speaking to his nephew – also called Hugh O'Flaherty about his uncle's life.

(Photo: Hugh O'Flaherty. Credit: The O'Flaherty family)

How an Irish priest saved thousands of allied prisoners of war and Jews in Rome in WW2

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The story of an Irish priest who helped escaped allied prisoners of war and Jews evade the Nazis in Rome during the Second World War.

[LISTEN NOW]

World War Two's Shetland Bus

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During World War Two, whilst Norway was occupied by Nazi Germany, a group of Norwegian sailors set up a base on the Shetland islands and began aiding their country's resistance.

Named “The Shetland Bus ? they made perilous journeys across the North Sea in fishing boats, smuggling agents, equipment and ammunition into Norway.

Their most famous skipper was Leif Larsen. He made more than 50 journeys to and from occupied Norway during the war and became one of the highest decorated naval officers of World War Two.

Tim O'Callaghan tells his story using archive interviews Leif gave to the BBC in 1981 and 1985.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: The Shetland Bus crew, Leif Larsen second from left next to agent in white coat. Credit: David Howarth)

The Norwegian sailors who aided their country's resistance against the Nazis

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

During World War Two, Norwegian sailors who had escaped the Nazis set up a base in the Shetland Islands and began aiding their country's resistance.

[LISTEN NOW]

World's First Solar-heated Home

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In December 1948, a family of Hungarian refugees moved into the world's first home to be heated entirely by solar power.

What made the Dover Sun House, in Massachusetts, United States, even more special was that it had been created by three women at a time when men dominated the fields of science and engineering.

Heiress Amelia Peabody funded it, architect Eleanor Raymond designed it and biophysicist Maria Telkes created the heating system.

Andrew Nemethy, who grew up in the house, tells Vicky Farncombe how it felt to live in an 'elongated cheese wedge'.

(Photo: The Dover Sun House. Credit: Getty Images)

In 1948, the Dover Sun House, in the US, was the first home to be heated by solar power

It's 75 years since three eminent women came together to create the world's first home to be heated entirely by solar power.

This programme has been updated since its original broadcast. It was edited on 6 December 2023.

World's First Womb Transplant Baby

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In September 2014, the world's first baby was born to a mother with a transplanted womb, making headlines around the globe.

Malin Stenberg had the pioneering surgery over a year earlier when she received the donated organ from a family friend, giving birth to her son Vincent at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Sweden.

Reena Stanton-Sharma speaks to Prof Pernilla Dahm-Kähler, who was a member of the talented team whose dedication would help bring Vincent into the world.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

In 2014, the world's first baby born to a mother with a transplanted womb was delivered

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

The world's first baby born to a mother with a transplanted womb was delivered in 2014. Malin Stenberg gave birth to her son Vincent at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Sweden.

[LISTEN NOW]

Yazidi Genocide: A Rescue Mission On Mount Sinjar

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When Islamic State (IS) militants took control of Syria and Iraq in June 2014, the entire Yazidi population in Sinjar were immediately in grave danger. The Sunni Muslims of IS believed Yazidis were infidels and should either convert to Islam or be killed.

On 3 August 2014, 5,000 Yazidis were killed on the first day of the genocide. For those who survived that night, the only escape route was to climb Mount Sinjar in the blistering heat, with no shelter or food, and pray to be rescued.

Mirza Dinnayi convinced Iraq's president to supply three helicopters and began evacuating 50,000 Yazidis, who were stranded on top of the mountain in a race against time. Mirza shares his experience with Sarah Ehrlich.

A 2 Degrees West production for BBC World Service.

(Photo: Yazidi people escape the Sinjar mountains in August 2014. Credit: Emrah Yorulmaz/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images)

How Yazidis in Iraq fled to Mount Sinjar to escape genocide in August 2014

In August 2014, Islamic State militants killed 5,000 Yazidi people. It was the first day of the genocide in Iraq, displacing the entire community of 400,000.

Mirza shares his experience with Sarah Ehrlich. This is a 2 Degrees West production for the BBC World Service.

Ycu\u00e1 Bola\u00f1os Supermarket Fire

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In August 2004, more than 300 people died when a supermarket caught fire in Paraguay's capital, Asunción.

It is seen as the country's worst peacetime disaster.

Tatiana Gabaglio escaped the fire. She speaks to Ben Henderson.

(Photo: Mourners gathering after the Ycuá Bolaños fire. Credit: Norberto Duarte/AFP via Getty Images)

More than 300 people died in Paraguay's capital in 2004

In August 2004, more than 300 people died when a supermarket caught fire in Paraguay's capital, Asunción. Tatiana Gabaglio escaped the fire.

Yeltsin Speaks At The Reburial Of The Romanovs

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In 1998, Russia's President Boris Yeltsin shocked the nation with a last-minute decision to speak at the reburial of Tsar Nicholas II and his family, 80 years after their murder.

“We must end an age of blood and violence in Russia, ? he said, as he called for the country to face up to the crimes of its communist past.

Lilia Dubovaya, a reporter for the state news service, told Robert Nicholson about the emotional weight of the day. A Whistledown production for BBC World Service.

(Image: President Yeltsin at the reburial of Tsar Nicholas II. Credit: Reuters)

In 1998, the Russian president condemned the Soviet violence that killed Tsar Nicholas II

In 1998, Russia's president decried the violence of the Soviet era, as the remains of the murdered Tsar Nicholas II and family were laid to rest.

Yinka Shonibare: Nelson's Ship In A Bottle

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On 24 May 2010, artist Yinka Shonibare unveiled Nelson's Ship in a Bottle, on the fourth plinth in London's Trafalgar Square.

The piece was the world's largest ship in a bottle, but it wasn't just any vessel.

It was a replica of HMS Victory, commanded by Admiral Lord Nelson in the Battle of Trafalgar, except Yinka had made an eye-catching change.

The ship's plain sails had been replaced with colourful Dutch wax sails. Dutch wax is a fabric typically sold in West Africa.

Yinka's work captivated crowds and left people wondering what it meant.

“Some people were like ‘oh great we are celebrating Britishness. Fantastic', and then some other groups said ‘Oh this is a critique of Britain. Fantastic'. I love it when the work does that! ?, says Yinka.

He tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how his artwork was created and what it means to him.

On 24 May 2010, artist Yinka Shonibare unveiled his sculpture, Nelson's Ship in a Bottle

1965

Singaporean Independence

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20250809 (WS)

On 9 August 1965 Singapore announced it had left the Federation of Malaysia and become an independent sovereign state. Explaining the separation at a news conference, the prime minister, Lee Kuan Yew, was overcome with emotion.

Fifty years later in 2015, Catherine Davis spoke to Manjeet Kaur who was 15-years-old when Singapore became independent.

For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.

(Photo: Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew. Credit: BBC)

The 60th anniversary of Singaporean independence

The story of our times, told by the people who were there

[LISTEN NOW]

Episodes

Episode	Title	First Broadcast	Repeated	Comments
			20260416 20260417 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. The story of our times told by the people who were there. [LISTEN NOW]
			20260422 20260423 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. The story of our times told by the people who were there. [LISTEN NOW]
			20251015	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
			20251015 20251016 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
			20260130 20260131 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
			20260204	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
			20260204 20260205 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
			20250730	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
			20250730 20250731 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
			20250801 20250802 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
		20241126	20241127 (WS)	Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
		20260212	20260213 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
		20260417	20260417 20260418 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. The story of our times told by the people who were there. [LISTEN NOW]
		20260501	20260502 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. The story of our times told by the people who were there. [LISTEN NOW]
		20260508	20260509 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. The story of our times told by the people who were there. [LISTEN NOW]
		20260511	20260512 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. The story of our times told by the people who were there. [LISTEN NOW]
	\u00d6tzi: The Iceman Of Bolzano	20260130	20260131 (WS)	In September 1991, two German hikers found a dead body while walking through Europe's Ötzal Alps. It turned out to be a perfectly preserved 5,000-year-old mummy. The archaeologist Konrad Spindler inspected the body along with the assemblage of items recovered from the gravesite. A person of this age had never been found before in such exceptional condition. They'd lived during the transition between the stone and copper ages, and provided a snapshot into early human culture, medicine and genetics. Hunter Chjarlton tells the story through archive interviews with the archaeologist Konrad Spindler and forensic pathologist Rainer Henn who were involved in recovering, analysing and preserving the mummy. An Ember production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The hikers with the mummy they discovered in September 1991. Credit:Paul Hanny/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) In September 1991, two German hikers found a 5,000-year-old mummy in a glacier The story of our times, told by the people who were there In September 1991, two German hikers found a perfectly preserved 5,000-year-old mummy in a glacier in Europe's Ötzal Alps. [LISTEN NOW]
	11m: The Day Madrid Was Bombed	20240311	20240312 (WS)	A regular morning turned into a day of nightmares for Spanish commuters on 11 March 2004. In the space of minutes, 10 bombs detonated on trains around Madrid, killing nearly 200 and injuring more than 1,800. With a general election three days away, the political fall-out was dramatic. In 2014, two politicians from opposite sides told Mike Lanchin about that terrible day – and what happened next. (Photo: The wreckage of a commuter train. Credit: Bruno Vincent/Getty Images) Nearly 200 died when Spanish commuter trains were bombed in 2004 Nearly 200 died and more than 1,800 were injured when 10 bombs were set off in Madrid in 2004.
	1968 New York City Teachers' Strike	20250130	20250131 (WS)	A series of unprecedented teachers' strikes temporarily shut most of New York's schools in the late 1960s, provoked by an ongoing dispute over whether parents could have a say in the running of their children's schools. ‘Community control' over the city's schools was a divisive issue at the time, part of the civil rights and Black Power movement, in the USA. Linda Mannheim spoke to Monifa Edwards, who was a pupil at a school in the district of Ocean Hill-Brownsville, a name that became synonymous with the struggle over who controlled the local schools: the communities or the mainly white city officials. A CTVC production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Ocean Hill-Brownsville Governing Board and supporters march over the Brooklyn Bridge in March 1969. Credit: David Fenton) In 1968, more than 50,000 teachers went on strike in New York City, in the USA The 1968 conflict that erupted over the demand by mainly black or Latino parents for a say in how their children's schools were run. [LISTEN NOW]
	'1984': The Commercial That Changed Advertising	20240531	20240601 (WS)	Forty years ago, a Hollywood director, some tech revolutionaries and a group of London skinheads created a commercial that would rock the advertising world. Based on George Orwell's dystopic novel ‘1984', and launched in the same year, the ad was like nothing that had been seen before. But its road to being shown was rocky, and the beleaguered advert almost never made it air. Mike Murray was Apple marketing manager at the time, he speaks to Molly Pipe. (Photo: Steve Jobs in a room of computers in 1984. Credit: Michael L Abramson/Getty Images) Forty years ago, a revolutionary advert played at America's Super Bowl
	50 Years Of Abba	20240401		It's 50 years since Swedish pop group ABBA won the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest. The victory provided a platform for the band to become one of the most popular and successful musical groups of all time. ABBA's current manager, Görel Hanser, has been with them every step of the way. In a rare interview, she speaks to Matt Pintus about the band's meteoric rise to stardom. She also talks about ABBA's break-up, the rumour that they were offered $1 billion to get back together and whether ABBA Voyage will move to a new country.
	9-11: The Generosity Of Gander	20250911	20250912 (WS)	On 11 September, 2001, a small Canadian town called Gander became a haven for thousands of airline passengers and crew stranded after the 9/11 terror attacks. The attacks on the World Trade Center had forced the closure of US airspace leaving many flights unable to land. Within hours, 38 planes with 7,000 passengers, had been diverted to Gander, effectively doubling the town's population. But what happened next showcased the extraordinary kindness and generosity of the Newfoundlanders. For five days, local residents provided beds, food, medicine and clothing for those stranded during the crisis, and didn't ask for a cent. They even put on music evenings, barbecues and canoe trips to keep their visitors entertained. Beverley Bass, one of the plane captains, tells Jane Wilkinson about Gander's extraordinary hospitality during one of the most traumatic events in modern history. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Passengers and crew at Gander airfield, 2001. Credit: Town of Gander) The small Canadian town that helped diverted passengers after the 9/11 terror attacks. The story of our times, told by the people who were there On September 11, 2001, a small Canadian town called Gander became a haven for thousands of airline passengers and crew stranded after the 9/11 terror attacks On 11 September, 2001, a small Canadian town called Gander became a haven for thousands of airline passengers and crew stranded after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. For five days, local residents provided beds, food, medicine and clothing for those stranded during the crisis, and didn't ask for a penny. They even put on music evenings, barbecues and canoe trips to keep their visitors entertained. A Canadian town hosted 7000 airline passengers stranded after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. On September 11, 2001, a small Canadian town called Gander became a haven for thousands of airline passengers and crew stranded after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. A Canadian town hosted 7000 airline passengers stranded after the 9/11 terror attacks. [LISTEN NOW]
	A Chorus Line	20250725	20250726 (WS)	It's 50 years since theatre history was made - the premiere of A Chorus Line. It was seen as a seminal moment, turning the spotlight on the people who make the show for the first time. Baayork Lee tells Josephine McDermott how she played Connie Wong in the original production. Like many of the first cast, her true life experiences made it into the show which was developed in workshops by director and choreographer Michael Bennett. Baayork Lee describes “the buzz ? the musical generated soon after opening in a small venue off Broadway on 21 May, 1975, with everyone from singer Diana Ross and former first lady Jackie Kennedy Onassis to comedian Groucho Marx vying for seats. Two months later, on 27 July, the show transferred to Broadway. It won nine Tony Awards and became one of the longest-running shows on Broadway. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: A Chorus Line at the Shubert Theatre. Credit: Richard Corkery/NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images) Broadway hit A Chorus Line premieres in 1975 The story of our times, told by the people who were there A Chorus Line was the first Broadway hit to turn the spotlight on the supporting dancers to tell their stories about trying to make it in show business. [LISTEN NOW]
	A Greek Coup: The Day The Colonels Took Power	20231206	20231207 (WS)	On 21 April 1967, a group of right-wing army officers seized power in Greece to prevent the election of a social democratic government led by veteran politician George Papandreou. The dictatorship, backed by the United States, lasted for seven years. Thousands of people were imprisoned, exiled and tortured. The grandson of that politician, also called George, was 14 at the time. He went on to be elected as Greece's prime minister in 2009. In February 2012, George Papandreou Junior spoke to Maria Margaronis about the night when tanks rolled through Athens and soldiers came to arrest his father. Archive audio is used by permission of ERT, the Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation. Archival audio used by permission of ERT, the Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation. (Photo: George Papandreou Sr. Credit: AP) In 1967, army officers seized power in Greece in a US-backed coup In 1967, a group of right-wing army officers seized control in Greece to prevent the election of a socialist prime minister, George Papandreou. (Photo: The younger George Papandreou in 2011. Credit: Simon Dawson/Bloomberg/Getty Images)
	Abebech Gobena: Africa's 'mother Teresa'	20240912	20240913 (WS)	In 1980, Abebech Gobena was on a pilgrimage to Wollo in Ethiopia, when she witnessed the devastating effects of a severe famine and drought, one of the worst in the country's history. Within a year she had rescued 21 orphans and brought them to live with her in Addis Ababa. The organisation she founded, AGOHELD, has since raised thousands of Ethiopian orphans. Dan Hardoon speaks to Hannah Merkana, one of the children raised in the orphanage, who considers herself one of Abebech's daughters. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Abebech Gobena in 2013 at AGOHELD orphanage. Credit: Sean Gallup/Getty Images) In 1980, Abebech Gobena founded an orphanage in Ethiopia to save children from starvation Abebech Gobena saved thousands of Ethiopian children from starvation by founding an orphanage, which became one of the country's largest. [LISTEN NOW]
	Adi Dassler's Sports Shoe Obsession	20240522	20240523 (WS)	How the Dassler brothers created two global sportswear firms. In 1948, Adi and Rudi Dassler who lived in a small German town fell out. They went on to set up Adidas and Puma. Adi Dassler played a crucial role in West Germany's victory in the 1954 World Cup with his game-changing footwear. In 2022, Reena Stanton-Sharma spoke to Adi's daughter Sigi Dassler, who remembers her dad's obsession with sports shoes and talks about her fondness for rappers Run-DMC, who paid tribute to her dad's shoes in their 1986 song My Adidas. How an argument between the Dassler brothers led to the creation of Adidas and Puma A family feud in 1948 between Adi and Rudi Dassler led to sportswear firms Adidas and Puma being created. Adi's daughter, Sigi Dassler, remembers his obsession with sports shoes.
	Afghan Star	20260116	20260117 (WS)	In 2005, a new show was launched on television in Afghanistan to find new musical talent – it was called Afghan Star and was inspired by formats like American Idol and the X-Factor. The programme came after the music industry in Afghanistan had been decimated under the Taliban between 1996 and 2001. Music has been culturally important in Afghan history, however, playing music and musical instruments had been banned whilst the Taliban were in power. Jahid Mohseni was the development producer for Afghan Star, he has been speaking to Tim O'Callaghan. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The first season of Afghan Star. Credit: MOBY Media Group) In 2005, a TV show to find new musical talent was launched in Afghanistan The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2005, a TV show to find new musical talent was launched in Afghanistan, inspired by formats like American Idol and the X-Factor. [LISTEN NOW]
	Africa's Stolen Metis Children	20250228	20250301 (WS)	In 1953, in what was then the Belgian Congo, four-year-old Marie-José Loshi was forcibly removed from her family's village and taken more than 600km away to live in a Catholic institute. The cause of her kidnapping was the colour of her skin. Under Belgium's colonial rule, thousands of mixed-race children were taken from their homes and separated from their families. The state hoped the actions would quash any sense of revolt against the colony. More than 70 years later, Marie-José and four other women took on the former colonial power, seeking justice for themselves and the many other mixed-race children that suffered the same fate. She speaks to Kaine Pieri. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Marie-José Loshi. Credit: Marie-José Loshi) In 1953, Marie-Jose Loshi was forcibly taken from her family because of her skin colour The story of our times, told by the people who were there Under Belgium's colonial rule, thousands of children were forcibly removed from their families because of the colour of their skin. [LISTEN NOW]
	Africa's Worst Stadium Disaster	20260507	20260508 (WS)	On 9th May 2001, 127 people died and dozens more were injured at the Accra Stadium in Ghana. It is Africa's worst football stadium tragedy. The disaster happened at the end of a match between Asante Kotoko and Hearts of Oak. Police fired tear gas after angry fans threw chairs onto the pitch. It caused a stampede. Herbert Mensah was the Asante Kotoko chairman at the time and speaks to Jen Dale about his recollections of that day. This programme contains distressing details. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Residents look at the empty Accra stadium after the stampede. Credit: Photo by Issouf Sanogo/AFP via Getty Images) In May 2001, 127 people died after a stampede at a football match in the Ghanaian capital The story of our times, told by the people who were there In May 2001, 127 people died after a stampede when police shot tear gas at football fans at the Accra Stadium in Ghana. [LISTEN NOW]
	Agatha Christie: Best-selling Novelist Of All Time	20260123	20260124 (WS)	On 12 January 1976, author Agatha Christie died peacefully, aged 85. She created the detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple. By the time of her death, Christie had written more than 80 books. Most of her works were detective novels but she also wrote romances, short stories, poetry and plays. In 2015, Louise Hidalgo spoke to her grandson, Mathew Prichard. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: English detective novelist, Agatha Christie. Credit: Bettman/Getty Images) In January 1976, author Agatha Christie died aged 85 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In January 1976, author Agatha Christie died peacefully, aged 85. [LISTEN NOW]
	Ai Weiwei: Imprisoned For Art	20250630	20250701 (WS)	In 2008, an earthquake in China's Sichuan province killed almost 90,000 people. Many were crushed when school buildings collapsed, exposing their poor construction quality. To counter perceived government suppression of information, the artist Ai Weiwei made an artwork from 90 tonnes of steel bars salvaged from the schools' wreckage. In 2011, Ai Weiwei was detained in harsh conditions for 81 days and banned from leaving China. While his official charge was tax evasion, his detention was widely viewed as a response to his activism. But the artwork, Straight, became a global sensation. Ai Weiwei tells the story to Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Ai Weiwei in front of his artwork, Straight. Credit: Leon Neal/AFP via Getty Images) In 2011, the Chinese artist was detained for 81 days The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2008, an earthquake in China's Sichuan province killed almost 90,000 people. In response, Ai Weiwei made an artwork, Straight, but he was detained for 81 days. In 2008, an earthquake in China's Sichuan province killed tens of thousands of people, including more than 5,000 children. Many were crushed when school buildings collapsed, exposing their poor construction quality. To counter perceived government suppression of information, the artist Ai Weiwei salvaged around 200 tonnes of steel bars from the wreckage of the schools and created a memorial artwork to the victims. In 2011, Ai Weiwei was imprisoned in harsh conditions for 81 days and banned from leaving China. While his official charge was tax evasion, his detention was widely viewed as a response to his activism. But the artwork, Straight, became a global sensation. Ai Weiwei tells the story to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	Al Jazeera Three: Imprisoned In Egypt	20231221	20231222 (WS)	In 2014 three journalists were sentenced to seven years in jail in Egypt. Peter Greste, Mohammed Fahmy and Baher Mohamed became known as the Al Jazeera Three. The jail terms handed out to them led to an international outcry as protesters called for press freedom. Peter Greste tells his compelling story to Gill Kearsley. (Photo: Peter Greste inside the defendants' cage. Credit: Khaled Desouki/AFP via Getty Images) There was an international outcry in 2014 when three journalists were imprisoned in Egypt There was outrage across the world in 2014 as three Al Jazeera journalists were sentenced to seven years in jail in Egypt. Protesters called for press freedom.
	Angela Merkel Suspends Eu Asylum Rules In 2015	20251118	20251119 (WS)	In the summer of 2015, there was a surge in the number of people from Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq, seeking asylum in Europe. Social Democrat politician Aydan Özoğuz was Angela Merkel's minister of state concerned with immigration, refugees and integration from 2013 to 2018. She describes to Josephine McDermott visiting her father's home city of Kilis in Turkey, near the Syrian border in 2015, where refugees were being sheltered. And she recalls the motivation for Mrs Merkel's decision to suspend the EU's Dublin Regulation, which temporarily allowed free passage for Syrian asylum seekers, but drew opposition from critics. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: A migrant from Syria holds a picture of Angela Merkel as he arrives at a railway station in Munich. Credit: Sean Gallup/Getty Images) In August 2015, Germany suspended asylum rules amid a steep rise in migration to Europe The story of our times, told by the people who were there German chancellor Angela Merkel's minister of state for immigration describes the moment in 2015 when Germany temporarily suspended asylum rules for Syrians fleeing war. [LISTEN NOW]
	Anna Akhmatova: The Poet Who Defied A Regime	20231213		The great Russian poet Anna Akhmatova lived through some of the darkest chapters of Soviet history, but never stopped writing even though the communist regime repeatedly tried to silence her. One of Anna's most famous poems, Requiem, is about her son's arrest and the Stalinist terror. In 2022, art historian Era Korobova told Tatyana Movshevich about the poet's tumultuous relationship with her son. (Photo: Anna Akhmatova, centre right, at a Soviet writers' conference in 1965. Credit: Getty Images) How the great poet kept writing even through the darkest days of Soviet history Anna Akhmatova fought to keep writing despite repeated attempts from the Soviet regime to silence her. The great Russian poet Anna Akhmatova lived through some of the darkest chapters of Soviet history, but never stopped writing even though the communist regime repeatedly tried to silence her. One of Anna's most famous poems, Requiem, is about her son's arrest and the Stalinist terror.
	Anthony Bourdain's Don't Eat Before Reading This	20260327	20260328 (WS)	In April 1999, Anthony Bourdain's essay Don't Eat Before Reading This was published. It was an unfiltered look into restaurant kitchen culture. It launched his career as a celebrity chef. He changed the way television told stories about food. Surya Elango speaks to Philip Lajaunie, his friend and former boss at Les Halles restaurant, in New York. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Chef Anthony Bourdain. Credit: Fairfax Media via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there Anthony Bourdain's essay Don't Eat Before Reading This was published in April 1999. It launched his career as a celebrity chef. [LISTEN NOW]
	Anthony Bourdain's 'don't Eat Before Reading This'	20260327		In April 1999, Anthony Bourdain's essay 'Don't Eat Before Reading This' was published. It was an unfiltered look into restaurant kitchen culture. It launched his career as a celebrity chef. He changed the way television told stories about food. Surya Elango speaks to Philip Lajaunie, his friend and former boss at Les Halles. (Photo: Chef Anthony Bourdain. Credit: Fairfax Media via Getty Images) Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. The story of our times, told by the people who were there Anthony Bourdain's essay 'Don't Eat Before Reading This' was published in April 1999. It launched his career as a celebrity chef. [LISTEN NOW]
	Apollo 13	20240905	20240906 (WS)	On 13 April 1970, a Moon mission almost ended in tragedy, after an explosion on board the spaceship. Fred Haise was one of the Apollo 13 astronauts. In 2010, he spoke to Richard Howells about how they managed to get back to Earth against the odds. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Three of the crew members of Apollo 13, from left: Fred Haise, Jim Lovell and Ken Mattingly. Credit: Bettmann via Getty Images) In 1970, a Moon mission almost ended in tragedy after an explosion on board the spaceship
	Ardi: The Oldest Skeleton Of A Human Ancestor	20240911	20240912 (WS)	In 1994, a college student called Yohannes Haile Selassie unearthed a 4.4 million-year-old skeleton in Ethiopia. She was the first near-complete skeleton of a species of human ancestor called Ardipithecus ramidus. The paleoanthropologists who discovered her called her Ardi. The discovery upended how scientists view human evolution. Yohannes Haile Selassie speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Yohannes Haile Selassie in the Afar desert, Ethiopia. Credit: CMNH/Woranso-Mille Project) In 1994, a college student discovered a 4.4 million-year-old skeleton in Ethiopia In 1994, a college student called Yohannes Haile Selassie unearthed a 4.4 million-year-old skeleton in Ethiopia. The discovery upended how scientists view human evolution. (Photo: Yohannes Haile Selassie in the Afar desert, Ethiopia. Credit: Woranso-Mille project) [LISTEN NOW]
	Argentina's Five Presidents In Two Weeks	20240821	20240822 (WS)	In 2001, Argentina suffered an economic catastrophe so severe the country went through five leaders in two weeks. On the streets police engaged in battles with protestors. Eduardo Duhalde was the fifth President tasked with pulling his country back from the brink. He speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Eduardo Duhalde. Credit: Rafael Wollmann/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) In 2001, Argentina went through a remarkable political crisis In 2001, Argentina suffered an economic catastrophe so severe the country went through five leaders in two weeks. Eduardo Duhalde was the fifth President.
	Argentina's National Genetics Bank Created To Identify Stolen Babies	20250709	20250710 (WS)	In 1982, Argentine geneticist Victor Penchaszadeh was living in exile in New York when he received a call that would change the course of his career. Two founding members of the campaign group, the Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo, were asking for his help to find their kidnapped grandchildren. Between 1976 and 1983, Argentina was under military rule. During this period, thousands of mainly young, left-wing people were forcibly disappeared - taken to clandestine detention centres, where many were tortured and killed. Hundreds of babies were born in captivity. Their mothers were later murdered, and the children were often given to families with ties to the regime - and never told their true identities. The Grandmothers travelled the world, desperately asking scientists one question: Without the presence of the parents, could their blood be used to identify their lost grandchildren? Dr Penchaszadeh was the first to say yes. He tells Vicky Farncombe how that answer led to the creation of the world's first national genetic data bank—and the eventual reunion of 139 grandchildren with their real families. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Estela de Carlotto is reunited with her lost grandchild Ignacio Hurban. Credit: Reuters) In 1984, Argentine grandmothers started using genetics to find their lost grandchildren The story of our times, told by the people who were there In the 1980s, grandmothers in Argentina championed the study of genetics in their quest to identify their kidnapped grandchildren. [LISTEN NOW]
	Argentina's Trial Of The Juntas	20250707	20250708 (WS)	In 1985, Argentina's former military leaders were put on trial accused of kidnapping, torturing and murdering thousands of their own people. The ‘trial of the juntas' was the first major prosecution of war crimes since the Nuremberg trials following World War Two. Between 1976 and 1983, around 30 thousand people disappeared or were murdered in Argentina during the so-called Dirty War. Military leaders claimed the victims were left wing guerrillas plotting terrorist attacks against their dictatorships, but most weren't terrorists. They were trade unionists or protesters opposing the regime. Luis Moreno Ocampo was an assistant prosecutor during the trial and spoke to Jane Wilkinson about the case. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Prosecutor Luis Moreno Ocampo speaking at the trial, 1985 Credit: AFP/AFP via Getty Images) In 1985 Argentina's ex-leaders were accused of torturing and murdering their own people The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1985 Argentina's ex-leaders were accused of torturing and murdering thousands of their own people. It was the first major prosecution of war crimes since the Nuremberg trials. [LISTEN NOW]
	Arrested For ''immorality'' In South Africa	20240925	20240926 (WS)	Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. In 1969, a white man and an Indian woman were put on trial in South Africa for conspiring to have sex. Dr Zureena Desai and Professor John Blacking were the most high profile couple to be arrested under the Immorality Act. Their case made headlines all over the world and made a laughing stock of South Africa's ruling National Party and its racist regime. Dr Desai tells Vicky Farncombe about the ridiculous lengths police officers went to in order to gather evidence against the couple, including climbing trees and listening at ventilation shafts. “Young people born after 1994 don't remember what South Africa was like, ? she says. “People died. And people were arrested for fatuous reasons. ? (Photo: Dr Zureena Desai. Credit: Abrie Jantjies) Dr Zureena Desai was arrested in South Africa for breaking the Immorality Act Dr Zureena Desai and Professor John Blacking were arrested under South Africa's Immorality Act, which banned sexual relationships between white people and non-white people. [LISTEN NOW]
	Arrested For Playing Football In Brazil	20240712		Like many young children growing up in Brazil in the 1960s and 1970s, Dilma Mendes had one dream: to play football for her country. There was just one problem. It was illegal for women in Brazil to play football at that time, a law that came into force in 1941 - and lasted nearly 40 years. Dilma lost count of the amount of times she was arrested and taken to the police station for playing football. She tells Vicky Farncombe the confusion and fear she felt as a child. 'I did not understand why people didn't allow me to do something which I loved so much. She also describes the ingenious ways she hid from the police officers. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Assassination Of Malcolm X	20250221	20250222 (WS)	Sixty years ago, on 21st February 1965, the controversial black leader, Malcolm X, was assassinated in Harlem, New York as he was preparing to speak there. In 2011, Simon Watts spoke to Herman Ferguson who was one of the people who was in the audience that day. This programme contains outdated racial language that may offend. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Malcolm X speaks in Harlem six days before he was shot to death. Credit: Bill Quinn/NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images) In 1965, the controversial black leader, Malcolm X, was assassinated in New York The story of our times, told by the people who were there Please note, this programme contains some outdated racial language that may offend. [LISTEN NOW]
	Australian Republic Referendum	20241220	20241221 (WS)	On 6 November 1999, voters in Australia were asked if they wanted to break ties with the British monarchy and become a republic. The No campaign won with 55% of the vote. Rachel Naylor speaks to former Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, who was chair of the Australian Republican Movement and leader of the Yes campaign, and Prof David Flint, the national convenor of Australians for a Constitutional Monarchy. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Monarchists celebrate the referendum result in Sydney. Credit: Torsten Blackwood/AFP via Getty Images) On 6 November 1999, voters in Australia were asked if they wanted to become a republic [LISTEN NOW]
	Austria's Wine Scandal	20260205	20260206 (WS)	In 1985, government scientists discovered anti-freeze in bottles of fine Austrian wine. No one died or fell ill from drinking the poisoned wine, but the scandal nearly destroyed the country's wine-making industry. In 2015, Susan Hulme spoke to Heidi Schroek, a young Austrian wine-maker at the time. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Vineyards in Sulztal, Austria. Credit: Franz Marc Frei/Getty) In 1985, scientists discovered poisonous anti-freeze in bottles of fine Austrian wine The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1985, Austria's wine-making industry was nearly destroyed after scientists discovered some bottles contained poisonous anti-freeze. [LISTEN NOW]
	Axis Sally: World War Ii Traitor Who Broadcast For The Nazis	20240123	20240124 (WS)	In 1949, Mildred Gillars – otherwise known as Axis Sally – became the first woman in American history to be convicted of treason. The former Broadway showgirl broadcast antisemitic Nazi propaganda on German State Radio during World War Two. Her weekly shows were heard by thousands of American servicemen who gave her the nickname Axis Sally. After her capture, she denied being a traitor, but a jury in Washington convicted her of treason, and she served 12 years in prison. Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the BBC archives to uncover her story. (Photo: Mildred Gillars. Credit: Bettmann, Getty Images) Mildred Gillars became the first woman in American history to be convicted of treason In 1949, Mildred Gillars became the first woman in American history to be convicted of treason. She broadcast anti-semitic Nazi propaganda on German radio during World War Two.
	Back To The Future	20250703	20250704 (WS)	On 3 July 1985 Back to the Future was released. The film tells the story of Marty McFly, a 17-year-old high school student, played by Michael J Fox, who is accidentally sent 30 years into the past in a time-travelling DeLorean car invented by his friend, Doc Brown. The screenplay for the genre-bending story was rejected 40 times, but it became a Hollywood blockbuster, dominating contemporary culture and bringing its leading actor worldwide fame. The film's co-writer and producer, Bob Gale takes Josephine McDermott back to 1985. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. On 3 July 1985, the hit film Back to the Future was released The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 3 July 1985, the time-travel comedy adventure movie starring Michael J Fox as Marty McFly hit the big screen. [LISTEN NOW]
	Baghdad Heavy Metal	20240516		In the late 1990s, a heavy metal band called Acrassicauda formed in Iraq, when the country was under the dictatorship of Saddam Hussein. Over the next decade, the pioneering band found themselves on a collision course with the dictatorship militants and the west. The band was able to get inspiration from various bootleg tapes of heavy metal's greatest acts. Acrassicauda performed under Saddam's regime, but because of censorship restrictions, they had to write a song that praised the dictator. Johnny I'Anson speaks to bass player, Firas Al-Lateef.
	Bardo Museum Attack In Tunisia	20250314	20250315 (WS)	On 18 March 2015, 22 people, mostly foreign tourists, were killed at the Bardo National Museum in Tunis, the capital of Tunisia. Hamadi Ben Abdesslem, a tour guide who led tourists to safety, tells Anouk Millet what it was like that day. A Whistledown production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Bardo Museum after attack. Credit: Amine Landoulsi/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images). In March 2015, 22 people were killed when two gunmen stormed the building The story of our times, told by the people who were there In March 2015, 22 people, mostly foreign tourists, were killed at the museum in Tunis, in an attack by two gunmen. [LISTEN NOW]
	Bardo National Museum Attack	20250314	20250315 (WS)	On 18 March 2015, 22 people, mostly foreign tourists, were killed at the Bardo National Museum in Tunis, the capital of Tunisia. Hamadi Ben Abdesslem, a tour guide who led tourists to safety, tells Anouk Millet what it was like that day. A Whistledown production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Bardo Museum after attack. Credit: Amine Landoulsi/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images). In March 2015, 22 people, mostly foreign tourists, were killed at the museum in Tunis, in an attack by two gunmen. It was the worst terror attack in the country in over a decade. Anouk Millet speaks to Hamadi Ben Abdesslem, a tour guide who led tourists to safety that day. A Whistledown production. [LISTEN NOW]
	Bata: Pioneering Shoemakers	20240520	20240521 (WS)	Bata was a Czech company which pioneered assembly line shoemaking and sold affordable footwear around the world. The factory near London became key to its expansion. In 2018, Dina Newman spoke to one of its senior engineers, Mick Pinion, about the company's remarkable history, including how it sold millions of shoes in Africa and Asia. (Photo: mobile shoe shop selling Bata shoes. Credit: Getty Images) A Czech company called Bata pioneered assembly line shoemaking How a Czech company called Bata pioneered assembly line shoemaking and sold affordable footwear around the world.
	Bataclan Attack In Paris	20251113	20251114 (WS)	On 13 November 2015, 90 people were shot dead by gunmen at the Bataclan theatre in France during an Eagles of Death Metal concert. A further 40 people were killed in co-ordinated terror attacks by jihadists across the city on the same night. Rachel Naylor speaks to British couple Justine Merton-Scott and Tony Scott, who managed to escape the venue by climbing out of a skylight. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: A Parisian holds a flower towards the Bataclan on the anniversary of the attack in 2021. Credit: Kiran Ridley / Getty Images) On 13 November 2015, 90 people were shot dead at the Bataclan theatre in France The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 13 November 2015, 90 people were shot dead at the Bataclan theatre in France during an Eagles of Death Metal concert. [LISTEN NOW]
	Battle Of Gallipoli	20260109	20260110 (WS)	The Battle of Gallipoli was one of the deadliest in World War One. Among the 40,000 dead was a large contingent of Australian and New Zealand troops who became known as the Anzacs. Soldier Rupert Westmacott was injured and shared his memories with the BBC. Professor of Australian history, Carl Bridge, spoke to Simon Watts in 2012. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Soldiers landing at Gallipoli. Credit: Sepia Times/Universal Images Group via Getty Images) A New Zealand soldier's account of surviving one of the worst battles of World War One The story of our times, told by the people who were there More than 40,000 men were killed during the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915. New Zealand soldier Rupert Westmacott was injured and recalled one of the worst battles of World War One. [LISTEN NOW]
	Birth Of The G7	20251111	20251112 (WS)	In November 1975, a summit took place at Rambouillet, France, where the heads of six of the world's most industrialised nations and their finance ministers came together. The leaders of the US, France, Germany, Britain, Japan and Italy hoped to solve the ongoing economic crisis. The summit marked the birth of an institution now known as the G7. France's former Finance Minister, Jean-Pierre Fourcade, was at the conference. He speaks to Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The closing session of the summit at Rambouillet Castle. Credit: AFP via Getty images) In November 1975, leaders of six nations met in France to solve an economic crisis The story of our times, told by the people who were there In November 1975, the leaders of six industrialised nations met for a summit to solve an economic crisis. It marked the birth of the G7 forum. [LISTEN NOW]
	Bo: The Death Of A 65,000-year-old Language	20250218	20250219 (WS)	In 2010, one of the oldest languages in the world died after the death of its last remaining speaker. For 40 years, Boa Senior from the Indian Andaman Islands was the only person who spoke the Bo language. She died, aged 85. Leading up to her death, linguist Professor Anvita Abbi spent years attempting to learn the dying language. Without family or friends who understood her, Boa took to speaking to birds – she said they were her ancestors. Eventually she opened up to Anvita, singing songs and sharing ancient tales. Anvita was the first and last person to record Boa's voice. She talks to Natasha Fernandes about her death and how it changed a whole way of life. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Boa Senior in a tsunami relief camp in 2005. Credit: Anvita Abbi) In 2010, one of the oldest languages died after the death of its last remaining speaker. In 2010, one of the oldest languages died after the death of its last remaining speaker. Leading up to her death, Professor Anvita Abbi spent years trying to learn the language. [LISTEN NOW]
	Bo: The Death Of A Language	20250218	20250219 (WS)	In 2010, one of the oldest languages in the world died after the death of its last remaining speaker. For 40 years, Boa Senior from the Indian Andaman Islands was the only person who spoke the Bo language. She died, aged 85. Leading up to her death, linguist Professor Anvita Abbi spent years attempting to learn the dying language. Without family or friends who understood her, Boa took to speaking to birds – she said they were her ancestors. Eventually she opened up to Anvita, singing songs and sharing ancient tales. Anvita was the first and last person to record Boa's voice. She talks to Natasha Fernandes about her death and how it changed a whole way of life. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Boa Senior in a tsunami relief camp in 2005. Credit: Anvita Abbi) In 2010, one of the oldest languages died after the death of its last remaining speaker. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2010, one of the oldest languages died after the death of its last remaining speaker. Leading up to her death, Professor Anvita Abbi spent years trying to learn the language. [LISTEN NOW]
	Boko Haram Massacre In Gwoza	20240611	20240612 (WS)	In 2014, Boko Haram militants drove into Gwoza in north-east Nigeria and began an assault that would leave hundreds of people dead. Ruoyah, who was just 14, hid in her house for eight hours under continuous fire. She says when she finally opened the door to leave her house she says: 'There were corpses everywhere, we even saw the corpse of our neighbour in our front door. Ruoyah managed to escape to Cameroon, but her sister was kidnapped by Boko Haram militants. She was taken into the Sambisa forest where she was forced to marry a militant and starved. A few months later, Boko Haram's leader unilaterally declared that Gwoza was a caliphate. Ruoyah now lives in an internally displaced persons camp, she speaks to Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty. Archive credit: Channels Television. (Photo: Credit: ) In 2014, Boko Haram drove into Gwoza in Nigeria and began an assault that killed hundreds
	Bolivia's First Indigenous President	20250219	20250220 (WS)	In December 2005, Evo Morales made history in Bolivia when he became the country's first indigenous president. The country is one of the poorest in South America and has the highest proportion of indigenous people on the continent – they had been marginalised for centuries. His election came after years of protests over the destruction of coca leaf crops and the privatisation of the country's oil and gas reserves. Tim O'Callaghan speaks to Bolivia's former Vice President À?lvaro García Linera. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Evo Morales. Credit: Reuters) The election of Evo Morales in 2005 was a historic first for the South American country. The story of our times, told by the people who were there The election of Evo Morales in 2005 as Bolivia's first indigenous president was a historic moment for the South American country. [LISTEN NOW]
	Bonga Kwenda: Music Banned In Angola And Portugal	20241024	20241025 (WS)	Star athlete, Jose Adelino Barceló de Carvalho, abandoned his career in 1972 to follow his one true passion, music. After growing up under Portuguese colonial rule, he became an outspoken supporter of Angolan independence, and used the pseudonym, Bonga Kwenda. He was later forced into exile in Rotterdam, in the Netherlands, where he recorded his first album. He went on to become a famous Angolan musician. He speaks with Marcia Veiga. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Bonga Kwenda. Credit: Judith Burrows/Getty Images) Outspoken supporter of Angolan independence, Bonga Kwenda was forced into exile in 1972 In 1972, Angolan singer and former athlete Jose Adelino Barceló de Carvalho, known as Bonga Kwenda, was forced into exile, where he recorded his first record. [LISTEN NOW]
	Borobudur Temple	20250812	20250813 (WS)	In 1983, Borobudur Temple in Indonesia reopened. The worlds' largest Buddhist monument is in the shadows of an active volcano and was once lost to the jungle. In 1973, major restoration work started on the temple. One of the workers on the project, Werdi, explains his role in the restoration and describes why the temple has left a deep impression on him. Presented by Gill Kearsley and produced by Daniel Raza. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Borobudur. Credit: David Cumming/Eye Ubiquitous/Universal Images Group via Getty Images) Borobudur Temple in Indonesia reopened in 1983, following a restoration project The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1983, Borobudur Temple the worlds' largest Buddhist monument reopened after undergoing major restoration work. [LISTEN NOW]
	Boxing Day's Deadly Tsunami- Indonesia	20241231	20250101 (WS)	An earthquake off the coast of Indonesia on Boxing day 2004, triggered a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean. The tragedy cost the lives of an estimated 230,000 people across 13 countries and islands and was one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded. Dendy Montgomery was living in the city of Banda Aceh in Indonesia which was laid waste by the disaster. He spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2013. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A man walks amongst through rubble in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Credit: BAY ISMOYO/AFP via Getty Images) In 2004, a deadly tsunami swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean On Boxing day 2004, an earthquake struck off the coast of Indonesia, triggering a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean. [LISTEN NOW]
	Brain: Pc Virus	20260112	20260113 (WS)	In 1986, 'Welcome to the dungeon' was the message that flashed up on computer screens. Brain is thought to be the first virus for personal computers. It spread around the world and became infamous when it was featured in newspapers and magazines. Amjad Farooq Alvi told Gill Kearsley in 2023 how he and his brother, Basit, came to develop this virus from their shop in Lahore, Pakistan. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: IBM PC Credit: Bettman/Getty) In 1986, what's thought to be the first computer virus spreads around the world The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1986, ‘Brain', thought to be the first virus for personal computers, spreads globally. It was developed accidentally by two brothers in Pakistan. [LISTEN NOW]
	Brazil's Biggest Bank Heist	20250807	20250808 (WS)	In August, 2005, a gang of robbers tunnelled their way into a Brazilian bank vault in a heist straight out of the movies. Three months before, the thieves had set up a landscaping business, Grama Sintetica - or Synthetic Grass, from a house close to the Banco Central in Fortaleza. But it was a plot to disguise their real activity. Working in shifts, they dug an 80 metre tunnel from the house, under a neighbouring street and into the vault before escaping with more than 160million reais, then the equivalent of $70million. Antonio Celso Dos Santos, then a federal police chief, was one of the detectives who tracked down the gang. He spoke to Jane Wilkinson about the investigation. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Police and journalists examine the Banco Central tunnel, 2005. Credit: Tuno Viera/AFP via Getty Images) In 2005, robbers tunnelled into a Brazilian bank in a heist straight out of the movies The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2005, robbers tunnelled into a Brazilian bank in a heist straight out of the movies. Working in shifts, they dug an 80m tunnel and escaped with the equivalent of $70million. [LISTEN NOW]
	Brazil's Electronic Voting	20241031	20241101 (WS)	In 1996, Brazil introduced a pioneering electronic voting system, revolutionising its election process. Carlos Velozo, an electoral lawyer and judge, played a pivotal role in implementing this system, which aimed to enhance security, integrity and accessibility in voting. The electronic voting machines were developed to make it easier for illiterate and semi-literate voters to participate in elections. Carlos Velozo speaks to Ashley Byrne, in this Made in Manchester production for BBC World Service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A resident of Sao Paulo carrying her baby learns how to vote on an electronic voting machine in 1998. Credit: Photo by Marie Hippenmeyer/AFP via Getty Images) In 1996, an electronic voting system in Brazil was used for the first time Brazil introduced an electronic voting system for the first time in 1996. It aimed to improve the security, integrity and accessibility of elections. [LISTEN NOW]
	Brazil's Landless Workers Movement	20240130	20240131 (WS)	In 1980, poor rural workers set up camp on land owned by the rich at Encruzilhada Natalino in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Brazil's government sent in the army to evict them and violent clashes followed. It was a formative moment in the history of one of Latin America's biggest social movements, Brazil's Landless Workers Movement (MST). Maria Salete Campigotto was a teacher living in the camp with her husband and young son. She speaks to Ben Henderson. (Photo: Brazil's Landless Workers Movement meeting. Credit: Patrick Siccoli/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) In 1980, poor rural workers occupied land owned by the rich and violent clashes followed In 1980, poor rural workers occupied land owned by the rich. Violent clashes followed. It was a formative moment in the history of one of Latin America's biggest social movements.
	Breaking The Sound Barrier	20251110	20251111 (WS)	On 14 October 1947, American Chuck Yeager became the first pilot to fly faster than the speed of sound. Despite having two broken ribs, Chuck reached Mach 1.06 – a speed of more than 1,100km per hour. He flew an orange, single-seated, rocket-powered Bell X-1, 13,000m above the Mojave Desert in California. This programme was produced and presented by Rachel Naylor, in collaboration with BBC Archives. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Captain Chuck Yeager standing next to the Bell X-1 at Muroc Army Air Force Base, California, in 1947. Credit: Underwood Archives / Getty Images) In 1947, Chuck Yeager became the first pilot to fly faster than the speed of sound The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Brenda Fassie: Madonna Of The Townships	20240425	20240426 (WS)	Brenda Fassie was one of South Africa's biggest pop stars in the late 1980s. The singer's career nosedived in 1990, but her comeback saw her dubbed the 'Madonna of the townships' by Time magazine. Yvonne Chaka Chaka, born a year after Brenda, was perhaps the only South African pop star who could rival her popularity. Twenty years ago, in 2004, Brenda died Yvonne celebrates Brenda's life with Ben Henderson. (Photo Brenda Fassie, a South African pop star, performing on stage. Credit :ALEXANDER JOE/AFP via Getty Images.) Brenda Fassie was a popular South African pop star, dubbed the 'Madonna of the townships In the late 1980s, Brenda Fassie was one of South Africa's biggest pop stars. The singer's career nosedived in 1990, but a comeback saw her dubbed the 'Madonna of the townships'.
	Britain's First Beach For Nudists	20240327	20240328 (WS)	In 1980, the seaside town of Brighton opened a very unusual attraction. It was the first British beach dedicated to nudists. The opening followed a passionate battle between two local politicians and caused controversy among some locals. In 2011, Madeleine Morris spoke to nudist enthusiasts and those who preferred to keep their clothes firmly on. (Photo: Deckchairs on Brighton beach. Credit: Then and Now Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images) In 1980, a seaside town opened a beach where people could strip off as they pleased In 1980, the seaside town of Brighton opened a beach where people could strip off as they pleased. It was the country's first site dedicated to nudists.
	Britain's Mirpuri Migration	20240325	20240326 (WS)	In 1967 a dam was built in Mirpur, Pakistan, that would spur a huge global migration. Water diverted by the dam forced around 100,000 people to leave their homes. Thousands migrated to the UK and today between 60% and 70% of Britain's Pakistani community descend from Mirpur, approximately one million people. Riyaz Begum was one of those who left Mirpur for London. She speaks to Ben Henderson. (Photo: Riyaz Begum at the Mangla Dam. Credit: Sabba Khan) In 1967, the Mangla Dam was built in Mirpur, Pakistan, spurring a huge global migration In 1967 a dam was built in Mirpur, Pakistan, that would spur a huge global migration. Riyaz Begum was one of those who left Mirpur for London.
	Building The Moscow Metro	20240725	20240726 (WS)	More than 10,000 Russian workers built the first line of the Moscow Metro which opened in 1935 to great fanfare. The spectacular stations were designed to show the world the power and possibility of Russian strength. Stalin wanted architects to design stations to be 'palaces for the people', with statues and structures built to make people look up and admire the marble walls, high ceilings and grand chandeliers. Now one of the busiest undergrounds in the world, Uma Doraiswamy goes through the archives and hears from Tatiana Fedorova, one of the workers who sometimes had to use her hands to dig the tunnels. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Sokolniki Metro station in Moscow in 1935. Credit: Getty Images) How the Moscow Metro was built using more than 10,000 Russian workers. More than 10,000 Russian workers built the first line of the Moscow Metro, which opened in 1935. Its grand stations were designed to show the world the strength of Stalinism.
	Building The New Afrika Shrine In Nigeria	20251202	20251203 (WS)	It's 25 years since the opening of the New Afrika Shrine, an open-air entertainment centre in Nigeria. A hub for Afrobeat music and culture, it's dedicated to the legacy of Fela Kuti who pioneered the genre. Omoyeni Anikulapo-Kuti, also known as Yeni Kuti, is Fela's eldest daughter. She speaks to Surya Elango about building the New Afrika Shrine. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Fela Kuti performing. Credit: Frans Schellekens/Redferns) The opening of the 'spiritual home of Afrobeat' in 2000 The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 15 October 2000, Fela Kuti's children opened the New Afrika Shrine to honour his legacy. [LISTEN NOW]
	Bush V Gore: The Election Decided In The Supreme Court	20240806	20240807 (WS)	The US presidential election of 2000 was one of the closest and most contested in history. It was more than a month before the result was decided after a Supreme Court decision. It all came down to the vote in Florida, where irregularities and technical problems added to the confusion. In the end it's thought there were just a few hundred votes in it but the result still divides opinion. Callie Shell was the official photographer for Al Gore's presidential campaign and documented the dramatic events behind closed doors in pictures. She tells Rebecca Kesby what it was like to be there. This programme was first broadcast in 2020. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Al Gore and George Bush. Credit: Getty Images) The US presidential election of 2000 was one of the most contested in history The US presidential election of 2000 was one of the closest and most contested in history. It was more than a month before the result was decided after a Supreme Court decision.
	Cabbage Patch Kids	20231127	20231128 (WS)	In 1983, all hell broke loose when a new toy hit stores in the United States. Cabbage Patch Kids were so popular that people were getting injured when they tried to buy them. But Martha Nelson Thomas, whose original design she said inspired the dolls, received little credit. She watched on as sales of the toys generated hundreds of millions of dollars. Martha's close friend, Meredith Ludwig, told Madeleine Drury the story of how the strange-looking dolls became such a sensation. (Photo: Martha Nelson Thomas with her doll babies. Credit: Guy Mendes) Christmas 1983 saw frenzied shoppers buy three million Cabbage Patch Kids In the 1980s, Cabbage Patch Kids became a worldwide sensation. They were also the subject of a legal battle.
	Cambodia War Crimes	20241001	20241002 (WS)	In 2009, a UN-backed war crimes tribunal opened in Cambodia to try the senior Khmer Rouge commanders responsible for genocide. An estimated two million people were killed during Pol Pot's regime in the 1970s. Aged 26, New Zealander Kerry Hamill was on a sailing trip with friends when he mistakenly found himself in Cambodian waters. He was taken to Tuol Sleng prison where thousands of people were tortured and murdered. In 2022 Kerry's brother, Rob Hamill, told Josephine McDermott how he testified against the infamous torturer Comrade Duch. (Photo: Kerry Hamill aboard his boat. Credit: Rob Hamill) Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. Kerry Hamill mistakenly sailed into Cambodian waters and was killed by the Khmer Rouge At a war crimes tribunal in 2009, Rob Hamill came face-to-face with Khmer Rouge commander, Comrade Duch, who was responsible for killing his brother. [LISTEN NOW]
	Cambodian Peace Walk	20231016	20231017 (WS)	In 1992, the first peace walk was held in Cambodia aimed at uniting a country torn apart by years of conflict. Buddhist monks, Cambodian refugees and aid workers set out on the 415 km journey which became known as the Dhammayietra – or the pilgrimage of truth. The hope was to reunite Cambodian refugees who had fled into Thailand during Pol Pot's brutal Marxist rule, with those people still living within Cambodia. Distrust and fear had built up on both sides but that began to melt away during the 30-day trek, as organiser Yeshua Moser-Puangsuwan tells Jane Wilkinson. (Photo: Dhammayietra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Credit: Romeo Gacad/AFP via Getty Images) In 1992, Cambodia held its first peace walk aimed at uniting a country torn apart by war In 1992, Cambodia held its first peace walk aimed at uniting a country torn apart by years of conflict. The 415km Dhammayietra was led by the Buddhist monk, Maha Ghosananda.
	Cameroon's Mysterious Lake Deaths	20231129	20231130 (WS)	On 21 August 1986, hundreds of villagers in a remote part of Cameroon mysteriously died overnight, along with 3,500 livestock. In the weeks-long investigation that followed, scientists tried to work out what had happened. How had hundreds died, but hundreds of others survived? In 2011, scientists Peter Baxter and George Kling told Tim Mansel how they cracked the case. (Photo: Dead cattle by the shore of Lake Nyos, Cameroon. Credit: Eric Bouvet/Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images) In 1986, remote parts of Cameroon were turned into ghost villages overnight In 1986, villagers in Cameroon awoke to find hundreds of their friends and neighbours had mysteriously died in the night.
	Camouflaging Leningrad	20240917	20240918 (WS)	It's 85 years since the start of World War Two. During the conflict, the Russian city of Leningrad came under siege in 1941. To camouflage the landmarks from enemy attack, a small group of mountaineers climbed up high with paint and canvas. Mikhail Bobrov was just 18 years old when he first got sent up the city's spires. Mikhail was speaking to Monica Whitlock in 2017. He died in 2018. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Leningrad. Credit: ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images) In 1941, landmarks were painted and covered in the Russian city during World War Two A small group of mountaineers risked their lives to camouflage churches and landmarks in the Russian city which was under siege during World War Two. [LISTEN NOW]
	Canada's First Ufo Landing Pad	20240826	20240827 (WS)	In 1967, the small town of St. Paul, Canada declared that they were a place that welcomed everyone, even the aliens. They did this by building a giant UFO landing pad hoping to attract intergalactic tourists. The timed it to coincide with Canada's centennial celebrations. Although most of the town saw it as a light hearted joke the driving force behind the alien parking space Margo Lagassee, was a firm believer in the outer space community. Paul Boisvert who was the part of the original crew behind the landing pad tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how St. Paul became a destination spot for extraterrestrial visitors. He also makes clear if aliens do descend on St. Paul he “would be pleased to feed them some Pierogi, Garlic Sausage and Pea Soup. ? Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Paul on the landing pad. Credit: Melissa Broadbent) In 1967, the town of St. Paul built Canada's first alien UFO landing pad They timed it to coincide with Canada's centennial celebrations. (Photo: Paul Boisvert on the landing pad. Credit: Melissa Broadbent)
	Car-free Sundays During The Global Oil Crisis	20260428	20260429 (WS)	In October 1973, the Netherlands was the only western European country to face a full oil embargo from the Organisation of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC. During the global oil crisis, they became the first country in Europe to introduce car-free Sundays with most private cars banned from public roads on Sundays. Wim Meijer was the State Secretary for Culture, Recreation and Social Work in the Den Uyl Labour Government. He speaks to Surya Elango. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Car-free Sundays in the Netherlands. Credit: Anefo Collection, Nationaal Archief) In October 1973, the Netherlands became the first country to introduce car-free Sundays The story of our times, told by the people who were there During the 1973 global oil crisis, the Netherlands started car-free Sundays after becoming the only country in western Europe to face a full oil embargo. [LISTEN NOW]
	Carlos Lamarca: From Army Captain To Brazil's 'most Wanted'	20240527	20240528 (WS)	In 1964, João Goulart, the president of Brazil, was overthrown in a military coup. In the repression which followed, hundreds of people were disappeared or killed, and many more detained and tortured. Carlos Lamarca was a captain who deserted the army and joined in the armed struggle against the military regime. He was shot dead in 1971. His friend and fellow fighter, João Salgado Lopes, tells Vicky Farncombe about their time together hiding in the Caatinga, the Brazilian outback. (Photo: Wanted poster of Carlos Lamarca. Credit: Memories of the Dictatorship) Hero or traitor? Carlos Lamarca deserted the Brazilian army to fight the military regime In 1971, former army captain Carlos Lamarca was shot dead by Brazil's military regime. His friend and fellow freedom fighter, João Salgado Lopes, looks back on his final moments.
	Casablanca: Making One Of Hollywood's Greatest Movies	20260313	20260314 (WS)	When Warner Bros assigned twin brothers and screenwriters Julius Epstein and Philip Epstein to adapt a stage play for the big screen in 1942, no one could have predicted the impact it would have. Casablanca has since become one of the most recognisable and quotable films of all time, firmly embedded in Hollywood history. But what appears effortless on screen was anything but behind the scenes. The last Leslie Epstein, son and nephew of Julius and Philip respectively, tells Louis Harnett O'Meara about the twins' hijinks and the challenges involved in the making of an all-time classic. An Ember production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman in Casablanca. Credit: United Achieves via Getty Image) In 1942, one of the most famous movies of all time, Casablanca, was released The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 26 November 1942, Casablanca premiered and went on to become one of the most recognisable and quoted films ever made in Hollywood. [LISTEN NOW]
	Castro's Cuban Revolution Attempt	20241209	20241210 (WS)	In 1953, Fidel Castro attempted to revolutionise Cuba by attacking military barracks. He failed, but it did mark the beginning of his career as a revolutionary. Michael Voss spoke to one of his comrades Agustin Diaz Cartaya in 2010. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Fidel Castro (second from right) with comrades during the preparation of the 1953 attack. Credit: FILES-PRENSA LATINA/AFP via Getty Images) Fidel Castro attempted to revolutionise Cuba in 1953, by attacking military barracks. Even though he failed, it marked the beginning of his career as a revolutionary. [LISTEN NOW]
	Cecil The Lion	20250629	20250701 20250701 (WS) 20250702 (WS)	On 1 July 2015, a much-loved lion was killed in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter. Black-maned Cecil was one of the star attractions at Hwange National Park. He was baited outside the park and shot with a bow. American dentist Walter Palmer, who reportedly paid a local guide $50,000 to shoot Cecil, was widely condemned. He said he didn't know Cecil was a known local favourite and had relied on the expertise of a local professional guide to carry out a legal hunt. He was cleared of any wrongdoing but the killing became international news and sparked a global debate about trophy hunting and its role in conservation. Prof Andrew Loveridge, who had been tracking Cecil for the Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, tells Vicky Farncombe about the moment he was told the lion had died. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Cecil the lion. Credit: Brent Stapelkamp) On 1 July 2015, Cecil, a popular lion, was shot in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 1 July 2015, Cecil, a much-loved lion, was shot in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter. It sparked a global debate about trophy hunting and its role in conservation. [LISTEN NOW]
	Ceefax: The Start Of Interactive Television	20241218	20241219 (WS)	In 1974, the BBC launched the world's first teletext service. It provided information, like news and weather, through our TV screens, whenever users wanted, at the push of a button. Rachel Naylor speaks to Angus McIntyre, son of the late Colin McIntyre, Ceefax's first editor. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Colin McIntyre, pictured with a television set showing Ceefax, in 1978. Credit: Evening Standard/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) [LISTEN NOW]
	Charles Taylor And The Blood Diamond Trial	20260226	20260227 (WS)	In 2008, the former President of Liberia, Charles Taylor, faced a courtroom in the Hague accused of war crimes. His trial would last more than three years at the UN-backed Special Court for Sierra Leone, and involve witness appearances by the supermodel Naomi Campbell and the Hollywood actress Mia Farrow. The 11 charges included rape, murder, violence and the use of child soldiers during the Sierra Leone civil war. It was claimed that Taylor traded in arms and ammunition in return for so-called blood diamonds. Chief prosecutor Brenda Hollis speaks to Jane Wilkinson about the trial which ended when Taylor was jailed for 50 years for aiding and abetting crimes against humanity. It's a story that includes descriptions of violence and sexual assault. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Charles Taylor in court, 2010. Credit: Vincent Jannink/AFP via Getty Images) In 2008 the ex-Liberian President Charles Taylor faced a courtroom accused of war crimes The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2008, the former President of Liberia, Charles Taylor, faced a courtroom in the Hague accused of war crimes. Among the witnesses at the trial was the supermodel Naomi Campbell. [LISTEN NOW]
	Charleston Church Shooting	20250615	20250617 20250617 (WS) 20250618 (WS)	On 17 June 2015, white supremacist Dylann Roof attended a bible group at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina, in the United States. As it was ending, the 21-year-old started shooting and killed nine people. Polly Sheppard was one of the survivors. She called 911 whilst hiding from Roof. The shootings at the historic African-American church shocked a nation already too used to gun violence. President Barack Obama delivered the eulogy at one of the victim's funerals and spontaneously started singing Amazing Grace. Ten years on since that day, Polly now 80, tells her harrowing story to Uma Doraiswamy. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A memorial outside the Emanuel AME Church. Credit: Brendan Smialowski/AFP via Getty Images) Polly Sheppard, a survivor of the 2015 Charleston shooting, describes how it unfolded The story of our times, told by the people who were there Polly Sheppard, a survivor of the Charleston church shooting in 2015, horrifically describes how 21-year-old white supremacist Dylann Roof killed nine people during a bible group. Polly Sheppard, a survivor of the Charleston church shooting, describes how it unfolded [LISTEN NOW]
	Charlie Hebdo Attack	20250107	20250108 (WS)	On 7 January 2015, 12 people were shot dead at the offices of a satirical magazine in Paris, the capital of France. The two gunmen had targeted Charlie Hebdo because it had published cartoons of the Prophet Mohammed. Rachel Naylor speaks to Riss, a cartoonist who was shot in the shoulder. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A mural of some of the victims of the attack, near the former office of Charlie Hebdo. Credit: Bertrand GUAY / AFP) On 7 January 2015, 12 people were shot dead at a satirical magazine in France On 7 January 2015, 12 people were shot dead by two gunmen at the offices of a satirical magazine in Paris, France. [LISTEN NOW]
	Che Guevara's Daughter: A Cuban Doctor In Angola	20231102	20231103 (WS)	In 1986 Dr Aleida Guevara, the daughter of revolutionary icon Che Guevara, went to Angola to work as a paediatrician. Dr Aleida was one of a number of medics Fidel Castro's Cuban government sent to their fellow communist country in southern Africa as it emerged from Portuguese colonialism into civil war. Marcia Veiga hears how Dr Aleida treated children with cholera in a hospital in the Angolan capital Luanda. Dr Aleida also reveals how, during downtime from working as Cuba's minister of industries, her tired father played with her by carrying her on his back as if he were a horse. The music for this programme is from Dadifox and Receba. (Photo: Dr Aleida Guevara with a patient at Luanda's Josina Machel Hospital. Credit: Dr Aleida Guevara) In 1986 Dr Aleida Guevara travelled from Cuba to treat children in communist Angola In 1986 Dr Aleida Guevara travelled to communist Angola to treat children suffering from cholera following the civil war.
	Chef To Five Presidents	20241225		Cristeta Comerford has cooked for some of the most powerful people in the world. She spent almost three decades as a chef in the White House, serving five presidents from Bill Clinton to Joe Biden. On 5 August 2005, she made history by becoming the first woman and person of colour to be made executive chef of the White House kitchen. She speaks to Dan Hardoon about making it to the White House, her most memorable state dinners, and what presidents like to eat. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Chile's 'penguin Revolution'	20260128	20260129 (WS)	In 2006, hundreds of thousands of school children in Chile took over their schools and marched in the streets, in a protest about inequality in education. It was known as the 'Penguin Revolution' because of their black and white school uniforms. The students were demanding good quality education for all children, regardless of whether they were rich or poor. Grace Livingstone speaks to Karina Delfino, who was a 16-year-old school girl and one of the leaders of the movement. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Riot police block an avenue in Santiago during clashes with students, 5 June 2006. Credit: David Lillo/AFP via Getty Images) In 2006, more than 600,000 school children in Chile began a nationwide protest The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2006, hundreds of thousands of school children in Chile marched in the streets, demanding the end of a law allowing schools to operate as profit-making businesses. [LISTEN NOW]
	Chinua Achebe's Revolutionary Book Things Fall Apart	20250528	20250529 (WS)	In 1958 Nigerian writer, Chinua Achebe, published his first book Things Fall Apart. Set in pre-colonial rural Nigeria, it examines how the arrival of foreigners led to tensions within traditional Igbo society. The book revolutionised African writing, and began a whole new genre of world literature. In 2016, Rebecca Kesby spoke to Achebe's youngest daughter, Nwando Achebe. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Chinua Achebe in 2013. Credit: Leonardo Cendamo via Getty Images) Achebe's English language novel from 1958 about life in Nigeria before colonialism The story of our times, told by the people who were there Chinua Achebe's debut novel from 1958 about life in Nigeria before Europeans arrived in Africa in the 19th century. [LISTEN NOW]
	Chuquicamata: Chile's Abandoned Mining Town	20250731	20250801 (WS)	By 2007, the 25,000 residents of a Chilean mining town had moved out of their homes due to concerns about pollution levels from one of the largest copper mines in the world. Today, the ghost town of Chuquicamata, located in the Atacama Desert, lies empty. But once a year, the former residents return to celebrate the life they once had there with a weekend of partying, during which they sing happy birthday to the town. Patricia Rojas revisits and reflects on her 25 years living in this now-deserted desert town with Robin Markwell. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Chuquicamata. Credit: BBC) By 2007, the town lay abandoned after its 25,000 residents left due to pollution concerns The story of our times, told by the people who were there By 2007, Chuquicamata lay abandoned after 25,000 people left due to concerns about pollution levels. Once a year, the former residents return to sing happy birthday to the town. By 2007, the town lay abandoned after its 25,000 residents moved out due to pollution. Once a year, the residents return to celebrate and sing happy birthday. [LISTEN NOW]
	Civil Rights Swim-in	20250618		On 18 June 1964, black and white protesters jumped into a ‘whites only' swimming pool at a motel in St Augustine, in Florida. Photos of the Monson Motor Lodge manager, James Brock, pouring cleaning acid into the pool to get them out, made global headlines. The following day, the Civil Rights Act - a landmark bill to end discrimination which had been stalling in the Senate – was finally passed. Using archive interviews with two of the swimming activists, JT Johnson and Mimi Jones, Vicky Farncombe looks back at this crucial moment in the civil rights movement. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	Clara Nunes: Queen Of Samba	20240812	20240813 (WS)	Singer Clara Nunes is an icon of African Brazilian culture and known as the Queen of Samba. Her first samba song Ê Baiana was released in 1973. In 1974, the release of the song Conto de Areia secured her a place in history. Clara sold more records than any other Brazilian woman had before. She's considered to be one of the greatest samba singers of her generation.She died in 1983. Brazilian radio broadcaster and samba record producer Adelzon Alves worked with Clara. He tells Gill Kearsley Clara's story. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Clara Nunes in 1974. Credit: Gilbert Girbaldi/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) The Brazilian singer who earned the title Queen of Samba Brazilian singer, Clara Nunes, became known as the Queen of Samba. She was an icon of African Brazilian culture.
	Clearing Landmines In Cambodia	20250417	20250418 (WS)	Fifty years after the start of the genocide that wiped out a quarter of its eight million population, Cambodia remains one of the most heavily landmined countries in the world. More than 65,000 people have been killed or injured by explosive devices since the end of the conflict – and almost one million still live in areas affected by the remnants of war. Aki Ra was one of thousands of child soldiers ordered to lay landmines by the Khmer Rouge after taking control of Cambodia on 17 April 1975. He speaks to Jacqueline Paine about living under the regime and then risking his life to clear unexploded mines. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A display of anti-tank and anti-personnel mines in Cambodia. Credit: Getty Images/Peter Charlesworth) Aki Ra laid hundreds of landmines for the Khmer Rouge, but began clearing them in 1992. The story of our times, told by the people who were there Former Khmer Rouge child soldier, Aki Ra, was ordered to lay landmines every day. Then in 1992 he began risking his life to clear unexploded mines and make his country safer. The stories of our times told by people who were there. [LISTEN NOW]
	Cleveland Balloonfest '86	20250730	20250731 (WS)	In 1986, a world record attempt was launched by the city of Cleveland, in the US. One and a half million balloons were blown up by volunteers ready to be released into the sky, with thousands of people watching. It was meant to be a dazzling publicity stunt, but due to strong winds and a cold front, the balloons didn't float away as expected. Colm Flynn speaks to Tom Holowatch, who was the project manager of BalloonFest '86, about how this became one of the most memorable days in the history of Cleveland, for all the right, and wrong reasons. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: BalloonFest. Credit: Getty Images) In 1986, one and a half million balloons were released as part of a world record attempt The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1986, during a world record attempt and publicity stunt, one and a half million balloons were released as a storm rolled over the city. [LISTEN NOW]
	Coca-cola's 'new Coke'	20250423	20250424 (WS)	Forty years ago, on 23 April 1985, Coca-Cola decided to change the secret formula of its fizzy drink, in a bid to be market leaders. They launched a new flavour called ‘New Coke'. But, after a public backlash and thousands of angry calls, bosses were forced to act and bring back the old recipe. In 2011, author Mark Pendergrast spoke to Alan Johnston about the change. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Coca-Cola. Credit: Roger Ressmeyer/CORBIS/VCG via Getty Images) On 23 April 1985, Coca-Cola changed the secret formula of its fizzy drink The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 23 April 1985, Coca-Cola changed the secret formula of its fizzy drink and launched ‘New Coke'. It resulted in public backlash and thousands of angry calls. [LISTEN NOW]
	Colombia's Salt Cathedral	20251125	20251126 (WS)	In 1995, a cathedral was built 180m underground in the Zipaquirá Salt Mine in Colombia. The idea came from the miners building makeshift altars in the mine in the 1930s, to pray for their safety before starting their shifts. It's now a major tourist attraction, attracting more than 600,000 visitors a year. Rachel Naylor speaks to the engineer behind it, Jorge Enrique Castelblanco. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Tourists in the Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá. Credit: Phil Clarke Hill / In Pictures via Getty Images) In 1995, a cathedral was built 180m underground in the Zipaquir\u00e1 Salt Mine The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Columbus Lighthouse	20240222	20240223 (WS)	In 1992, Columbus Lighthouse opened in Santo Domingo, the capital of the Dominican Republic. It was designed to house the ashes of explorer, Christopher Columbus. The huge memorial is built in the form of a horizontal cross and has 157 searchlight beams that when turned on project a gigantic cross into the sky. The light is so powerful it can be seen from over 300km away in Puerto Rico. Tour guide and historian, Samuel Bisono tells Gill Kearsley about the struggle to get the monument built. (Photo: Columbus Lighthouse. Credit: Gill Kearsley) A memorial for the ashes of Christopher Columbus opened in the Dominican Republic in 1992 Columbus Lighthouse, said to be sheltering the ashes of Christopher Columbus opened in the Dominican Republic in 1992, but it was a struggle to get the monument built.
	Conclave: How A New Pope Is Chosen	20250505	20250506 (WS)	In April 2005, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger became Pope Benedict XVI following the death of Pope John Paul II. The new leader of the Catholic Church was elected after four ballots of the papal conclave. The late Cardinal Cormac Murphy-O'Connor was one of 115 cardinals who took part. He spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2013. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	Confronting Betty Ford's Addiction	20250114		In 1978, former first lady of the United States, Betty Ford, announced that she had an addiction to alcohol and prescription medication, and would be seeking treatment. Wife of the 38th US president Gerald Ford, her openness and honesty about her addictions was remarkable for its time and was headline news. But it was her daughter, Susan Ford, who had organised the family intervention to confront her mother about her addiction, prompting her to seek help. Susan Ford Bales remembers the moment she knocked on her mother's door early in the morning with the rest of her family and begged her to get help. Betty Ford would go on to establish the Betty Ford Center in Rancho Mirage, California to help others struggling with addiction. Susan Ford tells her and her mother's story to Colm Flynn. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Conservative Wipe-out In Canada	20240705	20240706 (WS)	In Canada's 1993 election, the governing Progressive Conservative Party was routed, ending up with just two seats. In the 1980s, the party won the largest majority in Canadian history. But by 1993, it was in crisis and the new Prime Minister, Kim Campbell, called an election. But she didn't bank on the emergence of a new populist party called Reform, which stormed Canada's traditionally two-party system claiming 52 seats. The Progressive Conservatives never recovered. Ben Henderson speaks to the former Prime Minister, Kim Campbell, and Preston Manning, founder and former leader of Reform. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Preston Manning. Credit: Peter Power/Toronto Star via Getty Images) In Canada's 1993 election, the governing party was routed, ending up with just two seats In Canada's 1993 election, the governing Progressive Conservative Party was routed, ending up with just two seats, whilst a new populist party called Reform claimed 52 seats.
	Creating Alexa	20250103	20250104 (WS)	The smart speaker Alexa is used by hundreds of millions of people around the world every day, but did you know its voice was created by two people in Poland back in 2000? Lukasz Osowski and Michal Kaszczuk were final year students at Gdansk Technical University when they decided to create a device which could understand you and talk back in a voice which sounded like a human. They went through a few versions and started getting attention from big companies before eventually making a deal with Amazon. Lukasz and Michal speak to Megan Jones. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Amazon Echo Plus smart speaker. Credit: Olly Curtis/Future via Getty Images) In 2000, two Polish students started creating a smart speaker which sounded human In 2000, two students in Poland decided to create a device which could understand you and talk back in a voice which sounded human [LISTEN NOW]
	Creating Captcha	20250826	20250827 (WS)	In 2000, as the internet expanded, websites faced a growing challenge to stop spam bots from flooding their systems. To separate humans from machines, researchers at the United States' Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, created the Completely Automated Public Turing test. From its early development to its evolution into reCAPTCHA it continues to block millions of automated attacks every day. Ashley Byrne speaks to computer scientist Andrei Broder, who played a key role in developing the concepts that helped shape this technology. A Made in Manchester production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: I am not a robot. Credit: Stock image / Vector Illustration) In 2000, the Completely Automated Public Turing test was introduced as a security tool The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2000, the Completely Automated Public Turing test, designed to separate humans from machines, was introduced. It continues to block millions of online attacks every day. [LISTEN NOW]
	Creating Cluedo	20260114	20260115 (WS)	Air raids and blackouts during World War Two helped Anthony Pratt invent one of the most popular family board games: Cluedo. But the musician's real inspiration came from his job in the 1930s, playing piano at murder mystery parties in English country houses and hotels. Once war broke out, Anthony killed time at home in Birmingham by developing rules for his new 'whodunnit' game. While he created the colourful characters and weapons, his wife Elva drew up the board, based on the rooms of a Tudor mansion. The first version was launched in 1949, and since then more than 150 million copies have been sold around the world, including in the US where it's known as Clue. Anthony and Elva's daughter Marcia Lewis tells Jane Wilkinson about how her parent's idea became a global hit. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Cluedo box, 1949. Credit Family photo): Blackouts during World War Two helped Anthony Pratt invent the popular family board game The story of our times, told by the people who were there Blackouts during WW2 helped Anthony Pratt invent the popular board game: But his real inspiration came from playing piano at murder mystery parties in England's country houses. [LISTEN NOW]
	Creating The Board Game Catan	20251226	20251227 (WS)	In 1995, Klaus Teuber's board game Catan launched in Germany. The board is made up of hexagonal tiles, and it's a game about strategy and collecting resources. It's since sold over 40 million copies and been translated into more than 40 different languages. Klaus Teuber died in 2023. Megan Jones speaks to his son Benjamin, who now runs the company. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Picture: Klaus, Guido and Benjamin playing Catan. Credit: Benjamin Teuber) In 1995, the game debuted and has since sold more than 40 million copies worldwide The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1995, Klaus Teuber's Catan launched, selling over 40 million copies and helping German-style board games become a global phenomenon. [LISTEN NOW]
	Creation Of The Ufc	20241122		In 1993, a new combat sport was born. Its founders called it the Ultimate Fighting Championship – UFC. It pitted all forms of mixed martial arts against each other with little to no rules and all contained in an octagon-shaped cage. The first contest between a Samoan sumo wrestler and a Dutch kickboxer resulted in several teeth flying through the air. It didn't take long for the sensation to attract some big critics including the late US senator John McCain. He wanted it banned and labelled it a 'human cockfight'. One of the men responsible for cooking up this new concept was TV producer Campbell McLaren. He tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how he used controversy to market the violent spectacle. This programme contains descriptions of violence. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Crimea's Soviet Holiday Camp	20240227	20240228 (WS)	Artek, on the shores of the Black Sea in Crimea, was a hugely popular Soviet holiday camp. Maria Kim Espeland was one of the thousands of children who visited every year. In 2014, she told Lucy Burns about life in the camp in the 1980s. (Photo: A group of children attending Artek. Credit: Irina Vlasova) The hugely popular Soviet holiday camp, Artek Each year, thousands of children visited Artek, a hugely popular Soviet holiday camp.
	Cuban Blindness	20250205	20250206 (WS)	In the early 1990s, as Cuba faced a devastating economic crisis, leading to severe food shortages and malnutrition, around 50,000 Cubans were inexplicably struck down with sight loss. One of America's leading eye specialists, Dr Alfredo Sadun, was invited to the communist-ruled island by Fidel Castrol to help figure out what was going on. Mike Lanchin spoke to Dr Sadun in 2021. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A man undergoes an eye examination in Cuba in1993. Credit: Adalberto Roque/AFP/Getty Images) In the early 1990s, around 50,000 Cubans were struck down with sight loss In Cuba, during an economic crisis, around 50,000 people were inexplicably struck down with sight loss. (Photo: A man undergoes an eye examination in Cuba in1993. Credit: Adalberto Roque/AFP via Getty Images) [LISTEN NOW]
	Cuba's Mariel Boatlift	20260203	20260204 (WS)	In April 1980, thousands of Cubans tried to escape the country by claiming asylum at the Peruvian embassy in Havana. In response, Cuban President Fidel Castro opened the port of Mariel to anyone who wanted to leave, including criminals. From April until October more than 100,000 Cubans left for the US. Mirta Ojito was one of them. She spoke to Simon Watts in 2011. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Cuban refugees in 1980. Credit: Bettmann/Contributor via Getty Images) In 1980, more than 100,000 Cubans left the country for the US The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1980, Cuban President Fidel Castro opened the port of Mariel to anyone who wanted to leave. Mirta Ojito was one of more than 100,000 Cubans who departed for the US. [LISTEN NOW]
	Cyprus 1974: The Final Landing	20240716	20240717 (WS)	On the 20 July 1974, a young pilot was preparing to land passenger flight CY317 into Nicosia Airport in Cyprus, amidst the threat of an imminent Turkish invasion. From the air, he could see warships approaching the island. Little did he know that his aircraft would be the final one to land there, it would be destroyed within hours, and the airport remains frozen in time to this day.   Fifty years later, Captain Adamos Marneros tells Amelia Parker about that fear-filled final flight, on a pivotal day in 1974, and the airport, which he revisited a few years ago. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Captain Adamos Marneros outside the derelict Nicosia Airport in 2017. Credit: Leon Dimitrios) In July 1974, Captain Adamos Marneros landed the last flight at Nicosia Airport in Cyprus On 20 July 1974, Captain Adamos Marneros landed passenger flight CY317 into Nicosia Airport in Cyprus amidst the threat of an imminent Turkish invasion. (Photo: Captain Adamos Marneros outside the derelict Nicosia Airport in 2012. Credit: Andros Efstathios) Fifty years ago, the last ever flight landed at Nicosia Airport in Cyprus, as theTurkish invasion of the island began. Captain Adamos Marneros was the pilot.
	Cyprus 1974: The Greek Coup	20240715	20240716 (WS)	On 15 July 1974, the Greek military dictatorship in Athens sponsored a coup on the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, aiming to overthrow its selected president and unite the island with Greece. Days later, Turkey invaded the island, taking a third of it and displacing many thousands of its inhabitants. The writer Bekir Azgun grew up in the village of Potamia, where Greek and Turkish Cypriots had once lived together in harmony. He speaks to Maria Margaronis about the day of the coup and reflects on the gradual separation of the island's two communities, beginning with the Greek Cypriot anticolonial struggle against Britain in the 1950s and culminating in the Turkish invasion and partition. No outside power acted to stop this conflict between two NATO members. Cyprus, strategically positioned near the Middle East, remains divided to this day. Archive by kind permission of the Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. Music: Michalis Terlikkas. (Photo: The new de facto President of Cyprus, Nikos Sampson, holds a press conference after the military coup d'état which deposed Archbishop Makarios. Credit: Harry Dempster/Express/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) How a coup in Cyprus led to the division of the island's communities In July 1974, the President of Cyprus, Archbishop Makarios, was overthrown. It led to the separation of the island's two communities. Music by Michalis Terlikkas.
	Cyprus 2003: Crossing The Ceasefire Line	20240717	20240718 (WS)	In April 2003, the people of Cyprus were allowed to cross the ceasefire line for the first time in 29 years. Hundreds of people rushed to the check points and queued for hours to visit the homes they had left after the Greek coup and Turkish invasion of July 1974. Greek Cypriots made up the great majority of those displaced, often fleeing under fire with nothing but the clothes they had on. Singer and ethnomusicologist Nicoletta Demetriou's parents were among them. Nicoletta tells Maria Margaronis about the day the checkpoints opened, the experience of crossing, and her parents' encounter with their old neighbourhood and its new inhabitants — and reflects on how it changed her. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. Music: Solo laouto by Michalis Tterlikkas (Photo: People crossing the ceasefire line in Cyprus in April 2003. Credit: Janine Haidar/AFP via Getty Images) In April 2003, people in Cyprus crossed the ceasefire line for the first time in 29 years Cyprus was divided in 1974, after the Greek coup and Turkish invasion of the island. In 2003, people were allowed to cross the ceasefire line for the first time.
	Dancing In The Street: David Bowie And Mick Jagger	20250704		In July 1985, music legends Mick Jagger and David Bowie were asked to perform a duet with a twist at Live Aid, the biggest concert in pop history. Utilising the latest satellite technology, Mick would perform on the US stage in Philadelphia, while David would perform on the UK stage at Wembley Stadium. As the technical issues were being discussed, it soon became obvious that a half-second delay in the link between cities would prevent the live performance from happening, so a recording was planned instead. A short list of songs was discussed before the duo finally settled on the Motown classic Dancing in the Street. Live Aid press officer Bernard Doherty tells Des Shaw how the duet and video were recorded in just 18 hours and became a highlight of the benefit concert on 13 July 1985. A Zinc Media production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	Ddlj: India's Longest-running Film	20250924	20250925 (WS)	Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge, the ultimate Bollywood romance was released to critical acclaim in October 1995, becoming the longest-running movie in Indian cinema history. The premiere was held at the Maratha Mandir cinema in Mumbai, since then it's been screened there every day for the past 27 years, stopping only briefly during the Covid pandemic. Actress Kajol, who played Simran, starred opposite Shah Rukh Khan and they both became superstars overnight. Kajol spoke to Reena Stanton-Sharma in 2023, about her memories of shooting the iconic film known around the world as DDLJ. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Fans look at a poster of DDLJ outside the Maratha Mandir cinema. Credit: Indranil Mukherjee/AFP via Getty Images) Bollywood romance Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge was released to critical acclaim in 1995 The story of our times, told by the people who were there The ultimate Bollywood romance Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge, was released in October 1995 to critical acclaim. It became the longest-running movie in Indian cinema history. On 20 October 1995, Bollywood film Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge was released to critical acclaim. It premiered at the Maratha Mandir cinema in Mumbai, India. It's been screened there every day since then for the past 27 years, stopping only briefly because of the Covid pandemic, and has become the longest-running film in Indian cinema history. Actress Kajol – who played Simran – starred opposite Shah Rukh Khan. Following its release, they became superstars overnight. Kajol spoke to Reena Stanton-Sharma in 2023 about her memories of shooting the iconic movie known around the world as DDLJ. [LISTEN NOW]
	Deadly Everest Avalanche	20240418	20240419 (WS)	On 18 April 2014, an avalanche on Mount Everest killed 16 men, who were carrying supplies for commercial expeditions to higher camps. The sherpas were on the Khumbu Icefall, just above Base Camp in Nepal, when the avalanche happened. It resulted in the climbing season being cancelled and sherpas demanding better working conditions on the mountain. Lakpa Rita Sherpa helped dig bodies of his dead colleagues out of the ice, before transporting them home to their families. He speaks to Laura Jones. (Photo: The south-west face of Mount Everest and the Khumbu icefall. Credit: Eye Ubiquitous/Universal Images Group via Getty Images) In 2014, an avalanche in the Khumbu Icefall killed 16 sherpas on Mount Everest It is a decade since an avalanche killed 16 men on Mount Everest. They were all from the sherpa community in Nepal, working for commercial climbing expeditions.
	Death Of A Priest	20251027	20251028 (WS)	The 1977 murder of Father Rutilio Grande sent shockwaves through El Salvador. The 48-year-old Jesuit priest was an outspoken champion of the poor in the deeply divided central American nation. In the immediate aftermath of his murder, the Archbishop of San Salvador, Oscar Romero, took the unprecedented step of holding just one single mass, ordering all other churches in his archdiocese to cancel theirs. Romero also refused to attend any government functions. Father Grande was one of the first priests to be killed by security forces in the years leading up to the bloody Salvadoran civil war. His murder marked a turning point as the church became increasingly involved in promoting social justice, and other priests became more outspoken against the government's repression of dissent. Mike Lanchin has been hearing from Gabina Dubon, who worked with Father Grande in his rural parish, and to theologian and author, SisterAna Maria Pineda. This is a CTVC production for BBC World Service. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Father Rutilio Grande. Credit: Camilo Freedman/APHOTOGRAFIA/Getty Images) The 1977 murder of a leading champion for the poor in El Salvador The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1977, security forces murdered Father Rutilio Grande, a leading champion of the poor in El Salvador. [LISTEN NOW]
	Debbie Mcgee In Iran	20231107	20231108 (WS)	In 1978, British showbusiness star, Debbie McGee was a dancer with the Iranian National Ballet Company. Debbie was living in the capital, Tehran, at the start of the Iranian revolution. She tells Gill Kearsley the story of how she dealt with the unrest and escaped the country. Debbie, who went on to marry British magician Paul Daniels, said: 'I would never have met my late husband if that hadn't happened... so I've got the ayatollah to thank for that. (Photo: Debbie McGee in 2018. Credit: Dave Benett/Getty Images for The Old Vic Theatre) Showbiz star, Debbie McGee describes being caught up in the Iranian revolution in 1978 In 1978, showbiz star Debbie McGee was working as a ballet dancer in Tehran as the Iranian revolution began.
	Denmark's Inuit Children Experiment	20250226	20250227 (WS)	In 1951, a group of 22 Inuit children from Greenland were sent to live with foster parents in Denmark. It was part of a social experiment aimed at improving the lot of the Inuit people. But, for the children involved it was a confusing experience. Helene Thiesen was one of those children. She spoke to Ellen Otzen in 2015. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Helene Thiesen. Credit: Helene Thiesen) In 1951, 22 Inuit children from Greenland were sent to live with families in Denmark The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1951, a group of 22 Inuit children from Greenland were sent to live with foster parents in Denmark. It was part of a social experiment aimed at improving life for Inuit people. [LISTEN NOW]
	Designing The Google Logo	20240920	20240921 (WS)	Millions of us see the Google logo every day. Ruth Kedar is the designer of the logo. The story of how she got the job story starts in a martial arts class in 1998. The Brazilian artist and designer was invited to meet company founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and asked to present them with some ideas. Ruth tells Gill Kearsley her story of meeting the tech owners and how the design developed into a logo that became part of history. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Google logo in 2006. Credit: Adrian Brown/Bloomberg via Getty Images) Brazilian artist and designer, Ruth Kedar's story of designing the Google logo. Ruth Kedar is the designer of the Google logo. The story of how the Brazilian designer and artist got the job starts in a martial arts class in 1998. [LISTEN NOW]
	Destruction Of Mostar Bridge	20231109	20231110 (WS)	On 9 November 1993, one of Bosnia's most famous landmarks, the historic bridge in Mostar, was destroyed by Croat guns during the Bosnian war. Built by the Ottomans in the 16th Century, the bridge was a symbol of Bosnia's multicultural past. In 2014, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Eldin Palata, who filmed the destruction of the bridge, and Mirsad Behram, a local journalist. (Photo: A temporary bridge where Mostar's historic bridge previously stood. Credit: Robert Nickelsberg/Liaison via Getty Images) On 9 November 1993 the historic bridge was destroyed during the Bosnian War On 9 November 1993, one of Bosnia's most famous landmarks, the old Ottoman bridge in Mostar, was destroyed during the Bosnian War.
	Dignitas: Founding An Assisted Dying Society	20240626	20240627 (WS)	In 1998, the assisted dying society, Dignitas, was set up in Switzerland by lawyer Ludwig Minelli. It was the first end-of-life organisation in the world to help foreigners - non-Swiss citizens - to die. Since then around 4,000 people from 65 different countries have chosen to end their lives with help from Dignitas. But while 10 countries have legalised assisted dying, most have not. Critics say it can weaken respect for human life, put pressure on the terminally-ill to die and lead to worsening end-of-life care. Ludwig Minelli tells Jane Wilkinson why he believes freedom of choice is so important. (Photo: Ludwig Minelli in 2012. Credit: SEBASTIEN BOZON/AFP/GettyImages) In 1998, Swiss lawyer Ludwig Minelli set up the controversial organisation Dignitas In 1998, lawyer Ludwig Minelli set up Dignitas to help the terminally and chronically-ill to die. Since then around 4,000 people have travelled to Switzerland to end their lives.
	Dinner For One: How An English Comedy Became A German Tradition	20241227		Every New Year's Eve, millions of Germans turn on their TVs to rewatch an old favourite – the comedy Dinner for One. The black and white sketch is in English and features a British cast but is virtually unknown in the United Kingdom. The two-hander starts with butler James laying a table for five people for dinner. Then Miss Sophie arrives. It's her 90th birthday and she wants to celebrate with four friends: Sir Toby, Admiral von Schneider, Mr Pomeroy, and Mr Winterbottom. The only problem is they're all dead so James must impersonate the guests – and drink on their behalf – with hilarious results. The late German entertainer Peter Frankenfeld first saw the show in the theatre during a trip to Blackpool. He wanted to record it in Germany but Freddie Frinton, who played the butler and owned the copyright to the show, initially refused to take part because of his experiences during World War Two. Peter's son Thomas Frankenfeld tells Vicky Farncombe how his father's own war story, involving snipers and a Nazi surgeon, persuaded Freddie to change his mind. The programme is now shown on TV every New Year's Eve in places including Germany, Scandinavia and Switzerland. “We watch it every year, ? says Thomas. “It's really funny. Still after all this time. ? Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Discovering Hans Christian Andersen's 'lost Fairytale'	20260417	20260418 (WS)	In October 2012, a local historian stumbled upon a misplaced pamphlet in the Danish Archives. It was a story called the Tallow Candle and is believed to be Hans Christian Andersen's first fairytale. Ejnar Askgaard, Curator and Senior Researcher at Museum Odense, verified the document. He speaks to Surya Elango. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Hans Christian Andersen. Credit: Hulton-Deutsch Collection via Getty Images) In October 2012, The Tallow Candle fairytale was discovered The story of our times, told by the people who were there In October 2012, a historian found a misplaced pamphlet in the Danish Archives. It was a story called The Tallow Candle, believed to be Hans Christian Andersen's first fairytale. [LISTEN NOW]
	Discovering The Ancient City Of Thonis-heracleion	20231117	20231118 (WS)	In 2000, the pioneering underwater archaeologist Franck Goddio made one of the greatest ever submerged discoveries. He found evidence that the remains he had found off the coast of Egypt were from Thonis-Heracleion, an ancient Egyptian port lost without trace. Before the foundation of Alexandria, it had flourished at the mouth of the Nile between the 6th to 2nd centuries BC, a city twice the size of Pompeii. He tells Josephine McDermott about the incredible artefacts he has found including the moment he realised he was at the foot of a five-metre tall statue of a pharaoh. (Photo: The pharaoh statue discovered off the coast of Egypt. Credit: Christoph Gerigk, Franck Goddio/Hilti Foundation) In 2000 Franck Goddio made one of the greatest ever underwater discoveries In 2000, the maritime archaeologist Franck Goddio discovered the city of Thonis-Heracleion which had been hidden from sight for two thousand years.
	Discovering The Largest Dinosaur Ever	20251107	20251108 (WS)	In 2012, a shepherd uncovered a bone belonging to a new species of dinosaur on a ranch in Patagonia, in Argentina. A team from the Museum of Paleontology Egidio Feruglio found more than 150 bones, belonging to six skeletons. The Patagotitan, a type of titanosaur, was 40 metres long, 20 metres tall and weighed 77 tonnes. Rachel Naylor spoke to Dr Diego Pol, a palaeontologist who led the dig. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The skeleton of the Patagotitan on display in London in 2023. Credit: Dan Kitwood / Getty Images) In 2012, a shepherd uncovered a bone belonging to a new dinosaur in Argentina The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2012, a shepherd uncovered a bone belonging to a new species of dinosaur on a ranch in Argentina. [LISTEN NOW]
	Discovering The Structure Of Haemoglobin	20250224	20250225 (WS)	What was it in September of 1959 that caused an Austrian scientist to rush out from his lab and buy children's modelling clay? Austrian born Dr Max Perutz had made one of the greatest scientific discoveries of the 20th century. For the first time, he could see what a molecule of haemoglobin looked like in 3D. Using lectures and programmes from the BBC archive, Josephine McDermott tells the story of how his fellow Cambridge University students in the UK thought he was “mad ? to try and map a molecule made of 10,000 atoms, and the “appalling task ? which took 22 years to complete. It was an achievement that earned him and his colleague John Kendrew the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1962. It has since contributed to the study of blood diseases like sickle cell anaemia and Huntington's disease. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Dr Max Perutz in 1962. Credit: AP) Dr Max Perutz made one of the greatest scientific discoveries of the 20th century The story of our times, told by the people who were there Until Dr Max Perutz, no-one had seriously attempted to map a molecule that was made up of 10,000 atoms. In 1959, after 22 years, he was finally successful. [LISTEN NOW]
	Discovering The Terracotta Army	20240321	20240322 (WS)	It's 50 years since a chance find by Chinese farmers led to an astonishing archaeological discovery. Thousands of clay soldiers were uncovered in the province of Shaanxi after being buried for more than 2,000 years. They were guarding the tomb of the ancient ruler Qin Shi Huang, who ruled the Qin Dynasty. In 2013, archaeologists Yuan Zhongyi and Xiuzhen Li told Rebecca Kesby about the magnitude of the dig, and how unearthing the incredible statues shaped their careers. (Photo: Terracotta soldiers stand to attention. Credit Marica van der Meer/Arterra/Universal Images Group/Getty Images) In 1974, Chinese farmers stumbled upon an astonishing archaeological site In 1974, a chance find by farmers digging a well in China led to an astonishing archaeological discovery.
	Discovering The Titanic	20250901	20250902 (WS)	In September 1985, the wreck of the Titanic was discovered around 400 nautical miles off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada, during a joint American-French expedition. It had remained undisturbed, 13,000 feet underwater in the North Atlantic Ocean, since it sank during its maiden voyage in 1912. The team spotted a boiler using a remotely controlled deep-sea vehicle, called Argo, and a robot named Jason, which led them to the site of the wreck. In 2012, Louise Hidalgo spoke to some of the explorers and listened to archive recordings. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Titantic bow. Credit: Xavier DESMIER/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) In September 1985, the wreck of the lost ship was discovered during a joint expedition The story of our times, told by the people who were there In September 1985, the wreck of the Titanic was discovered during a joint American-French expedition. It had remained undisturbed since sinking during its maiden voyage. [LISTEN NOW]
	Discovery Of The 'hobbit'	20250813	20250814 (WS)	In 2003, archaeologists on the island of Flores, in Indonesia, discovered the skeleton of a new species of human - Homo floresiensis. It was nicknamed the 'Hobbit', because they were just over a metre in height, and it's thought they became extinct around 70,000 years ago. Rachel Naylor spoke to Peter Brown, the Australian paleoanthropologist who identified it. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The skull of Homo floresiensis (centre). Credit: Jim Watson / AFP via Getty Images) In 2003, archaeologists in Indonesia discovered the skeleton of a new species of human The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2003, archaeologists in Indonesia discovered the skeleton of a new species of human - Homo floresiensis. [LISTEN NOW]
	Discovery Of The Hole In The Earth's Ozone	20240102	20240103 (WS)	In 1985, British scientists made what would turn out to be one of the most important environmental discoveries of the 20th century - finding a hole in the earth's ozone layer. The British Antarctic Survey, based in Cambridge, had been monitoring ozone levels for more than 30 years using the Dobson Ozone Spectrophotometer. But it was only when they compared previously uncharted figures from the 1980s with the previous decade that they made the shocking finding, as Jonathan Shanklin, the man who compiled the data, told Jane Wilkinson. (Photo: Ozone hole in September 2006. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images) In 1985, news broke of a major environmental discovery: a hole in the earth's ozone layer
	Dismaland: Banksy's Dystopian Theme Park	20251214	20251209 (WS) 20251210 (WS)	In 2015, Banksy turned a derelict swimming pool in Weston-super-Mare, England, into a dystopian theme park which drew huge crowds and Hollywood stars. Working under cover of darkness, the street artist created Dismaland - a 'bemusement park' offering a satirical twist on mainstream resorts. The temporary exhibition featured a fire-ravaged castle, a riot police van sinking into a lake, and Cinderella's upturned pumpkin carriage. Open for just five weeks, Dismaland sold thousands of tickets daily and injected an estimated £20 million into the local economy. Kurtis Young speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about his summer job as a steward at Dismaland. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: A mermaid sculpture in front of the fairy castle. Credit: Jim Dyson/Getty Images) In 2015, the street artist transformed a derelict pool into a dystopian 'bemusement park'. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2015, the street artist transformed a derelict outdoor swimming pool into a dystopian 'bemusement park' in Weston-super-Mare, England. It closed five weeks later. [LISTEN NOW]
	Doi Moi: Vietnam's Economic Miracle	20250428	20250429 (WS)	In the late 1970s, Vietnam was one of the poorest countries in the world. Its economy had been destroyed by war with the USA, a trade embargo, and the communist government's restriction of private enterprise. So, at the Vietnam Communist Party's 6th National Congress in December 1986, radical economic reforms were introduced, known as Doi Moi, meaning ‘renovation'. The reforms transformed the country from a centrally planned economy to a market-oriented one, unleashing huge economic growth and improving living standards. Ben Henderson speaks to Phạm Chi Lan, an economist who worked at Vietnam's Chamber of Commerce and Industry through the period of reform. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Street vendor in Hanoi, 1993. Credit: Steve Raymer/Corbis via Getty Images) Radical reforms introduced in 1986 lifted millions out of poverty The story of our times, told by the people who were there In the late 1970s, Vietnam was one of the poorest countries in the world. In 1986, radical economic reforms were introduced unleashing huge economic growth. [LISTEN NOW]
	Dolly Rathebe: South Africa's First International Film Star	20250602	20250603 (WS)	South Africa's first feature film aimed at black audiences was released in 1949, launching Dolly Rathebe's career. The actress and jazz musician was discovered by chance by two British film makers and with no previous acting experience, she was cast in Jim Comes to Jo'burg , also known as African Jim. She played Judy, a glamourous nightclub singer and soon she was gracing magazine covers and was proclaimed as Africa's first black female movie star. Reena Stanton-Sharma listens back to an archive interview of Dolly Rathebe speaking to film maker Peter Davies from Villon Films. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. Jim Comes to Jo'burg, also known as African Jim, launched Dolly Rathebe's career in 1949 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1949, South Africa's first feature film aimed at black audiences was released, launching Dolly Rathebe's career in Jim Comes to Jo'burg, also known as African Jim. [LISTEN NOW]
	Drill, Baby, Drill!	20250702		Judging by how often US President Donald Trump has repeated the slogan “Drill, baby, drill ?, you might think he coined it. But the phrase actually dates back to 2008. It was at the Republican National Convention that former Maryland Lieutenant Governor Michael Steele first used it, arguing the United States needed to become energy independent. The slogan, the result of what Michael describes as a late-night epiphany, quickly entered the mainstream of American politics - adopted by a range of politicians in the years that followed. He shares his memories of that moment with Marco Silva. This programme contains archive from: C-SPAN, PBS Newshour, Fox News, and CNN. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	Drum: Africa's Revolutionary Magazine	20250117	20250118 (WS)	Drum was considered to be the first African lifestyle magazine with a readership of 40,000 in its 1950s heyday. It was first printed in South Africa in 1951 and became a voice of resistance during Apartheid. Drum hit newsstands in 12 countries across the continent after former World War Two pilot Jim Bailey bought the publication after the first two editions flopped. Jim changed the focus by telling African stories by African writers and shining a spotlight on music, culture and life in the illegal drinking joints known as shebeens. Black writers including Henry Nxumalo, known as Mr Drum, were credited with revolutionising journalism and literature in South Africa. Reena Stanton-Sharma speaks to Jim Bailey's son Prospero Bailey. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Drum Office in 1954. Credit: Jurgen Schadeberg from The Schadeberg Collection) The first African lifestyle magazine Drum, was first printed in 1951 In 1951, the first edition of Drum was published in South Africa. It was considered to be the first African lifestyle magazine with a readership of 40,000 in its heyday. [LISTEN NOW]
	Dyke And Dryden: Cosmetic Kings	20241017	20241018 (WS)	In 1969, a new sound began to dominate the airwaves in the UK, reggae. This was terrible news for two Jamaican men, Len Dyke and Dudley Dryden who were making their money selling 'slices of home' records on market stalls in London. They had been pushed out by big labels but being true businessmen, they established themselves in an area with little-to-no commercial competition - black women's haircare. Little did they know they were entering the market when black beauty was about to get a whole new look that would make them millions. It was the dawn of the Jerry Curl. This was a new product that could chemically change the texture of afro hair making it straighter and shinier. Rudi Page, Dyke and Dryden's former marketing manager tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how the business became so successful that they started supplying products in Ghana and Nigeria as well as the whole of the UK. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Rudi Page. Credit: Rudi Page) In 1969, Dyke and Dryden started one the most successful black British businesses In 1969, Len Dyke and Dudley Dryden started a new company selling Afro hair care. It would go on to make millions. [LISTEN NOW]
	Earth: A Pale Blue Dot In The Universe	20240101	20240102 (WS)	In February 1990, Nasa space probe Voyager took a famous photo of Earth as it left the Solar System. Seen from six billion kilometres away, our planet appears as a mere dot lit up by the sun, giving a sense of humanity's small place in the universe. In 2020, Darryl Morris spoke to Nasa planetary scientist Candice Hansen, who worked on the Voyager programme. A Made in Manchester production for BBC World Service. (Photo: Earth - a pale blue dot. Credit: Nasa/JPL-Caltech) In 1990, a space probe's photograph of Earth captured the enormity of space In 1990, Nasa's Voyager space probe captured a photograph of Earth from billions of miles away. Caught in a sun beam, it is a tiny speck in the vast universe.
	East Germany's Coffee From Vietnam	20240507	20240508 (WS)	In the 1980s, a thirst for caffeine caused an unusual global collaboration. Coffee-loving East Germans were left without after a crop failure in the world's biggest exporter of the drink, Brazil. So the East Germans hatched a scheme, linking up with fellow communist state Vietnam to create a mass of coffee plantations. The man behind the plan, Siegfried Kaulfuß, tells Michael Rossi about the scale and success of the endeavour. (Photo: Siegfried Kaulfuß with Vietnamese coffee farmers. Credit: Siegfried Kaulfuß) A thirst for caffeine led to an unusual global collaboration in the 1980s A thirst for caffeine led to an unusual global collaboration between East Germany and Vietnam in the 1980s with the creation of a mass coffee plantations.
	Echo And The Elephants	20260330	20260331 (WS)	In 1972, the world's longest-running study of wild elephants was first launched in Kenya, making a star of one of its subjects – Echo. For decades, the Amboseli Elephant Research Project followed Echo and the rest of the park's population to learn more about their behaviour, communication and social bonds. And in 1990, when the project began to attract wider attention, a documentary TV crew asked to film one of the groups. It was the start of Echo's life in front of the camera. The grand old matriarch would help raise four generations of her family, protecting them from attacks by lions, conflicts with local farmers, and the effects of famine. Dr Cynthia Moss, who set up the project, tells Jane Wilkinson about the highs and lows of following Echo and the elephants. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1972, the world's longest-running study of wild elephants was launched in Kenya. And filming of the Amboseli Elephant Research Project made a star of one its subjects - Echo. [LISTEN NOW]
	Egypt And The 'cairo 52'	20240415	20240416 (WS)	A group of men known as the ‘Cairo 52' were arrested in Egypt in May 2001. They were on board the Queen Boat, a floating gay nightclub on the River Nile. Omer, not his real name, was arrested and imprisoned for habitual debauchery. There is no explicit law against homosexuality in Egypt and Omer was released early following the orders of US president at the time, George W Bush. Omer speaks to Dan Hardoon about the arrest and its aftermath – in graphic detail. (Photo: Some of the 'Cairo 52', dressed in white with their faces covered, being escorted by security into a court in Cairo. Credit: Marwan Naamani/Getty Images) In May 2001, 52 men were arrested in a gay nightclub floating on the River Nile
	Egypt Criminalises Sexual Harassment	20250917	20250918 (WS)	Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. History told by the people who were there The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2014, Egypt's outgoing president, Adly Mansour, issued a decree which categorised sexual harassment as a crime punishable by a minimum six-month jail term and a fine of 3,000 Egyptian pounds which is around $60. It was a move campaigners welcomed, saying it was the first step towards ending an endemic problem. Among those who made the change happen was Engy Ghozlan, co-founder of HarassMap, an online tool to report harassment. She speaks to Megan Jones about what life in Egypt was like for women before the legislation came into force. (Photo: Egyptian women take part in a march against sexual harassment. Credit: Ed Giles/Getty Images) In 2014, Egypt's outgoing president issued a decree criminalising sexual harassment In 2014, Egypt's outgoing president, Adly Mansour, issued a decree criminalising sexual harassment. It was a move campaigners welcomed. [LISTEN NOW]
	Eight Years Trapped On The Suez Canal	20241018	20241019 (WS)	After the six day war in June 1967, the entrance and exit to the Suez Canal was closed. It meant 14 ships from eight different countries were trapped in an area called the Great Bitter Lake. They would remain there for eight years, and would become known as the ‘yellow fleet'. Former Assistant Steward Phil Saul speaks to Megan Jones. His book is called “Skinning Out: My time at sea and jumping ship in New Zealand ?. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Picture: Catering crowd on the Melampus. Credit: Phillip Saul) After the Six Day War in 1967, 14 ships were stuck on the Great Bitter Lake Known as the ‘yellow fleet', 14 ships were trapped on the Great Bitter Lake in 1967 after the six day war. [LISTEN NOW]
	Eight Years Trapped On The Suez Canal In Egypt	20241018	20241019 (WS)	After the Six Day War in June 1967, the Suez Canal in Egypt was closed. It meant 14 ships from eight different countries, including the United States, Bulgaria and France, were trapped in an area called the Great Bitter Lake. They would remain there for eight years, and would become known as the ‘yellow fleet'. Two of the ships were the MS Melampus and MS Agapenor. Former assistant steward, Phil Saul, worked on both and was in charge of looking after the engineers and officers. He speaks to Megan Jones. His book is called Skinning Out: My time at sea and jumping ship in New Zealand. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Picture: Catering crowd on the Melampus. Credit: Phillip Saul) After the Six Day War in 1967, 14 ships were stuck on the Great Bitter Lake Known as the ‘yellow fleet', 14 ships were trapped on the Great Bitter Lake in 1967 after the Six Day War. [LISTEN NOW]
	Eisenhower's Farewell Address	20250211	20250212 (WS)	In January 1961, US President Dwight Eisenhower ended his time in the White House with a farewell address regarded as one of the greatest speeches made by a US president. He warned Americans against the 'military-industrial complex', a phrase that he coined. In 2018, Louise Hidalgo looked back on the speech with Dwight Eisenhower's grandson, David Eisenhower, and one of his speechwriters, Stephen Hess. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: President Dwight Eisenhower. Credit: Bettmann/Contributor via Getty Images) In 1961, the US President ended his time in the White House with a famous speech The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1961, the US President ended his time in the White House with a famous speech in which he warned against the 'military-industrial complex'. [LISTEN NOW]
	Eliza: When Chatbots Started	20241007	20241008 (WS)	Eliza is the name of a 1966 invention by German born scientist, Joseph Weizenbaum, that is said to be the first chatbot. Eliza worked by someone typing their feelings into a computer keyboard, and then the programme repeated it back to them, often as a question. Joseph's daughter, Miriam tells Gill Kearsley about Eliza. We also hear from Joseph through archive interviews from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, in the USA, that were recorded with Pamela McCorduck in 1975. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Joseph Weizenbaum. Credit: Wolfgang Kunz/ullstein bild via Getty Images) 1966 saw the invention of Eliza, which is said to be the first chatbot German born scientist, Joseph Weizenbaum, invented what is thought to be the first chatbot in 1966. Joseph's daughter, Miriam tells Gill Kearsley about Eliza. We also hear from Joseph through archive interviews from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, USA, that were recorded with Pamela McCorduck in 1975. (Photo: Joseph Weizenbaum. Wolfgang Kunz/ullstein bild via Getty Images) [LISTEN NOW]
	Elvis Visits Scotland	20260303	20260304 (WS)	In 1960, as he headed home from military service, the King of Rock 'n' Roll made an unexpected stop at Prestwick Airport. It's believed to be the only time Elvis Presley is known to have set foot on British soil. It was only a brief visit, but for 16 year old Anne Murphy, watching him walk down the airplane steps is a memory that has never faded. More than six decades later, she tells Megan Jones what it was like to see Elvis up close. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Elvis at Prestwick Airport, with Anne Murphy looking up at him. Credit: The Hollywood Archive/Alamy) In 1960, the King of Rock 'n' Roll made an unexpected stop at Prestwick Airport The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1960, the King of Rock 'n' Roll made an unexpected stop at Prestwick Airport. It's believed to be the only time Elvis Presley set foot on British soil. [LISTEN NOW]
	Emerante De Pradines: Haiti's Musical Trailblazer	20251031	20251101 (WS)	Emerante de Pradines was a Haitian singer, dancer and folklorist who became the first person from her country to sign a record deal. She was dedicated to de-demonising vodou music and folklore and went on to teach dance at some of America's most prestigious universities. Her son Richard Morse speaks to Emma Forde about his mother's life and her legacy. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Emerante De Pradines Credit: Leah Gordon) The singer, dancer and folklorist who became the first Haitian to sign a record deal The story of our times, told by the people who were there Emerante de Pradines was the first Haitian singer to sign a record deal, she championed vodou music and folklore. [LISTEN NOW]
	Emperor Haile Selassie Overthrown	20240909	20240910 (WS)	Haile Selassie was Emperor of Ethiopia. His dynasty ruled for centuries, supposedly descending from King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. In 1974 he was overthrown in a coup by a Marxist-Leninist military junta called the Derg. Over the following months, the insurrectionists executed 60 members of Haile Selassie's government, before murdering the former Emperor in his bed in 1975. Lij Mulugeta Asseratte Kassa is a relative of Haile Selassie. He spent time with the Emperor in the days leading up to the coup and was imprisoned for nine years by the Derg. He speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Emperor Haile Selassie in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Credit: Terry Fincher/Express via Getty Images) In September 1974, a military junta launched a coup against Ethiopia's monarchy In September 1974, a military junta called the Derg ousted Ethiopia's monarchy in a coup. Lij Mulugeta Asseratte Kassa, a relative of the Emperor, looks back on it. [LISTEN NOW]
	English Tv Lessons In China Go Primetime	20250131	20250201 (WS)	In 1981 the first major series of English lessons was broadcast on Chinese television. President Deng Xiaoping had allowed private enterprise and was pursuing an era of “opening up ? to the rest of the world. It followed a decade of educational turmoil when teachers had been castigated as bourgeois by the former leader Mao Zedong. Kathy Flower presented the English education programme, Follow Me, several times a week at primetime. It was watched by an estimated 500 million people keen to get a taste of the English language and observe westerners on television. Kathy Flower recalls to Josephine McDermott what it was like becoming the most famous foreign person in China. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Kathy Flower at a book signing in China. Credit: BBC) An estimated 500 million people in China watched English lessons on television in 1981 In 1981 an estimated 500 million people in China began watching the BBC series Follow Me to learn English. The evening programme made a huge star of Kathy Flower. [LISTEN NOW]
	Escaping Nigeria's Biafra War	20251203	20251204 (WS)	When the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself to be the independent state of Biafra, civil war broke out in May 1967. More than a million people died before the fighting stopped. In 2021, Patricia Ngozi Ebigwe, now better known as TV and music star Patti Boulaye, spoke to Paul Waters about escaping the conflict. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Government troops during the Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Biafran War, 1969. Credit: Central Press/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) In 1967, the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself the independent state of Biafra The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1967, the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself the independent state of Biafra. Patricia Ngozi Ebigwe, known as Patti Boulaye, escaped the conflict. [LISTEN NOW]
	Eta's Assassination Of Juan Mari J\u00e1uregui	20250729	20250730 (WS)	On 29 July 2000, retired Spanish politician Juan Mari Jáuregui was assassinated by Basque separatists Eta. Deemed a terrorist organisation by the European Union, Eta killed more than 800 people between 1968 and 2010. Its goal was to create an independent Basque state out of territory in south-west France and northern Spain. Following Jáuregui's murder, his widow Maixabel Lasa worked to help victims of political violence and highlight their suffering, weakening Eta's support. A decade later, she received a message from one of the men involved in Jáuregui's murder. He wanted to meet her and take responsibility for his actions. In 2011, Eta declared a permanent ceasefire, and formally disbanded in 2018. Maixabel Lasa speaks to Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. On 29 July 2000, retired Spanish politician Juan Mari Jáuregui was assassinated by Basque separatists Eta. Deemed a terrorist organisation by the European Union, Eta killed more than 800 people between 1968 and 2010. Its goal was to create an independent Basque state out of territory in south-west France and northern Spain. Following Jáuregui's murder, his widow Maixabel Lasa worked to help victims of political violence and highlight their suffering, weakening Eta's support. A decade later, she received a message from one of the men involved in Jáuregui's murder. He wanted to meet her and take responsibility for his actions, beginning a remarkable friendship. (Photo: Maixabel Lasa. Credit: Arnaitz Rubio/Europa Press via Getty Images) On 29 July 2000, Basque separatists Eta killed the retired Spanish politician The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 29 July 2000, Basque separatists Eta killed the retired Spanish politician. Following Jáuregui's murder, his widow Maixabel Lasa worked to help victims of political violence. [LISTEN NOW]
	Ethiopia's 1984 Famine	20241023	20241024 (WS)	In 1984, Ethiopia suffered one of its worst ever famines. A BBC news report from the area shocked the world - and led to a huge global fundraising campaign. In 2014, Lucy Burns spoke to Dawit Giorgis, who was in charge of Ethiopia's internal relief effort during the crisis. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Starving children at Korem refugee camp. Credit: William F. Campbell/Getty Images) In 1984, a news report on a famine in Ethiopia led to a global fundraising campaign A BBC news report in 1984 about one of Ethiopia's worst ever famines led to a huge global fundraising campaign. [LISTEN NOW]
	Europe's Long Drought Of 2011	20260421	20260422 (WS)	In 2011, after months of little or no rain in central and eastern Europe, water levels on some parts of the Danube River fell to their lowest level in 70 years. It's one of Europe's busiest shipping routes, but in November of that year, traffic ground to a halt on major sections of the Danube, and on the Serbia-Hungary border dozen of cargo ships were stranded. In Romania, one of the country's nuclear power stations was at risk of shutdown because of insufficient water for cooling, and in Serbia the drought revealed sunken World War Two ships and unexploded bombs. In the lower Danube, low water levels also caused a decrease in bird and fish populations. Kristian Yakimov, an ecologist and tourist guide in Bulgaria, speaks to Jacqueline Paine. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Cracked, muddy ground at the river bank of the Danube river. Credit: Alexanda Rilich/Getty Images) How months of no rain dried up the Danube River The story of our times, told by the people who were there When water levels on parts of the Danube River fell to their lowest levels in 70 years. [LISTEN NOW]
	Eva Peron: Argentina's Evita	20250214	20250215 (WS)	Eva Peron – otherwise known as Evita - became an icon in 1940s Argentina, famous for her passionate speeches and populist rhetoric. Born into poverty, she moved to Buenos Aries at the age of 15 to become an actress, and was soon starring in radio soap operas. In 1945, she married Colonel Juan Peron, a rising figure in the Argentinian military, and supported his campaign to become president. After he won the election, she set up the Eva Perón Foundation, to distribute money, food and medicines to the poor. It won her the adulation of Argentina's working classes, although some believed she exploited her position for personal gain. Eva fell ill with cancer, and on 17 October 1951, she made her last major public appearance from the presidential palace balcony. It was to be her most famous speech, later inspiring the award-winning song, Don't Cry for Me Argentina, from the musical Evita. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Eva Peron in 1951. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images) Eva Peron - or Evita - was an icon in 1940s Argentina, famous for her populist rhetoric The story of our times, told by the people who were there Eva Peron, known as Evita, was an icon in 1940s Argentina, famous for her populist rhetoric. Her most famous speech inspired the award-winning song Don't Cry for Me Argentina. [LISTEN NOW]
	Executed In Stalin's Great Terror In Georgia	20240702	20240703 (WS)	Between 1937 and 1938, Soviet leader Josef Stalin carried out his most severe purge in Georgia. Known as the Great Terror, thousands of political rivals, intellectuals and ordinary citizens were executed without trial and buried in mass graves. Dan Hardoon speaks to Levan Pesvianidze in Tbilisi, Georgia, whose grandfather Viktor and uncle Giorgi were both executed. (Photo: Viktor Pesvianidze with colleagues in Georgia in the 1930s. Credit: Levan Pesvianidze) In the 1930s, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin executed hundreds of thousands without trial Hundreds of thousands of political rivals, intellectuals and ordinary citizens were executed without trial during the Great Terror.
	Exercise Tiger: Disastrous D-day Rehearsal	20250421	20250427 20250422 (WS)	In April 1944, the Allies planned Exercise Tiger to practise their landing on France's Normandy beaches ahead of D-Day. During the rehearsal, a German fleet attacked, sinking two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died. The Allies' military leaders ordered troops not to discuss the disaster because they didn't want to damage morale or give away the D-Day plans. So, Exercise Tiger was largely forgotten for decades. Ben Henderson tells the story using archive interviews with Paul Gerolstein, who was on board one of the ships that came under attack. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. Exercise Tiger Memorial Ltd courtesy of Dean Small and Laurie Bolton, audio/visual maintained by Chris Kirsten of CeeVisk David FitzGerald (Photo: US troops ahead of D-Day. Credit: AP) In April 1944, a German fleet sank two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In April 1944, the Allies planned a rehearsal for D-Day. During the exercise, a German fleet attacked and sank two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died. (Archive: Exercise Tiger Memorial Ltd. courtesy of Dean Small and Laurie Bolton, audio/visual maintained by Chris Kirsten of CeeVisk) (Photo: US troops in the UK ahead of D-Day. Credit: AP) In April 1944, a German fleet sunk two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died In April 1944, the Allies planned a rehearsal for D-Day. During the exercise, a German fleet attacked and sunk two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died. [LISTEN NOW]
	Exiled Ayatollah Khomeini Returns To Iran	20260119	20260120 (WS)	In February 1979, after the Shah left Iran, religious leader Ayatollah Khomeini flew back to Tehran from Paris. He had been in exile and was greeted by millions of people lining the streets. In 2011, Mohsen Sazegara who worked for the Ayatollah, spoke to Louise Hidalgo. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Ayatollah Khomeini on the flight back from exile. Credit: Gabriel Duval/AFP via Getty Images) In February 1979, religious leader Ayatollah Khomeini flew back to Tehran from Paris. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In February 1979, after the Shah left Iran, religious leader Ayatollah Khomeini flew back to Tehran from Paris after being in exile. [LISTEN NOW]
	Eyjafjallajokull: The Volcano That Stopped A Continent	20231114		In 2010, a previously little-known Icelandic volcano erupted twice, sending a huge plume of volcanic ash all over Europe. The ash cloud grounded flights for days, causing disruption for millions of passengers. Reena Stanton-Sharma talks to Icelandic geophysicist and Eyjafjallajökull-watcher, Sigrun Hreinsdottir. This programme was first broadcast in 2022.
	Favela Life: The Diary Of Carolina Maria De Jesus	20250604	20250605 (WS)	Carolina Maria de Jesus was a poor, single mother-of-three who lived in a derelict shack and spent her days scavenging for food. Her diary, written between 1955 and 1960, brought to life the harsh realities faced by thousands of poor Brazilians who arrived in cities like São Paulo and Rio looking for better opportunities. In 1960, her diary was published and became a bestseller, turning Carolina into a celebrity. Her daughter, Vera Eunice de Jesus Lima, spoke to Thomas Pappon in 2020 about how the book changed her family's life. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Credit: Carolina Maria de Jesus. National Archives of Brazil) In 1960, the diary of a poor Brazilian mum became an international bestseller. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1960, the diary of Carolina Maria de Jesus, a poor Brazilian mum, became an international bestseller. [LISTEN NOW]
	Festac '77: Nigeria's Largest Festival Of African Arts And Culture	20250908	20250909 (WS)	In 1977, Nigeria hosted the largest festival of African arts and culture there had ever been. About half a million visitors attended, as well as 16,000 delegates including Stevie Wonder and Miriam Makeba. Dozens of African nationalities, and people from the African diaspora were represented. Headed by a military dictatorship, Nigeria spent hundreds of millions of dollars hosting nationwide events and building a new national theatre and festival village in Lagos. Among those attending was Viola Burley Leak, an African American artist and designer exhibiting her artwork. She shares her experience of the spectacular opening ceremony and late-night revelry with Louis Harnet O'Meara. An Ember production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Festival welcoming sign. Credit: AP) The 1977 celebration of African culture that attracted half a million visitors The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1977, Nigeria hosted the largest festival of African arts and culture there had ever been. Performers included Stevie Wonder and Miriam Makeba. [LISTEN NOW]
	Fifty Years Of Abba	20240401	20240402 (WS)	It's 50 years since Swedish pop group Abba won the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest. The victory provided a platform for the band to become one of the most popular and successful musical groups of all time. Abba's current manager, Görel Hanser, has been with them every step of the way. In a rare interview, she speaks to Matt Pintus about the band's meteoric rise to stardom. She also talks about Abba's break-up, the rumour that they were offered $1 billion to get back together and whether Abba Voyage will move to a new country. (Photo: ABBA pictured in 1974. Credit: Getty Images) In 1974, Swedish act Abba won the Eurovision song contest It's 50 years since Swedish pop group Abba won the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest. Their manager, Görel Hanser, speaks to Matt Pintus about the band's meteoric rise to stardom.
	Fight The Power: The Song That Became An Anthem Of Protest	20240704		It's 35 years since the release of one of the most provocative songs in music history. Fight the Power by hip-hop group, Public Enemy, was radical both politically and sonically. The song was written at the request of filmmaker, Spike Lee, who needed an anthem for his 1989 movie, Do the Right Thing. The film became a box office smash and - despite controversy surrounding Public Enemy's image - the song soon became an anthem of protest and rebellion all over the world. Public Enemy frontman, Chuck D, shares his memories of that time with Matt Pintus.
	Finding A Home For Bulgaria's Dancing Bears	20240731		In 1998, brown bears were declared a protected species in Bulgaria and the ancient tradition of forcing them to dance for people's entertainment became illegal. A veterinarian called Dr Amir Khalil helped establish a bear sanctuary in the country, to look after the retired animals. In this programme, first broadcast in 2018, he spoke to Farhana Haider. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Finding The Longest Set Of Footprints Left, By The First Vertebrate	20240312	20240313 (WS)	In 1992 off the coast of Ireland, a Swiss geology student accidentally discovered the longest set of footprints made by the first four-legged animals to walk on earth. They pointed to a new date for the key milestone in evolution when the first amphibians left the water 385 million years ago. The salamander-type animal which was the size of a basset hound lived when County Kerry was semi-arid, long before dinosaurs, as Iwan Stössel explains to Josephine McDermott. (Picture: Artwork of a primitive tetrapod. Credit: Christian Jegou/ Science Photo Library) In 1992 a student found a set of fossilised footprints from the earliest vertebrate While he was mapping rock formations in County Kerry, Ireland, Iwan Stössel stumbled across fossilised footprints from a tetrapod made 385 million years ago.
	Finding The Victims Of Stroessner's Paraguay	20240429	20240430 (WS)	It's 70 years since General Alfredo Stroessner seized power in Paraguay in a military coup. Stroessner remained in power for almost 35 years, before being toppled in 1989. More than 450 people were murdered under Stroessner's rule, with the fate of thousands more unknown. They are remembered as 'the disappeared' of Paraguay. One man has dedicated his life to finding the victims of Stroessner's dictatorship, including the remains of his own father. Rogelio Goiburu shares his story with Matt Pintus. (Photo: Rogelio Goiburu digging for the remains of Paraguay's 'disappeared'. Credit: Getty Images) One man has dedicated his life to finding the victims of Paraguay's dictatorship Rogelio Goiburu has dedicated his life to finding the victims of Alfredo Stroessner's 35 year dictatorship in Paraguay, including the remains of his own father.
	Finding The World's Most Complete T-rex Fossil	20260506	20260507 (WS)	On 12 August 1990, the world's most complete skeleton of a Tyrannosaurus rex was found in South Dakota. Deena Newman speaks to Peter Larson whose team made the landmark discovery. This programme was first broadcast in 2015. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Picture: The Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton known as Sue. Credit: Mark Wilson/Getty) In August 1990, a team discovered the most complete T-rex fossil in the world The story of our times, told by the people who were there In August 1990, the world's most complete skeleton of a Tyrannosaurus rex was discovered in South Dakota. [LISTEN NOW]
	First Internet Cafe	20240201	20240202 (WS)	The first commercial internet cafe opened in London on 1 September 1994. Eva Pascoe, from Poland, is one of the founders of Cyberia. She claims that Kylie Minogue was amongst the famous visitors and learnt how to use the internet at the cafe. Eva tells Gill Kearsley the story of how cakes, computers and Kylie came together to make this new venture a success. (Photo: Surfers at the Cyberia cafe. Credit: Mathieu Polak/Sygma via Getty Images) Cyberia, billed as the World's first internet cafe opened in London in 1994 On 1 September 1994, the first commercial internet cafe, Cyberia, opened in London. The cafe is said to have had many famous visitors, including Kylie Minogue.
	First Spacewalk	20250318	20250319 (WS)	On 18 March 1965, cosmonaut Alexei Leonov became the first person to spacewalk. He spent around 10 minutes floating above the Earth, tethered to the spaceship by a 5m “umbilical cord ?. Recalling that moment, he said: “I felt almost insignificant, like a tiny ant compared to the immensity of the universe. At the same time, I felt enormously powerful. ? But the mission didn't go smoothly. The lack of atmospheric pressure in space had caused the Soviet's spacesuit to inflate and become stiff – meaning he couldn't fit back through the spaceship airlock. “It had become a dangerous situation. Very dangerous. Life threatening ?, he said. Vicky Farncombe has been reading and listening to archive interviews with Alexei, who died in 2019, to bring you his dramatic story. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov. Credit: Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 18 March 1965, cosmonaut Alexei Leonov became the first person to spacewalk, tethered to the spaceship by a 5m “umbilical cord ?. [LISTEN NOW]
	Flavr Savr Tomato: The World's First Genetically-engineered Food	20231227	20231228 (WS)	In 1994, biotech company Calgene brought the world's first genetically-modified food to supermarket shelves. The Flavr Savr tomato kept fresh for 30 days and could be shipped long distances without going off. Yet the world was wary of this new food, and it took 10 years and $100m of investment to get it to market. In 2017, the firm's then-CEO Roger Salquist told Claire Bowes about his mission to revolutionise the world's food. (Photo: Roger Salquist with a crop of Flavr Savrs. Credit: Richard Gilmore) In 1994, a tomato became the world's first genetically-engineered food on sale In 1994, the world saw the first genetically-engineered food on supermarket shelves. It was a tomato called 'Flavr Savr', which stayed fresh for up to 30 days.
	Fleeing Afghanistan Alone As A Child	20241016	20241017 (WS)	In 1999, Waheed Arian left his family in Afghanistan to seek refuge in the UK. He was just 15. He was escaping violence, poverty and the threat of being recruited as a child soldier. He tells Vicky Farncombe about how a dream of one day becoming a doctor sustained him. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Dr Waheed Arian as a child. Credit: Dr Waheed Arian) Dr Waheed Arian escaped poverty and war in Afghanistan to begin a new life in the UK Dr Waheed Arian was a child when he left his family and home in Afghanistan to begin a new life in the UK. [LISTEN NOW]
	Franklin D Roosevelt's New Deal	20250113	20250114 (WS)	In 1933, newly-elected US President Franklin D Roosevelt attempted to drag the United States out of the depression with the New Deal. One of the biggest public spending projects in history, the programme funded hundreds of infrastructure projects and created thousands of jobs. In 2020, Lucy Burns listened to archive interviews and spoke to author Adam Cohen about how the deal changed American people's lives. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: US President Franklin D Roosevelt. Credit: Getty) In 1933, President Roosevelt enacted the New Deal to drag the US out of depression In 1933, President Franklin D Roosevelt enacted one of the biggest spending projects in history to drag the US out of the Great Depression. [LISTEN NOW]
	Freddie Mercury 'marries' Jane Seymour	20231103	20231104 (WS)	On 5 November, 1985 some of the world's top designers and music stars joined together in a special event at London's Royal Albert Hall to raise money for drought-hit Ethiopia. The rock star Freddie Mercury and the actress Jane Seymour were chosen to model the bridal collection of David and Elizabeth Emanuel. Jane Seymour tells Josephine McDermott what it was like to play the role of Freddie Mercury's bride for a fashion spectacular. (Photo: Jane Seymour and Freddie Mercury at Fashion Aid. Credit: Getty Images) The actress Jane Seymour shares what it was like being rock star Freddie Mercury's bride In 1985 some of the biggest names in fashion and music joined together for Fashion Aid. The actress Jane Seymour shares what it was like being rock star Freddie Mercury's bride.
	French Child Evacuees Of World War Two	20240305	20240306 (WS)	In August and September 1939, tens of thousands of children began to be evacuated from Paris. The move, part of France's 'passive defence' tactic, aimed to protect children from the threat of German bombardment. Colette Martel was just nine when she was taken from Paris to Savigny-Poil-Fol, a small town more than 300km from her home. She's been speaking to her granddaughter, Carolyn Lamboley, about how her life changed. She particularly remembers how she struggled to fit in with her host family, and how it all changed because of a pair of clogs. (Photo: Colette (left) with her sister Solange in 1939. Credit: family photo) In World War Two, tens of thousands of children left Paris to escape the threat of bombs In World War Two, tens of thousands of children left the French capital to the country, escaping the threat of German bombs. Nine-year-old Colette Martel was among them.
	Friends: The Making Of A Smash Hit	20240506	20240507 (WS)	When a new show called Friends hit American TV screens in September 1994, it made household names of its cast. Over ten series, it charted the lives of six young New Yorkers, through marriages, divorces, births and deaths. In 2014, executive producer Kevin Bright told Farhana Haider how the show was born - and how it became one of the biggest comedies of all time. (Picture: The cast on the last ever day of filming. Credit: David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images) Behind the scenes on one of the biggest TV comedies of all time Executive producer Ken Bright reveals how the series Friends was born. In 1994, the first episodes were broadcast.
	G\u00fcrtel Scandal: Spain's Watergate	20240112	20240113 (WS)	For two years, José Luis Peñas risked his life making secret recordings that revealed one of Spain's biggest corruption scandals. It forced the ruling party from power and brought down Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy in 2018. José Luis Peñas speaks to Ben Henderson. (Photo: Mariano Rajoy (right) moments after resigning. Credit: Pierre-Philippe Marcou/Pool via Getty Images) How one man's secret recordings revealed one of Spain's biggest corruption scandals For two years, José Luis Peñas risked his life making secret recordings that revealed one of Spain's biggest corruption scandals. It would bring down the Prime Minister in 2018.
	Geneva Conventions	20250822	20250823 (WS)	In 1859, Swiss businessman Henry Dunant witnessed the Battle of Solferino, in Italy. He couldn't believe the lack of aid for the wounded soldiers and came up with two ideas – a voluntary aid organisation and an international treaty to protect those injured in wartime. They went on to become the International Committee of the Red Cross in 1863 and the first Geneva Convention in 1864. Henry's great great great grand nephew, Gabriel Martinez, read excerpts from his book, A Memory of Solferino, to Rachel Naylor. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Participants representing 16 states during the adoption of the first Geneva Convention on 22 August 1864 in Geneva. Credit: AFP via Getty Images) In 1864, Henry Dunant came up with a treaty to protect those injured in wartime The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1864, Swiss businessman Henry Dunant came up with an international treaty to protect those injured in wartime. [LISTEN NOW]
	Georgia's Political Crisis	20240703	20240704 (WS)	Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991, the newly independent state Georgia found itself on the verge of a civil war. Rebel groups in Tbilisi came together to overthrow the newly elected President Zviad Gamsakhurdia, who was forced into hiding. Gunmen took to the streets and hospitals were overwhelmed. In 2010, Tom Esslemont spoke to Lamara Vashakidze, a survivor of Georgia's crisis. (Photo: Two Georgian soldiers stand among bomb-damaged buildings in Tbilisi. Credit: Patrick Robert/Sygma/CORBIS/Sygma via Getty Images) In 1991, the newly independent country found itself on the verge of a civil war After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, Georgia was gripped by a political and economic crisis.
	German Naturists	20241115	20241116 (WS)	Since the 19th Century, Germans have been bathing nude at the beach. The naturist movement, known as the FKK, was banned under the Nazis. People also faced official disapproval during the early years of communist rule in East Germany. Mike Lanchin spoke to German naturist, Wolfgang Haider, in 2017. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Picture: Bathers enjoy the beach. Credit: Sean Gallup via Getty Images) The naturist movement began in Germany at the end of the 19th Century Germans have been stripping off at the beach for years. The naturist movement is called FKK, an abbreviation of Freikörperkultur, which means 'free body culture'. [LISTEN NOW]
	Germany's 'green Belt'	20250411	20250412 (WS)	In December 1989, Germany's ‘Green Belt' was born. For more than 40 years, the country had been split by a 1,400km border and, in the decades the so-called ‘death zone' had existed, life flourished everywhere. In 1989, communism crumbled and, as soon as the borders opened, Kai Frobel knew he needed to act fast to stop farmers and developers. He called a meeting on 9 December, hoping a few people might come along. Around 400 people from both sides of the border joined Kai to help create what would become known as Germany's ‘Green Belt', securing life in a place which had been associated with death for decades. Professor Kai Frobel tells Laura Jones about growing up near the fortified GDR border and why it's such a special place for rare species of birds and animals. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Kai Frobel on the former border between East and West Germany. Credit: BUND Kompetenzzentrum) In December 1989, environmentalists met to secure the future of Germany's 'Green Belt The story of our times, told by the people who were there For more than 40 years, Germany was split by a 1,400km border and, in the decades the so-called ‘death zone' had existed, life flourished everywhere. [LISTEN NOW]
	Giant Gonzalez: From Nba Star To Wwe Wrestler	20240906	20240907 (WS)	In 1988, Jorge Gonzalez was a basketball star in Argentina and became the first athlete from this country drafted by an NBA team, the Atlanta Hawks. He was over 2.5m tall due to gigantism, which led to big day-to-day challenges like finding shoes his size. But it also gave him great opportunities. The Atlanta Hawks' never put Jorge on the court because he was too heavy to play. But the owner of the team, Ted Turner, proposed an alternative for Jorge, to wrestle for World Championship Wrestling, a predecessor of WWE. Julio Lamas was one of Jorge's coach in Argentina, and Bill Alfonso was a wrestling referee and Jorge's assistant. They tell Stefania Gozzer about Jorge's rise in both sports and the difficulties he faced. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Jorge Gonzalez visiting the Atlanta Hawks. Credit: AP photo/Neil Brake) Jorge Gonzalez was the first Argentinian in an NBA draft. How did he end up wrestling? In 1988, Jorge Gonzalez became the first Argentinian drafted by an NBA team. But after failing to lose weight, the team's owner proposed an alternative: wrestling.
	Gina Lollobrigida Interviews Fidel Castro	20260211	20260212 (WS)	Gina Lollobrigida was one of the biggest stars of European cinema in the 1950s and 1960s. Often described as 'the most beautiful woman in the world', her films included Beat the Devil, the Hunchback of Notre Dame and Crossed Swords. She was fawned over by Howard Hughes, one of the world's richest men, and co-starred alongside the likes of Humphrey Bogart, Frank Sinatra, Rock Hudson and Errol Flynn. But later in life, she reinvented herself as an artist and photographer. In 1974, she secured an exclusive photo shoot and interview with Cuban leader Fidel Castro, during which he gave her his watch as a gift. Ben Henderson tells her story using BBC archive. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Gina Lollobrigida in 2008. Credit: Marco Di Lauro/Getty Images) In 1974, the Italian film icon secured an exclusive interview with the Cuban leader The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1974, the Italian film icon secured an exclusive interview with the Cuban leader, during which he gave her his watch as a gift. [LISTEN NOW]
	Gloria Steinem: The Start Of Ms. Magazine	20241202	20241203 (WS)	In 1972, feminist campaigner Gloria Steinem co-founded the first magazine in the US which was owned, run and written by women. Called Ms. Magazine, it covered issues including equal rights, abortion and domestic violence. The glossy covers helped bring feminism into the mainstream. In 2022, Gloria Steinem told Louise Hidalgo that it's one of the projects of which she's most proud. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Gloria Steinem at the office of Ms. Magazine. Credit: PL Gould/IMAGES/Getty Images) In 1972, Gloria Steinem co-founded Ms. Magazine in the United States Ms. Magazine was the first publication in the US to be owned, run and written by women. Gloria Steinem was one of the founders. [LISTEN NOW]
	Glp-1: A Breakthrough For Diabetes And Obesity	20251023	20251024 (WS)	In the 1980s, scientists made a discovery that would eventually lead to the development of drugs now used worldwide to treat diabetes and to help people manage obesity through weight loss injections. One of the key scientists behind this breakthrough was Svetlana Mojsov. She discovered that a hormone called GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) plays an important role in how our bodies respond to food. Svetlana's work laid the foundation for a drug company to develop treatments based on GLP-1 — first for type 2 diabetes, and later for weight loss. She tells Gill Kearsley her story. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Injection pens. Credit: Carsten Snejbjerg/Bloomberg via Getty Images) In the 1980s, a scientific breakthrough paved the way for new treatments The story of our times, told by the people who were there Scientists in the 1980s made a discovery that would one day lead to drugs now used around the world to treat diabetes and help people lose weight. [LISTEN NOW]
	Goodluck Jonathan's Phone Call That Changed Nigeria	20250325	20250326 (WS)	In 2015 Goodluck Jonathan became the first Nigerian president to concede election defeat. It allowed the transfer of power to the opposition party in Africa's biggest democracy - a country that had hitherto experienced vote-rigging and violence. His special adviser on media and publicity Dr Reuben Abati tells Josephine McDermott about the moment when the president phoned his opponent Muhammadu Bahari to congratulate him on winning the election. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: President Goodluck Jonathan and Gen Muhammadu Buhari before the 2015 election. Credit: Getty Images) President Goodluck Jonathan's call to Muhammadu Buhari to concede election defeat in 2015 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2015 Goodluck Jonathan became the first Nigerian president to concede election defeat. His former media aide describes the historic moment. [LISTEN NOW]
	Greece's Debt Crisis	20250716	20250717 (WS)	It was a week that brought the future of Greece and the Eurozone to the brink. Ten years ago, on 6 July the Greek people voted against the terms of a financial bailout which included raising taxes and slashing welfare spending. Greece owed €323bn to various countries and banks within Europe. Its banks were closed. A quarter of the population and half of Greece's young people were unemployed. The morning after the vote, Euclid Tsakalotos was brought in to replace Yanis Varoufakis as finance minister. His predecessor had accused European leaders of “terrorism ? in their handling of the crisis. Parachuted in to last-ditch talks with angry European leaders, Euclid Tsakalotos describes to Josephine McDermott the make-or-break 17-hour summit in Brussels. He reveals that when Angela Merkel, the leader of Greece's biggest lender Germany, said she was leaving the room because she could not accept what was on the table, Donald Tusk, president of the European Council, actually locked the door to stop her leaving and force an agreement to be reached. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. On 6 July 2015, the Greek people decisively rejected the terms of a financial bailout The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 6 July 2015, the Greek people voted against the terms of a financial bailout which included raising taxes and slashing welfare spending. [LISTEN NOW]
	Guatemala's Disappeared	20240829	20240830 (WS)	More than 200,000 people were killed during Guatemala's 36-year civil war between the military and left-wing rebels which ended in 1996. Of these, an estimated 45,000 people were forcibly disappeared, their bodies buried in unmarked pits. Jeremias Tecu's two brothers were among the disappeared. They went missing after a family party in 1981. Jeremias tells Vicky Farncombe how his mother put herself in danger trying to find out what happened to them. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Jeremias Tecu. Credit: Jeremias Tecu) Jeremias Tecu's two brothers are among the thousands who disappeared in Guatemala Jeremias Tecu's two brothers are among the thousands who disappeared during Guatemala's civil war. They went missing after a family party in 1981.
	Guinea Stadium Massacre	20250926	20250927 (WS)	On 28 September 2009, around 50,0000 people took part in a rally to protest reported plans by military leader Moussa Dadis Camara to stand in the presidential election. It started peacefully, until troops, under Camara's rule entered the stadium and opened fire, killing more than 150 people. Many others were left scarred, and women raped. Asmaou Diallo's son Aly was one of those killed that day, she's been telling Megan Jones how she's been campaigning for justice ever since. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Aly with his nieces and nephew. Credit: Asmaou Diallo) On 28 September 2009, troops opened fire on around 50,000 protesters The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 28 September 2009, around 50,0000 people took part in a rally. They were protesting reported plans by military leader Moussa Dadis Camara to stand in the presidential election. [LISTEN NOW]
	Handover Of Macau	20241120		In 1999, the small territory of Macau was handed back to China after centuries of Portuguese rule. Lawyer and comedian Miguel Senna Fernandes was a member of the Macau Legislative Council and involved in the historic handover. He tells Ashley Byrne the emotions he felt as he saw the Portuguese flag being taken down from the Government Palace. A Made in Manchester production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Harold Riley's 'one Of A Kind' Portrait Of Nelson Mandela	20250327	20250328 (WS)	Harold Riley was the only artist in the world granted a sitting to capture Nelson Mandela on canvas. The unique portrait was unveiled in 2005 and raised over $1m for South African children's charities at an auction held at the Rockefeller Centre in New York. Mandela sat for the English artist six times in Cape Town and Johannesburg over 18 months which Harold Riley described as 'one of the greatest experiences' of his life. This programme was produced and presented by Reena Stanton-Sharma using archive. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Harold Riley's portrait of Nelson Mandela. Credit: Stephen Lovekin/WireImage for AOL Time Warner - Corporate Communications) A specially commissioned portrait of Nelson Mandela by Harold Riley was unveiled in 2005 The story of our times, told by the people who were there Only one only artist was ever granted a sitting to capture Nelson Mandela on canvas, and that was British painter Harold Riley. [LISTEN NOW]
	Heathers: The Making Of A Cult Classic	20250207	20250208 (WS)	In 1989, a dark teen comedy exploring self-harm and suicide flopped at cinemas. Heathers would have to wait years before achieving cult status through home video tape releases. Its stark portrayal of teenage life launched an age of more radical teen movies. Actress Lisanne Falk played one of the ‘Heathers', a titular trio of girls who ruled their school, until someone started taking them down. She tells Drew Hyndman about Heathers' journey to cult classic. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. In 1989, dark comedy Heathers was released and changed the teen movie genre In 1989, dark comedy Heathers flopped at the cinema. Over the next decade, it became a word-of-mouth hit that symbolised a new genre of teen movie. [LISTEN NOW]
	Helen Fielding: The Creator Of Bridget Jones	20251016	20251017 (WS)	In 1995, a single 30-something woman with big knickers and blue soup first appeared in a weekly column, published by British newspaper The Independent. Initially written anonymously by journalist Helen Fielding, Bridget Jones quickly became a cultural icon, as she tried to make sense of life and love. The book, Bridget Jones's Diary, became a best-seller in 1996 and the character has gone on to feature in three more books and four films. Although, some people don't agree with Bridget's obsession with her size and men, her relatability is a hit with many. Bridget's creator Helen Fielding looks back, with Megan Jones, at how one column, published 30 years ago, turned into a cultural phenomenon. Clips featured in the programme are from the film, Bridget Jones's Diary. The production companies behind it were Working Title Films, Universal Pictures, Miramax and StudioCanal. It was directed by Sharon Maguire. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Helen Fielding at a book signing. Credit: Fred Duval/FilmMagic) In 1995, a single 30-something woman first appeared in a weekly newspaper column The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1995, a single 30-something woman appeared in a weekly newspaper column. Thirty years on, Bridget Jones has become a cultural icon through bestselling books and hit films. [LISTEN NOW]
	Hillsborough Disaster	20260105	20260106 (WS)	On 15 April 1989, there was a crowd crush at a football match in Sheffield, England, which led to the death of 97 fans. It was the semi-final of the FA Cup between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest and the worst sporting disaster in UK history. Rachel Naylor speaks to Jenni Hicks, whose daughters died in the disaster. This programme contains distressing details. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: . Credit: ) The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Hiroo Onoda, Japan's Last Ww2 Soldier To Surrender	20240412	20240413 (WS)	Hiroo Onoda was an Imperial Japanese Army intelligence officer who spent nearly 30 years in the Philippine jungle, believing World War Two was still going on. Using his training in guerilla warfare, he attacked and killed people living on Lubang Island, mistakenly believing them to be enemy soldiers. He was finally persuaded to surrender in 1974 when his former commander, Yoshimi Taniguchi, found him and gave him and order. In a televised ceremony, Hiroo presented his sword to the then Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos. President Marcos returned the sword and gave him a full presidential pardon and told him he admired his courage. Hiroo died in January 2014 at the age of 91. This programme was produced and presented by Vicky Farncombe, using BBC archive. (Photo: Hiroo Onoda steps out of the jungle. Credit: Getty Images) Hiroo Onoda spent 30 years fighting in the jungle, believing the war was still going on Hiroo Onoda was an Imperial Japanese Army intelligence officer who fought in World War Two and did not surrender at the war's end in August 1945.
	Hitler's Teeth	20260408	20260409 (WS)	On 8 May 1945, Yelena Rzhevskaya was handed a small box covered in red satin. The box once held perfume but now inside - so she says - are Adolf Hitler's teeth. Yelena would later claim this would be the beginning of the search for Hitler's dental records and with it, official confirmation that the Soviet Red Army had found the burnt corpse of the German leader. According to her memoir, the hunt would take the young war interpreter on a car ride through Berlin in the dying days of World War Two. And, Yelena says, what happened would be a secret she would have to keep for 20 years. Her granddaughter Lyubov Summ talks to Jane Wilkinson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Teeth said by experts to be Adolf Hitler's teeth, Moscow, 2000. Credit: Sergei Karpukhin/Reuters) In 1945 a search begins for Hitler's dentist to prove the F\u00fchrer's corpse is genuine. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1945 a search begins for Hitler's dentist to prove the Führer's burnt corpse is genuine. A Russian war interpreter, Yelena Rzhevskaya, claims she is put in charge of his teeth. [LISTEN NOW]
	How A Billion Indians Got A Digital Id	20240509		In 2009, the Indian government embarked on an ambitious task to register all of the country's billion-plus citizens with a unique digital ID. Aadhaar - which means foundation in many Indian languages - became the world's largest ever biometrics project. It allowed millions of people to open bank accounts or access a mobile connection for the very first time. But the project also attracted considerable opposition from privacy advocates and civil rights groups, who brought a case that went all the way to India's Supreme Court. Dan Hardoon speaks to Nandan Nilekani, who chaired the Aadhaar project.
	How A Brazilian Flip-flop Took Over The World	20240521	20240522 (WS)	In 1962, a new brand of footwear launched that would become one of Brazil's most successful and best-known exports: Havaianas. As the country's footwear industry started to expand, one company wanted to make something that was comfortable, inexpensive, and ideal for South America's long hot summers. Havaianas soon became the favourite of the working class because of their affordability. Fast forward almost forty years and they featured on catwalks in Paris and Oscar goody bags in Hollywood, a surprisingly journey from their modest beginnings as the choice of farmers, builders, and tyre fitters. Johnny I'Anson has been speaking to former employee and author Sergio Sanchez about the birth of a humble flip-flop, and how they became a global success story selling 250 million pairs a year. (Photo: Rows of brightly coloured Havaianas flip-flops. Credit: Miguel Schincariol/AFP via Getty Images) Havaianas has become one of the country's most successful and best-known exports In 1962, a firm in Brazil set out to design comfortable, inexpensive shoes for the country's long hot summers. Havaianas' flip-flops were born, and soon became a global success.
	How A Maasai Community In Kenya Overcame A Deadly Drought	20260325	20260326 (WS)	In 2013, after losing most of their cattle, a Maasai community in Kajiado County formed an organisation to protect their land and culture. It's called ‘Ildalalekutuk Maasai Action for Development' and was formed by Dalmas Tiampati. The aim is to help the community become more resilient and looking for ways to protect the culture. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Dalmas Tiampati. Credit: Maasai Action for Development) In 2013, after losing most of their cattle, herders in Kajiado County came up with a plan The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2013, after losing most of their cattle, a community in Kajiado County formed an organisation to protect their land and culture. [LISTEN NOW]
	How A Young Mother Was Saved From Death, By Stoning	20240206	20240207 (WS)	In March 2002, a young Nigerian Muslim woman was sentenced to death by stoning for adultery and conceiving a child out of wedlock. Amina Lawal's case attracted huge international attention and highlighted divisions between the Christian and Muslim regions in the country. Hauwa Ibrahim, one of the first female lawyers from northern Nigeria, defended Amina and helped her secure an acquittal. The case would have very personal consequences for Hauwa who went on to adopt Amina's daughter. She tells Vicky Farncombe how the ground-breaking case also changed attitudes in Nigeria towards defendants from poor, rural communities. (Photo: Hauwa Ibrahim (left) with Amina Lawal, Credit: Getty Images) In 2003, human rights lawyer Hauwa Ibrahim defended Amina Lawal from death by stoning Amina Lawal was sentenced to death by stoning for having a child out of wedlock. Human rights lawyer Hauwa Ibrahim found an unusual way to defend her.
	How Air Jordans Were Created	20240524	20240525 (WS)	In 1984, Nike signed rookie basketball player Michael Jordan and created a shoe in his name – the Air Jordan. The unprecedented deal would change sports marketing forever. Former executive Sonny Vaccaro was the man who persuaded his bosses to put all their marketing budget on one untried player. He became convinced of Michael's talent after seeing him make the winning shot in a college game. He tells Vicky Farncombe about the challenges of persuading Michael – an Adidas fan – to sign, and how the Air Jordan's controversial black and red colour scheme upset the National Basketball Association (NBA). (Photo: Air Jordans. Credit: Getty) The story of how Nike signed basketballer Michael Jordan and launched Air Jordans Former Nike executive Sonny Vaccaro describes the deal to sign rookie player Michael Jordan, and how it changed sports marketing.
	How Ayia Napa Became A Clubbing Capital	20240719	20240720 (WS)	In the 1990s, Ayia Napa, in Cyprus, went from quiet fishing village to party resort. The Kool Club was one of the first nightclubs to open in 1995. Rachel Naylor speaks to founder and DJ Nick Power, the 'godfather of Ayia Napa'. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Kool Club, in Ayia Napa. Credit: Nick Power)
	How Bloodshed In Selma Led To The Us Voting Rights Act 1965	20250307		In March 1965, hundreds of peaceful civil rights protesters in Selma were brutally beaten by Alabama state troops. They had been marching to demonstrate against the denial of voting rights to Black Americans. The bloodshed in Selma prompted President Lyndon B Johnson to push for the Voting Rights Act of 1965, one of the most significant pieces of legislation ever passed by Congress. The landmark Act was brought in to tackle racial discrimination during elections and to guarantee the rights of African Americans to vote. Farhana Haider has been listening to the archive. A version of this programme was first broadcast in 2020. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	How Brics Got Its Name	20250929	20250930 (WS)	In 2001, a few months after 9/11, economist Jim O'Neill was working at Goldman Sachs when he wrote a report about which countries might become big players in the world economy. That's when he came up with the name BRIC - short for Brazil, Russia, India and China. At first, nothing much happened. But in 2009, those countries took his idea and ran with it, holding their first summit. Since then, the group has grown, adding South Africa to form BRICS. There are now 11 members, and it's been making headlines again, as U.S President Donald Trump threatens tariffs. Jim O'Neill speaks to Megan Jones about coming up with the acronym almost by accident and how he didn't think he'd still be talking about it almost 25 years later. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Jim O'Neill. Credit: Jim O'Neill) In 2001, economist Jim O'Neill wrote a report on countries set to shape the world economy The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2001, economist Jim O'Neill wrote a report identifying Brazil, Russia, India and China as future global players. In 2009, they held their first summit. [LISTEN NOW]
	How Brics Got Its Name	20251010	20251011 (WS)	In 2001, a few months after 9/11, economist Jim O'Neill was working at Goldman Sachs when he wrote a report about which countries might become big players in the world economy. That's when he came up with the name BRIC - short for Brazil, Russia, India and China. At first, nothing much happened. But in 2009, those countries took his idea and ran with it, holding their first summit. Since then, the group has grown, adding South Africa to form BRICS. There are now 11 members, and it's been making headlines again, as U.S President Donald Trump threatens tariffs. Jim O'Neill speaks to Megan Jones about coming up with the acronym almost by accident and how he didn't think he'd still be talking about it almost 25 years later. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Jim O'Neill. Credit: Jim O'Neill) In 2001, economist Jim O'Neill wrote a report on countries set to shape the world economy The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2001, economist Jim O'Neill wrote a report identifying Brazil, Russia, India and China as future global players. In 2009, they held their first summit. [LISTEN NOW]
	How Canc\u00fan Became A Tourist Destination	20240618	20240619 (WS)	In 1969, Antonio Enríquez Savignac was given the go-ahead to transform a secluded Mexican island into a world-beating tourist destination. The technocrat believed tourism was a cost effective solution for fixing the country's faltering economy. He was given funding from the Mexican federal government to create infrastructure on the island, including an airport. The resort would be called Cancún. More than 50 years later, Cancún welcomes more than 20 million guests to its shores every year, with over 30,000 hotels scattered across the island. However, the island has become a crime hotspot and there are major pollution problems in the area. Antonio's son, Juan Enríquez, shares his memories with Matt Pintus. (Photo: Cancún. Credit: Getty Images) In 1969, Antonio Enr\u00edquez Savignac started building Canc\u00fan How a strip of secluded Mexican island was transformed into one of the most popular holiday destinations in the world. Cancún now welcomes more 20 million guests every year.
	How Greece Got Rid Of Their King	20241112	20241113 (WS)	In 1974, Greece held a referendum to decide the future of the country's monarchy, and whether Constantine II would remain their king. Constantine had come to the throne in 1964, but he'd inherited a divided country. Political divisions, between the left and right, ran deep. In 1967, a group of army officers launched a coup, and Constantine fled into exile in England. When the military regime collapsed seven years later, the new government called a referendum to decide the fate of the country. Some of the population supported the king, but many thought the monarchy was outdated and irrelevant. Finally, in December, 1974, four and a half million people went to the polls to cast their vote. The result was two to one in favour of a republic. Constantine had lost his crown. Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the BBC archives to find out more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The wedding of King Constantine and Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark, Athens, 1964. Credit: Central Press/Getty Images) In a 1974 referendum, the Greek people voted two to one in favour of becoming a republic In a 1974 referendum, the Greek people voted two to one in favour of becoming a republic. The result meant King Constantine lost the crown which had been in his family since 1863. [LISTEN NOW]
	'how I Sold My Clothes And Created $5 Billion Vinted Empire'	20250905	20250906 (WS)	In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes when she was moving out. She told her friend Justas Janauskas and together they came up with a website to sell them. It later became Vinted, the online marketplace, which now has more than 500 million items listed for sale across 23 countries. Milda speaks to Rachel Naylor and tells her that they originally forgot to add a ‘buy' button. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Milda Mitkutė. Credit: Vinted) In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkut\u0117 realised she had too many clothes The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes and decided to sell them. [LISTEN NOW]
	'how I Sold My Clothes And Created A $5 Billion Vinted Empire'	20250905	20250906 (WS)	In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes when she was moving out. She told her friend Justas Janauskas and together they came up with a website to sell them. It later became Vinted, the online marketplace, which now has more than 500 million items listed for sale across 23 countries. Milda speaks to Rachel Naylor and tells her that they originally forgot to add a ‘buy' button. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Milda Mitkutė. Credit: Vinted) In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkut\u0117 realised she had too many clothes The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes and decided to sell them. [LISTEN NOW]
	How Lagos Fashion Week Began	20251205	20251206 (WS)	In 2011, Lagos Fashion Week debuted, putting Nigerian style on the map. Omoyemi Akerele founded the event which helped to launch the careers of designers internationally. It has grown into a major fashion event and won the 2025 Earthshot Prize for sustainability. In 2023, Omoyemi Akerele spoke to Reena Stanton-Sharma about the first show. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Founder of the Lagos Fashion and Design Week Omoyemi Akerele. Credit: Pius Utomi Ekpei/afp via Getty Images) In 2011, the event debuted, putting Nigerian style on the map The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2011, the event debuted, putting Nigerian style on the map. It has grown into a major fashion event and won the 2025 Earthshot Prize for sustainability. [LISTEN NOW]
	How Lake Karla In Greece Was Drained	20240409	20240410 (WS)	Lake Karla supported hundreds of families in Thessaly, providing fish for all of the region and beyond. Christos and Ioanna Kotsikas grew up on the shores of the wetland and have mixed memories of the lake. They too lived off its fish, but they were also victims of its floods. The lake was drained by the Greek Government in 1962, destroying a vital ecosystem. In 2023, when torrential rain poured over Thessaly, the lake was restored – but the region was devastated. Christos and Ioanna Kotsikas speak to Maria Margaronis. (Photo: Lake Karla. Credit: Maria Margaronis) In 1962, Thessaly's Lake Karla was drained by the Greek government Christos and Ioanna Kotsikas grew up near Lake Karla. They remember living off the lake's fish and recall the wetland being drained by the Greek Government in 1962.
	How Nfl Tickets Caught Fugitives	20251215	20251216 (WS)	Operation Flagship was a U.S Marshals sting operation, where some of Washington DC's most wanted fugitives, were lured to a convention centre under the pretence of having won coveted NFL tickets in December 1985. Upon their arrival, they were greeted by cheerleaders and mascots – all law enforcement officers in disguise. It led to one of America's most successful mass arrests with more than 100 people being arrested. Former US Marshal Stacia Hylton was one of the ‘cheerleaders'. She tells Uma Doraiswamy how the plan came together. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Operation Flagship invite sent out to fugitives. Credit: United States Marshals Museum) When Washington DC's most wanted were captured under the guise of winning NFL tickets The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 15 December 1985, U.S Marshals conducted a sting operation, where some of Washington DC's most wanted fugitives, were captured under the pretence of having won NFL tickets. [LISTEN NOW]
	How Nuclear Testing Changed Politics In French Polynesia	20240515		It's 20 years since elections in French Polynesia in 2004, where the independence movement stunned the France-aligned government of the day, propelling pro-independence leader Oscar Temaru to the presidency. It was a landmark in the country's politics, where protests against French rule had increased due to the practice of using Polynesian islands for nuclear tests. Antony Geros, who helped lead the independence movement, recounts that night to Lizzy Kinch. This is a Whistledown production for BBC World Service.
	How Rang De Basanti Inspired A Generation	20260312	20260313 (WS)	Released on India's Republic Day in January 2006, the Hindi film Rang De Basanti, exploded onto the cultural landscape. In its first week, it shattered box office records and inspired thousands of young Indians to pour into the streets, marching for justice. The movie's message became a rallying cry, sparking conversations about patriotism, political apathy, and the belief that ordinary people can drive extraordinary change. Reena Stanton-Sharma speaks to screenwriter Kamlesh Pandey, about his passion project which took years to bring to the big screen. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Amir Khan who starred in Rang De Basanti wearing a T-shirt with the film's slogan in 2005. Credit: Sebastian D'souza/AFP via Getty Images) Rang De Basanti was released in 2006 exploding onto the cultural landscape The story of our times, told by the people who were there Hindi film Rang De Basanti exploded onto the cultural landscape in India when it was released in 2006. It shattered box office records and inspired thousands to fight for change. [LISTEN NOW]
	How Rosa Parks Took A Stand Against Racism	20240208	20240209 (WS)	Rosa Parks was brought up in Alabama during the Jim Crow era, when state laws enforced segregation in practically all aspects of daily life. Public schools, water fountains, trains and buses all had to have separate facilities for white people and black people. As a passionate civil rights activist, Rosa was determined to change this. In December 1955, she was travelling home from the department store where she worked as a seamstress. When a white passenger boarded the bus, Rosa was told to give up her seat. Her refusal to do so and subsequent arrest sparked a bus boycott in the city of Montgomery, led by Dr Martin Luther King. Using BBC interviews with Rosa and Dr King, Vicky Farncombe tells how Rosa's story changed civil rights history and led to the end of segregation. This programme includes outdated and offensive language. (Photo: Rosa Parks sitting on a bus. Credit: Getty Images) Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her bus seat helped end segregation in the United States In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus for a white passenger and sparked the end of segregation in the United States.
	How The Air Fryer Was Invented	20240708	20240709 (WS)	In 2006, Dutch engineer Fred van der Weij invented a kitchen device that changed the way many of us cook today: the air fryer. Fred's first prototype was nearly as big as a dog kennel and made of wood and aluminium, with a chicken wire basket. It was only a partial success. But Fred was certain he could make the machine work thanks to an idea he patented called rapid air technology. Four years later, and after several more prototypes, Fred took his invention to the electronics company, Philips, and signed a deal. Today, there are many other air fryer brands and models, and by the end of 2024, it's estimated 80 million will have been sold around the world. Fred died of cancer in 2022 but his daughter Suus van der Weij witnessed the development of his invention. She told Jane Wilkinson about the family's pride in her father. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Fred van der Weij with his prototypes. Credit: van der Weij family) In 2006, Dutch inventor Fred van der Weij cooked up an idea for a new kitchen device In 2006, Dutch engineer Fred van der Weij invented a kitchen device that changed the way many of us cook today. Fred's first air fryer was as big as a dog kennel and made of wood.
	How The Bosnian War Ended	20251121	20251122 (WS)	The Dayton Peace Accords were signed on the 21 November 1995, ending the three-and-a-half-year war in Bosnia. The war was part of the break-up of Yugoslavia; it is estimated that 100,000 people were killed. In 2010, Lucy Williamson spoke to Milan Milutinović who was one of the leading negotiators for the Serbian delegation about the final 24 hours of negotiations. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: President Slobodan Milosevic of Serbia (left), President Alija Izetbegovic of Bosnia-Herzegovina and President Franjo Tudjman of Croatia sign the Dayton Agreement. Credit: Paul J Richards/AFP via Getty Images) On 21 November 1995, the Dayton Peace accords were signed The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	How The Cia Caught 'carlos The Jackal'	20240815	20240816 (WS)	Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, known as ‘Carlos the Jackal', carried out bombings, killings and kidnappings. Born in Venezuela, he was considered one of the most notorious political militants of the 1970s and 80s. After years on the run, he was captured in the Sudanese capital Khartoum in 1994. Former CIA operative Billy Waugh tracked him down. He spoke to Alex Last in 2014, before his death in 2023. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Ilich Ramirez Sanchez, aka 'Carlos'. Credit: Thomas Coex / AFP via Getty Images) One of the world's most wanted men had been on the run for decades. Venezuelan militant Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, known as 'Carlos the Jackal', was once the world's most wanted fugitive. He was captured in the Sudanese capital Khartoum in 1994.
	How The Hoverboard Was Created	20251224		It was Back to the Future II that made a generation of children dream of travelling by hoverboard. In the 1989 film, the hero Marty McFly escapes from his arch nemesis Biff by jumping on a flying skateboard. But it wasn't until 2011 that inventor Shane Chen came up with the next best thing – a motorised skateboard that moves intuitively and gives the rider a feeling of floating. The creation became the must-have toy of 2015 and social media was flooded with videos of celebrities trying it out. But the hoverboard never brought riches for Shane. He tells Vicky Farncombe how cheap knock-offs stole his profits and caused fires and accidents. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
	How The Milgram 'obedience' Experiment Shocked The World	20240430	20240501 (WS)	In 1961, the American psychologist Stanley Milgram began a series of controversial experiments on ‘obedience to authority'. His study aimed to show how ordinary people could be capable of committing evil acts, if ordered to do so. He wanted to understand the psychology behind genocide, telling the BBC: “How is it possible that ordinary people who were courteous and decent in everyday life, can act callously, inhumanely, without any limitations of conscience? ? During the tests, participants were led to believe that they were assisting an unrelated experiment, in which they had to administer electric shocks to another person. These fake shocks gradually increased to levels that would have been harmful had they been real volunteers. Vicky Farncombe looks back at the experiment, using BBC archive. This programme includes original recordings of the experiments which listeners may find disturbing. (Photo: Stanley Milgram beside the shock generator. Credit: BBC) The study aimed to test whether 'ordinary' people were capable of committing evil acts In 1961, the psychologist Stanley Milgram began a series of experiments to understand whether 'ordinary' people could commit evil acts if ordered to do so.
	How The Philippines Saved Jews During World War Two	20250912	20250913 (WS)	On 15 September 1935, following the introduction of the Nuremberg Laws in Nazi Germany, seven year old Lotte Hershfield and her family left their home in Breslau, which was part of Germany and is now known as Wroclaw in Poland. Their journey took them across continents by ship, train and on horse and cart. They eventually arrived in Manila, the capital of the Philippines, one of the few places welcoming Jewish refugees fleeing persecution. As they rebuilt their lives, Japan launched a surprise attack on Pearl Harbour and soon after, invaded the Philippines. When United States forces eventually reclaimed the islands, Lotte and her family once again packed up their lives, this time settling in Baltimore, Maryland. Now aged 94, Lotte has been sharing the memories of her life in Manila with Megan Jones. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Lotte Hershfield. Credit: Lotte Hershfield) In 1935, after the Nuremberg Laws were passed, Manila opened its doors to Jewish families The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1935, after the Nuremberg Laws were introduced, Manila offered refuge to Jews fleeing persecution. Years later, their lives changed again when Pearl Harbour was attacked. [LISTEN NOW]
	How The Qr Code Was Invented	20241010	20241011 (WS)	In 1994, bar codes were in widespread use in businesses around the world, but the Japanese car component company, Denso Wave, wanted something quicker. So they asked one of their engineers, Masahiro Hara, to come up with a solution. After playing his favourite board game, Go, he came back with an idea. He designed a black and white square of data that was fast, practical, and could handle more than 200 times the information contained in a barcode. It was called the Quick Response code, or QR for short. And today it's used, in some form, by millions of us around the world every day. Masahiro Hara tells Jane Wilkinson about his pride in his invention. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A QR code connecting to the Witness History episode about... QR codes! Credit: BBC) In 1994 Japanese engineer Masahiro Hara designed a square of data, now known as a QR code In 1994, Japanese engineer Masahiro Hara designed a black and white square of data that's used, in some form, by millions of us every day. It was the first Quick Response code. [LISTEN NOW]
	How To Win Friends And Influence People	20240501	20240502 (WS)	In 1936, Dale Carnegie wrote one of the world's most popular self help books - How to Win Friends and Influence People. The idea was suggested by a book editor who had attended one of Dale's public speaking courses in New York. The result was a mix of psychology, philosophy and good old-fashioned common sense. Dale offered advice like: Smile. Give praise. Be a good listener. And remember people's names. The book went on to become a best seller. Today, more than 30 million copies have been sold worldwide, and it's been translated into 36 languages. Even the title is part of popular culture. Dale's daughter Donna Dale Carnegie tells Jane Wilkinson about the secret of its success. In 1936 Dale Carnegie wrote the self help book - How to Win Friends and Influence People In 1936 Dale Carnegie wrote one of the world's most popular self help books - How to Win Friends and Influence People. Today, more than 30 million copies have been sold globally. (Photo: How to Win Friends and Influence People in 1955. Credit: Frederic Hamilton/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
	Hunting The Unabomber	20250120	20250121 (WS)	During a 17-year bombing campaign, an elusive terrorist known as the Unabomber killed three and injured 23 Americans. In 1995, he contacted The New York Times and The Washington Post promising to stop his terror attacks if they published his 35,000-word manifesto. The document explained his aim: to dismantle modern industrial society. On the advice of the FBI and the Attorney General, the newspapers published the manifesto, which led to the Unabomber's downfall. Dr Kathleen Puckett was an FBI agent who uncovered his identity. She speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Theodore 'Ted' Kaczynski in custody. Credit: Michael Macor/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images) In September 1995, US newspapers controversially published a terrorist's manifesto In September 1995, US newspapers controversially published a terrorist's manifesto. It led to the end of his 17-year bombing campaign which killed three and injured 23 Americans. [LISTEN NOW]
	'i Created Masterchef'	20241223		In 1990, a cookery programme launched on BBC TV that would become a global phenomenon. Today, Masterchef airs in 70 countries around the world and has an estimated audience of one billion people. British film director Franc Roddam tells Vicky Farncombe how the idea for Masterchef came to him after he heard Hollywood bigwigs - including Mel Brooks - mocking British food. He wanted to prove that the UK was a nation of talented home cooks - like his mum who was feted for her stew and dumplings. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	I Designed Hello Kitty	20240628	20240629 (WS)	In 1974 an unknown Japanese artist put pen to paper and created a character that would go on to be worth more than $80 billion. The illustration was titled ‘Unknown White Cat' but you will probably know it better as Hello Kitty. The artist, Yuko Shimizu, designed Hello Kitty while she was working for the firm Sanrio. Fast forward 50 years and Yuko's friendly feline has been on a fair few adventures including going to space and becoming Japan's ambassador for tourism. Yuko tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty the secrets behind Hello Kitty's ‘cuteness' and introduces her latest character, the stylish French bulldog Rebecca Bonbon. (Photo: Hello Kitty. Credit: Getty Images) In 1974, a Japanese artist created a character who is now worth more than $80 billion
	'i Designed The Indian Rupee Symbol'	20251007	20251008 (WS)	In 2009, the Indian government launched a national competition to find a design for the Indian rupee. With more than 3,000 entries and five finalists, the winning design was announced on 15 July 2010. The designer was by Udaya Kumar Dharmalingam, a student at the Industrial Design Centre at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Udaya Kumar Dharmalingam on 15 July 2010. Credit: Abhijit Bhatlekar/Mint via Getty Images) On 15 July 2010, India announced its official currency symbol The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2010, Udaya Kumar Dharmalingam won the national competition to design the Indian rupee symbol. [LISTEN NOW]
	I Found The First Dinosaur Remains In Antarctica	20241022	20241023 (WS)	Argentinian geologist Eduardo Olivero became the first scientist to find the remains of a dinosaur in Antarctica in 1986. But digging in frozen ground is not easy, so recovering them took several trips over a decade. Eduardo had to work with discretion and hide the fossils a couple of times to prevent other scientists from taking away his discovery. It was later proven the dinosaur is a new kind of Ankylosaurus that now carries his name: Antarctopelta oliveroi. He speaks to Stefania Gozzer about the challenges he faced working below freezing point in Antarctica and the friendly rivalries that rise in such a remote environment. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Eduardo with the first remains he found in Antarctica. Credit: Eduardo Olivero) In 1986, Argentinian geologist Eduardo Olivero discovered a new kind of Ankylosaurus In 1986, Argentinian geologist Eduardo Olivero found the first remains of a dinosaur in Antarctica. But he had to work discreetly, hiding the fossils to protect his discovery. [LISTEN NOW]
	I Led The 'umbrella' Protests	20240902	20240903 (WS)	Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. On the 26 September 2014 Nathan Law stood on a makeshift stage outside Hong Kong's central government complex and chanted ‘Democracy Now' and ‘Freedom' into a microphone. He was leading hundreds of protesters who had gathered to demand that China grants Hong Kong free and fair elections. As the day went on the protest continued to grow and it wasn't long before Nathan's face was all over the news. Then at 2am his microphone was cut off and the protest plunged into darkness as plain-clothed police officers rushed to the stage and arrested him. Nathan tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how despite his arrest the protests continued to grow into some of the largest Hong Kong had ever seen lasting 79 days in total. (Picture: Umbrella Protests. Credit: Getty Images) In September 2014, Nathan Law led Hong Kong's 'Umbrella' Protests On the 26 September 2014 Nathan Law stood on a makeshift stage outside Hong Kong's central government complex and led one of the largest protests Hong Kong has ever seen
	'i Organised The Cuban Thaw'	20241210	20241211 (WS)	On 17 December 2014, United States president Barack Obama and the leader of Cuba, Raúl Castro, announced the normalisation of their countries' relations, ending 54 years of hostility. The announcement was a shock to most except a few trusted aides who had worked for18 months to make it happen. Alejandro Castro, Raúl Castro's son, represented the Cuban side. While Ben Rhodes, Obama's speech writer, was sent by the US. Ben tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how he and Alejandro found common ground whilst hashing out decades of bad blood. They eventually flew to Vatican City to officially commit to Cuba and the United States' new co-operative future. In 2017, President Donald Trump partially rolled back on the deal, tightening rules affecting travel and on sending funds to the Caribbean island nation. Ben says: “The US government made a liar out of me. I felt betrayed. ? Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Raúl Castro and Barack Obama. Credit: Getty Images) On 17 December 2014, Barack Obama and Ra\u00fal Castro normalised Cuba and US relations [LISTEN NOW]
	I Starred In Pan's Labyrinth	20260311	20260312 (WS)	In 2006, Ivana Baquero starred in Guillermo del Toro's Spanish-language film Pan's Labyrinth. The film tells the story of an 11-year-old girl who meets mythical creatures on a quest to achieve immortality and return to the underworld as a princess. However, it isn't your typical fairy tale. Set in 1944, against the backdrop of Franco's fascist Spain, the film is hard-hitting and at times violent. Ivana Baquero speaks to Tim O'Callaghan about starring in the film when she was an 11-year-old. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Ivana Baquero at the premiere of Pan's Labyrinth in 2006. Credit: Reuters/Fred Prouser) In 2006, a Spanish-language film became a cult classic and took the world by storm The story of our times, told by the people who were there Ivana Baquero was 11 when she starred in Guillermo del Toro's film which won awards around the world. [LISTEN NOW]
	'i Started Vinted'	20250905	20250906 (WS)	In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes when she was moving out. She told her friend Justas Janauskas and together they came up with a website to sell them. It later became Vinted, the online marketplace, which now has more than 500 million items listed for sale across 23 countries. Milda speaks to Rachel Naylor and tells her that they originally forgot to add a ‘buy' button. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Milda Mitkutė. Credit: Vinted) In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkut\u0117 realised she had too many clothes The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2008, Lithuanian student Milda Mitkutė realised she had too many clothes and decided to sell them. [LISTEN NOW]
	'i Taught The Dalai Lama'	20260219	20260220 (WS)	In 1944, two Austrian mountaineers fled into the forbidden land of Tibet to escape from a prisoner-of-war camp in India. Heinrich Harrer and his friend Peter Aufschnaiter spent seven years there. Harrer became a tutor to the young Dalai Lama, Tibet's spiritual leader. He later wrote a famous account of his visit called Seven Years in Tibet. Simon Watts presented and produced this episode in 2016, using interviews with Harrer from the BBC Archive. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Portrait of the young Dalai Lama. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images) In the late 1940s, an Austrian mountaineer becomes the young Dalai Lama's tutor The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1944, Austrian mountaineer, Heinrich Harrer, fled to Tibet to escape a prisoner-of-war camp and later became the young Dalai Lama's tutor. [LISTEN NOW]
	'i Took The Famous Photo Of Jfk And His Son'	20251002	20251003 (WS)	On 2 October 1963, American photographer Stanley Tretick took the best picture of his life – a photo of President John F Kennedy working at the Resolute Desk in the White House, with his two-year-old son ‘John-John' peeking out a secret door underneath. The photo was published in Look magazine a month later, days after the President was assassinated. Rachel Naylor uses the transcript of an interview with Stanley, provided by the John F Kennedy Library and Museum, to tell the story of how he captured his most famous shot. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The photo Stanley Tretick took of JFK and his son. Credit: Alamy) On 2 October 1963, Stanley Tretick took a well-known picture of President John F Kennedy The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 2 October 1963, American photographer Stanley Tretick took a well-known picture of President John F Kennedy working at the Resolute Desk in the White House. [LISTEN NOW]
	'i Wrote Schindler's List'	20250116	20250117 (WS)	In 1980, Australian author Thomas Keneally stumbled across the story of Oskar Schindler while buying a briefcase in Beverly Hills, in the USA. The owner of the shop, a Polish Jew called Leopold Pfefferberg, told Thomas that a Nazi party member had saved him, his wife and many others from the Holocaust, by employing them in his enamel factory. Thomas tells Rachel Naylor why Oskar was such a compelling subject, full of contradictions, and why he believes his book has lasting appeal. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Thomas Keneally at his home in Bilgola Beach, Australia, in 1981. Credit: Martin James Brannan/Fairfax Media via Getty Images) In 1980, Australian author Thomas Keneally stumbled across the story of Oskar Schindler while buying a briefcase in the USA. [LISTEN NOW]
	I Wrote The Champions League Anthem	20250526	20250527 (WS)	In 1992, European football was at a turning point. The European Cup was going to be replaced with a new format: The Champions League. European football's governing body, Uefa wanted a classical theme to accompany the new competition, in an attempt to try and fix the image of football which was mired by hooliganism at the time. Tony Britten was the man tasked with writing such a piece of music. He tells Tim O'Callaghan how he did it. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Tony in his studio. Credit: Mark Fawcet) The story of how one of the most iconic tunes in sport was created The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Champions League was created in 1992 by European football's governing body Uefa and they wanted to create a theme to go with it. European football's governing body UEFA wanted to a classical theme to accompany the new competition, in an attempt to try and fix the image of football which was mired by hooliganism at the time. Tony Britten was the man tasked with writing such a piece of music; he's been speaking to Tim O'Callaghan. [LISTEN NOW]
	'i Wrote The Champions League Anthem'	20250526	20250527 (WS)	In 1992, European football was at a turning point. The European Cup was going to be replaced with a new format: The Champions League. European football's governing body, Uefa wanted a classical theme to accompany the new competition, in an attempt to try and fix the image of football which was mired by hooliganism at the time. Tony Britten was the man tasked with writing such a piece of music. He tells Tim O'Callaghan how he did it. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Tony in his studio. Credit: Mark Fawcet) The story of how one of the most iconic tunes in sport was created in 1992 The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Champions League was created in 1992 by European football's governing body Uefa and they wanted to create a theme to go with it. [LISTEN NOW]
	Ibadan Zoo	20240118	20240119 (WS)	British zoologist Bob Golding turned the University of Ibadan's zoo into one of Nigeria's biggest tourist attractions in the 1970s. The zoo was famous for two gorillas he rescued from traffickers. And Bob's animal kingdom even had its own TV show. His wife, Peaches Golding, tells Ben Henderson how he did it. (Photo: Bob Golding. Credit: bobgolding.co.uk) Bob Golding turned Ibadan Zoo into one of Nigeria's biggest attractions in the 1970s British zoologist Bob Golding turned the University of Ibadan's zoo into one of Nigeria's biggest tourist attractions in the 1970s. His wife, Peaches Golding, looks back.
	Ice Bucket Challenge	20240802	20240803 (WS)	In 2014, the ice bucket challenge craze took over the internet. Millions of people including sports stars and celebrities filmed themselves being doused in ice cold water for charity. Nancy Frates' son Pete helped to make the ice bucket challenge become a phenomenon. Nancy tells Gill Kearsley the poignant story of how the challenge went from a simple idea to world news. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Pete Frates takes part in the ice bucket challenge. Credit: Barry Chin/The Boston Globe via Getty Images) The ice bucket challenge became a worldwide phenomenon in 2014 Millions of people filmed themselves being doused in ice cold water for charity in 2014, when the ice bucket challenge became a worldwide phenomenon.
	Icelandic Women's Strike	20240220	20240221 (WS)	In October 1975, 90% of women in Iceland took part in a nationwide protest over inequality. Factories and banks were forced to close and men were left holding the children as 25,000 women took to the streets. In 2015, Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, later Iceland's first female president, told Kirstie Brewer about the impact of that day. (Photo: Women take to the streets. Credit: The Icelandic Women's History Archives) In 1975, 90% of all women in Iceland took part in a massive nationwide protest In 1975, 90% of Iceland's women took part in a nationwide protest over inequality and forced normal life to an abrupt halt.
	Imelda Marcos's Famous Shoe Collection	20240523	20240524 (WS)	In 2001, more than 700 pairs of Imelda Marcos's shoes were put on display at the Marikina Shoe Museum in the Philippines. The wife of the dictator President Ferdinand Marcos, became famous for buying shoes, while millions of Filipinos were living in poverty. It's thought she had in around 3,000 pairs. Ella Rule has been through the archive to tell the story of Imelda and her shoes. (Photo: Imelda Marcos' shoe collection. Credit: Christophe LOVINY/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) In 2001, more than 700 pairs of Imelda Marcos' shoes became museum exhibits in Marikina Former first lady of the Philippines, Imelda Marcos, was famous for her shoe collection. It is believed she had around 3,000 pairs.
	In Event Of Moon Disaster: 'the Speech That Never Was'	20250319	20250320 (WS)	“Fate has ordained that the men who went to the moon to explore in peace will stay on the moon to rest in peace. ? These are the opening lines of the 'In Event of Moon Disaster' speech, written in 1969 in case the moon landing astronauts did not make it home. They were composed by President Richard Nixon's speechwriter, William Safire, who died in 2009, at the age of 79. The speech continued: “These brave men, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin, know that there is no hope for their recovery. But they also know that there is hope for mankind in their sacrifice. ? Using archive from the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and NASA, Vicky Farncombe tells the story of “the speech that never was ?. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Edwin 'Buzz' Aldrin on the moon. Credit: Getty Images) Richard Nixon's contingency speech in case the moon landing astronauts never made it home The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1969, William Safire wrote a speech for President Richard Nixon to read in case the moon landing astronauts never made it back to Earth. These are the opening lines of the 'In Event of Moon Disaster' speech, written in case the moon landing astronauts did not make it home. “Certainly nothing I ever wrote that was spoken with as important to what was not never spoken, ? said William. [LISTEN NOW]
	In Exile From Iran	20241105		On 16 January 1979, the Shah of Iran and his wife, Farah Pahlavi, left Iran for the last time. There had been increasingly violent protests against Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's regime. Ayatollah Khomeini returned to Iran on 1 February after 14 years of exile. Following a referendum, he declared an Islamic Republic on 1 April 1979. In 1985, social scientist Rouhi Shafi, also left Iran and chose London as her home. Lucy Williamson spoke to both women in 2010. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Official portrait of Empress Farah Pahlavi from 1979. Credit: Pictures From History/Universal Images Group via Getty Images) Former empress Farah Pahlavi and social scientist Rouhi Shafi speak about leaving Iran The former Empress of Iran, Farah Pahlavi left in 1979 with her husband, the Shah. Years later social scientist, Rouhi Shafi, also left the country. [LISTEN NOW]
	India Goes To The Un	20251127	20251128 (WS)	In 1946, an Indian woman made history by leading her country's first delegation to the United Nations. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit described it as a moment that reshaped her life. As the sister of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister, she was already in the public eye, but stepping onto the global stage was far from easy. She grappled with doubt before accepting the role at the United Nations. This programme is made in collaboration with BBC Archives. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit speaking at the United Nations. Credit: Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit led India's first delegation to the United Nations The story of our times, told by the people who were there An Indian woman made history by leading her country's first delegation to the United Nations in 1946. [LISTEN NOW]
	Indian Ocean Tsunami - Aceh	20241231	20250101 (WS)	An earthquake off the coast of Indonesia on 26 December 2004, triggered a tsunami which cost the lives of an estimated 230,000 people around the Indian Ocean. It was one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded. Dendy Montgomery was living in the city of Banda Aceh in Indonesia which was laid to waste by the disaster. He spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2013. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A man walks amongst through rubble in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Credit: BAY ISMOYO/AFP via Getty Images) In 2004, a deadly tsunami swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean On December 26 2004, an earthquake struck off the coast of Indonesia, triggering a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean. [LISTEN NOW]
	Indian Ocean Tsunami - Tamil Nadu	20241230	20241231 (WS)	On 26 December 2004, an earthquake struck off the coast of Indonesia sparking a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean. In India, Choodamani and Karibeeran Paramesvaran's children Rakshanya, 12, Karuyna, nine, and Kirubasan, five, were killed. A bereft Karibeeran asked his wife to buy them some poison but Choodamani heard a voice from God telling her to help those in need. The next day the couple returned home with four children who'd lost their parents. They named their home Nambikkai which means Hands of Hope in Tamil and have looked after 42 orphans to date. They speak to Reena Stanton-Sharma about their remarkable story. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Karibeeran and his wife Choodamani Paramesvaran with some of the orphaned children. Credit: AP Photo/Gurinder Osan) On 26 December 2004, communities around the Indian Ocean were swept away by a tsunami An earthquake off the coast of Indonesia on 26 December 2004, triggered a tsunami which swept away entire communities around the Indian Ocean. [LISTEN NOW]
	India's 1998 Nuclear Tests	20241206	20241207 (WS)	In May 1998, India conducted five nuclear tests, drawing international condemnation. It was the first time the country had tested nuclear weapons for 24 years. Governments including the USA and Japan imposed economic sanctions on India, while Pakistan promised the tests “would not go unanswered ?. Weeks later, Pakistan tested their own nuclear weapons. In response, the Indian artist, Nalini Malani, created a video installation showing the horrors of nuclear war. It was displayed in Mumbai for 10 days generating heated debate. She recounts her memories to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Nalini Malani. Credit: Nora Tam/South China Morning Post via Getty Images) Nalini Malani made an artwork protesting against India's nuclear tests In May 1998, India conducted five nuclear tests, drawing international condemnation. In response, Nalini Malani created a video installation showing the horrors of nuclear war. [LISTEN NOW]
	India's Capsule Coal Mine Rescue	20241113	20241114 (WS)	In November 1989, mining engineer Jaswant Singh Gill saved 65 miners from the Mahabir Coal Mine, in India. The miners, who had been trapped for three days after a flood, were winched out one by one using a tiny, steel capsule. Rachel Naylor speaks to Jaswant's son, Sarpreet Singh Gill. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Jaswant Singh Gill, next to the capsule. Credit: Sarpreet Singh Gill) In November 1989, 65 miners were rescued from the Mahabir Coal Mine, in India On 13 November 1989, mining engineer Jaswant Singh Gill saved 65 miners from the Mahabir Coal Mine, in India. On 13 November 1989, 65 miners were rescued from the Mahabir Coal Mine, in India [LISTEN NOW]
	India's Disability Law	20251216	20251217 (WS)	In December 1995, India's parliament passed the country's first disability rights legislation. The landmark law aimed to give full participation and equality rights to an estimated 60 million people - around five percent of India's population who are affected by physical or mental disabilities. In 2015, Farhana Haider spoke to disability rights activist Javed Abidi who led the campaign to change the law. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Javed Abidi with a crowd of protestors demonstrating over disabled rights. Credit: NCPEDP) In 1995, the first disability rights legislation was passed by India's parliament The story of our times, told by the people who were there In December 1995, the first disability rights legislation was passed by India's parliament, giving full participation and equality rights to an estimated 60 million people. [LISTEN NOW]
	India's First Female Bartender	20240822	20240823 (WS)	In 1996, an Indian government minister said that the work of women serving in bars 'is not suited in our Indian culture ?. There were protests and restrictions on women working in bars up until 2007 when a ruling lifted restrictions and saw female bartenders in India become headline news across the world. Shatbhi Basu became known as India's first female bartender and has been in the business since 1981. She tells Gill Kearsley her story. (Photo: cocktails. Credit: Shcherbak Volodymyr via Getty images) The story of the woman who became known as India's first female bartender In 2007, restrictions were lifted on female bartenders in India, making headline news across the world. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	India's First Nuclear Test	20260305	20260306 (WS)	In May 1974 India successfully detonated its first atomic device. It had been developed in secret with the codename Smiling Buddha. India called it a Peaceful Nuclear Explosion, though the experimental device was in effect a plutonium bomb. The test was seen as a triumph of Indian science and technology, but it led to the suspension of international nuclear co-operation with India, and spurred Pakistan to speed up development of its own nuclear bomb. Dr S.K Sikka, was one of India's leading nuclear scientists, and spoke to Alex Last in 2018 about his role in the secret project. Dr Sikka died in 2023 at the age of 82. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: A crater showing the aftermath of the nuclear test. Credit: Reuters) How India secretly developed and tested its first atomic device in 1974 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In May 1974 India successfully detonated its first atomic device, which had been developed in secret, codenamed Smiling Buddha. [LISTEN NOW]
	India's Mars Orbiter Mission	20240923	20240924 (WS)	In 2014, India's Mars Orbiter Mission meant the country was the first in the world to successfully place a satellite into orbit around Mars on its initial attempt. The mission, named Mangalyaan, was one of the cheapest interplanetary missions ever. It cost less than a Hollywood film. Indian scientist, Dr Mylswamy Annadurai, also known as ‘moon man of India,' was programme director for the mission. He tells Gill Kearsley about this momentous event. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The control centre for India's Mars Orbiter Mission. Credit: Pallava Bagla/Corbis via Getty Images) India placed a satellite into orbit around Mars on its first attempt in 2014 In 2014, India placed a satellite into orbit around Mars. The mission, known as Mangalyaan, made the country the first in the world to succeed on its initial attempt. [LISTEN NOW]
	India's Plague Outbreak	20240918	20240919 (WS)	In 1994, the pneumonic plague broke out in the city of Surat, causing mass panic. It saw the largest migration across India since independence was declared in 1947. Ashley Byrne speaks to Doctor Vibha Marfatia who fled along with her family. This was a made in Manchester production for the BBC World Service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Surat, India, during the plague outbreak. Credit: RAVEENDRAN/AFP via Getty Images) In 1994, hundreds of thousands of people fled the city of Surat After the pneumonic plague broke out, the city of Surat went from being one of the dirtiest cities in India, to the cleanest. [LISTEN NOW]
	India's Voice At The United Nations: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit	20251127	20251128 (WS)	In 1946, an Indian woman made history by leading her country's first delegation to the United Nations. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit described it as a moment that reshaped her life. As the sister of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister, she was already in the public eye, but stepping onto the global stage was far from easy. She grappled with doubt before accepting the role at the United Nations. This programme is made in collaboration with BBC Archives. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit speaking at the United Nations. Credit: Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit lead India's first delegation to the United Nations The story of our times, told by the people who were there An Indian woman made history by leading her country's first delegation to the United Nations in 1946. [LISTEN NOW]
	Inside The Cuban Thaw	20260430	20260501 (WS)	On 17 December 2014, United States president Barack Obama and the leader of Cuba, Raúl Castro, announced the normalisation of their countries' relations, ending 54 years of hostility. The announcement was a shock to most except a few trusted aides who had worked for 18 months to make it happen. Alejandro Castro, Raúl Castro's son, represented the Cuban side, while Ben Rhodes, Obama's speech writer, was sent by the US. Speaking to Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty in 2024, Ben explains how he and Alejandro found common ground whilst hashing out decades of bad blood. They eventually flew to Vatican City to officially commit to a new co-operative future. In 2017, President Donald Trump partially rolled back on the deal, tightening rules affecting travel and on sending funds to the Caribbean island nation. Ben says: “The US government made a liar out of me. I felt betrayed. ? Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Barack Obama shakes hands with Raul Castro at Nelson Mandela's memorial service in 2013. Credit: Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images) In 2014, secret negotiations aimed to improve relations between the US and Cuba The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2014, secret talks aimed to improve relations between the United States and Cuba. We go behind the scenes with one of the US negotiators. [LISTEN NOW]
	Intervision Song Contest	20250512	20250513 (WS)	In 1980, Finnish singer Marion Rung won the Intervision Song Contest. Born in the 1960s, Intervision was the Eastern Bloc's answer to Eurovision. It ran until 1980, although in 2025 Russia's President Vladimir Putin ordered its revival. Finland, which maintained neutrality during the Cold War, was one of the few countries to participate in both competitions. Marion Rung achieved top 10 Eurovision finishes in 1962 and 1973 before winning Intervision. She speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Marion Rung performing at the Intervision Song Contest in 1980. Credit: Juha Jormanainen/Shutterstock) In 1980, Finnish singer Marion Rung won Intervision, the USSR's answer to Eurovision The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1980, Finnish singer Marion Rung won the Intervision Song Contest, the USSR's answer to Eurovision. Marion also achieved top 10 Eurovision finishes in 1962 and 1973. Born in 1965, Intervision was the Eastern Bloc's answer to Eurovision. It ran until 1980, although in 2025 Russia's President Vladimir Putin ordered its revival. [LISTEN NOW]
	Inventing Nutella	20231225	20231226 (WS)	In 1946, Italian confectioner Pietro Ferrero set out to bring chocolate to the masses. His recipe evolved over the years to become a world-famous product. Thomas Chatenier from the manufacturer tells Uma Doraiswamy how the chocolate and hazelnut formula spread across the globe. (Photo: The famous spread. Credit: Robert Gauthier/Los Angeles Times/Getty Images) How the chocolate and hazelnut spread was created in 1946 In 1946, Italian confectioner Pietro Ferrero set out to bring chocolate to the masses. His chocolate and hazelnut recipe evolved over the years to become a world-famous product.
	Inventing Playdoh	20251223	20251224 (WS)	In 1956, one of the world's most beloved children's toys went on sale for the first time, but its origins were surprising. The modelling clay had started out as a household cleaning product. In the days when homes were heated by coal fires, it was used to clean soot and dirt from wallpaper. But its manufacturer ran into trouble as oil and gas heating became increasingly popular. Then Kay Zufall, whose brother-in-law owned the firm, had an idea. Her children enjoyed using the putty to make ornaments and jewellery so she suggested the company switch markets and give the clay a new name. Playdoh was born. According to the current brand owners, more than three billion cans have been sold in 80 countries around the world. Peg Roberts, Kay's daughter, tells Jane Wilkinson how her mother had the idea. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Playdoh. Credit: Anacleto Rapping/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1956, one of the world's most beloved children's toys went on sale, but its origins were unusual. The modelling clay started out as a product to clean soot from wallpaper. [LISTEN NOW]
	Inventing Play-doh	20251223	20251224 (WS)	In 1956, one of the world's most beloved children's toys went on sale for the first time, but its origins were surprising. The modelling clay had started out as a household cleaning product. In the days when homes were heated by coal fires, it was used to clean soot and dirt from wallpaper. But its manufacturer ran into trouble as oil and gas heating became increasingly popular. Then Kay Zufall, whose brother-in-law owned the firm, had an idea. Her children enjoyed using the putty to make ornaments and jewellery so she suggested the company switch markets and give the clay a new name. Play-Doh was born. According to the current brand owners, more than three billion cans have been sold in 80 countries around the world. Peg Roberts, Kay's daughter, tells Jane Wilkinson how her mother had the idea. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Play-Doh. Credit: Anacleto Rapping/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1956, one of the world's most beloved children's toys went on sale, but its origins were unusual. The modelling clay started out as a product to clean soot from wallpaper. [LISTEN NOW]
	Inventing The Black Box	20231101		On 23 March 1962, a prototype of the first cockpit flight recorder, the black box, was tested in Australia. In the early 1950s, fuel scientist David Warren, who worked in the Australian government's aeronautical research laboratories, attended a talk about the reasons for a recent plane crash. David thought that if only he could speak to a survivor, he'd have a much better idea of what caused the crash and could prevent future ones. This led him to develop a recorder that would collect vital information of the last few hours before a plane goes down. Today the modern equivalent of the black box is compulsory equipment on passenger planes all over the world. In 2015, David's children, Jenny and Peter Warren, and a former colleague, Bill Schofield, spoke with Catherine Davis about how his idea changed air travel forever.
	Inventing The Covid N95 Mask	20240202	20240203 (WS)	When Peter Tsai invented the material that made the N95 mask possible, he never expected it would save millions of lives decades later. In 1992, the scientist from Taiwan introduced his mask filter to the world and within several years the technology was used by healthcare professionals all over the world. When the first cases of Covid-19 were discovered in 2019 he came out of retirement to help work out whether the masks could be reused. Peter has been speaking to Matt Pintus. (Photo: Peter Tsai holding an N95 mask. Credit: Peter Tsai) In 1992, Peter Tsai invented the N95 mask filter When Peter Tsai invented the material that made the N95 mask possible in 1992 he never expected it would save millions of lives decades later. He has been speaking to Matt Pintus.
	Invention Of The Hoverboard	20250702		It was Back to the Future II that made a generation of children dream of travelling by hoverboard. In the 1989 film, the hero Marty McFly escapes from his arch nemesis Biff by jumping on a flying skateboard. But it wasn't until 2011 that inventor Shane Chen came up with the next best thing – a motorised skateboard that moves intuitively and gives the user a feeling of floating. The creation became the must-have toy of 2015 and social media flooded with videos of celebrities trying it out. But the hoverboard never brought riches for Shane. He tells Vicky Farncombe how cheap knock-offs stole his profits and caused fires and accidents. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	Iran Hostage Crisis	20241104	20241105 (WS)	One of the most dramatic moments from the Iranian revolution took place in November 1979. Young insurgents stormed the US embassy in the Iranian capital Tehran, taking 52 Americans captive. Barry Rosen was held hostage for 444 days. He told his story to Alex Last in 2009. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Barry Rosen waves to a crowd in 1981 at a ceremony celebrating the release of US hostages in New York's City Hall. Credit: Yvonne Hemsey via Getty Images) In 1979, Barry Rosen was held hostage after the US embassy in Tehran was stormed Young revolutionaries stormed the US embassy in Tehran taking 52 Americans captive in November 1979. Barry Rosen was held hostage in the Iranian capital for 444 days. [LISTEN NOW]
	Iran's Secret Christian 'house Churches'	20241118	20241119 (WS)	After Iran's Islamic Revolution in 1979, some Christians faced persecution. Between 2002 and 2005, Naghmeh Panahi and her husband, Saeed Abedini, set up a network of secret 'house churches' across the country. But it came at a cost: they were arrested, forced to flee the country, and Saeed was jailed. Naghmeh Panahi speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Naghmeh Panahi. Credit: Kyle Green/The Washington Post via Getty Images) Between 2002 and 2005, Naghmeh Panahi set up a network of 'house churches' in Iran After Iran's Islamic Revolution in 1979, some Christians faced persecution. Between 2002 and 2005, Naghmeh Panahi set up a network of 'house churches' across the country. [LISTEN NOW]
	Irawati Karve: India's Groundbreaking Anthropologist	20250721	20250722 (WS)	Irawati Karve became India's first female anthropologist studying tribes that nobody had investigated, and taking her children on expeditions deep in the rainforest. In 1927, she dared to defy the racist theory of Eugen Fischer, a famous German professor during her PhD in Berlin. Irawati scientifically rejected human differences to justify discrimination, and was the first to do so. Her granddaughter, Urmilla Deshpande speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about her life and career. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Irawati Karve. Credt: Urmilla Deshpande) The story of our times, told by the people who were there India's first female anthropologist, Irawati Karve studied tribes that nobody had investigated. In 1927, she defied the racist theory of Eugen Fischer, during her PhD in Berlin. [LISTEN NOW]
	Isabel Allende: The House Of The Spirits	20260106	20260107 (WS)	In 1982, Isabel Allende published her debut novel, The House of the Spirits. The characters are based on her family, and the story reflects Chile's 20th Century history, including the 1973 military coup in which her relative, President Salvador Allende, was overthrown. The book began as a letter to her dying grandfather, but it grew into an epic multi-generational story. The House of the Spirits was an international bestseller and made Isabel one of the most renowned novelists in Latin America's rich literary history. She speaks to Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Isabel Allende in 1986. Credit: Louis Monier/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) In 1982, Isabel Allende published her bestselling novel, The House of the Spirits The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1982, Isabel Allende published her debut novel, The House of the Spirits. It was an international bestseller. She speaks to Ben Henderson. [LISTEN NOW]
	Italian Happiness Trains	20250627	20250628 (WS)	Between 1945 and 1952, ‘happiness trains' transported 70,000 children from southern to northern Italy to live with wealthier families. It was a scheme organised by the Union of Italian Women and the Italian Communist Party in an attempt to make the lives of southern Italian children better. Ten-year-old Bianca D'Aniello was one of the passengers to travel from Salerno in the south to Mestre in the north where she was looked after by a family with more resources. Bianca's life in Mestre was miserable because of Italy's fascist regime and the devastation her city faced in the wake of World War Two. Her journey was fraught with nerves as she jumped on a train for the first time saying goodbye to her mum and siblings. What she didn't realise was what life had in store for her in her new life. Bianca speaks to Natasha Fernandes about how that ‘happiness train' changed her life forever. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Children on board an Italian 'happiness train' kiss and wave goodbye to their parents. Credit: Instituto Storico Modena) Between 1945 and 1952, 'happiness trains' transported 70,000 children from southern Italy The story of our times, told by the people who were there In the summer of 1947, 10 year-old Bianca D'Aniello boarded a train for the first time and travelled 700 kilometres from Salerno to Mestre to live with a wealthier family. [LISTEN NOW]
	Italo Disco	20250718		In the late 1970s, disco died in America and a new wave of Italian producers took advantage of the advances in electronic instruments to craft their own dancefloor fillers. The result was Italo disco – a genre of music recognisable for its synthesiser beats, heavily accented English lyrics and catchy melodies. One of the biggest hits was Dolce Vita. Singer Ryan Paris – real name Fabio Roscioli – tells Vicky Farncombe how it felt to be part of that moment. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
	Italy's 'poison Ships'	20240711	20240712 (WS)	In September 1988, protests broke out in Manfredonia, Italy, after the arrival of a large ship carrying toxic waste of Italian origin. The Deep Sea Carrier had arrived from Nigeria, after a protracted diplomatic dispute between Italy and Nigeria. For four days, the town was completely shut down and by the end of the protests, an environmental movement was born. The Deep Sea Carrier and another ship, the Karin B, became known as the ‘navi dei veleni', or poison ships. Jill Achineku speaks to Rosa Porcu, a teacher and one of the protesters. A Whistledown production for the BBC World Service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Rusty barrrels of toxic waste. Credit: iznashih) In 1988, a ship carrying toxic waste arrived in Manfredonia, Italy A ship called the Deep Sea Carrier arrived in the Italian coastal town of Manfredonia in September 1988. It was carrying toxic waste and caused huge protests.
	Jack Strong Aka Ryszard Kukli\u0144ski: Cold War Traitor Or Hero?	20240126	20240127 (WS)	During the 1970s, the US and Soviet Union were engaged in the Cold War. The US, along with other Western countries, was a member of Nato, while the Soviet Union joined forces with central and eastern European countries in the Warsaw Pact. After becoming frustrated with the way the Soviets controlled his country, Ryszard Kukliński, a Polish colonel, wrote to the US Embassy in Bonn, West Germany. For the next 10 years, he would feed the CIA tens of thousands of pages of classified military secrets. Aris Pappas, a CIA agent who analysed Ryszard's intel, speaks to George Crafer about his memories of this forgotten hero. (Photo: Jack Strong aka Ryszard Kukliński. Credit: AP) During the Cold War a high-ranking Polish colonel passed Soviet secrets to the CIA In 1972, the US Embassy in West Germany received a letter in broken English from a Polish colonel. For the next 10 years, he worked as a secret agent code-named Jack Strong.
	Jacques Derrida: 'rock Star' Philosopher	20250203	20250204 (WS)	In 1966, at Johns Hopkins University in the US, a little-known glamorous French philosopher called Jacques Derrida took to the stage and eviscerated the prevailing philosophy of the day, making him an overnight sensation. The following year, he published three hugely influential books making the case for his theory of “deconstruction ?, which questioned the foundations of Western thought and knowledge. Deconstruction's influence can still be felt today: from calls to decolonise the curriculum, to experimental architecture, to feminist retellings of the classics. While the word “deconstruct ? has become widely used. On his death in 2004, The Guardian newspaper wrote: 'Derrida's name has probably been mentioned more frequently in books, journals, lectures, and common-room conversations during the last 30 years than that of any other living thinker. ? Hélène Cixous is one of France's most influential writers and a lifelong friend of Derrida. She speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. In 1966, the Frenchman upended philosophy with his theory of 'deconstruction In 1966, the Frenchman upended philosophy with his theory of 'deconstruction', which questioned the foundations of Western knowledge. Its influence can still be felt today. [LISTEN NOW]
	Jakarta's Ban On Dancing Monkeys	20250814	20250815 (WS)	In 2013, Jakarta's governor moved to outlaw the use of dancing monkeys on the city's streets. The Indonesian tradition saw macaques made to perform for passers-by - often restrained by chains and dressed in plastic masks. Campaigners said the animals were frequently subjected to harsh treatment and poor living conditions. Animal rights activist Femke den Haas played a key role in securing the ban. She tells Vicky Farncombe that it was the suffering of one particular monkey, Johnny, that spurred her to take action. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In 2013, Jakarta's governor banned the use of dancing monkeys in Indonesia's capital The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2013, Jakarta's governor outlawed the use of dancing monkeys on the streets of Indonesia's capital after a campaign by animal rights activitsts. [LISTEN NOW]
	Jamuna Tudu: The Real Life 'lady Tarzan'	20240119	20240120 (WS)	In the early 2000s, a woman called Jamuna Tudu set out on a mission to protect her home state of Jharkhand's forests from India's so-called timber mafia. She inspired thousands of people to care for their natural environment and established an army of women to fight back against the illegal cutting down of trees. Her conservation efforts have led to the country's media dubbing her 'Lady Tarzan', and she is now known across India for her bravery. She speaks to George Crafer about her run-ins with the mafia and her hero status. (Photo: Jamuna Tudu amongst the trees she loves. Credit: Jamuna Tudu) In the early 2000s, a woman known as 'Lady Tarzan' fought India's so called timber mafia In the early 2000s, a newly married young woman, who would later be known as as 'Lady Tarzan', set out on a mission to protect India's vast forests from illegal loggers.
	Japan Surrenders In Beijing	20251009	20251010 (WS)	Eighty years ago, in the autumn of 1945, World War II surrender ceremonies took place across the Japanese Empire. The one in China was held at the Forbidden City in Beijing bringing an end to eight years of occupation. Thousands of people watched the incredible moment Japanese generals handed over their swords. The United States, China, Russia and the United Kingdom were all represented. John Stanfield, now 105, is the last surviving British person who was there. He recalls to Josephine McDermott how he signed the surrender declaration documents on behalf of the British. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Surrender in the Forbidden City. Credit: Hedda Morrison, courtesy of John Stanfield family/University of Bristol - Historical Photographs of China) A rare eyewitness account of Japan's surrender in Beijing in 1945 The story of our times, told by the people who were there John Stanfield, now 105, recalls how he signed the Japanese surrender documents on behalf of the British in a ceremony at the Forbidden City in Beijing, China, in October 1945. [LISTEN NOW]
	Japan Surrenders In China	20230719	20231101 (WS)	In the autumn of 1945, World War II surrender ceremonies took place across the Japanese Empire. The one in China was held at the Forbidden City in Beijing bringing an end to eight years of occupation. Thousands of people watched the incredible moment Japanese generals handed over their swords. The United States, China, Russia and the United Kingdom were all represented. John Stanfield, now 103, is the last surviving British person who was there. He recalls to Josephine McDermott how he signed the surrender declaration documents on behalf of the British. (Photo: Crowds gather in the Forbidden City to watch the Japanese surrender. Credit: John Stanfield, Bristol University's Historical Photographs of China) A first-hand account of the Japanese surrender ceremony in Beijing in 1945 John Stanfield, now 103, is the last surviving British person who was at the 1945 surrender ceremony at the Forbidden City in Beijing.
	Japan's Record-breaking Rollercoaster	20250801	20250802 (WS)	On 1 August 2000, a new rollercoaster opened to the public at a theme park in Japan. Named Steel Dragon 2000, it's located at the Nagashima Spa Land amusement park in Kuwana. When it first opened, it broke world records, being named the longest rollercoaster in the world, at just under 2.5km long. Kurt Brookes hears from its designer, Steve Okamoto. A Made In Manchester production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Steel Dragon 2000. Credit: Getty Images) On 1 August 2000, Steel Dragon 2000 opened as the world's longest rollercoaster The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 1 August 2000, Steel Dragon 2000 opened at Nagashima Spa Land, becoming the world's longest rollercoaster at nearly 2.5 km in length. [LISTEN NOW]
	Jean Batten: New Zealand's Record Breaking Aviator	20241029	20241017 20241018 (WS) 20241030 (WS)	New Zealander Jean Batten was nicknamed the ‘Queen of the Skies' for her record breaking flights of the 1930s. After abandoning a career in music, Jean learnt to fly at the age of 21. She soon joined other female pilots, such as the American, Amelia Earhart, in making international headlines. They were flying across the world, in planes made of wood and canvas, during the so-called golden age of aviation. Jean's achievements included being the first woman to fly solo from Australia to England; and the first female pilot to make a solo flight from England to Argentina. Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the BBC archives to find out more about her life. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Jean Batten and her De Havilland Gipsy Moth, 1935. Credit: Central Press/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) Jean Batten was nicknamed the Queen of the Skies for her pioneering flights of the 1930s Jean Batten was nicknamed the Queen of the Skies for her record breaking flights of the 1930s. She flew planes made of wood and canvas during the so-called golden age of aviation. [LISTEN NOW]
	Jfk's 1963 Ich Bin Ein Berliner Speech	20250403	20250404 (WS)	United States President John F Kennedy gave a speech in Berlin at the height of the Cold War on 26 June 1963. It galvanised the world in support of West Berliners who had been isolated by the construction of the Berlin Wall. In 2023 Tom Wills spoke to Gisela Morel-Tiemann, who attended the speech as a student. A Whistledown Production. (Photo: John F Kennedy making his speech in Berlin. Credit: Lehnartz/ullstein bild via Getty Images) Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. The US President spoke at the newly constructed Berlin Wall at the height of the Cold War The story of our times, told by the people who were there At the height of the Cold War, United States President John F Kennedy, gave a speech in Berlin on 26 June 1963. [LISTEN NOW]
	Jimmy Carter Visits Cuba	20260204	20260205 (WS)	In May 2002, former US President Jimmy Carter paid a controversial visit to Cuba, which had been subject to a US trade embargo for more than 40 years. The trip culminated in a speech, broadcast live on Cuban radio and television, in which Carter called for the US to lift economic sanctions, while he encouraged President Fidel Castro to embrace democracy and uphold Cubans' civil liberties. Jennifer McCoy accompanied Carter on the trip. She speaks to Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Archive courtesy of The Carter Center) (Photo: Jimmy Carter and Fidel Castro after a game of baseball. Credit: Jorge Rey via Getty Images) In 2002, former US President Jimmy Carter paid a controversial visit to Cuba The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	John Lennon's Final Headline Concerts	20250829	20250830 (WS)	In 1972, after leaving The Beatles, John Lennon and Yoko Ono performed in the United States at the One to One benefit concerts at Madison Square Garden, New York. They were helping to raise money for children with disabilities from Willowbrook State School, after a television exposé by journalist Geraldo Rivera showed the conditions and failings. It was watched by millions of people and led to a public outcry. Sean Allsop speaks with Geraldo Rivera about breaking the story and organising the concerts. A TBone production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: John Lennon performing at the One To One events. Credit: Ann Limongello / ABC) In 1972, John Lennon and Yoko Ono performed at the One to One benefit concerts in the US The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1972, after leaving The Beatles, John Lennon and Yoko Ono performed at benefit concerts in New York to raise money for children from Willowbrook State School, after an exposé. [LISTEN NOW]
	John Logie Baird Invents Television	20260126	20260127 (WS)	On 26 January 1926, John Logie Baird first demonstrated his 'televisor' in public. It was the prototype for television. Many people couldn't believe what they were seeing whilst others thought it was a pointless invention. In 2010, Iain Logie Baird, the inventor's grandson, spoke to Claire Bowes. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Inventor John Logie Baird. Credit: Topical PressAgency/Getty Images) On 26 January 1926, John Logie Baird demonstrated the prototype for television The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 26 January 1926, John Logie Baird demonstrated his 'televisor' in public. It was the prototype for television. His grandson, Iain Logie Baird, spoke about it in 2010. In January 1926, John Logie Baird first demonstrated his 'televisor' in public. It was the prototype for television. Initially many people couldn't believe what they were seeing and others believed it was a pointless invention. In 2010, Iain Logie Baird, the inventor's grandson, spoke to Claire Bowes. In January 1926, John Logie Baird demonstrated the prototype for television In January 1926, John Logie Baird demonstrated his 'televisor' in public. It was the prototype for television. His grandson, Iain Logie Baird, spoke about it in 2010. [LISTEN NOW]
	Jorge Luis Borges: 'father' Of Latin American Fiction	20251014	20251015 (WS)	In 1961, the Argentine poet and short story writer Jorge Luis Borges won the Formentor Prize for literature. Borges' stories were characterised by mind-bending plots often featuring labyrinths, dreams and fables. Following his recognition in 1961, his reputation grew to such an extent that he is regarded as one of the most influential Latin American writers in history, as Ben Henderson reveals using BBC archive. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Jorge Luis Borges in 1977. Credit: Sophie Bassouls/Sygma via Getty Images) In 1961, the Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges came to the world's attention The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1961, the Argentine poet and short story writer Jorge Luis Borges came to the world's attention. He would eventually be regarded as one of Latin America's greatest writers. [LISTEN NOW]
	Julia Gillard Speaks Out On Sexism	20241205	20241206 (WS)	In October 2012, Prime Minister Julia Gillard made an impromptu speech in the Australian parliament setting out the misogyny she endured for years as a prominent female politician. In 2022, she spoke to Alex Collins about her career defining-speech which has been viewed online by millions of people. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Julia Gillard speaking in February 2012. Credit: Morne de Klerk/Getty Images) In 2012, Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard made a landmark speech on misogyny The Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard spoke out in October 2012 in the country's parliament. In her impromptu speech she explained the misogyny she had endured for years. [LISTEN NOW]
	Kawarau Bridge: The First Bungee Jumping Site In New Zealand	20240621		On 12 November 1988, the world's first commercial bungee jumping site was opened near Queenstown, New Zealand. AJ Hackett and Henry Van Asch started out bungee jumping as a hobby with friends. They developed the bungee ropes and rigging system and found the perfect site – the historic Kawarau Suspension Bridge – which would give paying customers the chance to safely fall 43 metres. It helped make Queenstown become the adventure tourism capital of the world. Josephine McDermott jumped from the bridge herself 20 years ago and finds out from AJ Hackett how it all came about.
	Ken Burns	20241030	20241031 (WS)	In 2002, filmmaker Ken Burns received an intriguing proposition from Apple CEO, Steve Jobs. He wanted Burns' signature filming style to be inserted into the video editing software of every Macintosh computer. He would call it, ‘the Ken Burns effect. Burns first shot to fame in 1981, when his documentary, Brooklyn Bridge, was nominated for an Academy Award. He is perhaps best known for his 1990 documentary series, The Civil War, which was watched by more than 40 million Americans when it debuted on PBS, becoming one of the most watched documentaries of all time. In the time since, Burns has covered a whole array of subjects about American history, including baseball, country music and the Vietnam war. He tells Matt Pintus about his future plans, including a series about the life of Martin Luther King. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Ken Burns. Credit: Getty Images) In 2002, the 'Ken Burns effect' was created In 2002, the 'Ken Burns effect' was created by Apple. Filmmaker Ken Burns explains how it all came about. [LISTEN NOW]
	Ken Hom's 'chinese Cookery'	20231229	20231230 (WS)	In 1982, after a two-year global search, the BBC auditioned Ken Hom to be the star of a new Chinese cookery TV series. In the show, called Ken Hom's Chinese Cookery, he introduced viewers to dishes like dim sum and spicy braised aubergine. He also gave advice on choosing and using a wok. He tells Josephine McDermott about his sudden rise to celebrity and how he brought Chinese dishes to new audiences. (Photo: Ken Hom. Credit: Chris Ridley/Radio Times/Getty Images) In 1984, Ken Hom taught TV audiences to cook Chinese food for the first time In 1984, the BBC launched a new Chinese cookery TV show, introducing chef Ken Hom.
	Kennedy's Nail-biter Election Victory	20231122	20231123 (WS)	On 22 November 1963, United States President John F Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. Lucy Williamson looks back to 8 November 1960, when Richard Nixon and JFK went toe to toe at the polls in a battle to become the next president. The narrow success made Kennedy the youngest man ever elected to the role. Close aide and speechwriter Ted Sorensen was with the politician on the night of the election. This programme was first broadcast in 2010. (Photo: US President-elect John F Kennedy shortly after his election in 1960. Credit: AFP/Getty Images) In 1960, John F Kennedy became the youngest person to be elected United States president. In 1960, John F Kennedy pulled off a narrow victory over Richard Nixon in the race for the United States presidency.
	Khula Manch, The Victory Rally	20260409	20260410 (WS)	On 9 April 1990, people gathered at Khula Manch, an open stage in Kathmandu. They were celebrating the end of Nepal's party-less Panchayat system and the beginning of multi-party democracy. Among the crowd was Durga Thapa, who had spent weeks organising and coordinating the protests. A photo of her in a sea of men, leaping up and giving the peace sign, her hands covered in red paint, came to mark the movement. She speaks to Ribika Moktan about that day and her role in Nepal's 1990 democracy movement. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Durga Thapa celebrating in Khula Manch on the 9th of April 1990. Credit: Min Ratna Bajracharya) In 1970, people gathered in Kathmandu to celebrate multi-party democracy in Nepal The story of our times, told by the people who were there In April 1970, people gathered at an open stage in Kathmandu to celebrate the beginning of multi-party democracy in Nepal. [LISTEN NOW]
	Kielland Disaster	20240613	20240614 (WS)	In 1980, 123 men were killed when the Alexander L Kielland platform capsized in the North Sea oil fields. It was Norway's biggest industrial disaster and led to a range of safety improvements for those working in the country's oil and gas sector. Lars Bevanger spoke to survivor Harry Vike, who spent 10 hours in a lifeboat waiting to be rescued, and his wife Grete, who was waiting for a call to find out if he was alive or dead. (Photo: The broken leg of the Alexander Kielland oil drilling platform, 1980. Credit: Alamy) In 1980, 123 men died when a platform capsized in Norway's biggest industrial disaster In 1980, 123 men were killed when the Alexander L Kielland platform capsized in the North Sea oil fields in Norway's biggest industrial disaster.
	'kimchi War'	20241226	20241227 (WS)	In the run-up to the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, in the United States, a row broke out between Japan and South Korea over who would supply the athletes' village with kimchi. The two countries also took their dispute to the United Nations' Codex Alimentarius, an organisation which sets voluntary standards for food. Dr Chaelin Park from the World Institute of Kimchi tells Vicky Farncombe how South Koreans were upset because they thought Japan was 'attempting to take over' their national dish. For Koreans, kimchi is more than just food - it's part of our cultural identity,' she says. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. In the 1990s, a diplomatic dispute broke out between Japan and South Korea over kimchi In the 1990s, a diplomatic dispute broke out between Japan and South Korea over the fermented cabbage dish, kimchi. [LISTEN NOW]
	King Kong: South Africa's First All-black Musical	20250311	20250312 (WS)	In 1959, Todd Matshikiza composed the score for King Kong, it was South Africa's first musical with an all-black cast and it opened to critical acclaim. About the rise and fall of the heavyweight boxer Ezekiel Dlamini, it defied apartheid with the collaboration between black and white artists. Starring Miriam Makebe, it launched the singer's international career and went on to tour, arriving in London's West End in February 1961. Todd's daughter Marian was eight when the family moved to London for the run. She speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about her father's music and what King Kong meant to him. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Todd Matshikiza. Credit: Jurgen Schadeberg via The Schadeberg Collection) South Africa's first musical with an all-black cast opened to critical acclaim in 1959 The story of our times, told by the people who were there Todd Matshikiza composed the score for South Africa's first musical with an all-black cast opening to critical acclaim in 1959. In 1959, Todd Matshikiza composed the score for King Kong, it was South Africa's first musical with an all-black cast and opened to critical acclaim. Starring Miriam Makebe, it launched the singer's international career and went on to tour London's West End, arriving at the Princes Theatre in February 1961. Todd's daughter Marian was eight when the family moved to London for the run. She speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about her father's music and what King Kong meant to him. [LISTEN NOW]
	Kiwi: How New Zealand Hijacked China's Fruit	20231226	20231227 (WS)	The kiwi fruit is synonymous with New Zealand in the minds of most European and American shoppers. But the hairy fruit actually comes from China and was once known as the Chinese gooseberry. So how did New Zealand hijack a Chinese fruit and turn it into their biggest horticultural export? Former fruit exporter Don Turner tells Vicky Farncombe how his family named the kiwi fruit in the 1950s and created a global industry. How the Chinese gooseberry became the kiwi and one of New Zealand's biggest exports In the 1950s, a New Zealand fruit export firm changed the name of the Chinese gooseberry to the kiwi and sparked a billion-dollar industry.
	Klaus Fuchs: Oppenheimer's Atomic Spy	20250102	20250103 (WS)	German-born physicist Klaus Fuchs played a key role in the development of the first atomic bomb during World War Two. The project, known as the Manhattan Project, was led by scientist J Robert Oppenheimer at Los Alamos in the US. But, in January 1950, Fuchs admitted passing top secret nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union and was sentenced to 14 years in jail. His nephew Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski tells Louise Hidalgo about his uncle. This programme was first broadcast in 2015. To hear more about the story of Klaus Fuchs, the spy who changed history, search for The Bomb, wherever you get your BBC podcasts. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Klaus Fuchs. Credit Jung/ullstein bild via Getty Images) In 1950, Klaus Fuchs admitted passing top secret nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union In 1950, German-born physicist Klaus Fuchs confessed to passing nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union while working on the first atomic bomb, known as the Manhattan Project. [LISTEN NOW]
	Kobe Earthquake	20250115	20250116 (WS)	On 17 January 1995, an earthquake devastated the port city of Kobe, in west Japan. More than 6,000 people died and around 300,000 people were left homeless. It was one of the most powerful earthquakes in the country's history. Rachel Naylor speaks to Kiho Park, who aged eight, had to jump off his balcony to escape when his home was damaged. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A resident walks through the debris in Kobe after the earthquake. Credit: TORU YAMANAKA/AFP via Getty Images) On 17 January 1995, an earthquake devastated the city of Kobe, in Japan [LISTEN NOW]
	Kristallnacht: The Night Of Broken Glass	20240930	20241001 (WS)	In November 1938, the Nazis organised a night of terror against Jews in Germany. Windows of homes, businesses and synagogues were broken. Kurt Salomon Maier was eight years old, living with his Jewish family in Kippenheim, Germany. He survived what became known as Kristallnacht or ‘the night of broken glass' and escaped to the United States. Kurt Salomon Maier, now 94-years-old, speaks to James Jackson. A Whistledown production for BBC World Service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Windows with broken glass after Kristallnacht. Credit: Bettmann/Corbis/Bettmann Archive) In 1938, the Nazis launched a violent anti-Jewish attack, known as Kristallnacht In November 1938, the Nazis launched an attack, breaking the windows of Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues. It's often called Kristallnacht or ‘the Night of Broken Glass'. Kurt Salomon Maier was 8 years old, living with his Jewish family in Kippenheim, Germany. Kurt Salomon Maier, now 94-years-old, speaks to James Jackson. This is a Whistledown production for the BBC World Service. [LISTEN NOW]
	Kwame Nkrumah: Ousted From Power	20231012	20231013 (WS)	In February 1966, Kwame Nkrumah, one of Africa's most famous leaders, was ousted from power in Ghana. While he was out of the country, the Ghanaian military and police seized power in a coup. Ghanaian film maker Chris Hesse worked closely with Nkrumah and was with him at the time. In 2021, Chris spoke to Alex Last about his memories of the coup and his friendship with the man who led Ghana to independence. (Photo: Kwame Nkrumah after Ghana's independence from Britain. Credit: Bettman, Getty Images) In 1966, Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah, one of Africa's most famous leaders was ousted from power In February 1966, Kwame Nkrumah, one of Africa's most famous leaders, was ousted from power in Ghana when the military and police seized power.
	La Haine: The Film That Shocked France	20231204	20231205 (WS)	In 1993, film director Mathieu Kassovitz started work on what would become a cult cinema classic, La Haine. La Haine would follow three friends from a poor immigrant neighbourhood in the Paris suburbs 24 hours after a riot. The film was released in 1995 to huge critical acclaim and Mathieu won best director at the Cannes Film Festival. It was heavily critical of policing in France and it caught the attention of high profile politicians in the country, including then Prime Minister, Alain Juppé. Thirty years on, Mathieu has been sharing his memories of that time with Matt Pintus. (Photo: Vincent Cassel 'Vinz' in La Haine. Credit: Studio Canal+) How Mathieu Kassovitz's critique of policing shocked French society It has been 30 years since film director Mathieu Kassovitz started work on the cult cinema classic, La Haine. He has been sharing his memories of that time with Matt Pintus.
	La Pasionaria: Heroine Of The Spanish Civil War	20250210	20250211 (WS)	Dolores Ibárruri was nicknamed La Pasionaria for her fiery speeches to the anti-fascist forces during the Spanish civil war. The fighting had begun in July 1936. Troops, led by General Francisco Franco, launched an uprising against the democratically-elected government. These Nationalist rebels were backed by Adolf Hitler in Germany and Benito Mussolini in Italy. On the other side were supporters of the Republican government, including Spain's communist party, and Dolores was one of its leaders. She was already known for her speeches against fascism, but it was the civil war that sealed her reputation as a passionate and persuasive speaker. Her favourite phrase even became a battle cry for the Republicans: “No pasaran! They shall not pass! ? Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the archives to find out more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. Dolores Ib\u00e1rruri was dubbed La Pasionaria for her fiery speeches in the Spanish civil war The story of our times, told by the people who were there Dolores Ibárruri was dubbed La Pasionaria for her fiery speeches during the Spanish civil war. Her favourite phrase became a Republican battlecry: No pasaran! They shall not pass! [LISTEN NOW]
	Launching Lagos Fashion Week	20231019	20231020 (WS)	In 2011, models, stylists and fashionistas gathered for Lagos Fashion Week's debut which would put Nigerian style on the global map. Omoyemi Akerele founded the event which helped to launch the careers of designers internationally. The annual event has become a major fashion occasion attracting Africa's biggest celebs and collections are sent around the world. Omoyemi Akerele speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma. (Photo: A model prepares backstage at Lagos Fashion Week in 2013. Credit: Per-Anders Pettersson) Lagos Fashion Week was launched in 2011 putting Nigerian style on the global map In 2011, models, stylists and fashionistas gathered for Lagos Fashion Week's debut which would put Nigerian style on the global map. The event was launched by Omoyemi Akerele.
	Liberia's Women In White Who Helped End Civil War	20250409	20250410 (WS)	In December 2011, Leymah Gbowee was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her role in helping to end the devastating civil war in Liberia. She had mobilised thousands of women to take part in daily, non-violent public protests calling for peace – which pressurised ruthless President Charles Taylor into meeting them. When he agreed to peace talks, a delegation from The Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace followed Taylor to Ghana. When talks stalled, they barricaded the room, refusing to let anyone leave until a peace deal was reached. Within weeks, after continued pressure from the US and other West African nations, the former warlord had resigned and gone into exile. Jacqueline Paine speaks to Leymah about her pivotal role in securing peace for Liberia. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Leymah Gbowee with fellow activists. Credit: Issouf Sanogo/AFP via Getty Images) In 2003 the Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace began protests calling for peace The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace staged their first protest in a football field close to Monrovia's fish market. Some of the women also went on sex strike. [LISTEN NOW]
	Liberia's Women In White: The Non-violent Movement That Helped End 14 Years Of Civil War	20250409	20250410 (WS)	In December 2011, Leymah Gbowee was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her role in helping to end the devastating civil war in Liberia. She had mobilised thousands of women to take part in daily, non-violent public protests calling for peace – which pressurised ruthless President Charles Taylor into meeting them. When he agreed to peace talks, a delegation from The Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace followed Taylor to Ghana. When talks stalled, they barricaded the room, refusing to let anyone leave until a peace deal was reached. Within weeks, after continued pressure from the US and other West African nations, the former warlord had resigned and gone into exile. Jacqueline Paine speaks to Leymah about her pivotal role in securing peace for Liberia. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Leymah Gbowee with fellow activists. Credit: Issouf Sanogo/AFP via Getty Images) In 2003 the Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace began protests calling for peace The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace staged their first protest in a football field close to Monrovia's fish market. Some of the women also went on sex strike. [LISTEN NOW]
	Lithuania's 'wolf Children'	20250129	20250130 (WS)	In the aftermath of World War Two, children were left orphaned, or separated from their families. They were forced to flee East Prussia when the Red Army advanced. Whilst trying to survive, on their way to Lithuania, they were likened to hungry wolves roaming through forests. Now aged 84, 'wolf child' Luise Quitsch tells Megan Jones about her journey and what life was like growing up in Lithuania. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Luise. Credit: Luise Quitsch) In the aftermath of World War Two, children fled East Prussia in order to survive After World War Two, children were separated from their families, or orphaned. They were forced to flee East Prussia and likened to hungry wolves roaming through forests. [LISTEN NOW]
	Lonesome George: The Celebrity Tortoise	20250611	20250612 (WS)	In 2012, Lonesome George, the last tortoise of his species died. George, from from Ecuador's Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean, was a global symbol of conservation and brought to the attention of the world the reality of extinction. James Gibbs, vice president of science and conservation at the Galapagos conservancy knew George well. He looked after the tortoise in life, and in death. James says: “You know, moving Lonesome George across the islands by truck, people were asking, what's in the box? I said it's Lonesome George and people were crying and it was just very moving'. He tells Gill Kearsley how time ran out for Lonesome George and about the legacy he left. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Lonesome George. Credit: Rodrigo Buendia /AFP via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there Lonesome George, the last tortoise of his species died in 2012. He was a global symbol of conservation, and brought to the attention of the world the reality of extinction. George, from the Galapagos Islands was a global symbol of conservation and brought to the attention of the world the reality of extinction. [LISTEN NOW]
	Lord Of The Flies	20241121	20241122 (WS)	It's 70 years since William Golding's acclaimed novel was published. Lord of the Flies is the story of a group of English schoolboys marooned on a desert island, and how they survive without adults. It was Golding's first novel, and was praised for tackling questions about human nature and whether people are intrinsically good or evil. The book proved a huge success, and has sold millions of copies around the world. Golding won the Nobel Prize in literature. He died ten years later. His daughter, Judy Carver, spoke to Vincent Dowd, about her father's work, in 2014. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A scene from the Lord Of The Flies film, 1990. Credit: United Artists/Getty Images) It's 70 years since William Golding's acclaimed novel was published. The story, of schoolboys marooned on a desert island, sold millions. [LISTEN NOW]
	Luana Mansilla: Changing Gender Aged Six	20241114	20241115 (WS)	In 2013, a six-year-old from Argentina became one of the youngest people in the world to legally have their gender changed on official documents through self-declaration. It followed the introduction of the Gender Identity Act in 2012, that aimed to reduce the exclusion of transgender people. But as Luana's mother Gabriela Mansilla reveals, the fight for recognition wasn't easy. Gabriela speaks to Madeleine Drury. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Luana hugging her mother Gabriela Mansilla in 2015. Credit: AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko) In 2013, the gender of a six-year-old from Argentina was legally changed Gabriella Mansilla successfully campaigned to change her child Luana's gender on official documents. It followed the 2012 introduction of the Gender Identity Act in Argentina. [LISTEN NOW]
	Lucha Reyes: Peruvian Music Star	20240207	20240208 (WS)	Lucha Reyes was one of Peru's greatest singers. She was born into poverty in 1936 and fought terrible health problems and racism throughout her life. But it didn't stop her becoming a star of Peruvian Creole music - a fusion of waltzes, Andean and Afro-Peruvian styles. In the early 1970s she recorded hits including Regresa and Tu Voz. One of the few black Peruvian celebrities of her era, she was a trailblazer for black women in the country. Polo Bances played the saxophone in her band, accompanying her on many of her greatest records. He celebrates her life with Ben Henderson. (Photo: Lucha Reyes. Credit: Javier Ponce Gambirazio) She overcame poverty, health problems and racism to become one of Peru's greatest singers Lucha Reyes overcame poverty, terrible health problems and racism to become one of Peru's greatest singers. In the early 1970s she recorded hits including Regresa and Tu Voz.
	Lunch Atop A Skyscraper	20250519	20250520 (WS)	In 1932, a photo was taken showing 11 New York ironworkers casually eating their lunch while sitting on a steel beam at the top of a skyscraper. No safety harnesses, no helmets. Their legs dangly freely over the death-defying drop. Lunch Atop a Skyscraper' is now one of the most famous pictures in the world but it's an image surrounded in mystery. For years, the identity of its photographer and the 11 men have been unknown. Christine Roussel, archivist at the Rockefeller Center, tells Vicky Farncombe about her mission to uncover the photo's secrets. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Lunch Atop a Skyscraper. Credit: Getty Images) In 1932, a photo was taken showing 11 ironworkers eating lunch at the top of a skyscraper The story of our times, told by the people who were there The mystery surrounding the photo taken in 1932 of 11 daredevil ironworkers eating lunch on a steel beam at the top of a skyscraper. In 1932, a photo was taken showing 11 New York ironworkers casually eating their lunch while sitting on a steel beam at the top of a skyscraper. No safety harnesses, no helmets. Their legs dangle freely over the death-defying drop. [LISTEN NOW]
	Major Charity Adams And The Six-triple-eight	20240419	20240420 (WS)	Major Charity Adams was the first African-American woman to lead a World War Two battalion. It was known as the Six-Triple-Eight (6888). The 6888 was a majority African-American women's unit, the women sorted through mountains of post across Europe, using the motto: 'No Mail, Low Morale'. Charity went on to become lieutenant colonel, the highest possible rank for women in her unit. She died in 2002. Her son, Stanley Earley, speaks to Marverine Cole. This was a Soundtruism production for the BBC World Service. (Photo: American Women's Army Corps Captain Mary Kearney and American Commanding Officer Major Charity Adams inspect the first arrivals to the 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion Credit. Archive Photos/Getty Images) Major Charity Adams was the first African-American woman to lead a World War Two battalion, it was known as the Six-Triple-Eight. The unit consisted of 800, majority black, women.
	Making Jaws	20250620	20250621 (WS)	It's 50 years since the original Jaws film was released in cinemas across America. The movie premiered on 20 June 1975. Directed by a young Steven Spielberg, who was relatively unknown at the time, it was considered Hollywood's pioneering summer blockbuster. The thriller broke records by becoming the first movie to gross over $100 million at the US box office and made millions of people afraid to go into the water. Carl Gottlieb, who co-wrote the screenplay, looks back at guiding the chaotic production into cinematic history. Produced and presented by Megan Jones. With movie excerpts from the 1975 film which was a Universal Picture, a Zanuck/Brown production and directed by Steven Spielberg. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A scene from the movie. Credit: Screen Archives/Getty Images) On 20 June 1975 the film premiered, launching summer blockbusters and scaring beachgoers The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 20 June 1975, the film premiered in US cinemas. It launched the era of the summer blockbuster and made millions afraid to go in the water, becoming a cultural phenomenon. On 20 June 1975 Jaws the movie hit the big screen On 20 June 1975 the film Jaws, about a great white terrorisng an American seaside community, was premiered. [LISTEN NOW]
	Marcel Duchamp And The Urinal That Changed Art	20260407	20260408 (WS)	In October 1942, the great French conceptualist artist Marcel Duchamp helped put on the first major surrealist exhibition in New York. Carroll Janis's parents were friends of Duchamp. Louise Hidalgo spoke to him in October 2016 about the exhibition, the man and his art, including his famous urinal, Fountain Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Duchamp's famous urinal. Credit: Michael Macor/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images) In 1942, the French artist featured in New York's first major surrealist exhibition The story of our times, told by the people who were there In October 1942, Marcel Duchamp helped stage New York's first major Surrealist exhibition, featuring his now‑famous urinal. [LISTEN NOW]
	Marie Kondo	20250106	20250107 (WS)	In 2011, Japanese tidying expert Marie Kondo's first book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up was published. Overnight she went from tidying other people's homes to being known around the world for her KonMari method. It encourages people to only keep items that spark joy and to sort by category, not location. Now a best-selling author with hundreds of her consultants decluttering homes around the globe, Marie speaks to Megan Jones. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Marie Kondo. Credit: Axelle/Bauer-Griffin/FilmMagic via Getty Images.) In 2011, Japanese tidying expert Marie Kondo's first book was published. In 2011, Japanese tidying expert Marie Kondo's first book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up was published encouraging people to only keep items that spark joy. [LISTEN NOW]
	Mart\u00edn Chambi: Peru's Pioneering Documentary Photographer	20250521	20250522 (WS)	Martín Chambi is regarded as one of the most important indigenous Peruvian photographers of the 20th century. Famous for his black and white images of local Andean people and the surrounding countryside, Chambi's work challenged preconceptions of Peruvian culture and traditions. In 1924 he was among the first to photograph Machu Picchu – his work helping to shape the way Peru is seen around the world. His photography was declared part of the Cultural Heritage of the Nation by Peru's government in 2019. Jacqueline Paine speaks to his grandson Roberto Chambi. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Martín Chambi self-portrait 1923. Credit: Martín Chambi Archive.) Chambi's dramatic black and white photographs showed indigenous people in a new light. The story of our times, told by the people who were there Chambi photographed the daily lives and surroundings of Andean people in southern Peru. His work challenged ideas about the country's culture and traditions. [LISTEN NOW]
	Mary Fisher's A Whisper Of Aids Speech	20250212	20250213 (WS)	When Mary Fisher was diagnosed with HIV in 1991 she did not represent the typical stereotype of someone HIV-positive. She was white, heterosexual and contracted the disease in marriage. She used her platform at the Republican National Convention in Texas in 1992 to try and change people's treatment of those carrying the Aids virus. The speech was broadcast live to millions of people via the major US TV outlets. She argued that she did not want her sons, aged four and two, to face stigma from the 'whisper of Aids' once she had died. It is ranked as one of the most important speeches in the US in the twentieth century. Mary Fisher recalls the moment she delivered the speech to Josephine McDermott. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Mary Fisher delivers her speech in 1992. Credit: AP) Mary Fisher set out to fight the prejudice faced by those with HIV and Aids Mary Fisher had two young sons when she addressed the US Republican National Convention in 1992. She had HIV and wanted to combat the stigma they might face after her death. [LISTEN NOW]
	Mary Fisher's 'a Whisper Of Aids' Speech	20250212	20250213 (WS)	When Mary Fisher was diagnosed with HIV in 1991 she did not represent the typical stereotype of someone HIV-positive. She was white, heterosexual and contracted the disease in marriage. She used her platform at the Republican National Convention in Texas in 1992 to try and change people's treatment of those carrying the Aids virus. The speech was broadcast live to millions of people via the major US TV outlets. She argued that she did not want her sons, aged four and two, to face stigma from the 'whisper of Aids' once she had died. It is ranked as one of the most important speeches in the US in the 20th Century. Mary Fisher recalls the moment she delivered the speech to Josephine McDermott. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Mary Fisher delivers her speech in 1992. Credit: AP) Mary Fisher set out to fight the prejudice faced by those with HIV and Aids The story of our times, told by the people who were there Mary Fisher had two young sons when she addressed the US Republican National Convention in 1992. She had HIV and wanted to combat the stigma they might face after her death. [LISTEN NOW]
	Mexico's Murdered Women	20231018	20231019 (WS)	In 1993 young women began disappearing in the Mexican border town of Ciudad Juárez. Hundreds were reported to have been kidnapped and killed. Some of the first victims weren't discovered until nearly 10 years later. In 2013, Mike Lanchin spoke to Oscar Maynez, a forensic scientist who used to work in the city and to Paula Flores, the mother of one of the murdered girls. (Photo: Wooden crosses in a Mexican wasteland. Credit: Jorge Uzon/Getty Images) In the 1990s, hundreds of young women were murdered in a Mexican border town In the 1990s, hundreds of young women were kidnapped and murdered in the Mexican border town of Ciudad Juárez.
	Mexico's Soda Tax - Confronting Soft Drink Giants	20250515	20250516 (WS)	In 2013, Mexico's government approved a tax on sugary soft drinks. The country has one of the highest rates of fizzy drink consumption in the world. Some rural homes do not have access to safe drinking water and a third of schools do not have drinking water. Consequently, carbonated drinks would be sold in schools across the country. Grace Livingstone speaks to Dr Simon Barquera, director of health and nutrition research at Mexico's Institute of public health. He faced intimidation and spying attempts for advocating the tax. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Sugary drinks. Credit: PA) In 2013 a new tax was approved in one of the world's biggest consumers of fizzy drinks The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Mh370: The Plane That Vanished	20240308	20240309 (WS)	On 8 March 2014, a plane carrying 239 passengers and crew disappeared. What happened to missing flight MH370 remains one of the world's biggest aviation mysteries. Ghyslain Wattrelos' wife Laurence and teenage children Ambre and Hadrien were on the plane, which was on its way to Beijing from Kuala Lumpur. He was on a different flight at the time and only found out the plane was missing when he landed. A decade on, Ghyslain tells Vicky Farncombe how he's no closer to knowing what happened to his family. “I am exactly at the same point that I was 10 years ago. We don't know anything at all. ? (Photo: Ghyslain Wattrelos. Credit: Pacific Press/LightRocket via Getty Images) Ghyslain Wattrelos' wife and two children were on MH370, the plane that disappeared. The disappearance of a Malaysia Airlines flight, carrying 239 passengers and crew, is one of the world's biggest aviation mysteries.
	Mohamed Morsi: Egypt's First Democratically Elected President	20250915	20250916 (WS)	In June 2012, Mohamed Morsi, representing the Muslim Brotherhood, became Egypt's first democratically elected president. In 2022, Ben Henderson spoke to Rabab El-Mahdi, chief strategist to one of Morsi's rival candidates. She described what it was like to be involved in the first election of its kind, how Morsi tried to recruit her, and the personal impact of political campaigning in a polarised country. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Mohamed Morsi in June 2012. Credit: Ed Giles/Getty Images) A political rival looks back on Morsi's victory in June 2012 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In June 2012, Muslim Brotherhood candidate Mohamed Morsi was elected president. In 2012, Ben Henderson spoke to Rabab El-Mahdi, a political adviser involved in the election. [LISTEN NOW]
	Mosque's Epic Journey Across Canada	20250227	20250228 (WS)	In 2010, an 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Chile. It shook the central and southern parts of the country for more than three minutes, causing widespread damage which destroyed buildings, bridges and roads. The earthquake triggered a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean, which travelled 600 kilometres west to the remote island of Juan Fernandez where Alison Campbell and her family were on holiday. Hundreds of people died, and thousands were left injured and homeless. Alison Campbell tells Jane Chambers what it was like when the tsunami struck. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Rescue workers in Juan Fernandez. Credit: JORGE AMENGUAL/AFP via Getty Images). The challenge in 2009 of transporting a mosque 4,000km to Inuvik in the Arctic Circle In 2010, an 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Chile. This triggered a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean, which travelled to the remote island of Juan Fernandez. In 2009, Inuvik's Muslim community needed a mosque, but building one in such a remote location was proving too expensive. Instead, an ambitious plan was born: to build it in the city of Winnipeg and then move it - 4,000km across Canada. Megan Lawton speaks to Hussain Guisti, the man behind this extraordinary journey, about the challenges, near disasters, and determination that made it a reality. Produced by Sam Gruet. (Photo: Mosque on the move. Credit: Snow Angel Films) The extraordinary journey in 2009 of a mosque which was built in Winnipeg, then transported 4,000km across Canada to Inuvik in the Arctic Circle. [LISTEN NOW]
	Murder At The Berlin Wall	20250220	20250221 (WS)	On 29 March 1974, Czesław Kukuczka stormed into the Polish embassy in East Berlin, threatening to detonate a bomb unless he was allowed to escape to the West. Shot at point-blank range while trying to cross the Berlin Wall, the identity of Kukuczka's killer remained a mystery for decades - until archive documents led investigators to former Stasi officer Martin Naumann. Naumann's historic trial made him one of the first former Stasi officers to be convicted of murder. Dan Hardoon speaks to Dr Filip Gańczak, the historian whose work helped bring Kukuczka's killer to justice. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Berlin Wall. Credit: Owen Franken/Corbis via Getty Images) In March 1974, Polish man Czes\u0142aw Kukuczka was shot by a Stasi officer at the Berlin Wall The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 29 March 1974, Czesław Kukuczka stormed into the Polish embassy in East Berlin, threatening to detonate a bomb unless he could escape to the West. He was shot and killed. [LISTEN NOW]
	Murder Of The Romanovs	20231211	20231212 (WS)	As civil war raged in Russia, on 17 July 1918, the imprisoned royal family were told they were to be taken to a place of refuge. But the move was a trick and half an hour later Tsar Nicholas II, his wife and his children lay dead, gunned down and bayonetted. In 2018, his great niece Olga Romanov told Olga Smirnova about that night, and the family's reburial 80 years later. (Photo: The room where the Romanovs were murdered. Credit: Getty Images) In 1918, the Russian royal family were killed by the Bolsheviks As the Russian Civil War raged in 1918, Tsar Nicholas II and his family were brutally killed by the Bolsheviks.
	My Aunt Created The Moomins	20251017	20251018 (WS)	The first Moomins story about a family of nature-loving white round trolls was published in 1945 during World War Two. The Moomins and the Great Flood was created by writer and artist Tove Jansson as a source of comfort during bleak times. It highlighted the struggles of those who'd been displaced by war introducing readers into the lives of Moomintroll, Moominmamma and Moominpappa. Tove's tales and illustrations, featuring the cuddly creatures with smooth round snouts, are loved the world over and have been published in more than 60 languages. She was born in Finland but her first language was Swedish, which the original Moomins books were published in. Tove's niece Sophia Jansson, speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about growing up in a family surrounded by creativity and nature. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Tove Jansson and the Moomins. Credit: © Moomin Characters™) Tove Jansson's book The Moomins and the Great Flood was published in 1945 The story of our times, told by the people who were there Writer and artist Tove Jansson's first story about a family of nature-loving white round trolls was published in 1945. It was called The Moomins and the Great Flood. [LISTEN NOW]
	My Dad Created Dungeons And Dragons	20241025	20241026 (WS)	In 1970, father of five Gary Gygax was fired from his job as an insurance underwriter in Chicago, in the United States of America. It may sound like a mundane event to read about but, believe it or not, this moment actually changed the gaming industry forever. Gary is the creator of table-top roleplay game, Dungeons & Dragons. In the 50 years since its release, D&D has generated billions of dollars in sales and now boasts more than 50 million players worldwide. However, Gary's story is not one of riches and success. Luke Gygax witnessed the incredible highs and lows of his father's life first hand. He shares his memories of that time with Matt Pintus. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Gary Gygax and Luke Gygax. Credit: Luke Gygax) In 1974, Gary Gygax created the fantasy roleplay game In 1974, Gary Gygax created the fantasy roleplay game, Dungeons & Dragons. On its 50th anniversary, Luke Gygax speaks about the incredible highs and lows of his father's life. [LISTEN NOW]
	My Dad Created Mr Men And Little Miss	20260206	20260207 (WS)	In 1971, advertising writer Roger Hargreaves's eight-year-old son Adam asked him an unusual question: 'What does a tickle look like? Inspired, Roger got out his marker pens and created an orange character with a round body, long stretchy arms and a blue bowler hat. That character would become Mr Tickle, one of the first Mr Men books. Adam Hargreaves tells Megan Jones how his late father's children's books became a worldwide success. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Roger Hargreaves with Mr Wrong. Credit: Gerrit Alan Fokkema/Fairfax Media via Getty Images) In 1971, a question from his son led Roger Hargreaves to create Mr Men and Little Miss The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1971, a question from eight-year-old Adam inspired his father Roger Hargreaves to create the Mr Men. The first was Mr Tickle, with his long stretchy arms. [LISTEN NOW]
	My Father Directed Seven Samurai	20260310	20260311 (WS)	Akira Kurosawa's film, Seven Samurai, is an epic three-and-a-half hour long black and white film set in 16th century Japan. It was released in 1954 and was the most expensive Japanese film ever made at the time. It is widely considered as one of the most influential films in world cinema. The production had its ups and downs, going over schedule and budget. Akira Kurosawa's son Hisao was a nine-year-old boy at the time it was made. He talks to Jen Dale about how his father made the movie and its impact. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: A Japanese movie poster for Seven Samurai. Credit: Movie Poster Image Art/Getty Images) In 1954, the movie Seven Samurai was released, directed by Akira Kurosawa The story of our times, told by the people who were there Akira Kurosawa's movie Seven Samurai was released in 1954. It is widely considered to be one of world cinema's most influential films. [LISTEN NOW]
	Mymba Kuera: The Race To Save Wildlife At The Itaipu Dam	20260420	20260421 (WS)	In October 1982, Paraguay and Brazil closed the gates of the Itaipu River, beginning to fill the reservoir of what would soon be the world's largest dam. Located in a rainforest on the border between the two countries, the Itaipu dam would go on to supply vast amounts of energy for decades. But the rising waters also put thousands of animals at risk, as their habitat was flooded. To mitigate this, the company launched one of the largest wildlife rescue operations in South America. It was called Mymba Kuera - the animals - in Guarani, the local language. Dario Perez Chena led the operation on the Paraguayan side. He spoke to Stefania Gozzer about the challenges his team faced in saving nearly 30,000 animals. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. In 1982, waters rose behind the Itaipu Dam, flooding the homes of thousands of animals The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1982, Paraguay and Brazil closed the gates of the Itaipu Dam to fill its reservoir. But as the water rose, thousands of animals had to be rescued as their habitat was flooded. [LISTEN NOW]
	Nagasaki Bomb	20250804	20250805 (WS)	On 9 August 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan, killing at least 74,000 people. It led to the end of World War Two in Asia, with Japan surrendering to the Allies six days later. The Nagasaki bomb, alongside the Hiroshima bomb on 6 August, remain the only times nuclear weapons have been used in a war. In an interview he gave to the BBC in 1980, British prisoner of war Geoff Sherring describes how he survived the explosion. Produced and presented by Rachel Naylor. This programme was made in collaboration with BBC Archives. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The Nagasaki bomb on 9 August 1945. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 9 August 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki, in Japan, killing at least 74,000 people. It lead to the end of the Second World War in Asia, with Japan surrendering to the Allies six days later. The bomb, alongside the Hiroshima bomb on 6 August, remain the only times nuclear weapons have been used in a war. In an interview he gave to to the BBC in 1980, British prisoner of war Geoff Sherring describes how he survived the explosion. This programme was made in collaboration with BBC Archives. It's produced and presented by Rachel Naylor. (Photo: The Nagasaki bomb on 9 August 1945. Credit: Universal History Archive / Universal Images Group via Getty Images) [LISTEN NOW]
	Nato Bombs Serbian State Television Headquarters	20240610	20240611 (WS)	In April 1999 Nato bombed the Serbian state TV station in Belgrade, killing 16 people. It was part of a military campaign to force Serbia to withdraw from Kosovo. Mike Lanchin has been speaking to one of the survivors, Dragan Šuković, a TV technician, who was working at the station that night. This programme was first broadcast in 2015. (Photo: The Radio Television of Serbia building. Credit: Getty Images) It's 25 years since Nato bombed the Serbian television headquarters in Belgrade It's 25 years since Nato bombed the Serbian state TV station in Belgrade, killing 16 people. It was part of a military campaign to force Serbia to withdraw from Kosovo.
	Nazis In Egypt	20240820	20240821 (WS)	After World War Two, Egypt's government recruited thousands of Nazis and their collaborators to bolster the country's defence and security. This was part of Egyptian President Nasser's efforts to modernise the country and present himself as the leader of the Arab world in its conflict with Israel. Johann Von Leers was one of Adolf Hitler's Nazi propagandists. Nasser's government recruited him in 1956 to lead Egypt's antisemitic propaganda machine. Frank Gelli was a member of a far-right group in Italy at the time. He was sent to meet Von Leers in Cairo in 1964. He tells Ben Henderson about their conversation. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Johann von Leers. Credit: Bernd Settnik/BArch/CC-BY-SA 3.0) Egypt recruited thousands of Nazis after World War Two Egypt recruited thousands of Nazis after World War Two to bolster its security. In 1964, Frank Gelli met Hitler's former propagandist, Johann von Leers, in Cairo.
	New Nordic Cuisine	20260401	20260402 (WS)	In 2004, Danish food entrepreneur Claus Meyer launched the ‘Nordic Kitchen Manifesto', kick-starting a revolution in Nordic cooking focused on local seasonal ingredients. The new approach was most famously embodied by the Copenhagen restaurant Meyer founded, Noma, which was anointed the world's best restaurant five times. New Nordic cuisine is credited with shifting global dining away from the importation of products, and towards its core tenets - freshness, seasonality and localism. Claus Meyer speaks to Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Nordic cuisine. Credit: Sergei Gapon/AFP via Getty Images) In 2004, Danish food entrepreneur Claus Meyer launched a revolution in Nordic cooking The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Ni Una Menos Women's Movement In Argentina	20250710	20250711 (WS)	Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. On 3 June 2015, tens of thousands of people gathered in the capital, Buenos Aires, and in dozens of cities and towns demanding an end to violence against women. There were demonstrations in Chile and Uruguay in solidarity too. Argentina was reporting a female murder rate of one every 31 hours. The killing of a 14-year-old pregnant girl by her boyfriend was seen as a tipping point. Something had to be done. A collective of female journalists and writers campaigned under the banner ‘Ni Una Menos' (not one less) and received support on social media from footballer Lionel Messi and Argentina's president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. Changes to the law on abortion and the representation of women in governance followed. Agustina Paz Frontera who was part of the collective that started the movement tells Josephine McDermott it was the disappearance of her school friend in 2005 that spurred her on. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Agustina Paz Frontera. Credit: Ana Masiello) The start, in 2015, of a movement to stop violence against women in Argentina The story of our times, told by the people who were there In June 2015, tens of thousands of people gathered in the capital, Buenos Aires, and across Argentina to demand action in the face of the shocking number of women being murdered. [LISTEN NOW]
	Nigerian Photographer's Iconic 'hairstyles' Series	20250520	20250521 (WS)	J. D. 'Okhai Ojeikere, who was known as Nigeria's top photographer, started documenting women's hairstyles in 1968. He built up a portfolio of around 2,000 negatives revealing the elaborate ways African women styled their hair through his series of black and white photos. A selection of his 'Hairstyles' prints was displayed at the Venice Biennale in 2013. Reena Stanton-Sharma speaks to his son Amaize Ojeikere, also a photographer, about his father's work. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: 'Hairstyles' by J. D. 'Okhai Ojeikere. Credit: TERESA SUAREZ/EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock) J. D. 'Okhai Ojeikere, known as Nigeria's top photographer gained international acclaim The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1968, J. D. 'Okhai Ojeikere, who was known as Nigeria's top photographer, started documenting women's hairstyles in his iconic photo series. [LISTEN NOW]
	Nigeria's Biafra War	20251203	20251204 (WS)	When the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself to be the independent state of Biafra, civil war broke out in May 1967. More than a million people died before the fighting stopped. In 2021, Patricia Ngozi Ebigwe, now better known as TV and music star Patti Boulaye, spoke to Paul Waters about escaping the conflict. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Government troops during the Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Biafran War, 1969. Credit: Central Press/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) In 1967, the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself the independent state of Biafra The story of our times, told by the people who were there In May 1967, the south-east region of Nigeria declared itself the independent state of Biafra leading to civil war. [LISTEN NOW]
	Norway's Ww2 Railway Sabotage Plot	20260505	20260506 (WS)	In May 1942, a team of Norwegian resistance fighters in occupied Norway were getting ready to blow up a railway carrying materials crucial to the German war machine. Led by Lieutenant Peter Deinboll, a local from the area, they set out to execute what the Allied forces saw as the top priority sabotage operation in Norway at that stage in the war. Should they fail, allied planes would carpet bomb the village, including Deinboll's hometown. Lars Bevanger speaks to Lieutenant Deinboll's nephew, Gunnar Deinboll Jenssen. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Lieutenant Peter Deinboll Jr. Credit: Gunnar Deinboll Jenssen) In 1942, Norwegian resistance fighters set out to blow up a railway used by the Nazis The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1942, a team of Norwegian resistance fighters set out to blow up a railway used to carry materials crucial to the German war machine. [LISTEN NOW]
	Nuns Killed In Algeria	20260504	20260505 (WS)	In the early 1990s, Algeria was engulfed by a brutal civil conflict, as armed Islamist groups fought the state and civilians lived in fear. Foreigners were urged to leave, and many did. But Sister Lourdes Migueles, a Spanish Augustinian nun who had already spent decades serving in Algeria, chose to stay. As the violence worsened, religious figures also became targets. In October 1994, two of Sister Lourdes's fellow nuns, Caridad Alvarez and Esther Paniagua, were shot dead near their convent as they returned from work. Sister Lourdes remembers hearing the gunshots, the panic in the street, and realising immediately that it was her fellow Sisters who had been attacked. Soon afterwards, she was ordered by her superiors to leave Algeria, something she says caused her deep pain, as though she had abandoned the country she loved. Years later, she returned to Algiers, where she still lives and works today, helping women and children. Sister Lourdes Migueles tells her story to Colm Flynn. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Nuns attend a ceremony at the Chapel of our Lady of Santa Cruz in Algeria in 2018. Credit: Ryad Kramdi/via Getty) In October 1993, two nuns were shot dead near their convent in Algiers The story of our times, told by the people who were there In October 1993, two nuns were shot dead near their convent in Algiers during Algeria's brutal civil conflict. [LISTEN NOW]
	Oklahoma City Bombing	20250410	20250411 (WS)	On 19 April 1995, a huge truck bomb killed 168 people in a government building in Oklahoma City, US. There were 19 children among the dead and more than 500 people were injured. One of the perpetrators, Timothy McVeigh, was executed in 2001. Dr David Tuggle was a paediatric surgeon who helped find survivors. He spoke to Golnoosh Golshani in 2015. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Albert P. Murrah Federal Building after the bombing. Credit: Bob Daemmrich/AFP via Getty Images) On 19 April 1995, a huge truck bomb killed 168 people in a US government building The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 19 April 1995, a huge truck bomb killed 168 people in a government building in Oklahoma City, US. One of the perpetrators, Timothy McVeigh, was executed in 2001. [LISTEN NOW]
	Oliver Tambo Returns To South Africa From Exile	20240426	20240427 (WS)	On 13 December 1990, the anti-apartheid politician Oliver Tambo returned to South Africa after 30 years in exile. As the president of the banned African National Congress (ANC), he had lived in Zambia building the liberation movement while other key ANC members including Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu were political prisoners. By lobbying around the world and attracting talented South African exiles such as Thabo Mbeki, he built the organisation into a legitimate contender for government. When President FW de Klerk unbanned the ANC, Oliver or OR Tambo was finally able to return home where he was greeted by a crowd of thousands at the airport. Oliver Tambo's son, Dali Tambo, recalls to Josephine McDermott how his father and other ANC exiles danced in the aisle of the plane as they crossed into South African airspace. (Photo: Oliver Tambo at Jan Smuts Airport. Credit: AP/John Parkin) Oliver Tambo returned to South Africa in 1990 after 30 years in exile Oliver Tambo led the movement against apartheid in South Africa from exile in Zambia. When he returned in 1990, greeted by Nelson Mandela, there were thousands to welcome him.
	Olympics: Zamzam Farah At London 2012	20240724	20240725 (WS)	At the London 2012 Olympics, the Somali sprinter Zamzam Farah became a crowd favourite after finishing last in her 400m heat by 27 seconds. Zamzam had grown up in war-torn Mogadishu, where she had to dodge violence while training on the so-called ‘Road of Death'. She competed with her body fully covered, but, after the Olympics, her family in Somalia received death threats because of what Al-Shabab considered unacceptable behaviour for a Muslim woman. She remained in the UK and gained asylum. Zamzam Farah spoke to Ian Williams in 2021. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Zamzam Farah about to start the 400m at the London 2012 Olympics. Credit: Olivier Morin/AFP/GettyImages) Somali sprinter Zamzam Farah at the London 2012 Olympics Zamzam Farah trained on the ‘Road of Death' for the London 2012 Olympics, while dodging violence in Somalia from Al-Shabab. Somalia sprinter Zamzam Farah at the London 2012 Olympics
	Omar Sharif Stars In Lawrence Of Arabia	20250919	20250920 (WS)	In 1962, Egyptian actor Omar Sharif made his Hollywood debut in Lawrence of Arabia, a sweeping epic that would become one of cinema's most popular films. Gill Kearsley tells the story of the movie legend's transformation into the enigmatic Sherif Ali and brings to life the moment he stepped into the desert and onto the world stage. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Sherif Ali, played by Omar Sharif in Lawrence of Arabia. Credit: Columbia Pictures via Getty Images) Egyptian film star Omar Sharif made his Hollywood debut in Lawrence of Arabia in 1962 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1962, Omar Sharif made his Hollywood debut in Lawrence of Arabia. He was one of Egypt's greatest movie stars. [LISTEN NOW]
	One Man's Escape From Mccarthyism	20250819	20250820 (WS)	In 1951, at the height of the McCarthy era, a time when the US government pursued suspected communists, Victor Grossman was drafted into the army. A committed communist since his teens, he hid his political beliefs. Stationed in West Germany and under FBI scrutiny, he faced the threat of a possible court martial. To avoid prison, he fled to the Soviet Union in 1952, swimming across the Danube River. Victor tells Lizzy Kinch about his dramatic escape and life in East Germany. A Whistledown production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In 1951, a US soldier defected to the Soviet Union during the anti-communist crackdown The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1951, amid intense anti-communist sentiment in the US, soldier Victor Grossman defected to the Soviet Union. [LISTEN NOW]
	Operation Flagship	20251215	20251216 (WS)	Operation Flagship was a U.S Marshals sting operation, where some of Washington DC's most wanted fugitives, were lured to a convention centre under the pretence of having won coveted NFL tickets in December 1985. Upon their arrival, they were greeted by cheerleaders andmascots – all law enforcement officers in disguise. It led to one of America's most successful mass arrests with over 100 people being arrested. One of the ‘cheerleaders' former US Marshal, Stacia Hylton tells Uma Doraiswamy how the plan came together. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Operation Flagship invite sent out to fugitives. Credit: United States Marshals Museum) How some of America's most wanted were captured under the guise of winning NFL tickets The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 15 December 1985, U.S Marshals conducted a sting operation, where some of America's most wanted fugitives, were captured under the pretence of having won NFL tickets. [LISTEN NOW]
	Operation Mincemeat	20260119	20260121 20260120 (WS) 20260122 (WS)	In the early hours of 30 April, 1943, the most audacious hoax of World War Two has just got underway. Its code-name - Operation Mincemeat. The body of a British naval officer, Major William Martin, has been washed up on a Spanish beach. The dead man is carrying top-secret papers revealing details of a planned Allied invasion, and it's not long before they fall into enemy hands. But the plans are false and Major Martin doesn't exist. In a daring mission, British naval intelligence has requisitioned a corpse and dressed him in uniform to plant fake information. It works. But for decades, no-one knew the real name of the man who'd played the biggest part: Major William Martin. Enter Roger Morgan, an amateur historian. He tells Jane Wilkinson how Operation Mincemeat unfolded and how he uncovered the major's true identity. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: William Martin's ID card. Credit: National Archives, Kew) In April, 1943 the most audacious hoax of WW2 began. It was codenamed Operation Mincemeat The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1943 the most audacious hoax of WW2 began. The Nazis discovered secret papers on the body of a British officer washed ashore in Spain. They didn't know every detail was false. [LISTEN NOW] [LISTEN NOW]
	Operation Mincemeat	20260121	20260122 (WS)	In the early hours of 30 April, 1943, one of the most audacious hoaxes of World War Two has just got underway. Its code-name - Operation Mincemeat. The body of a British naval officer, Major William Martin, has been washed up on a Spanish beach. The dead man is carrying top-secret papers revealing details of a planned Allied invasion, and it's not long before they fall into enemy hands. But the plans are false and Major Martin doesn't exist. In a daring mission, British naval intelligence has requisitioned a corpse and dressed him in uniform to plant fake information. It works. But for decades, no-one knew the real name of the man who'd played the biggest part: Major William Martin. Enter Roger Morgan, an amateur historian. He tells Jane Wilkinson how Operation Mincemeat unfolded and how he uncovered the major's true identity. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: William Martin's ID card. Credit: National Archives, Kew) In April 1943, an audacious hoax of WW2 began. It was codenamed Operation Mincemeat The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1943, one of the most audacious hoaxes of WW2 began. The Nazis discovered secret papers on the body of a British officer washed ashore in Spain. All the details were false. [LISTEN NOW]
	Oradour Massacre	20250204	20250205 (WS)	In June 1944, a village in France was destroyed in just one day. German soldiers entered Oradour-sur-Glane and gathered the villagers together. They separated the men from the women and children and took groups to different locations of the village. On that day, 642 were killed. Robert Hébras was just a teenager at the time. Robert's granddaughter, Agathe Hébras tells Gill Kearsley his powerful story, from the arrival of the soldiers to his escape and then his realisation that he was one of the few survivors of the massacre. A warning, this programme contains descriptions of death. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Robert Hebras at age 86, walks through the ruins of Oradour-sur-Glane. Credit: Jean-Pierre Muller/AFP via Getty Images) In June 1944, 642 people were killed in Oradour, France The village of Oradour in France was destroyed in June 1944, when 642 people were killed in a massacre. [LISTEN NOW]
	Orelh\u00e3o: Brazil's Iconic Egg-shaped Telephone Booth	20240614	20240615 (WS)	In 1971, a female architect called Chu Ming Silveira created Brazil's iconic egg-shaped telephone booth, Orelhão. More than 50,000 of the booths were installed across Brazil and the design was so successful that other countries decided to use it. Chu Ming was born in China and moved over to Brazil with her family in 1949, following the end of the Chinese Civil War. At a time when not many architects were women in the country, she was tasked with creating a design for a cheap, light-weight and visually attractive public phone booth. Chu Ming died in 1997, aged 58. In 2017, Google decided to celebrate her life by creating a doodle. Her son, Alan Chu, has been sharing his memories of Chu Ming with Matt Pintus. (Photo: Chu Ming using an Orelhão phone booth. Credit: Chu Ming Silveira's Collection - Ouvio.arq.br) In 1971, a female Chinese architect called Chu Ming Silveira created Orelh\u00e3o In 1971, a female architect called Chu Ming Silveira created Brazil's iconic egg-shaped telephone booth, Orelhão. More than 50,000 of the booths were installed across Brazil.
	Orson Welles Broadcasts The War Of The Worlds	20251030	20251031 (WS)	The night before Halloween in 1938, 23-year-old Orson Welles and his Mercury Theatre on the Air performed a radio adaptation of H G Wells's The War of the Worlds. It would become one of the most notorious radio broadcasts in history. In their own words, from the BBC's archive, Orson Welles, producer John Houseman and writer Howard Koch describe how it was 'a very boring show' until they had the idea to update the science fiction story, using reportage and the name of a real location in New Jersey in the United States, as the scene for where aliens from Mars would invade. Up to six million people tuned in, most of whom had no idea that what they were listening to was fictional. It prompted mass panic. Orson Welles delights in recalling 'Suddenly everyone started driving at 125 miles per hour,' saying, 'I'm going to the hills'. Produced and presented by Josephine McDermott. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Orson Welles rehearsing The War of the Worlds. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images) In 1938, Orson Welles terrified radio listeners with The War of the Worlds The story of our times, told by the people who were there In his own words, from the BBC's archive, actor Orson Welles describes his adaptation of The War of the Worlds which prompted mass panic in the United States in 1938. [LISTEN NOW]
	Oslo's Anti-racism Demonstration	20260318	20260319 (WS)	On 1 February 2001, at least 30,000 people rallied in Oslo after the murder of 15-year-old Benjamin Hermansen by neo-Nazis. It is thought to be Norway's first racially motivated killing. News reports said the rally saw the largest crowd in Oslo since the liberation of Norway in 1945. Benjamin's childhood friend, Luciana Parvaneh Zehi, tells Jen Dale about the march and the events leading up to it. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Picture: Demonstration in Oslo. Credit: Sveinung Ystad/Shutterstock) In 2001, an anti-racism rally was held in Oslo after a teenager was murdered by neo-Nazis The story of our times, told by the people who were there In February 2001, tens of thousands of people rallied in Oslo to show their anger against what is considered Norway's first racially motivated murder. [LISTEN NOW]
	Osmondmania	20231020	20231021 (WS)	On 21 October 1973, American heartthrobs The Osmonds were met by hysterical crowds when their plane landed at London's Heathrow Airport. A surge by some of the 10,000 fans caused a viewing balcony to collapse. Eighteen people were injured. Four fans were treated in hospital. The term 'Osmondmania' was used across the newspapers. Donny Osmond shares his memories of it with Josephine McDermott. (Photo: Fans wait for The Osmonds on the viewing balcony at Heathrow Airport before the collapse) Donny Osmond shares his memories of teen hysteria in 1973 On 21 October 1973, 10,000 fans waited for The Osmonds to land at London's Heathrow Airport. A crowd surge caused a viewing balcony to collapse. Donny Osmond recalls the scenes.
	'panda Diplomacy': China Gifts Pandas To Taiwan	20240603	20240604 (WS)	In 2008, panda-mania hit Taiwan when China gifted the country two giant pandas. This practice known as ‘panda diplomacy' is thought to date back as far as the 7th Century. Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan flew into Taiwan and became instant celebrities. Eve Chen, zookeeper at Taipei Zoo says: “They were extremely cute and adorable. You could call them like the handsome and the beauty, like the Barbie and Ken in a panda. ? Eve tells Gill Kearsley about their arrival and what it meant to Taiwan. (Photo: Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan in China. Credit: Visual China Group via Getty Images.) Giant pandas, Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan, were sent to Taiwan from China as a gift in 2008 Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan, two giant pandas were sent to Taiwan from China as a gift in 2008. The practice of ‘panda diplomacy' is thought to date back as far as the 7th Century.
	Paraguay Adopts Its Second Language	20240313	20240314 (WS)	In 1992, Guarani was designated an official language in Paraguay's new constitution, alongside Spanish. It is the only indigenous language of South America to have achieved such recognition and ended years of rejection and discrimination against Paraguay's majority Guarani speakers. Mike Lanchin hears from the Paraguayan linguist and anthropologist David Olivera, and even tries to speak a bit of the language. A CTVC production for the BBC World Service. (Photo: A man reads a book in Guarani. Credit: Norberto Duarte/AFP/Getty Images) How Guarani was officially recognised in Paraguay's new constitution Paraguay's official recognition of the indigenous language Guarani ended years of prejudice against its speakers.
	Patty Hearst: Rebel Heiress	20240213	20240214 (WS)	When wealthy newspaper heiress Patty Hearst was kidnapped by far-left militants in February 1974, America saw her as a victim. But two months later, she announced she had decided to join the group. Soon, she was accompanying it on an attempted bank robbery. In 2010, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Carol Pogash, a journalist who followed the story. (Photo: Patty being led to her trial. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images) In 1974, a kidnapped socialite joined forces with her captors In 1974, kidnapped socialite Patty Hearst shocked America by announcing she was siding with her captors.
	Paul Keating's Redfern Speech	20250213	20250214 (WS)	On 10 December 1992, Australia's Prime Minister, Paul Keating, addressed a crowd in a Sydney suburb called Redfern, to mark the UN's International Year of the World's Indigenous People. What started as a low-key affair, is remembered as one of the most powerful speeches in Australian history. It was the first time an Australian Prime Minister took moral responsibility for the horrors committed against Indigenous Australians. The speech received significant backlash, but it's often credited with paving the way for a later Australian Prime Minister, Kevin Rudd, to issue a formal apology to Indigenous Australians. In 2007, ABC radio listeners voted it the third most unforgettable speech in history behind Martin Luther King's 'I have a dream' speech and Jesus' Sermon on the Mount. Don Watson wrote the speech. He speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Audio of Redfern speech: National Archives of Australia) (Photo: Prime Minister Paul Keating at Redfern. Credit: Pickett/The Sydney Morning Herald/Fairfax Media via Getty Images) In 1992, Australia's Prime Minister addressed atrocities inflicted upon Indigenous people The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1992, Australia's Prime Minister took moral responsibility for the atrocities inflicted upon the country's Indigenous people by white settlers. [LISTEN NOW]
	Peshawar School Massacre	20241216	20241217 (WS)	Ten years ago, the Taliban killed more than 140 people at Peshawar Army School on 16 December 2014. It's one of the worst terror attacks in Pakistan's history. Chemistry teacher Andaleeb Aftab survived by hiding in the staff toilets. The majority killed were young students, including Andaleeb's 16-year-old son. She speaks to Ella Rule. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: People light candles in memory of victims of the Peshawar Army School terror attack. Credit: ASIF HASSAN/AFP via Getty Images) In 2014, one of Pakistan's worst terror attacks took place at Peshawar Army School Ten years ago, teacher Andaleeb Aftab survived one of the worst terror attacks in Pakistan's history. The Taliban stormed a school on 16 December 2014. [LISTEN NOW]
	Peter Singer's Drowning Child Thought Experiment	20260429	20260430 (WS)	In 1971, the region that is now Bangladesh fought for independence from Pakistan. At the time, Peter Singer was a philosophy lecturer at the University of Oxford. Horrified by the suffering in Bangladesh, Singer wrote an essay in which he put forward his Drowning Child thought experiment, one of the most influential ideas in modern philosophy. The thought experiment, published in 1972, inspired the Effective Altruism movement, which has led donors to commit billions of dollars to charities. Peter Singer speaks to Ben Henderson. This programme contains views on disability that some people may find offensive. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Peter Singer in 2001. Credit: Najlah Feanny/Corbis via Getty Images) In 1972, Peter Singer published one of the most influential ideas in modern philosophy The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1972, the philosopher Peter Singer published his Drowning Child thought experiment, one of the most influential ideas in modern philosophy. [LISTEN NOW]
	Pinyin: The Man Who Helped China To Read And Write	20240318	20240319 (WS)	In 1958, a brand new writing system was introduced in China called Pinyin. It used the Roman alphabet to help simplify Chinese characters into words. The mastermind behind Pinyin was a professor called Zhou Youguang who'd previously worked in the United States as a banker. Pinyin helped to rapidly increase literacy levels in China. When it was introduced, 80% of the population couldn't read or write. It's now only a couple of percent. Despite being responsible for such an important tool in China's development, Zhou was subjected to re-education as part of Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution in the 1960s. He was forced to work on a farm in rural China. In 2017 Zhou Youguang died aged 111. Matt Pintus has been going through archive interviews to piece together Zhou's life. This programme contains archive material from NPR and the BBC. (Photo: Zhou Youguang. Credit: Bloomberg/Getty Images) In 1958, Zhou Youguang introduced a new writing system in China In 1958, a brand new writing system was introduced in China by a professor called Zhou Youguang. It was called Pinyin and it helped to rapidly increase Chinese literacy levels.
	Poland's Bleak Christmas	20241219	20241220 (WS)	In 1981, the communist government of Poland declared martial law in an attempt to suppress rising protests and strikes. The civil unrest had been sparked by Solidarity, a trade union which became a social movement. Tanks and soldiers appeared on the street, Solidarity members were rounded up, and TV and radio stations shut down. For a devoutly Catholic country – Christmas was a sacred time, but under martial law there would be very little to celebrate this festive season. Johnny I'Anson hears from Solidarity member and activist Maciek Romejko about a bleak Christmas in Poland. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Martial law in Poland. Credit: Getty Images) In 1981, the communist government of Poland declared martial law to suppress civil unrest In 1981, tanks and soldiers appeared on the streets of Poland as the communist government tried to suppress rising strikes and protests. [LISTEN NOW]
	Portugal's Worst Train Disaster	20260304	20260305 (WS)	On 11 September 1985 in Mangualde, central Portugal, an express train collided head-on with a regional train killing an estimated 150 people. The impact destroyed both engines and the leaking diesel caught fire. Many of the bodies were unidentifiable after passengers who survived the collision were trapped in the wreckage and unable to escape the blaze and toxic fumes. An inquiry found both trains had been allowed to use the same single track line when the express should have had priority. A station master who realised the mistake was unable to contact the drivers in time. Most of the victims' remains are buried in a mass grave near the disaster site and a small chapel has now been built where memorial services take place every year. Jacqueline Paine speaks to former voluntary fire station Commander Américo Borges who was one of the first on the scene. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Monument in memory of the Alcafache accident, Portugal. Credit: Vitor Oliveira) In 1985, two trains collided on a single track line killing an estimated 150 people The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1985, two trains collided head-on killing an estimated 150 people. Many of the victims are unidentifiable after being trapped in the wreckage and unable to escape the blaze. [LISTEN NOW]
	Pramoedya Ananta Toer: The Banned Author Of Indonesia	20250815	20250816 (WS)	In 1969, Indonesian writer Pramoedya Ananta Toer was imprisoned without trial in the notorious labour camp on Buru Island. He spent 10 years there. He is best known for his novels about the rise of Indonesian nationalism. He wrote much of his work in captivity. As he was denied pen and paper on the island, his most famous work, the Buru Quartet, began as oral storytelling. He narrated the stories to fellow prisoners until he was eventually allowed to write them down himself. His powerful story is told through archive interviews. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. Indonesian writer, Pramoedya Ananta Toer wrote novels whilst imprisoned on an island The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1969, Indonesian writer Pramoedya Ananta Toer was imprisoned on Buru Island and denied pen and paper, but was determined to carry on with his storytelling. [LISTEN NOW]
	President Clinton Is Impeached	20251104	20251105 (WS)	In 1999, the US Senate chamber in Washington DC was turned into a court to put President Bill Clinton on trial, after he admitted lying about an affair with an intern called Monica Lewinsky. In 2011, Bill Clinton's former press secretary spoke to Neil Razzell. Joe Lockhart recounted the impeachment and the fight to save his presidency. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: White House President Bill Clinton speaks to the press at the White House after the Senate acquitted him in the Senate impeachment trial. Credit: Juana Arias/The Washington Post via Getty Images) In 1999, US President Clinton was impeached over a relationship with a White House intern The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1999, President Bill Clinton was impeached after admitting lying about an affair with an intern. Bill Clinton's former press secretary, Joe Lockhart, spoke in 2011. [LISTEN NOW]
	President Clinton Plays The Sax In Prague	20250723	20250724 (WS)	In January 1994, two presidents enjoyed a memorable night in the Czech Republic – ending with an impromptu jazz performance. Five years after the fall of communism, the US president Bill Clinton visited Prague to share his hopes for a new transatlantic alliance. Key to his vision was his friendship with the Czech president Vaclav Havel, a playwright who had been imprisoned for dissidence during the Cold War. During the visit, Havel arranged a series of surprises for Clinton including a reunion with the family he had stayed with on a visit to Prague in 1970. The final surprise took place at the city's famous Reduta jazz club. Havel presented Clinton with a saxophone and the two friends performed together on stage – a moment which came to symbolise the new partnership between East and West. Vicky Farncombe uses archive from the Vaclav Havel Center and the William J Clinton Presidential Library to relive the big night out. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Presidents perform at the Reduta jazz club. Credit: Office of the President of the Czech Republic) In January 1994, two presidents jammed together on stage in a Prague jazz club The story of our times, told by the people who were there In January 1994, US president Bill Clinton and Czech president Vaclav Havel performed together on stage at the Reduta jazz club, in Prague. [LISTEN NOW]
	President Richard Nixon Resigns	20240808	20240809 (WS)	On 8 August 1974, Richard Nixon became the first US president in history to resign from office, following the Watergate scandal. This scandal began with a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in 1972, which was linked to Nixon's re-election campaign. The release of tapes from within the White House, dubbed the Nixon Tapes, revealed Nixon's involvement in the cover-up, leading to a loss of political support and impending impeachment proceedings. In 2014, Farhana Haider spoke to journalist Tom DeFrank, who watched the drama unfold minute by minute. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Richard Nixon. Credit: Getty Images) In 1974, Richard Nixon became the first US president in history to resign
	Princess Diana At The Taj Mahal	20240510	20240222 20240223 (WS) 20240511 (WS)	In 1992, a photograph of Princess Diana alone on a bench in front of the Taj Mahal became one of the most famous photos in the world. Anwar Hussein was a photographer who documented the lives of the British royal family. His first visit to the Taj Mahal was to photograph Prince Charles in 1980. He tells Gill Kearsley about his relationship with the royal family and about taking the iconic photograph. (Photo: Princess Diana alone outside the Taj Mahal. Credit: Anwar Hussein/Getty Images) The story of a princess, an Indian palace and a photograph which gained worldwide fame An image of Princess Diana alone on a bench in front of the Taj Mahal became one of the most famous photos in the world in 1992.
	Prosecuting Nazis At The Nuremberg Trials	20251112	20251113 (WS)	In November 1945, the first major war crimes trial in history opened in the German city of Nuremberg. Senior Nazis who had committed atrocities during World War Two were prosecuted by the victorious Allied powers of Britain, the USA, France and the Soviet Union. In 2014, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Benjamin Ferencz, who helped unearth evidence of mass murder by the Nazi mobile death squads and prosecuted them in Nuremberg. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The defendants in the Nuremberg trials. Credit: US National Archives/via Reuters) Eighty years ago, in the aftermath of World War Two, a major war crimes trial took place The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Queen Of The 'fro	20240205	20240206 (WS)	In May 1986, 16-year-old Charlotte Mensah went to work in the UK's first luxury Afro-Caribbean hair salon, Splinters. In London's glamorous Mayfair, Splinters had earned a world-class reputation and hosted the likes of Diana Ross. Charlotte says it looked more like a five-star hotel than a salon and that its owner, Winston Isaacs expected no less than perfection from all his staff. Now a giant of the hair care industry in her own right, Charlotte has become known as the 'Queen of the 'fro'. She tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty about her roots and how training at the legendary Splinters changed her life. This programme includes an account of racial bullying. (Photo: Young Charlotte in the salon. Credit: Charlotte Mensah) In 1986, Charlotte Mensah went to work in the UK's first luxury Afro-Caribbean hair salon In May 1986, Charlotte Mensah went to work in the UK's first luxury Afro-Caribbean hair salon, Splinters. Located in Mayfair, Splinters had earned a world class reputation. In May 1986, 17-year-old Charlotte Mensah went to work in the UK's first luxury Afro-Caribbean hair salon, Splinters. In London's glamorous Mayfair, Splinters had earned a world-class reputation and hosted the likes of Diana Ross and Bob Marley.
	Radio Free Europe	20251230	20251231 (WS)	Seventy-five years ago, Radio Free Europe started broadcasting news to audiences behind the Iron Curtain. It initially broadcast to Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania and programmes were produced in Munich, Germany. It now reaches nearly 50 million people a week, in 27 languages in 23 countries. Rachel Naylor speaks to former deputy director, Arch Puddington. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: An engineer at Radio Free Europe in 1960. Credit: Bettmann) Seventy-five years ago, RFE started broadcasting to audiences behind the Iron Curtain The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Ramesses Ii's 'mummy Makeover'	20240903	20240904 (WS)	In 1976, the 3,000-year-old mummy of Ramesses II was found to have a fungal infection. The embalmed body of the Egyptian pharaoh was flown from Cairo to Paris for a once-in-a-deathtime makeover. It received a royal welcome at the airport, and was guarded throughout its restoration, which took place at the Musee de l'Homme. Anne-Marie Goden worked as a receptionist at the museum. She tells Gill Kearsley the extraordinary story of the restoration. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The mummy of Ramesses II being examined in Paris. Credit: Tony Comiti/Sygma via Getty Images) In 1976, the mummy of Ramesses II was flown from Egypt to Paris for a makeover The 3,000-year-old mummy of Ramesses II, an Egyptian pharaoh, was found to have a fungal infection. So in 1976, it was flown to Paris for a once-in-a-deathtime makeover. Anne-Marie Gouden worked as a receptionist at the museum. She tells Gill Kearsley the extraordinary story of the restoration. (Photo: The mummy of Ramesses II. Credit: Jean-Pierre Tartrat/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)
	Rana Plaza Building Collapse	20231017		In April 2013, Rana Plaza, an eight-storey building on the outskirts of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, collapsed. More than 1,000 people died and many others were injured. The building contained five garment factories which manufactured clothes for well-known international brands. It was the worst industrial disaster in Bangladesh's history. Parul Akhter, a sewing machinist who survived the collapse, talks to Dan Hardoon.
	Ravi And George	20251128	20251129 (WS)	Following the Beatles' final concert tour, George Harrison travelled to India in 1967 to learn sitar under the renowned musician Ravi Shankar. Fleeing Beatlemania he travelled in disguise to Mumbai and then to Srinagar in Kashmir. Listening to BBC archive and using excerpts from a Martin Scorsese documentary, we hear one of the world's most famous guitarists challenge himself to learn a new instrument. The moment influenced George's spirituality and his burgeoning solo musical career, as well as the Beatles'. It also propelled Ravi Shankar further into the limelight. The musicians remained lifelong friends. Ravi says they last saw each other on 28 November 2001, the day before George died. Produced and presented by Surya Elango. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: George Harrison and Ravi Shankar in 1975. Credit: by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images) In 1967, Ravi Shankar taught the 'quiet Beatle' George Harrison how to play the sitar. The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Indian sitarist Ravi Shankar taught the Beatles' lead guitarist George Harrison the sitar, bringing classical Indian music to a western audience. [LISTEN NOW]
	Reagan And Gorbachev: The Geneva Summit	20251117	20251118 (WS)	Forty years ago, in November 1985, two of the world's most powerful leaders met for the first time. With Cold War tensions running high and the nuclear arms race dominating global politics, US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev came together for the first time at the Geneva Summit. Using archive recordings, Megan Jones explores what happened during this landmark meeting. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and US President Ronald Reagan at the Geneva Summit 1985. Credit: Universal History Archive/Getty Images) In 1985, US President Ronald Reagan met Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in Switzerland The story of our times, told by the people who were there In November 1985, US President Ronald Reagan met the Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in Switzerland. It was a key moment in Cold War diplomacy. [LISTEN NOW]
	Reforming Egypt's Divorce Laws	20250916	20250917 (WS)	Egypt's first lady Jehan Sadat helped lead a campaign to grant women new rights to divorce their husbands and retain custody of their children in 1979. Married to President Anwar Sadat, she wanted to play a more active role than the wives of previous leaders and told her husband it was his duty to make Egypt more equal for women. After some persuasion, he issued decrees improving the divorce status of women despite facing a backlash, and these became known as “Jehan's laws ?. Produced and presented by Reena Stanton-Sharma. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. Egypt's first lady Jehan Sadat campaigned to grant women new rights to divorce in 1979 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1979, Egypt's first lady Jehan Sadat helped lead a campaign to grant women new rights to divorce and retain custody of their children. They became known as “Jehan's laws ?. In 1979, Egypt's former first lady Jehan Sadat helped lead a campaign to grant women new rights to divorce their husbands and retain custody of their children. (Photo: Jehan Sadat in 1975. Credit: Hilaria McCarthy/Daily Express/Hulton Archive via Getty Images) In 1979, Egypt's first lady Jehan Sadat campaigned to grant women new rights to divorce [LISTEN NOW]
	Rehabilitating Kony's Child Soldiers In Uganda	20240307	20240308 (WS)	In 2002, a Catholic nun arrived in Gulu, a town in northern Uganda, to help set up a sewing school for locals. For years, the town had been the target of brutal attacks by the Lord's Resistance Army, led by the warlord Joseph Kony. The rebel group was known for kidnapping children and forcing them into becoming soldiers. As the LRA was being chased out of Uganda, those who were captured arrived at the school seeking refuge. Sister Rosemary Nyirumbe shares the shocking stories of those who escaped captivity with George Crafer. (Photo: Sister Rosemary at St Monica's. Credit: Sewing Hope Foundation) In 2002, a nun was sent to northern Uganda to help those suffering from a bloody conflict In the 1980s, Joseph Kony's Lord's Resistance Army began attacking Ugandans. Thousands were killed and displaced. Children were forced to become soldiers and commit terrible acts.
	Replacing The Panchen Lama	20250123	20250124 (WS)	On 29 November 1995, Tibetan Buddhist leaders attended a secret ceremony in the Tibetan capital, Lhasa. They were present to witness the choice of the next Panchen Lama, a position in Tibetan Buddhism second in importance to the Dalai Lama. They were met by Chinese armed guards, sent to ensure Chinese influence over the choice of Panchen Lama. The Dalai Lama's choice of Panchen Lama had been kidnapped and disappeared six months earlier. Arjia Rinpoche, a senior Tibetan Lama, was at the ceremony. He speaks to Alex Strangwayes-Booth. This is a CTVC production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Arjia Rinpoche in 2008. Credit: Mira Oberman/AFP via Getty Images) On 29 November 1995, China exerted its influence over Tibetan Buddhism's leadership On 29 November 1995, China orchestrated the choice of the next Panchen Lama, Tibetan Buddhism's second highest spiritual authority. Arjia Rinpoche was at the ceremony. [LISTEN NOW]
	Rescuing Palmyra's Treasures From The Islamic State Group	20250509	20250510 (WS)	In May 2015, when the ancient city of Palmyra in Syria was about to fall to jihadist fighters, a group of men risked their lives to load centuries-old artefacts from the city's museum onto trucks and drive them to safety. Before their advance to Palmyra, members of the group that called itself Islamic State had already been filmed for social media smashing statues that dated back to religious life in the Middle East before the Prophet Muhammad. Khalil Hariri, an archaeology expert who worked at Palmyra's museum, tells Josephine McDermott about his passion for its history and the personal price he has paid for the daring rescue. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The damaged site of Palmyra in 2016. The graffiti reads ‘We remain'. Credit: Reuters) In 2015 Khalil Hariri risked his life to save centuries-old archaeology in Syria The story of our times, told by the people who were there The archaeologist who risked everything to preserve the world-famous archaeology that a militant group wanted to destroy. [LISTEN NOW]
	Resusci Anne: The World's First Life-saving Resuscitation Dummy	20250404	20250405 (WS)	In 1960, Norwegian toymaker À...smund Lærdal began selling his latest invention - a life-size training dummy designed to teach mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Resusci Anne is made of soft plastic and resembles an unconscious person. À...smund wanted as many people as possible to be trained in this new method of life saving and he hoped that a female manikin would be less threatening to trainees. Anne's now believed to have saved the lives of more than two million people around the world. Jacqueline Paine speaks to À...smund's son Tore Lærdal, who explains how his father had been inspired by a near-death experience Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: À...smund Lærdal with Resusci Anne in water rescue. Credit: Lærdal Medical) In May 1960 a Norwegian toy-maker unveiled a life-sized, life-like training manikin The story of our times, told by the people who were there After working closely with medical and technical experts, À...smund Lærdal unveils Resusci Anne in May 1960. She would transform medical training and help save millions of lives. [LISTEN NOW]
	Robert Ripley And The 'believe It Or Not' Empire	20250101	20250102 (WS)	In December 1918, sports writer and cartoonist Robert Ripley was struggling to find some content for his column in the New York Globe. So he compiled and illustrated some of the quirkiest sports facts from the year and created what would go onto become the ‘Believe It or Not' cartoon. Its popularity grew and, by the time of America's Great Depression, Ripley was a multi-millionaire who would travel the world on his hunt for more weird and wonderful facts. His empire expanded into radio and, in 1940, he persuaded the Duke of Windsor – who had abdicated from the throne in 1936 - to give his first commercial radio appearance. John Corcoran, exhibits director at Ripley's, tells Vicky Farncombe about that historic moment. This programme also includes archive courtesy of the Ripley's Believe It or Not! Archives. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Robert Ripley. Credit: Getty Images) During the Great Depression, cartoonist Robert Ripley made millions from freaky facts How American cartoonist Robert Ripley created a multi-million dollar empire from freaky facts during the Great Depression. [LISTEN NOW]
	'robocops' In The Democratic Republic Of Congo	20241011	20241012 (WS)	After the death of her brother, engineer Thérèse Izay Kirongozi got to work handmaking huge robots to direct traffic and save lives. In 2013 they were installed on the streets of Kinshasa, in the Democratic Republic of Congo. They have green lights on their hands, a red light in their chest, can turn around and live stream to a police control centre, they also sing when children cross the road. You might also see the ‘female' robots wearing skirts, make-up and hoop earrings. Thérèse speaks to Megan Jones about her invention. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. Handmade robots were installed in DRC's capital city Kinshasa to direct traffic To direct traffic on the streets of DRC's capital city Kinshasa, handmade robots were installed in 2013. They sing and half are now wearing earrings, makeup and skirts. [LISTEN NOW]
	Roddy Doyle: Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha	20260414	20260415 (WS)	In 1993, the Irish writer Roddy Doyle won the prestigious Booker Prize for Fiction. His novel, Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha, was remarkable for the way it conveyed gritty drama through the eyes of a 10-year-old boy. Roddy tells Ben Henderson about his inspiration for Paddy Clarke, how he balanced writing with becoming a father and teaching, and the emotions of the night he won the award. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Roddy Doyle. Credit: Dominic Ledwidge O'Reilly/Independent News and Media via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1993, the Irish writer Roddy Doyle won the prestigious Booker Prize for fiction. His novel, Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha, portrayed life through the eyes of a 10-year-old boy. [LISTEN NOW]
	Ronald Reagan And The Moral Majority	20240807	20240808 (WS)	In 1979, the Moral Majority was launched and changed the course of US politics. It was set up to promote family values by religious conservatives from Catholic, Jewish and evangelical Christian communities. It urged Protestants, in particular, to go against the tradition of separating politics and religion. It encouraged them to vote Republican. Richard Viguerie was one of the driving forces behind the movement. He spoke to Claire Bowes in 2016. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Richard Viguerie and Ronald Reagan. Credit: courtesy of ConservativeHQ.com) In 1979, the Moral Majority was launched and changed the course of US politics, helping the Republicans into office. Richard Viguerie was one of the movement's driving forces.
	Ronald Reagan's 'tear Down This Wall' Speech	20250612	20250613 (WS)	In 1987 US President Ronald Reagan spoke at the Berlin Wall. In his speech he called on the leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev to ‘tear down this wall'. The famous words were met with applause and cheers by the large crowd of West Berliners who had lived in a divided city since 1961 when the wall was built. However, that phrase was very nearly omitted from the address. The speechwriter, Peter Robinson, tells Tim O'Callaghan what happened Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Ronald Reagan speaking outside the Berlin Wall and Brandenburg Gate in 1987, Credit: MIKE SARGENT/AFP via Getty Images) In 1987 the US President called on the Soviet Union leader to take down the Berlin Wall The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1987 Uunied States President Ronald Reagan spoke at the Berlin Wall. In his speech he called on the leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev to 'Tear down this wall'. In 1987 United States President Ronald Reagan spoke at the Berlin Wall, in his speech he called on the leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev to 'tear down this wall'. [LISTEN NOW]
	Rosalind Franklin: Dna Pioneer	20231115	20231116 (WS)	In 1951, Rosalind Franklin began one of the key scientific investigations of the century. The young British scientist produced an X-ray photograph that helped show the structure of DNA, the molecule that holds the genetic code that underpins all life. The discovery was integral to the transformation of modern medicine and has been described as one of the greatest scientific achievements ever. Farhana Haider spoke to Rosalind's younger sister, Jenifer Glynn, in 2017. (Photo: Dr Rosalind Franklin. Credit: Donaldson Collection/Michael Ochs Archives via Getty Images) The scientist produced an X-ray photograph in 1952, that helped show the structure of DNA In 1951, a young British scientist began a key scientific investigation. Rosalind Franklin produced an X-ray photograph that helped show the structure of DNA.
	Russia Annexes Crimea	20240226		In 2014, Russia annexed the strategic Crimean peninsula from Ukraine, a move seen by Kyiv and many other countries as illegal. The crisis it caused was so acute the world seemed on the brink of a new cold war. In 2022, one Crimean woman told Louise Hidalgo what it was like to live through.
	Russian Ballerina Defects To The West	20240110	20240111 (WS)	In 1970, Natalia Makarova became the first female ballet star to defect to the West from Russia. The dancer claimed asylum during a UK tour, nine years after another Russian dancer, Rudolf Nureyev, had defected. Natalia later joined the American Ballet Theatre in New York. She wouldn't return to her home country for almost 20 years. Jane Wilkinson has been looking through the archive to discover the reasons behind her defection. (Photo: Natalia Makarova in New York, 1980. Credit: Brownie Harris/Corbis via Getty Images) In 1970 Natalia Makarova became the first female ballet star to defect from Russia In 1970, Natalia Makarova became the first female ballet star to defect to the West from Russia. The star of the Kirov ballet company claimed asylum during a UK tour of London.
	Sagrada Familia: Completing Gaudi's Vision	20240625		When visionary architect Antoni Gaudi died unexpectedly in 1926, his followers were left with incredible plaster of Paris models showing how to complete his famous church, La Sagrada Familia. The only problem was they were smashed “to smithereens ? during the Spanish Civil War. New Zealand architect Mark Burry was part of a small team trying to piece together Gaudi's vision for the Barcelona basilica. He tells Vicky Farncombe about his first week in the job. “There were literally thousands and thousands of pieces and lots of missing pieces. “By day three, I was in despair. ? He also shares the spine-tingling moment he heard music in the church for the first time.
	Sarah Baartman's 200-year Journey Back Home	20240424	20240428 20240425 (WS)	In August 2002, the remains of an indigenous South African woman called Sarah Baartman were returned to South Africa after almost 200 years away. Sarah died in Paris in 1815 after being forced to perform in European 'freak shows' where people considered to be biological rarities were paraded for entertainment. She had been subjected to racist and degrading treatment and her remains were exhibited at a French museum until 1976. When Nelson Mandela became the president of South Africa in 1994, he requested that Sarah's remains be returned to her homeland. However, by 1998 that had not happened. Poet Diana Ferrus decided to write about Sarah's limbo. Her poem became so popular that it was noticed by politicians in France. Diana shares her memories of that time with Matt Pintus. This programme contains discriminatory language. In 2002, the remains of an indigenous South African woman called Sarah Baartman were returned to her home country after almost 200 years away. When Nelson Mandela became the president of South Africa in 1994, he requested that Sarah's remains be returned to her homeland. However, by 1998 that hadn't happened. Diana has been sharing her memories of that time with Matt Pintus. The programme contains discriminatory language. (Photo: Sarah Baartman exhibit at French museum. Credit: AFP via Getty Images) In 2002, the remains of Sarah Baartman were returned to South Africa In 2002, the remains of an indigenous South African woman called Sarah Baartman were returned to her homeland after almost 200 years away. Poet Diana Ferrus speaks to Matt Pintus.
	Sarin Gas Attack On The Tokyo Subway	20250121		In 1995, an obscure Japanese religion launched a chemical attack on the Tokyo metro. Members of the doomsday cult, which called itself Aum Shinrikyo, dropped plastic bags containing sarin liquid on the floors of five different trains and then pierced them. As the liquid evaporated passengers began inhaling the deadly fumes. Thirteen people were killed and thousands more injured. One of the passengers affected that day was Atsushi Asakahara. He spoke to Chloe Hadjimatheou in 2012. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Saving Lives After The 2002 Bali Bombings	20240816	20240817 (WS)	Two bombs ripped through the Kuta area of the Indonesian island of Bali on 12 October 2002. 202 people were killed. 28 burns victims were taken to Royal Perth Hospital, Australia, where plastic surgeon Professor Fiona Wood worked. She led a team working to save patients suffering between two and 92 percent body burns using ‘spray-on skin'. Professor Wood speaks to Megan Jones. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Professor Fiona Wood. Credit: Fiona Wood Foundation) Spray-on skin' was used to treat burns victims after bombings on the Indonesian island After the 2002 Bali terror attack, 28 burns victims arrived at Royal Perth Hospital in Australia. Burns expert Professor Fiona Wood worked to save patients using ‘spray-on skin'.
	Saving Lives On D-day	20240606	20240607 (WS)	Charles Norman Shay was a field medic in the United States Army when he landed on the Normandy beach codenamed Omaha on D-Day. On June 6, 1944, the US 1st Infantry Division faced a bombardment of machine gun fire from the German soldiers on surrounding cliffs. More than 1,700 men died on Omaha alone. Aged just 19, Charles risked his own life to save his comrades from drowning, for which he was awarded the US silver star for gallantry. Although he had served his country, as a native American, he was deprived the right to vote until 1954. Aged 99, he tells Josephine McDermott his remarkable account. (Photo: Charles Norman Shay in October 1944 in Germany. Credit: Charles Norman Shay) Charles Norman Shay was honoured for saving men from drowning on Omaha Beach on D-Day Charles Norman Shay was a field medic in the United States Army when he landed on the Normandy beach codenamed Omaha on D-Day. He was awarded the US silver star for gallantry.
	Sazae-san: World's Longest-running Cartoon	20260108	20260109 (WS)	In 1969, a cartoon about a traditional Japanese family premiered on Fuji TV. More than 55 years later, Sazae-san still airs in its original time slot. It is set in a more patriarchal time when women stay at home and do the housework, and men go to work and like getting drunk. Sunishi Yukimuro was one of the first writers. He tells Vicky Farncombe how young viewers watch it as a period drama and enjoy the closeness of the family. “They get most envious when they watch the scenes where everybody gets together to have a meal, ? he says. “We don't have such scenes in current families. People eat separately these days. ? Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Sazae-San. Credit: Hasegawa Michiko Art Museum/ AFP via Getty Images) In 1969, a Japanese cartoon about a traditional family premiered on Fuji TV The story of our times, told by the people who were there Sunishi Yukimuro, one of the first writers on Sazae-san, looks back at how the cartoon about a traditional Japanese family became so popular. [LISTEN NOW]
	Siegfried And Roy Tiger Attack	20241101		For nearly 40 years, the magicians Roy Horn and Siegfried Fischbacher wowed audiences in Las Vegas with their death-defying tricks involving white lions and tigers. But in 2003, their show at the Mirage casino came to a dramatic end when Roy was left partially paralysed after being attacked by a seven-year old tiger called Mantacore live on stage. Animal trainer Chris Lawrence was backstage at the time and rushed to save Roy. He tells Vicky Farncombe about the terrifying moment. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Silenced, By The Vatican	20240129	20240130 (WS)	In September 1984, the Brazilian theologian Leonardo Boff was summoned to Rome, facing accusations that his writing and teachings were 'dangerous to the faith'. He is a leading proponent of liberation theology, which says the Church should push for social equality. Leonardo was called to appear before the Roman Catholic Church's highest tribunal. A year later, he was banned from writing, teaching or speaking publicly. Now in his late 80s, he tells Mike Lanchin about that turbulent time. A CTVC production for BBC World Service. (Photo: Leonardo Boff preaching outside a church to followers of Liberation Theology. Credit: Bernard Bisson/Sygma/Getty Images) How Brazilian priest Leonardo Boff was punished for his writing on liberation theology In the 1980s, Brazilian priest Leonardo Boff was punished for his writing on liberation theology. It was deemed 'dangerous to the faith'.
	Sinking Of The Lusitania	20250507	20250508 (WS)	In 1915, the British ocean liner, the Lusitania, was sunk by a German submarine off the Irish coast, as it sailed from New York to Liverpool. Thousands of passengers were onboard and 1,200 people died. The attack helped turn American opinion against Germany. In 2015, Alex Last used BBC archives to tell the story of the sinking ship. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Sinking of the Lusitania. Credit: Universal History Archive/Getty Images) During World War One, the British ocean liner was sunk by a German submarine The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1915, the British ocean liner was sunk by a German submarine off the coast of Ireland. The attack helped turn American opinion against Germany. [LISTEN NOW]
	Sms: The Invention Of Text Messaging	20251229	20251230 (WS)	In October 1984, as the market for mobile phones was just opening up, one man decided it would be useful if the new technology could be used to send and receive short, electronic messages. But colleagues of Friedhelm 'Fred' Hillebrand - an engineer for Germany's Deutsche Telekom - told him the system's 160-character limit for text messages rendered it 'useless'. After spending an evening typing-up birthday, Christmas and fax messages Fred proved them wrong, and within 20 years the SMS or short message service had changed the way we communicate around the world. Fred Hillebrand tells Jacqueline Paine how text messaging very nearly didn't take off until it was discovered by young people. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: News message on a mobile phone display. Credit: Blick/RDB/ullstein bild via Getty Images) The invention of the Short Message Service changed how we communicate around the world The story of our times, told by the people who were there In the mid-1980s a new text messaging system was invented for mobile phones that completely changed the way we communicate. [LISTEN NOW]
	Snake: Popularising Mobile Gaming	20250502	20250503 (WS)	In 1998, the Snake game made its debut on mobile phones. It is known for its simple yet addictive gameplay and played a major role in popularising mobile gaming. Taneli Armanto is the man responsible for bringing it to our phones, but he only got the task because of mistaken identity. He tells Gill Kearsley the story behind the game that made millions of people not want to put down their phones. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. The story of our times, told by the people who were there The hugely addictive game Snake which popularised mobile gaming was first released in 1998. [LISTEN NOW]
	South Africa's First Inter-racial Marriage	20240926	20240927 (WS)	In 1949, inter-racial marriage and relationships were banned by South Africa's apartheid government. In June 1985, the ban was lifted. Suzanne La Clerc and Protas Madlala were the first couple to tie the knot under the new rules. Ashley Burne was speaking to them in 2015. Protas Madlala died in 2023. This was a made in Manchester production for the BBC World Service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The wedding of Protas Madlala and American Susan Leclerc. Credit: PHILIP LITTLETON/AFP via Getty Images) For almost 40 years, marriage between people from different ethnic backgrounds was banned After decades of apartheid, the ban on marriage between people from different ethnic backgrounds was lifted in 1985. The first couple were able to tie the knot. Ashley Byrne was speaking to them in 2015. (Photo: The wedding of Protas Madlala and American Susan Leclerc. Credit: Philip Littleton/AFP/Getty Images) [LISTEN NOW]
	South Africa's Luxury Train	20260102	20260103 (WS)	In 1986, South African businessman Rohan Vos was sitting in the bath when he decided to pursue his passion and launch a vintage railway business. However, the venture nearly bankrupted him, and he was forced to sell his family home. But, improved economic conditions in the 1990s and a chance encounter with a travel agent in London saved the business. Rovos Rail is now regarded as one of the most luxurious trains in the world, and carries passengers all over the southern half of Africa. Rohan Vos looks back on the story with Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Rohan Vos. Credit: David Lefranc/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) In 1986, South African businessman Rohan Vos decided to launch a vintage railway business The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	South Africa's Nuclear Weapons	20241002	20241003 (WS)	In 1989, South Africa became the first, and only country to make and then dismantle nuclear weapons. The project was conducted at Kentron Circle, a secret weapons facility. André Buys was plant manager and systems engineer at Kentron Circle and was involved in making the weapons. He tells Gill Kearsley about his work on this once top-secret project. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: André Buys and his son standing in front of the empty warhead storage vaults at the former Kentron Circle nuclear weapons facility. Credit: André Buys) In 1989, South Africa became the first country to make and then dismantle nuclear weapons South Africa became the first, and only country to make and then dismantle nuclear weapons, in 1989. [LISTEN NOW]
	South Africa's Referendum On Apartheid	20240422	20240423 (WS)	On 18 March 1992, white South Africans overwhelmingly backed a mandate for political reforms to end apartheid and create a power-sharing multi-racial government. It was a high-stakes referendum coming on the back of three by-elections where the ruling National Party had lost to the right wing Conservative party. In a speech after the polling victory, President FW de Klerk said: “Today we have closed the book on apartheid ?. His communications adviser, David Steward speaks to Josephine McDermott. (Photo: President FW de Klerk with news of the referendum win. Credit: AP) The last whites-only vote in South Africa was held in 1992 In 1992 FW de Klerk asked white South Africans to vote yes to continuing negotiations to abolish apartheid and create a new constitution.
	Soweto Uprising: Children Who Marched Against Apartheid	20240423	20240424 (WS)	When South African schoolchildren marched in protest against having to study Afrikaans in 1976, they were gunned down by the police. The killings sparked a cycle of protests across the country against the racist apartheid regime. In 2010, march organiser Bongi Mkhabela told Alan Johnston about her memories of the Soweto uprising. (Photo: Protestors on the march. Credit: Bongani Mnguni/CityPress/Gallo Images/Getty Images) In 1976, an uprising was sparked when demonstrating children were gunned down In 1976, demonstrating black schoolchildren were gunned down in South Africa. The result was the anti-apartheid Soweto uprising.
	Soweto Uprising: The School Children Who Marched Against Apartheid	20240423	20240424 (WS)	When South African schoolchildren marched in protest against having to study Afrikaans in 1976, they were gunned down by the police. The killings sparked a cycle of protests across the country against the racist apartheid regime. In 2010, march organiser Bongi Mkhabela told Alan Johnston about her memories of the Soweto uprising. (Photo: Protestors on the march. Credit: Bongani Mnguni/CityPress/Gallo Images/Getty Images) In 1976, an uprising was sparked when demonstrating children were gunned down In 1976, demonstrating black schoolchildren were gunned down in South Africa. The result was the anti-apartheid Soweto uprising.
	Spain Welcomes Picasso's Guernica	20260402	20260403 (WS)	In 1981 one of the world's most iconic works of art – Guernica - was finally handed to Spain after a 44-year exile. Pablo Picasso had created the huge mural in 1937 followed the bombing of the Basque town of Guernica during the Spanish civil war. And, after being shown in Paris, the painting went on tour in Europe and America, where it was loaned to the Museum of Modern Art in New York. At the time, Picasso swore the painting would never hang in Spain until the country returned to democracy. It wasn't until after the death of the dictator General Francisco Franco that discussions began to transfer the painting to Spain. Ambassador Rafael Fernandez-Quintanilla was one of the negotiators. Jane Wilkinson has been through the BBC archives to find out how Rafael helped end the exile. Additional archive from British Pathe. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Guernica on display in Madrid, 1981. Credit: Gianni Ferrari/Getty Images) In 1981 the iconic painting, Guernica, was finally handed to Spain after a 44-year exile The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1981 the iconic painting, Guernica, was finally handed to Spain after a 44-year exile. Pablo Picasso created the artwork after the town was bombed in the Spanish civil war. [LISTEN NOW]
	Spain's La Tomatina	20240823	20240824 (WS)	Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. In 1945, a fight broke out between two groups of teenage boys during a parade in the Spanish town of Buñol in Valencia. The boys ended up throwing tomatoes at each other. They decided to repeat the deed every year on the anniversary of the first fight, defying disapproving looks from older neighbours and even bans by the city council. Eight decades later, their shenanigans have led to one of Spain's most popular and international festivals, as well as the largest tomato fight in the world: La Tomatina. Thousands of people, some of them from faraway countries, travel to the small town, to toss tomatoes to each other for an hour, and dive into a sea of tomato juice. Goltran Zanon is the only one of those boys who is still alive. He told the story to his daughter Maria Jose Zanon, and Valencian history teacher Enric Cuenca Yxeres. They talk to Stefania Gozzer about Goltran's memories of the first Tomatina. (Photo: Woman is pelted with tomatoes during La Tomatina festival. Credit: Getty Images) In 1945, a spat between teenage boys was the seed for the world's largest tomato fight In 1945, a spat between two groups of teenage boys in the Spanish town of Buñol was the seed for the world's largest tomato fight: the Tomatina. (Photo: Paul on the landing pad. Credit: Melissa Broadbent)
	Spot The Dog	20250818	20250819 (WS)	In 1978, British artist Eric Hill designed an interactive book about a yellow puppy for his two-year-old son, Chris. Eric had noticed Chris kept lifting up the paper he was working on to see what was underneath and it inspired him to come up with a new format for a children's book - lift-the-flap. Since Where's Spot? was published in 1980, more than 65 million copies of Spot books have been sold worldwide, in more than 60 languages. Rachel Naylor speaks to Eric's son, Chris Hill. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Eric Hill with Spot in 1984. Credit: Ted Bath / Daily Express / Hulton Archive / Getty Images) In 1978, British artist Eric Hill designed a book about a puppy for his two-year-old son The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Srebrenica Massacre	20251029	20251030 (WS)	It's 30 years since a massacre of Bosnian Muslims during the war in the former Yugoslavia. The Srebrenica massacre, recognised by the United Nations as a genocide, was the shocking climax of the war in Bosnia. In 2014, Louise Hidalgo talked to Hasan Nuhanović whose father, brother and mother were among the 8,000 Bosnians killed. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Graves of those killed in the Srebrenica massacre. Credit: Pierre Crom/Getty Images) The worst atrocity Europe had seen since World War Two The story of our times, told by the people who were there In July 1995, Bosnian Serb fighters killed thousands of Muslim men and boys. [LISTEN NOW]
	St Teresa Of Avila's Severed Hand	20240411	20240412 (WS)	After winning the Spanish Civil War in 1939, Franco's dictatorship began. During the war, he acquired St Teresa of Avila's severed hand and kept it for spiritual guidance, it was returned when he died in 1975. The hand was initially stolen by General Franco's opposition from a convent in Ronda, but Franco's nationalist soldiers took it for themselves when they won the Battle of Malaga. Sister Jenifer is the Mother Superior of the Church of Our Lady of Mercy, Ronda, where the hand is kept on display for people to see. She tells Johnny I'Anson who St Teresa was, why her hand was cut off, and what made it special. (Photo: Monument of Saint Teresa of Avila, Spain. Credit: digicomphoto/Getty Images) How General Franco kept the hand of St Teresa of Avila for spiritual guidance During the Spanish Civil War, General Franco acquired St Teresa of Avila's severed hand. He relied on it for spiritual guidance until his death.
	Staging Othello In Apartheid South Africa	20250424	20250425 (WS)	In September 1987, Othello was staged at the Market Theatre in Johannesburg during the apartheid regime in South Africa. The Immorality Act, which banned sexual relationships between white people and non-white people, had been repealed in 1985. But the Shakespeare play was controversial, especially the scene where the black actor, John Kani, kissed the white actress playing his wife. The play was directed by South African born actress Dame Janet Suzman, who looks back on the remarkable story. Produced by Jen Dale. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Joanna Weinberg, left, Richard Haines, rear centre, and John Kani, right, performing Othello. Credit: Ruphin Coudyzer/AP) Dame Janet Suzman recalls directing Shakespeare's classic in 1987 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In September 1987, Shakespeare's Othello was staged in Johannesburg, South Africa. It starred black actor, John Kani, who kissed a white actress. [LISTEN NOW]
	Stalin's Great Terror In Georgia	20240702	20240703 (WS)	Between 1937 and 1938, Soviet leader Josef Stalin carried out his most severe purge in Georgia. Known as the Great Terror, thousands of political rivals, intellectuals and ordinary citizens were executed without trial and buried in mass graves. Dan Hardoon speaks to Levan Pesvianidze in Tbilisi, Georgia, whose grandfather Viktor and uncle Giorgi were both executed. (Photo: Russian soviet-leader, Josef Stalin 1940. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images) In the late 1930s, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin carried out his most severe purge Hundreds of thousands of political rivals, intellectuals and ordinary citizens were executed without trial during the Great Terror.
	Stopping Taiwan's Nuclear Weapons Programme	20260102	20260103 (WS)	In January 1988, Dr Gray Chang, a Taiwanese nuclear scientist, helped the US halt Taiwan's nuclear weapons programme. He was the deputy director at the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, which was responsible for secretly developing nuclear weapons. He also says he was a spy for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), who helped him to defect to the US with his family. He speaks to Rachel Naylor. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Dr Gray Chang and his wife Betty in Idaho in 1993. Credit: Gray Chang) In January 1988, the US halted Taiwan's nuclear weapons plans The story of our times, told by the people who were there In January 1988, the US halted Taiwan's nuclear weapons plans, thanks to the testimony of a scientist. [LISTEN NOW]
	Straightening The Leaning Tower Of Pisa	20260406	20260407 (WS)	On 15 December 2001, the Leaning Tower of Pisa reopened to the public after an unprecedented 11-year closure. Famous worldwide for its dramatic lean, the tower also became, during the 1990s, the most closely monitored building on Earth. Engineers and scientists watched anxiously as the tilt worsened year by year, raising the very real possibility that the tower could topple. The lengthy restoration effort — invisible to tourists but watched closely by experts — was a race against time, during which visitors were barred from climbing the tower for over a decade. The complex €27 million stabilization project reduced the tower's tilt by around 17 inches, securing the iconic structure for an estimated 200–300 years. Nunziante Squeglia, professor of geotechnics at the University of Pisa, tells Colm Flynn about the extraordinary moment the tower reopened. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: The Leaning Tower of Pisa. Credit: Martin Ruegner/via Getty Images) In 2001, the Leaning Tower of Pisa reopened to the public after an 11-year closure. The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Strictly Come Dancing	20241125	20241126 (WS)	Television extravaganza Strictly Come Dancing debuted in May 2004 in the UK, bringing ballroom dancing to a whole new generation. Pairing celebrities with professionals, it has gone on to become one of the most successful TV competitions in the world. In several countries, it's called Dancing with the Stars. In 2019, co-creator and executive producer Karen Smith spoke to Ashley Byrne about the bright, shiny and glittery TV success story. A Made in Manchester production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Sir Bruce Forsyth and Tess Daly from Strictly Come Dancing. Credit: BBC) Television extravaganza Strictly Come Dancing debuted in 2004 in the UK Ballroom dancing was brought to a whole new generation in May 2004 with the debut of television extravaganza Strictly Come Dancing in the UK. The TV format has now gone global. [LISTEN NOW]
	Subway Art: The Graffiti Bible	20240701	20240702 (WS)	In 1984, urban photographers Martha Cooper and Henry Chalfant came together to publish an era-defining book about the early graffiti movement. They had been documenting the work of graffiti arts on the subways system of New York for many years. The colourful book was called Subway Art and it quickly became known as the graffiti bible. Forty years on from its release, Martha and Henry explore its enduring legacy with Matt Pintus. (Photo: Marta Cooper and Henry Chalfant pictured at the 25th anniversary event for Subway Art. Credit: Getty Images) In 1984, Henry Chalfant and Martha Cooper released an iconic photography book In 1984, photographers Martha Cooper and Henry Chalfant came together to publish an era-defining book about the early graffiti movement. They speak to Matt Pintus.
	Sukarno: The Founding Father Of Indonesian Independence	20240814		On the morning of 17 August 1945, the Indonesian nationalist leader, Sukarno, read out a statement declaring independence. It was broadcast to the country on radio and it came just two days after Japan's surrender at the end of World War II. The announcement marked the culmination of years of struggle against Dutch colonial rule, which had lasted for over three centuries. Sukarno's youngest daughter, Kartika Soekarno, speaks to Matt Pintus about the journey to independence. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Supermalt: The Malt Drink Created After The Nigerian Civil War	20240216	20240217 (WS)	In 1972, a food supplement used by soldiers during the Nigerian civil war was turned into a popular malt drink by a brewery in the Danish town of Faxe. It was called Supermalt and it became so popular that the Nigerian government decided to ban all imports of malt into the country. Peter Rasmussen created the drink and he has been sharing his memories with Matt Pintus. (Photo: Supermalt. Credit: Royal Unibrew Ltd) In 1972, a Danish brewery created Supermalt
	Surviving An Acid Attack And Changing The Law	20231013	20231014 (WS)	In 2013, India's Supreme Court made a landmark ruling aimed at transforming the lives of acid attack survivors. It followed a campaign led by Laxmi Agarwal, who at the age of 15 was burned by acid thrown over her body. The attack changed Laxmi's life and scarred her face. In 2006, she took legal action demanding a ban on the sale of acid and more help for survivors. But it took seven years of campaigning before the court made a ruling, as Laxmi tells Jane Wilkinson. (Photo: Laxmi Agarwal. Credit: Deepak Gupta/Hindustan Times via Getty Images) In 2013, acid attack survivors in India celebrated a landmark Supreme Court ruling In 2013, acid attack survivors in India celebrated a landmark court ruling. The campaign for tougher laws was led by Laxmi Agarwal, who was scarred with acid at the age of 15.
	Surviving Andes Plane Crash	20241217	20241218 (WS)	When a plane carrying a team of young rugby players crashed into the Andes mountains in 1972, search teams soon gave up hope. But two months later, 16 passengers of Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 emerged alive. The events became known as ‘The Miracle of the Andes' and have previously been told in documentaries and films including Society of the Snow. One horrifying detail continues to fascinate audiences - the starving men were only able to stay alive by eating the bodies of those who died. In 2009, Nando Parrado told Louise Hidalgo about their extraordinary story of survival. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Wreckage of the plane in the Andes. Credit: Bettmann/Contributor) In 1972, 16 people survived for two months in the Andes mountains after a plane crash How 16 young men survived a plane crash and two months in the freezing Andes by eating the remains of their dead friends. [LISTEN NOW]
	Surviving Chile's Tsunami	20250227	20250228 (WS)	In 2010, an 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Chile. It shook the central and southern parts of the country for more than three minutes, causing widespread damage which destroyed buildings, bridges and roads. The earthquake triggered a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean, which travelled 600 kilometres west to the remote island of Juan Fernandez where Alison Campbell and her family were on holiday. Hundreds of people died, and thousands were left injured and homeless. Alison Campbell tells Jane Chambers what it was like when the tsunami struck. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Rescue workers in Juan Fernandez. Credit: JORGE AMENGUAL/AFP via Getty Images). In 2010, an earthquake struck the coast of Chile triggering a tsunami The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2010, an 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Chile. This triggered a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean, which travelled to the remote island of Juan Fernandez. [LISTEN NOW]
	Surviving Re-education In China's Cultural Revolution	20240319	20240320 (WS)	In 1968, Jingyu Li and her parents were among hundreds of thousands of Chinese people sent to labour camps during Mao Zedong's so-called cultural revolution. The aim was to re-educate those not thought to be committed to Chairman's Mao drive to preserve and purify communism in China. Jingyu's parents – both college professors - were put to work among the rice and cattle fields, and made to study the works of Chairman Mao. Fearful for their daughter's safety, they disguised six-year-old Jingyu as a boy. Over the next six years, the family were sent to four different camps. Not everyone could cope, as Jingyu tells Jane Wilkinson. (Photo: Reading Mao's little red book in 1968. Credit: Pictures from History/Getty Images) Thousands of people were sent to re-education camps during China's cultural revolution In 1968, Jingyu Li and her parents were among thousands sent to labour camps during Mao Zedong's cultural revolution. The communist regime said they needed to be 're-educated'.
	Surviving The Fall Of Saigon In 1975	20250429	20250430 (WS)	When South Vietnam fell to communist forces in 1975, most could not escape. In the last days, the United States airlifted its remaining personnel and some high-ranking Vietnamese officials - but millions were left behind to await their fate. In 2021 Alex Last spoke to one South Vietnamese veteran who remained in Saigon as North Vietnamese forces took the city. Dr Tran Xuan Dung served as a doctor in the South Vietnamese Marines. He would spend three years imprisoned in a 're-education' camp before fleeing with his family in 1978. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Captured South Vietnamese soldiers outside the Presidential Palace in Saigon. Credit: ADN-Bildarchiv/ullstein bild via Getty Images) When South Vietnam fell, most people couldn't escape The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1975 South Vietnam fell to North Vietnamese soldiers after the US withdrew support. [LISTEN NOW]
	Surviving The Rwandan Genocide	20240329	20240330 (WS)	April 1994 was the start of the Rwandan genocide, 100 days of slaughter, rape and atrocities. As part of the Tutsi ethnic group, Antoinette Mutabazi's family were a target for the killings. So her father told her to run, leaving her family behind. She was just 11 years old. As a survivor of the genocide, she speaks publicly about reconciliation and forgiveness. She tells Rosie Blunt her story. (Photo: Antoinette as an adult. Credit: HMDT) April 1994 was the start of the Rwandan genocide. One hundred days of atrocities followed April 1994 was the start of the Rwandan genocide. One hundred days of slaughter, rape and other atrocities followed.
	Sweden's Cinnamon Bun Day	20240405	20240406 (WS)	Sweden's most beloved pastry is the cinnamon bun and every year on 4 October, locals celebrate the sweet, spiced snacks. The country's first official Cinnamon Bun Day (or Kanelbullens dag in Swedish) took place in 1999. The woman behind the idea, Kaeth Gardestedt, tells Maddy Savage how the Swedish public embraced the event and turned it into a huge annual tradition. (Photo: Traditional Swedish cinnamon buns. Credit: Natasha Breen/REDA&CO/Universal Images Group/Getty Images) In 1999, a delicious new tradition was born in Sweden's kitchens In 1999, Kaeth Gardestedt came up with the idea for Cinnamon Bun Day and a delicious new tradition was born in Sweden's kitchens.
	Sweden's Diplomatic Freeze With The Usa	20260302	20260303 (WS)	Outraged by the Christmas bombings of Hanoi in 1972 by the USA during the Vietnam War, the Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme made a critical speech. He compared the US's actions to several massacres from history, including the killing of hundreds of thousands of Jews at the Treblinka Concentration Camp by the Nazis. President Richard Nixon and National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger reacted by re-calling their ambassador and refusing to accept the Swedish counterpart. Jan Ellisson was the first person to see the speech in the Swedish embassy in Washington and spent the next 15 months working to re-establish relations. He has been speaking to Tim O'Callaghan. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme, who made the speech about the Hanoi bombings. Credit: Sjöberg Bildbyrå/ullstein bild via Getty Images) In 1972, a speech by the Swedish Prime Minister caused a break-down in relations The story of our times, told by the people who were there Relations between the two nations broke down in 1972, after criticism over the US bombing of Hanoi by the Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme. [LISTEN NOW]
	Sweden's Pioneering Paternity Leave	20240403	20240404 (WS)	Fifty years ago Sweden became the first country in the world to offer paid parental leave that was gender neutral. The state granted mothers and fathers 180 days that they could divide between them however they saw fit. The pioneering policy was designed to promote gender equality, but it wasn't an instant success. Later governments decided to increase the number of leave days available and ring-fenced some specifically for each parent. Maddy Savage went to meet Per Edlund who was one of the first fathers in his town, Katrineholm, to embrace the new benefit. A Bespoken Media production for the BBC World Service. (Photo: Per Edlund with his youngest daughter Märta Edlund. Credit: Maddy Savage) Fifty years ago Sweden introduced gender neutral parental leave 50 years ago Sweden became the first country in the world to offer paid parental leave that was gender neutral. 50 years ago Sweden introduced gender neutral parental leave
	Sweden's Shocking Sugar Experiment	20250516		In the 1940s, some vulnerable Swedish hospital patients were fed large amounts of sugary sweets as part of an experiment to see what it would do to their teeth. Researchers considered the study a success as it led to new recommendations for children to eat sweets just once a week. In the 1990s, the unethical aspects of the experiment emerged when Elin Bommenel became the first researcher to gain access to the original documents from the experiments. Despite her findings, no official apology has been given by the Swedish government. Elin tells Frida Anund about the revelations. A PodLit production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	Sweden's Shocking Sugar Study	20250516	20250517 (WS)	In the 1940s, some vulnerable Swedish hospital patients were fed large amounts of sugary sweets as part of an experiment to see what it would do to their teeth. Researchers considered the study a success as it led to new recommendations for children to eat sweets just once a week. In the 1990s, the unethical aspects of the experiment emerged when Elin Bommenel became the first researcher to gain access to the original documents from the experiments. She tells Frida Anund about the revelations. A Podlit production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	Syria's Secret Library	20260227	20260228 (WS)	During the Syrian civil war, a group of young men in the besieged town of Darayya came together to build a secret library. Braving snipers and bombardment, they rescued thousands of books from bombed-out buildings to rehouse. The library was a symbol of hope for a community fractured by war. Surya Elango speaks to Malik Alrifaii, a young volunteer who helped run the library. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. The building of a secret library in the town of Darayya during the Syrian civil war The story of our times, told by the people who were there How thousands of books were rescued from bombed-out buildings in the besieged town of Darayya during the Syrian civil war. [LISTEN NOW]
	Tamagotchi Is Born	20251225	20251226 (WS)	The Tamagotchi was first released in Japan in 1996 after it was developed by Akihiro Yokoi and his colleagues at his toy development company. Measuring just a few centimetres long, the egg-shaped digital gadget was home to a series of pixelated alien pets. Owners had to feed, clean and play with their pets by pressing three tiny buttons. Looking after your Tamagotchi and seeing them evolve was thrilling for many children and its popularity quickly spread from Japan across the world. Almost 100 million Tamagotchis have been sold in more than 50 countries. Akihiro Yokoi tells Emily Uchida Finch how the hit toy was born, and the impact its prevalence has had on his life and career. A Whistledown production for BBC Witness History. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo:Tamagotchi.Credit:Yves Forestier/Sygma via Getty Images) In 1996, the Tamagotchi was first released in Japan The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Tamagotchi was developed by Akihiro Yokoi and his colleagues at his toy development company in Japan. [LISTEN NOW]
	Tanzania Adopted Swahili To Unite The Country	20231130	20231201 (WS)	After Tanzania, then called Tanganyika, became independent from Britain in 1961, the country's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the national language to unite its people. Walter Bgoya tells Ben Henderson about his conversations with Nyerere and how the policy changed Tanzania. (Photo: Julius Nyerere. Credit: Keystone via Getty Images) Tanzania's leader Julius Nyerere made Swahili the official language in the early 1960s After Tanzania's independence in 1961, the country's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the national language to unite its people. Walter Bgoya recounts how the country changed.
	Tanzania Adopts Swahili To Unite The Country	20231130	20231201 (WS)	After Tanzania, then called Tanganyika, became independent from Britain in 1961, the country's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the national language to unite its people. Walter Bgoya tells Ben Henderson about his conversations with Nyerere and how the policy changed Tanzania. (Photo: Julius Nyerere. Credit: Keystone via Getty Images) Tanzania's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the official language in the early 1960s After Tanzania's independence in 1961, the country's leader, Julius Nyerere, made Swahili the national language to unite its people. Walter Bgoya recounts how the country changed.
	Ten Countries Join The Eu In One Night	20250501	20250502 (WS)	On 1 May 2004, the European Union went through its biggest ever enlargement. 10 countries joined including eight from the former Soviet Union's sphere of influence. For some, it was the moment the Eastern Bloc threw off the shackles of the Cold War and embraced a prosperous future in the EU. For others, it was the moment European countries lost control of their borders, leading to mass migration. Twice Italian Prime Minister, Professor Romano Prodi, was President of the European Commission at the time. He speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: People celebrate the Czech Republic joining the EU. Credit: Sean Gallup via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 1 May 2004, the European Union went through its biggest ever enlargement. Twice Italian Prime Minister, Romano Prodi, was President of the European Commission at the time. [LISTEN NOW]
	Tesla And Edison: Electricity Rivals	20250513	20250514 (WS)	By 1915, the two great rivals, Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison, had brought electricity to the world. It was reported that they were set to share the Nobel Prize for Physics, but it never happened. In 2011, Claire Bowes spoke to Tesla's biographer Mark Seifer and relative William Terbo. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Nikola Tesla in c.1896 and Thomas Edison in 1893. Credit: Bettmann and SSPL/Getty Images) In 1915, two rival electricity pioneers were told they would share a Nobel Prize The story of our times, told by the people who were there The story of Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison's rivalry in the development of electric power. They were put forward as nominees for the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1915. [LISTEN NOW]
	Tetris: The Birth Of An All-time Favourite	20240604	20240605 (WS)	In 1984, Russian engineer Alexey Pajitnov invented the popular computer game Tetris. But it wasn't until American businessman Henk Rogers joined him that the game became an all-time favourite in video game consoles across the world. Chloe Hadjimatheou spoke to both of them about how the idea of the game originated and the challenges of exporting it from the Soviet Union. This programme was first broadcast in 2011. (Photo: Tetris 99. Credit: Getty Images) The game was created by a Russian and marketed by an American during the Cold War In 1984, Russian engineer Alexey Pajitnov invented the popular game Tetris. But it wasn't until American businessman Henk Rogers joined him, that it became an all-time favourite.
	The 1924 Paris Olympics	20240721	20240722 (WS) 20240723 (WS)	The last time Paris held the Olympic Games was 100 years ago in 1924. More than 3,000 athletes from 44 nations took part, of which only 135 were women, in 17 sports. Rachel Naylor goes through the BBC archive for interviews with two British medallists - the sprinter Harold Abrahams and the tennis player Kitty Godfree. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Harold Abrahams winning gold at the Olympics in Paris, in 1924. Credit: Jewish Chronicle / Heritage Images / Getty Images) The last time Paris held the Olympic Games was 100 years ago in 1924. More than 3,000 athletes from 44 nations took part in 17 sports.
	The 1965 Freedom Riders Of Australia	20240802	20240801 20240801 (WS)	A warning for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander listeners - this programme contains the names of people who have died. Nearly 60 years ago, a group of university students set out on a bus to challenge the discrimination of Australia's indigenous people. Led by Sydney University's first indigenous undergraduate, Charles Perkins, they toured north-western New South Wales highlighting the public pools, cinemas, theatres and pubs in country towns where Aboriginal people were excluded or segregated from white people. Darce Cassidy was recording the journey for a radio programme. We hear 19-year-old Brian Aarons demonstrating at a swimming pool in Moree where Aboriginal children were not normally allowed to swim. He and Gary Williams, an indigenous student, recall the Freedom Ride to Josephine McDermott, including the moment when they made the national news by ordering a beer together in a Bowraville pub. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The 1965 Freedom Riders. Brian Aarons and Gary Williams sit fifth and fourth from the right, one row from the back. Credit: Reproduced with permission of Wendy Watson-Ekstein and Ann Curthoys) The students who challenged the discrimination of Australia's indigenous people In 1965 a group of students set out on a Freedom Ride to expose the discrimination of Aboriginal people. It would be one of Australia's most significant civil rights events. (In the picture, Brian Aarons and Gary Williams sit fifth and fourth from the right, one row from the back) (Photo: The 1965 Freedom Riders. Credit: Reproduced with permission of Wendy Watson-Ekstein and Ann Curthoys) In 1965 a group of students set out on a Freedom Ride to expose the discrimination of Aboriginal people. It would be one of Australia's most significant civil rights events.
	The 1968 Mexico City Massacre	20240710	20240711 (WS)	On 2 October 1968, thousands of students protested in Mexico City, 10 days before the Olympics. The students wanted the government to free political prisoners and respect their right to protest. More than 4,000 activists came to the Plaza de las Tres Culturas in the capital's Tlatelolco district that evening. It resulted in Mexican soldiers opening fire on the protesters. The death toll has never been confirmed, a government report from the time put it at 26, while student leaders estimated it at more than 100. In 2011, one of the young protesters, David Huerta, spoke to Julian Miglierini. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Students arrested by police in Tlatelolco on 2 October 1968. Credit: Bettmann / Contributor via Getty Images) The massacre in Mexico City in October 1968, 10 days before the Olympics In October 1968, soldiers opened fire on a demonstration by university students in Tlatelolco Plaza in Mexico City.
	The 1980 Turkey Coup	20231024	20231025 (WS)	On 12 September 1980, the army took control in Turkey. It was not the first time they had done so. It was the third coup d'état in the history of the Republic of Turkey, the previous having been in 1960 and 1971. The coup followed growing street fighting between left and right-wing groups. Politicians were arrested and parliament, political parties and trade unions were dissolved. Following the coup at least 50 people were executed and around half a million were detained. Many were tortured and hundreds died in custody. In 2011 Jonathan Head spoke to Vice Admiral Isik Biren, who was an official in the defence ministry, and a former student activist, Murat Celikkan, about their different memories of that time. (Photo: Portraits of people killed or tortured during the coup displayed in a courthouse in Ankara, the capital of Turkey. Credit: Adem Atlan/ Getty Images) On 12 September 1980, the military took control of Turkey In 1980, fighting between left and right-wing groups led Turkey's military to take control of the country and detain hundreds of thousands of people.
	The 1993 Mad Hijack	20231025	20231026 (WS)	On 25 October1993, a Nigerian Airways flight from Lagos to Abuja was hijacked by four teenagers calling themselves the Movement for the Advancement of Democracy (MAD). They demanded the removal of the military-backed government, who had annulled the results of that year's election. The plane was forced to land in Niger and later stormed after a protracted hostage crisis. Obed Taseobi was a passenger on the flight. He tells his story to Jill Achineku. A Whistledown production for BBC World Service. (Picture: Murtala Muhammed International Airport in Lagos. Credit: Getty Images) In 1993, a Nigerian Airways flight from Lagos to Abuja was hijacked
	The 2010 Kampala Bombings	20240408	20240409 (WS)	In July 2010, two bombs went off at a rugby club in Uganda's capital Kampala. It was where hundreds had gathered to watch the football World Cup final. The attack killed 74 people and injured 85 others. The militant Islamist group al-Shabab staged the attack as revenge for Uganda's efforts to fight it in Somalia. Kuddzu Isaac, who witnessed the explosions, tells George Crafer the graphic details of what he saw. (Photo: The moment after the blasts, survivors look on in shock. AFP/Getty Images) Bombings in Uganda in 2010 killed 74. Many were football fans watching the World Cup A day of enjoyment became a nightmare when bombs detonated at a Ugandan rugby club where fans were watching the football World Cup final.
	The 84-year-old Primary School Pupil	20231010	20231011 (WS)	In 2004, Kimani Maruge became the oldest man to start primary school when he enrolled at the Kapkenduiywo Primary School in Kenya. The 84-year-old student was a former soldier who had fought against colonial rule in the Mau Mau independence movement. He missed out on school as a child so when the Kenyan government scrapped all fees for state primary education, he saw his chance to finally learn to read and write. Kimani's former teacher Jane Obinchu tells Vicky Farncombe how his story inspired people all over the world. (Photo: Kimani Maruge attends class at Kapkenduiywo Primary School in Kenya. Credit: Reuters/Thomas Mukoya) In 2004, Kenyan great grandfather Kimani Maruge became the oldest person to start school How Kimani Maruge became the oldest man to start primary school. The 84-year-old great grandfather studied at the Kapkenduiywo Primary School in Kenya.
	The Acquittal Of Oj Simpson	20251003	20251004 (WS)	It's 30 years since American football star OJ Simpson was acquitted of murdering his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman. Ron Shipp was a close friend of OJ Simpson's and also a police officer, he decided to testify against him in the criminal trial. In 2017, Ron spoke to Rebecca Kesby about why he wanted to testify. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: OJ Simpson at his double murder trial. Credit: VINCE BUCCI/AFP via Getty Images) The American football star was found not guilty of double murder in 1995 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1995, American football star OJ Simpson was acquitted of murdering his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ron Goldman, who were found stabbed to death in Los Angeles. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Aga Khan Meets Florence Nightingale	20260224	20260225 (WS)	In 1898, the British founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale, invited the Muslim leader Aga Khan III around to her London home for tea. They were two of the most famous figures of the 20th century and their discussion was wide-ranging, touching on faith, healthcare and even Queen Victoria. The Aga Khan, Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah, spoke to the BBC about the meeting in 1950. This programme was produced and presented by Rachel Naylor, in collaboration with BBC Archives. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Aga Khan III, June 1924. Credit: MacGregor / Topical Press Agency / Getty Images) In 1898, Florence Nightingale invited the Aga Khan around to her London home for tea The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1898, the founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale, invited the Muslim leader, Aga Khan III, around to her London home for tea. [LISTEN NOW]
	The American Freedom Train	20260101	20260102 (WS)	In April 1975, the American Freedom Train set out on a tour across the United States to celebrate 200 years of American independence. On-board were more than 500 priceless artefacts, documenting important moments in America's history - including an original copy of the Constitution, Thomas Edison's first working light bulb and a NASA lunar rover. Over the next 21 months, seven million people visited the travelling museum as it made its epic journey around 48 states. Jacqueline Paine speaks to former train security guard Lou Nelson, about taking America's history to the people, as the country prepares to celebrate its 250th anniversary. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: People in Archbold, Ohio queue to see the American Freedom Train, June 1975. Credit: AP) In 1975, the train began a 21-month tour of the US celebrating 200 years of independence The story of our times, told by the people who were there In April 1975, the train began a tour of the US to celebrate 200 years of American independence. On board were more than 500 museum pieces documenting America's history. (Photo: Local people in Archbold, Ohio queue to see the American Freedom Train, June 1975. Credit: AP) [LISTEN NOW]
	The Arctic's Doomsday Seed Vault	20240131	20240201 (WS)	In January 2008, seeds began arriving at the world's first global seed vault, buried deep in a mountain on an Arctic island, 1,000km north of the Norwegian coast. The vault was built to ensure the survival of the world's food supply and agricultural history in the event of a global catastrophe. In 2019, Louise Hidalgo spoke to the man whose idea it was, Dr Cary Fowler. (Photo: Journalists and cameramen outside the entrance of the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in 2008. Credit: Hakon Mosvold Larsen/AFP/Getty Images) In 2008, seeds began arriving at a frozen vault designed to save the world's food supply In 2008, a plan to protect the world's food in the event of global catastrophe reached fruition.
	The Assam-tibet Earthquake	20250806	20250807 (WS)	On 15 August 1950, an 8.6 magnitude earthquake shook the Himalaya mountains – wiping out whole villages in Tibet and north east India. The death toll was estimated to be around 4,800. The late British botanist Frank Kingdon-Ward was camping in Tibet with his wife Jean when the ground beneath them began to sag. “I felt as though we were lying on a pie crust against whicha steam hammer was drumming, ? he said. “In another minute it must crack, crumple, and drop us intothe shuddering interior of the earth. “I can't convey to you our terror, bewilderment, sense ofutter helplessness. ? The pair had been planning to go seed hunting in the mountains. Instead, they were stranded with limited rations. In an interview he gave to the BBC in 1951, Frank Kingdon-Ward describes the destruction the quake caused and their perilous journey to safety. This programme is made in collaboration with BBC Archives. It's produced and presnted by Vicky Farncombe. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: A bridge damaged by the 1950 earthquake in Assam, India. Credit: Getty Images) In 1950, an earthquake in the Himalayas devastated parts of Tibet and India The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1950, an earthquake in the Himalayas devastated parts of Tibet and India. The late botanist Frank Kingdon-Ward was camping there with his wife Jean. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Assassination Of King Faisal	20231219	20231220 (WS)	On 25 March 1975, Saudi Arabia's King Faisal was murdered, shot by his nephew as he bent to kiss him as a greeting. The king's oil minister Ahmed Zaki Yamani was standing beside him when the gun went off. In 2017, Ahmed's daughter, Dr Mai Yamani, told Louise Hidalgo of her father's pain at witnessing the death. (Photo: King Faisal in 1967. Credit: Pierre Manevy/Getty Images) In 1975, the king of Saudi Arabia was shot by his nephew In March 1975, King Faisal of Saudi Arabia was shot at point-blank range by his own nephew.
	The Assassination Of Thomas Sankara	20260415	20260416 (WS)	In October 1987, one of Africa's most radical leaders, Captain Thomas Sankara, was gunned down in a coup in Burkina Faso. His overthrow was orchestrated by his old friend, Blaise Compaore. Thomas Sankara's brother, Paul, spoke to Alex Last in 2013. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Thomas Sankara at the international press conference in Paris 1986. Credit: Langevin Jacques via Getty Images) In October 1987, African leader Thomas Sankara was gunned down in a coup The story of our times, told by the people who were there In October 1987, African leader Thomas Sankara was gunned down in a coup orchestrated by an old friend. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Aswan High Dam	20250918		In the early 1960s, Unesco appealed for scientists to go to Egypt to save antiquities that were threatened by the construction of one of the largest dams in the world, the Aswan High Dam on the River Nile. Professor Herman Bell answered that call from the UN. He spoke to Louise Hidalgo in 2020. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
	'the Bad Boy Of Welsh Politics'	20231222	20231223 (WS)	In the 1960s, the singer Dafydd Iwan started campaigning for the Welsh language to gain official status in Wales. For years, Dafydd received little support. In January 1969 he decided to up the pressure, defacing a police station sign written in English with paint. He ended up in prison, but soon young people across the country were picking up paint pots and taking up the cause. Today, the Welsh language is found in schools, on documents and on police station signs. Dafydd tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty about his activism and singing. (Photo: Dafydd after his release from Cardiff prison. Credit: Central Press/Getty Images) In 1969, the singer Dafydd Iwan campaigned for official recognition of the Welsh language In January 1969, the singer Dafydd Iwan defaced an English police station sign in Wales. It was a key moment in his campaign for the official recognition of the Welsh language.
	The Balcombe Street Ira Siege	20251208	20251209 (WS)	In December 1975, four members of one of the IRA's deadliest units were chased by police through the streets of London before hiding out in a small flat owned by a middle-aged couple called John and Sheila Matthews. The resulting six-day siege was covered live on television and radio, and gripped Britain. It ended when Metropolitan Police negotiators persuaded the gunmen to leave the flat peacefully. In 2019, Simon Watts spoke to Steven Moysey who saw the siege unfold. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Police in action on Balcombe Street during the siege. Credit: Evening Standard/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) In December 1975, four IRA gunmen took a couple hostage leading to a six-day siege The story of our times, told by the people who were there In December 1975, a six-day siege took place when four of the IRA's deadliest gunmen took a middle-aged couple hostage in London. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Bali 9 Drug Smuggling Case	20250414	20250415 (WS)	In April 2005, nine young Australians were caught trying to smuggle 8.3kg of heroin out of Indonesia. The Bali Nine, as they became known, faced a maximum sentence of death by firing squad under Indonesia's strict drug laws. Bishop Tim Harris, who formed a close relationship with one of the Bali 9 families, and visited members of the group in prison has been speaking to Dan Hardoon. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Scott Rush of Brisbane and Andrew Chan of Sydney are walked into the Denpasar District Court on October 13, 2005 in Denpasar, Indonesia. Credit:(Photo by Jason Childs/Getty Images) In 2005 nine Australians were caught trying to smuggle heroin out of Indonesia The story of our times, told by the people who were there In April 2005 nine young Australians were caught trying to smuggle more than 8kg of heroin out of Bali, Indonesia. They were sentenced to death by firing squad. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Bali Nine Drug Smuggling Case	20250414	20250415 (WS)	In April 2005, nine young Australians were caught trying to smuggle 8.3kg of heroin out of Indonesia. The Bali Nine, as they became known, faced a maximum sentence of death by firing squad under Indonesia's strict drug laws. Bishop Tim Harris, who formed a close relationship with one of the Bali Nine families, and visited members of the group in prison has been speaking to Dan Hardoon. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Scott Rush of Brisbane and Andrew Chan of Sydney are walked into the Denpasar District Court on October 13, 2005 in Denpasar, Indonesia. Credit:(Photo by Jason Childs/Getty Images) In 2005, nine Australians were caught trying to smuggle heroin out of Indonesia The story of our times, told by the people who were there In April 2005, nine young Australians were caught trying to smuggle more than 8kg of heroin out of Bali, Indonesia. They were sentenced to death by firing squad. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Baltic Chain Protest	20250128	20250129 (WS)	On 23 August 1989, approximately two million people joined hands to form a 690-kilometre human chain across Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. It was a key moment in the protests in Eastern Europe that became known as the Singing Revolution. In 2010, Damien McGuinness spoke to MEP Sandra Kalniete, a Latvian organiser of the event. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Estonian nationalist demonstrators taking part in the protest. Credit: Reuters/Dominique Dudouble) On 23 August 1989, approximately two million people joined hands to form a human chain [LISTEN NOW]
	The Battle Of The Beanfield	20250530	20250531 (WS)	On 1 June 1985, a convoy of New Age Travellers set off for the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge in the south of England. They were planning to hold a festival there for the summer solstice, but they were stopped by police blocking their access to the site. The authorities had heard the travellers were carrying chainsaws and petrol bombs. The police smashed the hippies' vans and tents in what became known as the Battle of the Beanfield. It was a turning point for British alternative culture. Lucy Burns speaks to Helen Hatt who was one of more than 500 people arrested that day. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Battle of the Beanfield. Credit: Getty Images) In 1985, police and hippies clashed at the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge, in England The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1985, police and hippies clashed at the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge. It was a turning point for British alternative culture. [LISTEN NOW]
	'the Battle Of The Beanfield'	20250530	20250531 (WS)	On 1 June 1985, a convoy of New Age Travellers set off for the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge in the south of England. They were planning to hold a festival there for the summer solstice, but they were stopped by police blocking their access to the site. The authorities had heard the travellers were carrying chainsaws and petrol bombs. The police smashed the hippies' vans and tents in what became known as the Battle of the Beanfield. It was a turning point for British alternative culture. Lucy Burns speaks to Helen Hatt who was one of more than 500 people arrested that day. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Battle Of Versailles: A Catwalk Clash Of American And French Fashion	20240209	20240210 (WS)	In 1973, a fashion show was held in France which became known as the Battle of Versailles, a duel between designs from modern America and the capital of couture, Paris. Five American designers, including Oscar de la Renta and Halston, were invited to show their work alongside five of France's biggest names, including Yves Saint Laurent and Hubert de Givenchy. The aim was to raise money to help restore Versailles, a 17th Century palace built by King Louis XIV, but the media billed it as a competition between the two countries. By the end, the Americans were declared the winners. The show also highlighted their industry's racial diversity on an international stage, with 10 women of colour modelling work by US designers. Bethann Hardison, one of the models, talks to Jane Wilkinson about the lasting impact of the astonishing show. (Photo: Bethann Hardison at Versailles in 1973. Credit: Jean-Luce Hure/Bridgeman Images) In 1973 a fashion show was held in France which the media dubbed the Battle of Versailles (Photo: Models on the Versailles catwalk in 1973. Credit: Reginald Gray/WWD/Penske Media via Getty Images)
	The Beginning Of Benidorm	20240619	20240620 (WS)	In the 1950s, the transformation of the sleepy little town of Benidorm began when Pedro Zaragoza was appointed mayor. He started by getting pipes built to allow running water, then went on to pass a decree which allowed women to wear bikinis. Now, every year millions of tourists arrive in Benidorm, on Spain's Costa Blanca. This episode was produced by Simon Watts in 2018, using recordings of Pedro Zaragoza. (Photo: Tourists flock to the beaches in Spain. Credit: David Ramos via Getty Images) How one man grew a sleepy Spanish town into one of the world's biggest holiday resorts When Pedro Zaragoza was appointed mayor of Benidorm in 1950, he set about transforming the little town. Now millions of tourists visit every year.
	The Billion Dollar Bid To Stop Oil Drilling In The Amazon	20231030	20231031 (WS)	In 2010, a $3.6billion fund was launched to stop oil drilling in the most biodiverse place on the planet: the Yasuni national park in Ecuador. The Yasuni covers 10,000 square kilometres of Amazon rainforest and is home to thousands of species of plants and animals but underneath the soil lies another important resource - 20% of Ecuador's oil reserves. It was feared that any drilling would cause pollution, deforestation and soil erosion so in a pioneering deal – known as the Yasuni ITT iniatitive - rich nations were asked to pay Ecuador not to remove the oil. Chief negotiator Ivonne A-Baki was put in charge of raising funds from around the globe but securing money was not an easy task, as she tells Jane Wilkinson. (Photo: A brown woolly monkey in the Yasuni National Park. Credit: Pablo Cozzaglio/AFP via Getty Images) In 2010 a $3.6billion fund began to stop oil drilling in Ecuador's Yasuni national park In 2010 a $3.6bn fund was launched to stop oil drilling in the most biodiverse place on the planet: Ecuador's Yasuni national park. But rich countries needed to provide the money.
	The Bird That Defied Extinction	20231128	20231129 (WS)	In 1969, a Peruvian farmer called Gustavo Del Solar received an unusual assignment - finding a bird called the white-winged guan that had been regarded as extinct for a century. After years of searching, he found the bird deep in Peru's wilderness in 1977. He then made it his life's mission to save the species, setting up a zoo in his family home. Thanks to Gustavo's discovery, the Peruvian government protected the white-winged guan and its population continued to grow. His son, Rafael Del Solar, tells Ben Henderson about his dad's love for the 'chicken-sized' birds. (Photo: Gustavo Del Solar with a white-winged guan. Credit: Rafael Del Solar/El Comercio) In 1977, the white-winged guan was rediscovered in Peru after a century In 1977, Gustavo Del Solar found a long-lost bird species in the Peruvian wilderness, and made it his life mission to save it. His son Rafael remembers the discovery.
	The Birth Of Medecins Sans Frontieres	20250923	20250924 (WS)	In 1971, 13 men sat down in a Paris office to launch what would become one of the world's best known humanitarian organisations: Médecins Sans Frontières, or Doctors without Borders. The men were among hundreds of volunteers responding to an appeal by the French medical journal, Tonus, after a major cyclone devastated East Pakistan. The campaign sparked the idea for the charity. The 13 founders – two journalists and 11 doctors – drew up a charter aiming to provide medical care regardless of race, religion or politics. MSF's first missions included helping victims of a Nicaraguan earthquake and a hurricane in Honduras. And in 1999, the charity won the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of their work. Dr Xavier Emmanuelli, one of the founders, talks to Jane Wilkinson about setting up MSF, and his early humanitarian work. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Doctors from Médecins Sans Frontières in Chad, 1981. Credit: Dominique Faget/AFP via Getty Images) In 1971 the humanitarian group also known as Doctors without Borders was founded in Paris The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1971, 13 men sat down in a Paris office to launch what would become one of the world's best known humanitarian groups: Médecins Sans Frontières or Doctors without Borders. In 1971, the humanitarian group known as Doctors without Borders was founded in Paris [LISTEN NOW]
	The Birth Of Reggaeton	20241213	20241214 (WS)	Singer and DJ, Leonardo Renato Aulder, got together with friends, including El General, to pioneer a movement in the 1980s which they called “reggae in Spanish ?. It later became known as reggaeton. Many people think this globally popular music – with its legendary stars like Bad Bunny, Ivy Queen and Daddy Yankee - started in Puerto Rico, but they're wrong. Renato, as he's known, took dancehall music from Jamaica and adapted it to his Spanish speaking Panamanian audience to create a new style of music, which spread in clubs and on the buses. He tells Jane Chambers how he did it. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Renato performing in Costa Rica. Credit: Leonardo Renato Aulder) In the 1980s, Leonardo Renato Aulder pioneered a movement in Panama with his friends In the 1980s, singer and DJ, Leonardo Renato Aulder took dancehall music from Jamaica and adapted it to his Spanish speaking Panamanian audience to create a new style of music. Singer and DJ Leonardo Renato Aulder got together with his friends, including El General, to pioneer a movement in the 1980s which they called “reggae in Spanish ?. He speaks to Jane Chambers for Witness History. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Birth Of The Excel Spreadsheet	20250930	20251001 (WS)	In September 1985, Microsoft introduced Excel, an electronic spreadsheet program that revolutionised the way we organise and analyse data. With its grid of rows and columns, it allows users to sort information, do calculations, and make charts with ease. Today it is used worldwide. Spreadsheets might have a reputation for being dull, but this story features space tourists, knitting, and crazy competitions. Mike Koss, an American software developer who played a key role in Excel's creation, shares his fascinating story with Gill Kearsley. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Microsoft Excel logo. Credit: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek via Getty Images) In September 1985, Excel, an electronic spreadsheet document was created The story of our times, told by the people who were there Excel was introduced in September 1985. This electronic spreadsheet software revolutionised the way we organise data. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Bluetooth Story	20240404	20240405 (WS)	In the 1990s Bluetooth the technology that is used today to wirelessly connect accessories such as mice, keyboards, speakers and headphones to desktops, laptops and mobile phones was invented in a lab in Lund, Sweden. It's named after Harald Bluetooth, a Viking king who was said to have blue teeth. Sven Mattison one of the brains behind the technology told Gill Kearsley how the name Bluetooth came about following some drinks after a conference. (Photo: A mobile phone with the Bluetooth logo. Credit: Westend61 via Getty images) Bluetooth was invented in the 1990s in Lund, Sweden In the 1990s Bluetooth, the technology that is used today to wirelessly connect accessories to desktops, laptops and mobile phones was invented in a lab in Lund, Sweden.
	The Bolivian Water War	20231116	20231117 (WS)	The Bolivian Water War was a series of protests that took place in the city of Cochabamba in 2000 against the privatisation of water. People objected to the increase in water rates and idea that the government was “leasing the rain ?. In April 2000, President Hugo Banzer declared a 'state of siege' meaning curfews were imposed and protest leaders could be arrested without warrant. During a violent clash between demonstrators and the military, teenager Victor Hugo was shot dead by an army captain. Union official Oscar Olivera tells Vicky Farncombe how Hugo's death motivated the protesters and brought about an end to the privatisation. (Photo: Demonstrators wave the Bolivian flag as they participate in a strike against water utility rate increases. Credit: Reuters) How Bolivians in the city of Cochabamba fought against the leasing of the rain In 2000, a teenage boy was killed in Cochabamba, in Bolivia, during a protest over water rates.
	The Book That Changed Norway's View Of Immigrants	20250820	20250821 (WS)	In 2010, a book came out in Norway that transformed the way people looked at paperless immigrants. The author, a 25-year-old Russian woman, fled North Ossetia as a child with her parents. They were never granted asylum, yet she managed to earn a university degree and eventually had to make a choice: continue living in hiding or face deportation. Her book triggered a government crisis and a change to Norway's immigration regulations. Lars Bevanger speaks to the author, Maria Amelie. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Maria Amelie. Credit: BBC) Maria Amelie's 2010 book triggered a change to Norway's immigration regulations The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Bosphorus Boat Spotter Tracking Russian Military Trucks	20250110	20250111 (WS)	Yörük Işık is a ship spotter who logs all the boats that pass through the narrow Bosphorus Strait near his home in Istanbul, Turkey. In October 2015, he noticed something unusual - Russian military trucks on a civilian ship bound for Syria. The photos he took were the first evidence that Russia was supplying armed forces to support President Bashar al-Assad. It followed months of denial from Moscow that they were planning to engage militarily on the ground in Syria's civil war. Emily Wither speaks to Yörük about how his hobby became a news source. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Ship with Russian military trucks on. Credit: Yörük Işık) In 2015, ship spotter Y\u00f6r\u00fck I\u015f\u0131k saw Russian military trucks on a ship going to Syria In October 2015, Yörük Işık noticed something unusual passing through the narrow Bosphorus Strait in Turkey. Russian military trucks on a civilian ship bound for Syria. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Brains Behind Thunderbirds	20251103	20251104 (WS)	In 1965, a groundbreaking children's show using cutting-edge puppets first blast onto television screens. Thunderbirds was set in 2065 and followed the antics of secret organisation ‘International Rescue' which was manned by Jeff Tracy, his team of five sons and agent Lady Penelope. Set up to save humanity, the characters travelled in futuristic vehicles across land, sea and air from their remote base in Tracy Island. It was created by husband and wife Gerry and Sylvia Anderson, who used supermarionation, a pioneering technique with thin wires which controlled the puppets' movements. Their daughter Dee Anderson speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: A Thunderbird from the TV series. Credit: Hulton Archive/Getty Images) It's 60 years since Thunderbirds first blast onto TV screens The story of our times, told by the people who were there The children's show Thunderbirds was created by husband and wife Gerry and Sylvia Anderson, who used supermarionation, a pioneering puppet technique with thin wires. [LISTEN NOW]
	The British Oil Tanker Sunk In Indonesia	20251020	20251021 (WS)	In 1958, the British oil tanker, SS San Flaviano, was sunk in the harbour of Balikpapan, Indonesia, while a rebellion was underway against President Ahmed Sukarno. It's reported the bomb was dropped by a CIA pilot authorised to aid the rebels, but confirming their involvement has required some investigating. Megan Jones has been looking into it and speaking to Joseph McCorry who was forced to evacuate the ship after seeing the bomb drop. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Joseph McCorry at training school. Credit: Joseph McCorry) In 1958, the British oil tanker, SS San Flaviano was sunk, reportedly by a CIA pilot The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1958, the British oil tanker, SS San Flaviano, was sunk in the harbour of Balikpapan, Indonesia. It's reported the bomb was dropped by a CIA pilot. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Cabbage Patch Kids	20231127	20231128 (WS)	In 1983, all hell broke loose when a new toy hit stores in the United States. The Cabbage Patch Kids were so popular that people were getting injured when they tried to buy them. But Martha Nelson Thomas, whose original design she said inspired the dolls, received little credit. She watched on as sales of the toys generated hundreds of millions of dollars. Martha's close friend, Meredith Ludwig, told Madeleine Drury the story of how the strange-looking dolls became such a sensation. (Photo: Martha with her doll babies. Credit: Guy Mendes) Over Christmas 1983, frenzied shoppers bought three million Cabbage Patch Kids In the 1980s, the Cabbage Patch Kids became a worldwide sensation. They were also the subject of a legal battle.
	The Calais 'jungle' Migrant Camp	20250303	20250304 (WS)	In 2015, Europe was in the grip of a migrant crisis, as more than one million people fled regions including the Middle East. Many set their sights on a new life in the UK. But, in order to get there, they had to cross the English Channel. One of the most common methods was to hide aboard vehicles destined for Britain at the French port city of Calais. This led to the creation of a squalid migrant camp outside Calais, known as the 'Jungle'. It was populated by seven to ten thousand people at its largest. Jean-Marc Puissesseau was head of the Port of Calais during the crisis. He speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Chris Patten hands over flag during Honk Kong handover ceremony. Credit: Guillaume Pinon/NurPhoto via Getty Images) In 2015, thousands of migrants lived in a squalid camp in France known as the 'Jungle'. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2015, thousands of migrants lived in a squalid camp in the French city of Calais. It was known as as the 'Jungle'. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Capitol Crawl	20250312	20250313 (WS)	By the beginning of 1990, the United States Congress stalled on passing the Americans with Disabilities Act, a piece of legislation aimed at prohibiting discrimination against people with disabilities. Frustrated by the government's inaction, more than 1,000 disability activists showed up in Washington DC to protest on 12 March that year. When the group reached the Capitol Building's stairs, hundreds of activists pulled themselves out of their wheelchairs and began to crawl up in a dramatic and symbolic protest. Stephanie Wolf talks to Anita Cameron who participated in the historic action. Co-produced by Rebekah Romberg. A Written in Air production. Archive recordings courtesy of Linda Litowsky. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Wheelchair users crawling up the steps of the US Capitol building in March 1990. Credit: Tom Olin Collection, University of Toledo Libraries) On 12 March 1990, hundreds of wheelchair users crawled up the steps of the US Capitol The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1990, more than 1,000 disability activists came to Washington DC. When the group reached the US Capitol building's stairs, hundreds of wheelchair users crawled up in protest. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Carnation Revolution In Portugal	20240306	20240307 (WS)	25 April is Freedom Day in Portugal. Five decades ago on that date, flowers filled the streets of the capital Lisbon as a dictatorship was overthrown. Europe's longest-surviving authoritarian regime was toppled in a day, with barely a drop of blood spilled. In 2010, Adelino Gomes told Louise Hidalgo what he witnessed of the Carnation Revolution. (Photo: A young boy hugs a soldier in the street. Credit: Jean-Claude Francolon/Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images) In 1974, a 41-year regime was overthrown in a day Flowers filled the barrels of guns on 25 April 1974, as Portugal's Carnation Revolution toppled a dictatorship.
	The 'catastrophe' For Palestinians	20240513		In 1948, tens of thousands of Palestinians were forcibly expelled from their homes in the Middle East. The period after World War Two in the region was tense, at times violent and politically complex. For Israeli Jews it was a chance to build their own nation after the genocide of the Holocaust. But for Arab Palestinian Muslims and Christians it was a time of loss. Many were intimidated by the violence and changing demographics. Rebecca Kesby speaks to Hasan Hammami who was 15-years-old when his family was forced out off Palestine. The interview was recorded before the Hamas attacks on 7 October 2023 and subsequent Israeli military operation.
	The Celebrity Murder Case That Divided France	20240819	20240820 (WS)	In 2003, the French rock star Bertrand Cantat murdered his actress girlfriend, Marie Trintignant. The attack happened in Lithuania where Marie had been shooting a film. Cantat was sentenced to eight years, but was released after just four and returned to music. Journalist Michelle Fines tells Vicky Farncombe how the case divided opinion in France with some calling it a brutal murder, others a crime of passion. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Marie Trintignant. Credit: Getty Images) French actress Marie Trintignant was killed by the rock star Bertrand Cantat in 2003. In 2003, the murder of French actress Marie Trintignant by her rock star boyfriend, Bertrand Cantat, exposed outdated attitudes to domestic violence.
	The Challenger Space Shuttle Tragedy	20260122	20260123 (WS)	On 28 January 1986, a space shuttle launch went wrong. Six astronauts and a teacher were killed. In 1984, US President Ronald Reagan had announced that Nasa would search for a member of the public to accompany experienced astronauts on the space shuttle Challenger. Barbara Morgan was chosen as her backup and had trained alongside the Challenger team. She watched as the shuttle was destroyed a little more than a minute after take-off. In 2012, Barbara Morgan spoke to Chloe Hadjimatheou. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Launch of Space Shuttle Challenger from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Credit: Oxford Science Archive/Print Collector/Getty Images) In January 1986, the launch of space shuttle Challenger ended in tragedy The story of our times, told by the people who were there In January 1986, six astronauts and a teacher were killed shortly after the launch of space shuttle Challenger. Colleague Barbara Morgan recalled the tragedy in 2012. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Channel Tunnel Breakthrough	20240503	20240504 (WS)	Thirty years on from the opening of the Channel Tunnel between Britain and France, we look at the moment the two halves of the tunnel were connected in 1990. Graham Fagg was the man who made the breakthrough, and the first person to cross by land between the two countries in 8,000 years. In 2010, he told Lucy Williamson about the festivities of that day. (Photo: The moment of breakthrough Graham Fagg greets Frenchman Philippe Cozette. Credit: AFP/Getty Images) In 1990, the Channel Tunnel between Britain and France was connected The first man to cross by land from Britain to France in 8,000 years reveals what it was like. In 1990, Graham Fagg made the breakthrough.
	The Chindits	20250903	20250904 (WS)	During World War Two an unconventional special force was formed. Known as the Chindits, they fought behind enemy lines in Burma, now Myanmar during 1943 and 1944 in the war against Japan. Their leader was the charismatic Orde Wingate, a British Army officer. This programme is made in collaboration with BBC Archives. It contains outdated and offensive language. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The Chindits in 1944. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images) The Chindits, an unconventional special force was formed during World War Two The story of our times, told by the people who were there During World War Two an unconventional special force was formed, they were known as the Chindits. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Clean-up Of Chernobyl	20260423	20260424 (WS)	The disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, in Ukraine, on 26 April 1986, was the world's worst nuclear accident. The explosion in reactor four caused radioactive parts to be spread over the nearby area. Hundreds of thousands of people were involved in the decontamination efforts, including soldiers and workers at the power station. They were known as the liquidators. Some even had to run out onto the roof of the reactors to clear debris which had been scattered from the radioactive core. Yurіy Skaletskyy was a radiological officer in the Soviet Navy. He monitored the radiation exposure faced by the liquidators and tells Tim O'Callaghan how workers improvised their own protective gear using sheets of lead foil. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: The liquidators on the roof of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Credit: Sergei Supinsky/AFP via Getty Images) The story of the clean-up at the world's worst nuclear accident in Ukraine in April 1986 The story of our times, told by the people who were there When there was an explosion in reactor four at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine in April 1986, a huge clean-up project began. [LISTEN NOW]
	The 'comfort Women' Of World War Two	20240320	20240321 (WS)	Between 1932 and 1945, hundreds of thousands of women and girls across Asia were forced into sexual slavery by the Imperial Japanese Army. Referred to as 'comfort women', they were taken from countries including Korea, China, Taiwan, the Philippines and Indonesia to be raped by Japanese soldiers. Today, the issue remains a source of tension between Japan and its neighbours, with continuing campaigns to compensate the few surviving victims. Dan Hardoon speaks to Chinese survivor Peng Zhuying who, along with her elder sister, was captured and taken to a 'comfort station' in central China. This programme contains disturbing content. (Photo: People visit a museum dedicated to the victims, on the site of a former comfort station in China. Credit: Yang Bo/China News Service/VCG/Getty Images) Hundreds of thousands of Asian women were forced into sex slavery in the 1930s and 1940s Between 1932 and 1945, hundreds of thousands of Asian women and girls were forced into sexual slavery by the Imperial Japanese Army.
	The Commercial That Changed Advertising: 1984	20240531	20240601 (WS)	Forty years ago, a Hollywood director, some tech revolutionaries and a group of London skinheads created a commercial that would rock the advertising world. Based on George Orwell's dystopic novel ‘1984', and launched in the same year, the ad was like nothing that had been seen before. But its road to being shown was rocky, and the beleaguered advert almost never made it air. Mike Murray was Apple marketing manager at the time, he speaks to Molly Pipe. (Photo: Steve Jobs in a room of computers in 1984. Credit: Michael L Abramson/Getty Images) Forty years ago, a revolutionary advert played at America's Super Bowl
	The Cradock Four Killings	20250929	20250930 (WS)	On 27 June 1985, four anti-apartheid activists from the rural town of Cradock in South Africa's Eastern Cape were abducted at a roadblock. Their bodies were later found mutilated and burnt. Known as the Cradock Four, their murders became one of the most notorious cases of apartheid brutality. Fort Calata's son, Lukhanyo, was just three years old when his father was killed. He tells Dan Hardoon about his family's ongoing fight for justice. This programme contains graphic descriptions of violence. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Mourners at the funeral of the Cradock four. Credit: Gideon Mendel/AFP via Getty Images) In June 1985, four anti-apartheid activists from Cradock in South Africa were murdered The story of our times, told by the people who were there Forty years ago, four men who campaigned against apartheid in South Africa were abducted, mutiliated and burnt. Lukhanyo Calata's father Fort was among them. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Creation Of Greenwich Mean Time	20241028	20241029 (WS)	In 1676, Astronomer Royal John Flamsteed was looking to find a way to determine longitude at sea, so ships could know their position and hazards. Feuds with Sir Isaac Newton, dirty rivers and a missing key are just some of the obstacles he contended with and overcame. His labours ultimately paved the way to Greenwich Mean Time. Emily Akkermans, Curator of Time at Royal Museums Greenwich, and Keith Moore from the Royal Society of London, speak to Allis Moss. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Picture: Greenwich Royal Observatory, London. Credit: Peter Thompson/Heritage Images/Getty Images) Experiments by John Flamsteed in the 17th Century led to the time zone being created England's first Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed, conducted experiments in London in the 17th Century. It led to the creation of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). [LISTEN NOW]
	The Creation Of Miffy	20251105	20251106 (WS)	It's 70 years since Miffy was created. The little rabbit with two dots for eyes and an X for a mouth went on to feature in 32 books translated into more than 50 languages. The Dutch author and illustrator Dick Bruna reveals in his own words from the BBC archive that in the beginning, his black outlined illustrations with bold colours were controversial with parents. But children loved them. Miffy, or Nijntje as she's known in the Netherlands, went on to star in several TV series and a feature film. Dick Bruna died in 2017 aged 89. Today, more than $300 million is spent on Miffy merchandise globally each year. Produced and presented by Josephine McDermott. Dick Bruna reads from Miffy Goes Flying with permission from Mercis Publishing bv. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Picture: Miffy soft toys for sale at the Dick Bruna House Museum. Credit: Martin Godwin/Getty Images) The children's book character Miffy was created by Dick Bruna in 1955 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In his own words from the BBC archive, Dick Bruna describes how he came to create one of the world's most recognisable rabbits in the Dutch city of Utrecht in 1955. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Creation Of My Little Pony	20260413	20260414 (WS)	My Little Pony first appeared in shops in the United States in 1983 and in that decade alone more than 100 million would be sold. But American toymaker Bonnie Zacharle tells Josephine McDermott how her idea to make a pony you could play with like a doll was turned down several times. She reveals the toys she liked to play with as a child living in Japan, how she updated Mr Potato Head and how her pony design first hit the market as a much bigger, harder model called My Pretty Pony. She says she told her friend in toy marketing to get out of her office when she first suggested the ponies should come in pastel pinks and purples instead of realistic dun, black and grey colours. But she concedes that market testing showed it was what the customer wanted and she's very proud of what she's achieved. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: The original prototype of My Little Pony. Credit: Bonnie Zacharle) In 1983, American toymaker Bonnie Zacharle's pony design hit the market The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1983, American toymaker Bonnie Zacharle's pony design hit the market. My Little Pony sold more than 100 million in that decade alone. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Creation Of The International Criminal Court	20250825	20250826 (WS)	In 1998, at a conference organised by the United Nations, a blueprint was devised for what would be the world's first permanent International Criminal Court. Judge Phillipe Kirsch chaired the Rome conference that led to the formation of the court. He tells Gill Kearsley about the negotiations, which he describes as the most difficult professional thing he ever did. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: International Criminal Court. Credit: Nicolas Economou/NurPhoto via Getty Images) The world's first permanent International Criminal Court was created in 1998 The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Creation Of The Modern Kitchen	20260113	20260114 (WS)	In 1926, Austrian architect Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky created the modern kitchen. It was called the Frankfurt Kitchen and was something she didn't like to talk about as she had done so much more - she was her country's first female architect, she championed women's rights and played a role in the Austrian Communist resistance against the Nazi regime. She once said, “If I had known that everyone would keep talking about nothing else, I would never have built that damned kitchen! Christine Zwingl, an architect and expert on Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, tells Gill Kearsley about Margarete's remarkable creation. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The Frankfurt Kitchen in 1926. Credit: ullstein bild via Getty Images) The modern kitchen was created by an Austrian architect in 1926 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1926, Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, an Austrian architect, created the modern kitchen in Frankfurt. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Creation Of The State Of Israel	20240514	20240515 (WS)	On 14 May 1948, the state of Israel was proclaimed. Tears and applause met the declaration, witnessed by 200 dignitaries, but fighting intensified in the days that followed. In 2010, Arieh Handler and Zipporah Porath spoke to Lucy Williamson about that day and its fallout. (Photo: Young Jewish people celebrate the new state. Credit: AFP/Getty Images) In 1948, the state of Israel was declared On 14 May 1948, 200 dignitaries gathered to witness the establishment of the state of Israel. Zionist leader Arieh Handler was among them.
	The Creation Of Youtube	20250422	20250423 (WS)	An 18-second clip of a young man standing in front of an elephant enclosure at San Diego Zoo in California, describing their “really long trunks ? was the first video to be posted onto YouTube in April 2005. It was uploaded by co-founder Jawed Karim, who with friends Chad Hurley and Steve Chen, cooked up the idea for the video-sharing service while working together at PayPal. Twenty years later, it is now available in 100 countries and has almost three billion users around the world. Produced and presented by Reena Stanton-Sharma using archive interviews. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: YouTube web page. Credit: Samantha Sin/AFP via Getty Images) In April 2005, the first video was posted onto YouTube The story of our times, told by the people who were there The first video to be posted onto YouTube in April 2005, was of a young man standing in front of an elephant enclosure at San Diego Zoo in California. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Cu Chi Tunnels Of The Vietnam War	20250430	20250501 (WS)	During the Vietnam War, North Vietnamese VietCong guerrillas built a vast network of tunnels in the south of the country as part of the insurgency against the South Vietnamese government and their American allies. The tunnel network was a key base and shelter for the North Vietnamese army in their victory in the war in 1975. In 2017 Alex Last spoke to Le Van Lang, a Viet Cong veteran who helped construct the tunnels in the Cu Chi District, which is 20km north of Saigon (now Ho Chi Minh City). Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A former VietCong soldier in the tunnels in 1978. Credit: Jean-Claude LABBE/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) The story of North Vietnam's underground tunnel network in South Vietnam The story of our times, told by the people who were there During the Vietnam War, North Vietnamese soldiers created a vast tunnel network in the south. [LISTEN NOW]
	The 'cyprus Emergency'	20260319	20260320 (WS)	Between 1955 and 1959, a Greek-Cypriot paramilitary group called EOKA rebelled against British colonial rule in Cyprus. In response, the British authorities declared a state of emergency. A young Cypriot lawyer named Renos Lyssiotis joined EOKA. He was interrogated and imprisoned by the British authorities for nearly two years. He looks back on the period with Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Camp Kokkinotrimithia in Cyprus where the British imprisoned suspected EOKA fighters, 1956. Credit: Jack Esten/Getty Images) In 1955, a paramilitary group called EOKA rebelled against British colonial rule The story of our times, told by the people who were there Between 1955 and 1959, a Greek-Cypriot paramilitary group called EOKA rebelled against British colonial rule. In response, the British authorities declared a state of emergency. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Czech Freedom Train	20250624	20250625 (WS)	On 11 September 1951, the 9.55am train from Prague to Aš, in Communist Czechoslovakia was hijacked and driven to freedom in West Germany. 111 people were on board and 34 of them never returned, starting new lives on the other side of the Iron Curtain. The remaining 77 returned to Czechoslovakia to face state security, the Státní bezpeĀ?nost, and many were jailed. Rachel Naylor uses an archive interview with Karel Ruml, one of the hijackers, who went on to move to the USA. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A steam train in Czechoslovakia in 1960. Credit: Alamy) On 11 September 1951, a Czech train was hijacked and driven into West Germany The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 11 September 1951, a train in Communist Czechoslovakia was hijacked and driven to freedom in West Germany. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Day Celia Cruz Returned To Cuba	20240709	20240710 (WS)	In January 1990, Cuban singer Celia Cruz, known as ‘the Queen of salsa', went back to Cuba. Banned by Fidel Castro for opposing his regime, it was the only time in her 43 years of exile that she was able to visit the island. She was invited to sing in the US naval base on Guantanamo Bay. The trip only lasted a day and a half, but it was full of touching moments and symbolisms. Omer Pardillo Cid, Celia's manager and close friend, tells Stefania Gozzer about the mark this visit left in the singer. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Celia Cruz holds a Cuban flag as she performs during the 'Combinacion Perfecta' concert at Madison Square Garden, New York City, 1993. Credit: Getty Images) Cuban salsa singer Celia Cruz went back to the island once in 43 years of exile Cuban singer Celia Cruz, known as 'the Queen of salsa', lived in exile for 43 years. Banned from going back to her country by Fidel Castro, she visited the island once in 1990.
	The Deadly Vargas Mudslides In Venezuela	20260115	20260116 (WS)	In December 1999, torrential rain in Venezuela led to floods and mudslides. Government estimates put the number killed at 3,000 but other reports suggest between 10,000 and 30,000 were killed. Many bodies were buried under mud, rocks or trees. Tens of thousands more people were made homeless. The state of Vargas, known as La Guaira, was one of the worst areas affected. Leydys Crespo speaks to Jen Dale about her experience. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In December 1999, torrential rain in Venezuela led to deadly floods and mudslides The story of our times, told by the people who were there In December 1999, torrential rain in Venezuela led to floods and mudslides killing thousands of people. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Death Of Adolf Hitler	20250425		On 30 April 1945 Adolf Hitler killed himself in a bunker in the German capital Berlin as Soviet Red Army soldiers closed in. But first he married his lover Eva Braun, and dictated his will. In 1989, Traudl Junge, one of Hitler's secretaries who was in the bunker when he died, shared her testimony with Zina Rohan. This episode was first broadcast in 2013. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Death Of Franco	20251119	20251120 (WS)	General Francisco Franco died in November 1975, ending 36 years of dictatorship over Spain. The general had been in power since 1939 after winning the country's bloody civil war, and his death followed a long illness. He was mourned by conservative Spaniards but those on the left celebrated, calling him a fascist who had once been an ally of Hitler and Mussolini. In 2015, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Jose Antonio Martinez Soler, a young journalist about the ending of an era. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: General Francisco Franco lies in state in Madrid, 1975. Credit: Central Press/Getty Images) In 1975, General Francisco Franco died, ending 36 years of dictatorship over Spain The story of our times, told by the people who were there General Francisco Franco died in 1975 ending 36 years of dictatorship over Spain. He was mourned by conservative Spaniards but those on the left celebrated, calling him a fascist. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Deepest Manmade Hole In The World	20241128	20241129 (WS)	In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Russia, managed to dig a hole more than 12,000 metres deep. It was called the Kola Superdeep Borehole. They wanted achieve a world record and learn more about the Earth's crust. Rachel Naylor speaks to Prof David Smythe, a geophysicist who worked there for four months. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The site of the Kola Superdeep Borehole in the 1990s. Credit: David Smythe) In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Russia managed to dig a 12,000-metre deep hole In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Kola, in Russia, managed to dig a hole that was more than 12,000 metres deep. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Deepest Man-made Hole In The World	20241128	20241129 (WS)	In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Russia managed to dig a hole more than 12,000 metres deep. It was called the Kola Superdeep Borehole. They wanted to achieve a world record and learn more about the Earth's crust. Rachel Naylor speaks to Prof David Smythe, a geophysicist who worked there for four months. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The site of the Kola Superdeep Borehole in the 1990s. Credit: David Smythe) In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Russia managed to dig a 12,000-metre deep hole In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists in Kola, in Russia, managed to dig a hole that was more than 12,000 metres deep. [LISTEN NOW]
	'the Disappeared' Of Argentina	20231207	20231208 (WS)	Between 1976 and 1983 in Argentina, the military ruled the country. Thousands of mainly young, left-wing Argentinians went missing. Known as 'the disappeared', they were taken to detention centres, such as Escuela Superior de Mecanica de la Armada, known as ESMA in the capital, Buenos Aires. Around 5,000 prisoners passed through its gates. Most were killed. As well as the murders and torture, hundreds of babies were taken from pregnant prisoners and given away to military personnel and families who supported the government. In December 1983 the Argentinian president Raul Alfonsin signed a decree putting the military junta responsible on trial. In 2010, Candice Piete spoke to one of the survivors, Miriam Lewin. (Photo: ESMA. Credit: Reuters) In 1977 a woman became one of thousands who disappeared from the streets of Buenos Aires Thousands of Argentinians were captured, tortured and murdered in large detention centres during a military dictatorship that lasted for seven years.
	The Discovery Of Nerve Growth Factor	20260209	20260210 (WS)	During World War Two, Italian scientist Dr Rita Levi-Montalcini was forced to do experiments in her bedroom after being banned from universities because she was Jewish. Her experiments in that bedroom laboratory on chicken embryos led to the discovery of nerve cell death. Whilst working in the United States after the war, she worked out that a protein factor was required for the growth of our nerves. A discovery which won her the Nobel Prize in physiology in 1986. Her work improved our understanding of the nervous system and has allowed scientists to potentially battle degenerative diseases such as dementia. Produced and presented by Tim O'Callaghan, using archive interviews from the Nobel Prize Institute, the Society for Neuroscience and the BBC Archives. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Dr Rita Levi-Montalcini in 1950. Mondadori via Getty Images) In 1952, Italian scientist Dr Rita Levi-Montalcini made a crucial discovery The story of our times, told by the people who were there How the Italian scientist Dr Rita Levi-Montalcini made a crucial discovery in the field of neuroscience in 1952. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Discovery Of New Zealand's First Dinosaur	20240919	20240920 (WS)	Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. On 2 December 1972, Joan Wiffen, her husband, son and daughter started a camping trip. But it was far from ordinary. They were obsessed fossil-hunters and they were deep in the largest rainforest of New Zealand's north island at a spot by a river described casually in an old geological map as having “Saurian ? bones. For Joan, as she started to search for remains, it was “like opening up the Christmas stocking'. At the time, scientists believed dinosaurs had not inhabited New Zealand. With the help of archive audio, Joan's son Chris Wiffen describes how his mother, who left school at 12 and had no qualifications, would meticulously search the rainforest site and go on to find the tailbone of a theropod dinosaur – turning scientific beliefs on their head. He describes to Josephine McDermott how his mother devised her own DIY palaeontology lab in their garage and he would visit from university to find her surrounded by acid baths where the rocks she excavated would yield their fossils. “They had visitors from world-renowned palaeontologists and they'd say ‘Oh my gosh. Look at this. Unbelievable'. And it was. ? Archival audio in this broadcast was from the Radio New Zealand collection at NgĀ? Taonga Sound & Vision. (Photo: Joan Wiffen. Credit: Courtesy of NZME/Hawkes Bay Today) The discovery of New Zealand's first dinosaur by Joan Wiffen Joan Wiffen, who described herself as a 'rank amateur Hawkes Bay housewife' turned the scientific world on its head when she discovered that dinosaurs had existed in New Zealand. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Discovery Of The Coelacanth	20251210	20251211 (WS)	In 1938, South African museum curator Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer discovered a coelacanth, a fish that was believed to have been extinct for 65 million years. It is thought to be our ancestor and the missing link between how fish evolved into four-legged amphibians. Produced and presented by Rachel Naylor in collaboration with BBC Archives. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In 1938, a fish was found that was believed to have been extinct for 65 million years The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1938, South African museum curator Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer discovered a fish that was believed to have been extinct for 65 million years. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Discovery Of The First Exoplanets	20250605	20250606 (WS)	On 9 January 1992, astronomers Alex Wolszczan and Dale Frail announced they had discovered the first two exoplanets, or planets outside our solar system, while working at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico. The two planets orbit a pulsar, a neutron star, 2,300 light-years away, in the constellation Virgo. We now know of the existence of nearly 6,000 exoplanets, but Poltergeist and Phobetor were the first to be confirmed. Rachel Naylor speaks to Alex Wolszczan. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: . Credit: ) In 1992, astronomer Alex Wolszczan discovered the first planets outside our solar system The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 9 January 1992, astronomers Alex Wolszczan and Dale Frail announced they had discovered the first two planets outside our solar system. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Discovery Of The Hiv Virus	20231031	20231101 (WS)	In 1983, scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris became the first to identify the HIV virus. It was a vital step in fighting one of the worst epidemics in modern history, AIDS. The Pasteur had been asked to investigate after reports of a mystery disease that was spreading rapidly, particularly among the gay community. Two weeks later, scientist Françoise Barré-Sinoussi detected the virus while working on a biopsy sample in the laboratory. She and the team leader, Luc Montagnier were later awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine. But the discovery could easily have been missed, as she tells Jane Wilkinson. (Photo: French virologists Jean-Claude Chermann, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier. Credit: Michel Philippot/Sygma/Sygma via Getty Images) In 1983, scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris first discovered the HIV virus In 1983, scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris first identified the HIV virus. It was a vital step in fighting one of the worst epidemics in modern history, AIDS.
	The Discovery Of The Lord Of Sipan In Peru	20240229	20240301 (WS)	In 1987, Peruvian archaeologist Walter Alva received a call from the police urging him to look at ancient artefacts confiscated from looters. The seized objects were so precious that Walter decided to set up camp in Sipan, the site where they were found. There, he dug and researched what turned out to be the richest tomb found intact in the Americas: the resting place of an ancient ruler, the Lord of Sipan. Walter tells Stefania Gozzer about the challenges and threats he and his team faced to preserve the grave. The music from this programme was composed by Daniel Hernández Díaz and performed by Jarana & Son. (Photo: Walter beside the discovery. Credit: Walter Alva) In 1987, the looting of an ancient pyramid led to an extraordinary golden discovery The looting of a Peruvian pyramid in 1987 led to an extraordinary discovery. It was the first and richest royal tomb found intact in South America.
	The Discovery Of The Terra Nova Shipwreck	20260331	20260401 (WS)	In 2012, a team of researchers discovered one of the most famous polar shipwrecks - the Terra Nova. The ship was famous for carrying Britain's doomed explorers in their race to reach the South Pole more than a century ago. It was later sunk - laying unseen on the seabed for decades. Oceanographer Leighton Rolley tells Megan Jones how he and the rest of his crew used sound waves to find the hidden wreck. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: The SS Terra Nova, Antarctica 1912. Credit: Royal Geographical Society/Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2012, a team of researchers discovered one of the most famous polar shipwrecks. The Terra Nova had sunk almost 70 years earlier. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Discovery That Led To Covid Vaccines	20241203	20241204 (WS)	Dr Katalin Karikó grew up in a small town in Hungary with no electricity or running water at home. She overcame great adversity to become a scientist and publish a groundbreaking paper in 2005 showing how the mRNA molecule could be used to protect the human immune system from viruses. But, her findings were initially overlooked and she even lost her job after failing to attract funding. However, she persisted with her research, which laid the scientific groundwork for mRNA vaccines that saved countless lives during the Covid pandemic. She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2023. She speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Dr Katalin Karikó. Credit: Janos Kummer/Getty Images) In 2005, Dr Katalin Karik\u00f3 published research that eventually won her the Nobel Prize In 2005, Dr Katalin Karikó published research into the mRNA molecule. It laid the groundwork for Covid vaccines that saved countless lives and won her the Nobel Prize in 2023. Dr Katalin Karik\u00f3's research saved countless lives and won her the Nobel Prize Dr Katalin Karikó's research into the mRNA molecule was initially ignored. But, it laid the groundwork for Covid vaccines that saved countless lives and won her the Nobel Prize. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Discovery That Led To Weight Loss Injections And Treatments For Diabetes	20251023	20251024 (WS)	In the 1980s, scientists made a discovery that would eventually lead to the development of drugs now used worldwide to treat diabetes and to help people manage obesity through weight loss injections. One of the key scientists behind this breakthrough was Svetlana Mojsov. She discovered that a hormone called GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) plays an important role in how our bodies respond to food. Svetlana's work laid the foundation for a drug company to develop treatments based on GLP-1 — first for type 2 diabetes, and later for weight loss. She tells Gill Kearsley her story. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Injection pens. Credit: Carsten Snejbjerg/Bloomberg via Getty Images) In the 1980s, a scientific breakthrough paved the way for new treatments The story of our times, told by the people who were there Scientists in the 1980s made a discovery that would one day lead to drugs now used around the world to treat diabetes and help people lose weight. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Disputed History Of Pad Thai	20231228		It's one of the most popular dishes in South East Asian cooking and for many it's seen as Thailand's national dish. However, the origins of pad Thai are disputed. Some believe it was created and taken to the country centuries ago by Chinese immigrants. Others believe it was invented during the rule of military dictator, Plaek Phibunsongkhram, as a way of cementing Thai nationalism in the 1940s. Thai food writer Chawadee Nualkhair dissects all the theories with Matt Pintus.
	The Enabling Act	20250909	20250910 (WS)	On 23 March 1933, in Germany the Enabling Act was passed, handing Adolf Hitler unchecked power. It became the legal foundation of his dictatorship. But in that moment, one voice spoke in defiance. Otto Wels, chairman of the Social Democratic Party, stood alone in the Reichstag : “Freedom and life can be taken away from us, but not honour. ? His words were the last to be spoken freely in the German parliament. This is the story of the speeches that day, taken from recordings inside the Reichstag. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The Reichstag on 23 March 1933. Credit: Fine Art Images/Heritage Images via Getty Images) In 1933, the Enabling Act was passed, handing Adolf Hitler unchecked power The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Enabling Act was passed in 1933, handing Adolf Hitler unchecked power. It became the legal foundation of his dictatorship. [LISTEN NOW]
	The End Of The Irish Marriage Bar	20240904	20240905 (WS)	Until 1973, married women in Ireland were banned from working in state jobs. It was one of the longest lasting marriage bars in the world. Rachel Naylor speaks to Bernie Flynn, who postponed her wedding and became one of the first married women in the civil service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A couple on their wedding day. Credit: Getty Images) (Photo: Bernie and Jimmy Flynn on their wedding day in 1973. Credit: Bernie Flynn)
	The End Of The Kosovo War	20240610	20240611 (WS)	After a humanitarian catastrophe unfolded in Kosovo, Nato launched an 11-week air attack. In June 1999, a ceasefire was agreed, and the Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic withdrew his troops. Nine years later, Kosovo declared independence from Serbia. This programme was produced and presented by Mark Lowen using BBC archive. (Photo: Nato peacekeeping force. Credit: Tom Stoddart via Getty Images) Twenty-five years since Nato stopped its air attacks against the former Yugoslavia In 1999, Nato called off its 11-week air war against Kosovo. The Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic was forced to withdraw his troops and police.
	The End Of The Us Hiv Travel Ban	20241129	20241130 (WS)	For 22 years, a travel and immigration ban was in place which stopped people with HIV legally entering the US. In 2009, President Barack Obama announced it would be lifted, from the start of 2010. HIV-positive passenger Clemens Ruland flew from Amsterdam to John F. Kennedy airport in New York and became the first passenger to fly legally into the US once the ban was lifted. He speaks to Megan Jones. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Picture: Clemens Ruland responds to questions during a news interview. Credit: AP Photo/Frank Franklin II) In 2010, a travel and immigration ban stopping people with HIV entering the US was lifted The ban was in place for more than 20 years, until President Barack Obama lifted it in 2010, allowing passengers with HIV to legally enter. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Estonia Ferry Disaster	20240927	20240928 (WS)	In 1994, the MS Estonia ferry sank in the Baltic Sea with the loss of 852 lives. It was one of the deadliest shipping tragedies since the sinking of the Titanic. The Estline ferry was sailing overnight from Estonia to Sweden, in bad weather and heavy seas, when it sent a distress signal saying it was listing heavily. Survivors later reported the boat sank within five minutes, and many passengers did not have time to escape. An official inquiry found that the ship's bow door locks had failed allowing water to gush in. Urban Lambertson was one of the 137 survivors. He's been speaking to Jane Wilkinson Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Memorial to the victims of the Estonia ferry disaster. Credit: Jessica Gow/AFP via Getty Images) In 1994 the Estonia ferry sank off Finland in one of Europe's biggest shipping tragedies [LISTEN NOW]
	The Expulsion Of The Sudeten Germans	20240624	20240625 (WS)	At the end of World War Two, the Czechoslovak government decided to expel up to three million German speakers, known as the Sudeten Germans. They were accused of being loyal to Nazi Germany and collaborating in war crimes. By 1946 the expulsions were in full swing, and Helmut Scholz, who was a six-year-old child at the time, was caught up in the turmoil. Helmut tells Phil Jones about the traumatic train journey, in a cattle truck, from his home in Czechoslovakia to Germany. (Photo: Helmut Scholz: Credit: Helmut Scholz) Sudeten Germans were expelled by the Czechoslovak government after World War Two Around three million German speakers were expelled from Czechoslovakia following Germany's defeat in World War Two. Helmut, who was a child at the time tells his story.
	The 'father Of E-books'	20251106	20251107 (WS)	In 1971, an American historical document typed out on a university computer played a vital role in the digital revolution of electronic books. It became the foundation of Project Gutenberg. Michael Hart, the visionary behind the project, later became known as the ‘father of e-books'. His close friend and Project Gutenberg's CEO and director, Greg Newby, tells Gill Kearsley how a bike ride to a shop became the unlikely catalyst for a global transformation in how we read and share literature. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In 1971, there was a key moment in the digital revolution of e-books The story of our times, told by the people who were there An American historical document typed out on a university computer played a vital role in the digital revolution of electronic books in 1971. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Father Of Ethio-jazz	20250328	20250329 (WS)	For more than 50 years, Mulatu Astatke has been performing at venues around the world, inspiring audiences with his original genre of music known as Ethio-jazz. He recorded the volumes of ‘Afro-Latin Soul' with his band, The Ethiopian Quintet, in 1966. They were the first experiments of this new sound, fusing Ethiopian traditional notes with Afro Latin and jazz forms. Mulatu Astatke tells Vicky Carter how he created the genre of Ethio-jazz. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Mulatu Astatke. Credit: BBC) In 1966, Ethiopian musician Mulatu Astatke recorded a new genre of music, Ethio-jazz. The story of our times, told by the people who were there Ethiopian multi-instrumentalist and musician Mulatu Astatke founded a new genre of music, Ethio-jazz. In 1966 he recorded this original sound with his band The Ethiopian Quintet. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Fight To Stop Skin Bleaching In India	20240916	20240917 (WS)	In 2013, Emami an Indian beauty and wellness company put out an advert for their skin bleaching product 'Fair and Handsome'. It features billionaire blockbuster actor Shah Rukh Khan telling a young man that he can get more attention and live a better life if he uses the product. Kavitha Emmanuel who was campaigning to end colourism in India, saw the advert and decided to petition directly against it. She managed to gather 20,000 signatures and went to the Emami headquarters to ask them to take it down. Kavitha tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how she handed out boxes of dark chocolate with 'Dark and Handsome' written on them, to make her point. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Image: Woman with bleaching cream on. Credit: GettyImages) In 2013, Kavitha Emmanuel campaigned to stop skin bleaching in India In 2013, Kavitha Emmanuel campaigned against Emami's 'Fair and Handsome' skin bleaching product. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Fight To Stop Skin Lightening In India	20241021		In 2013, Emami, an Indian beauty and wellness company, put out an advert for their skin lightening product 'Fair and Handsome'. It features billionaire blockbuster actor Shah Rukh Khan telling a young man that he can get more attention and live a better life if he uses the product. Kavitha Emmanuel who was campaigning to end colourism in India, saw the advert and decided to petition against it. She managed to gather 20,000 signatures and went to the Emami headquarters to ask them to take it down. Kavitha tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how she handed out boxes of dark chocolate with 'Dark and Handsome' written on them, to make her point. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	The First Aboriginal Mp	20240529	20240530 (WS)	A warning for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander listeners - this programme contains the names and voices of people who have died. In 1971, Neville Bonner became the first Aboriginal person to become a member of the Australian Parliament. In 1979, he was named Australian of the Year in recognition of his work fighting for the rights of indigenous Australians - Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. His great niece Joanna Lindgren shares her memories of 'Uncle Neville' with Vicky Farncombe. He was gentle, he was a terrific listener. It didn't matter that you were 13 years old, you never felt that he was not interested in what you had to say,' she says. (Photo: Old Parliament House, in Canberra. Credit: Getty Images) In August 1971, the first Aboriginal MP took his place in the Australian Senate. The story of Australia's first Aboriginal MP and how he fought for indigenous rights.
	The First Bosphorus Bridge	20231023	20231024 (WS)	In 1973, the Bosphorus Bridge was completed connecting Europe and Asia. The suspension bridge was the first of three spanning the Bosphorus Strait in Istanbul, Turkey. Wayne Wright speaks to Harvey Binnie who was an important member of the design team. A Made in Manchester production for BBC World Service. (Photo: The Bosphorus Bridge. Credit: Keystone/Getty Images) In 1973, the first bridge connecting Europe and Asia was completed In 1973, the first bridge connecting Europe and Asia was completed. The suspension bridge was the first of three spanning the Bosphorus Strait.
	The First Budget Transatlantic Flights	20240617	20240618 (WS)	In 1955, a small Icelandic airline, Loftleioir Icelandic, slashed the cost of flying across the Atlantic. For the first time, thousands of young Americans were able to afford air travel to Europe on what became known as the 'Hippie Express. In 2017, Mike Lanchin spoke to Edda Helgason, whose father, Sigurdur Helgason, launched the ambitious scheme, and Hans Indridason, who ran the company's sales and marketing department at the time. (Photo: Icelandic Airlines plane, with passengers disembarking, 1965. Credit: Smith Collection / Gado / Getty Images) In 1955, an Icelandic airline slashed the cost of flying across the Atlantic
	The First Cia-backed Coup In Latin America	20240627	20240628 (WS)	In June 1954, the first CIA-backed coup took place in Guatemala, when President Jacobo Arbenz was overthrown in a operation organised by the US government. The Administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower feared his policies, which included a land reform, could threaten the interests of one of the most powerful firms in the US at the time – the United Fruit Company. Arbenz was labelled a communist, and he was forced into a long exile that took him and his family to seek shelter across Europe and Latin America. Arbenz's son told Mike Lanchin in 2016 about the devastating impact the coup had on his family. (Photo: The Arbenz family in 1955. Credit: RDB via Getty) President Jacobo Arbenz of Guatemala was overthrown in a revolt sponsored by the US The first CIA-backed coup in Latin America took place in 1954, when President Jacobo Arbenz of Guatemala was overthrown and forced into exile.
	The First Cold Chain Vaccination Storage System	20240726	20240727 (WS)	In 1974, Ghana pioneered a new system which would help in the roll-out of the immunisation of serious diseases across Africa and the rest of the world. The World Health Organisation chose the country to trial its cold chain system, to help keep vaccines for often deadly diseases refrigerated. It would later evolve into the storage systems used to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic. Justice Baidoo meets Patience Azuma, who was one of the first children to benefit from the Enhanced Immunisation Programme in the 1970s and Dr Kofi Ahmed later a chief medical officer, who helped in the original cold storage system roll out. A Made in Manchester Production for BBC World Service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A man being vaccinated in Ghana. Credit: Junior Asiama / 500px) In 1974, Ghana pioneered a new system, to help immunise against serious diseases Ghana was the first country where the World Health Organisation trialled its cold chain to help keep vaccines refrigerated, for immunisation against serious diseases.
	The First Commercially Successful Electronic Cigarette	20260403	20260404 (WS)	In the summer of 2003, pharmacist Hon Lik was one of millions of smokers in China. He was coughing a lot and having problems with his breathing and wondered if he could make an alternative cigarette. After various experiments, he created a vape prototype. It went on sale in May 2004 and was instantly a hit - selling 100,000 in China. Hon tells Megan Jones how he brought it to market. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Hon Lik smokes his invention. Credit: Frederic J Brown/AFP via Getty Images) In May 2004, pharmacist Hon Lik's vape went on sale in China The story of our times, told by the people who were there In May 2004, pharmacist Hon Lik's vape went on sale in China. In the first year, over 100,000 were sold. [LISTEN NOW]
	The First Ever Quintuplets	20240528	20240529 (WS)	Ninety years ago, the first surviving quintuplets were born in a small village in northern Canada. The Dionnes grew up in a specially-adapted nursery where millions of people could visit them. But, years later they struggled to adapt to life back with their parents which led to a fight for compensation. This programme was produced and presented by Simon Watts in 2012 using BBC archive. (Photo: The quintuplets on their fourth birthday. Credit: Bettmann via Getty Images) Ninety years ago, five girls were born and exhibited to the world In 1934, the Dionne babies became the first quintuplets to survive birth but grew up away from their parents. Millions travelled to see them in their specially-adapted nursery.
	The First Global Case Of Coral Bleaching	20250206	20250207 (WS)	In 1998, a mysterious phenomenon turned many of the world's most colourful coral reefs deathly white. It was the first recorded global coral bleaching event in history, and ecologists blamed it on rising ocean temperatures caused by climate change. Studies showed that when the oceans get warmer, it stresses the corals, causing them to expel the algae that give them their colour, and so turn white. Since then there have been four global bleaching events, which have destroyed up to 20% of the world's reefs, and threatened the economy, tourism and livelihoods of more than 30 countries. Marine ecologist Clive Wilkinson worked as co-ordinator for the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, based in Queensland, Australia. He tells Jane Wilkinson how the first reports of the phenomenon caused shockwaves in 1998. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Reef in Trat, Thailand, damaged by coral bleaching. Credit: Sirachai Arunrugstichai/Getty Images) In 1998 a strange phenomenon turned the world's most colourful coral reefs deathly white In 1998 a strange phenomenon turned many of the world's most colourful coral reefs deathly white. Scientists later blamed it on rising ocean temperatures caused by climate change. [LISTEN NOW]
	The First Great Wall Of China Trek	20260326	20260327 (WS)	In May1984, three friends starting trekking along the Great Wall of China. It took 508 days for them to complete and they became the first people to do it. They finally reached their destination at the Jiayu Pass on 24 September 1985, having documented the condition of the wall every step of the way. The men became national heroes, as the press followed their progress. Dong Yaohui spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2017 about the inspiration for their journey. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Dong Yaohui, Wu Deyu and Zhang Yuanhua. Credit: Dong Yaohui) In May 1984, three friends set off on an epic trek along the Great Wall of China The story of our times, told by the people who were there In May 1984, three friends took on the challenge of trekking the entire length of the Great Wall of China. [LISTEN NOW]
	The First Mega Cruise Ship	20240620	20240621 (WS)	On 16 January 1988, the world's largest passenger ship, Sovereign of the Seas, set sail on her maiden voyage around the Caribbean. She carried more than 2,600 passengers and had five restaurants, nine bars, four pools and a casino. Rachel Naylor speaks to her captain, Tor Stangeland. (Photo: Sovereign of the Seas. Credit: Getty Images) In 1988, the world's largest passenger ship set sail on her maiden voyage from the USA In 1988, the world's largest passenger ship, Sovereign of the Seas, set sail on her maiden voyage around the Caribbean.
	The First Olympic 'mascot'	20240723	20240724 (WS)	After being designed in one night, Shuss, the cartoon skier, debuted at the 1968 Winter Games in Grenoble, France. Instead of ‘mascot', the Olympic Organising Committee referred to it as a ‘character' at the time. In the colours of the French flag, Shuss was available as a variety of souvenirs. Megan Jones speaks to one manufacturer of Shuss merchandise, André Thiennot. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Picture: Shuss souvenir. Credit: BBC) The creation of Shuss for the 1968 Winter Games in Grenoble, France For the 1968 Winter Games in France, the character Shuss was chosen to bring the Olympic spirit to life. The cartoon skier was designed in one night.
	The First Pc Virus	20260112	20260113 (WS)	The first virus for personal computers in 1986 became known as 'Brain'. Welcome to the dungeon' was the message that flashed up on computer screens. Brain' spread around the world and became infamous when it was featured in newspapers and magazines. Amjad Farooq Alvi told Gill Kearsley in 2023 how he and his brother, Basit, came to develop this accidental virus from their shop in Lahore, Pakistan. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: IBM PC Credit: Bettman/Getty) Creating the first virus for personal computers The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1986, the first virus for personal computers spread and became known as 'Brain'. Amjad Farooq Alvi told Gill Kearsley in 2023 how he and his brother developed it accidentally. [LISTEN NOW]
	The First Televised Us Presidential Debate	20240809	20240810 (WS)	In 1956, the two largest US parties agreed to participate for the first time in a televised debate ahead of the presidential elections. But instead of incumbent President Dwight D. Eisenhower and his Democratic opponent Adlai Stevenson, the audience watched two female representatives defending their candidates. Former first lady Eleanor Roosevelt and Senator Margaret Chase Smith took the stage to represent the Democratic and Republican candidates. It was a 30-minute format in which speakers focused on international affairs and civil rights. A panel of journalists asked questions and both women were allowed to render a final statement, setting the path for future debates. Historians Kate Scott and Janann Sherman tell Stefania Gozzer how the event took place. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Eleanor Roosevelt and Margaret Chase Smith. Credit: CBS News) In 1956, US presidential candidates sent female representatives to the first debate on TV In 1956, the Democratic and Republican candidates sent female representatives to the first televised presidential debate. They were Eleanor Roosevelt and Margaret Chase Smith.
	The First Television Opera	20251219	20251220 (WS)	On 24 December 1951, in the United States, television history was made with the live broadcast of Amahl and the Night Visitors, the first opera ever composed specifically for TV. Written by acclaimed Italian composer Gian Carlo Menotti, the opera almost didn't happen. Struggling with writer's block and a looming deadline, Menotti feared he wouldn't finish, until a visit to an art gallery sparked a childhood memory and inspired the story. Broadcast live every Christmas Eve on NBC until 1966, Amahl and the Night Visitors became a much-loved holiday tradition for American audiences. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley using a variety of archive from the 1950s through to the 2000s. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Gian Carlo Menotti in 1957. Credit: Erich Auerbach/Getty Images) In 1951, the first opera ever composed specifically for TV was broadcast The story of our times, told by the people who were there Television history was made with the live broadcast of Amahl and the Night Visitors, the first opera ever composed specifically for TV in 1951. [LISTEN NOW]
	The First World Laughter Day	20240111	20240112 (WS)	On the 11 January 1998 in Mumbai, India, the first World Laughter Day took place. It was the idea of Dr Madan Kataria, a medical doctor who wanted to test the theory that laughter is the best medicine. He tells Gill Kearsley how this unusual event started. (Photo: World Laughter Day in Mumbai in 2016. Credit: Arijit Sen/Hindustan Times via Getty Images) The first World Laughter Day took place in Mumbai, India in January 1998 Dr Madan Kataria is the founder of World Laughter Day. The first one took place in Mumbai, India, on 11 January 1998.
	The Fish That Sparked The Turbot War	20250717	20250718 (WS)	Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Flint Water Crisis	20240530	20240531 (WS)	Flint was once one of the richest cities in the United States. But in the 1980s, it was badly affected by the downturn in car manufacturing and by 2014 it was nearly bankrupt. To save money, the city switched its water supply away from Lake Huron to its own Flint River, but state officials failed to treat the river water properly. As a result lead, a powerful neurotoxin, was released into the drinking water. Despite mounting evidence, officials denied anything was wrong and it took them a year and a half to switch water supply back to Lake Huron. But many residents of Flint –a majority African-American city with high rates of poverty– have been left fearful about the long term impacts on their children. Rob Walker speaks to lifelong Flint resident Jeneyah McDonald who had two young children at the time. He also hears from Dr Mona Hanna-Attisha – a paediatrician and professor of public health– who helped bring the scandal to national attention after showing that lead had found its way into the bloodstreams of the city's children. (Photo: Bottled water donations to help with the Flint Michigan water crisis in 2016. Credit: Dennis Pajot via Getty Images) In 2014, a city in Michigan was exposed to dangerous levels of lead in its water supply In April 2014, the US city of Flint in Michigan switched to a new water supply. It was supposed to save money but instead residents were exposed to dangerous levels of lead.
	The Flooding Of Florence	20260213	20260214 (WS)	In November, 1966, Florence suffered one of the worst floods in its history after heavy rainfall caused the River Arno to burst. The Italian city was submerged under tons of mud, rubble and sewage, leaving thousands homeless and destroying around 14,000 art treasures, and millions of books and manuscripts. Among those who came to the rescue were the so-called ‘mud angels' – young people from around the world who wanted to help in the clean-up. Antonina Bargellini, then the 22-year-old daughter of the city's mayor, recalls days of deep mud and stinking streets. She tells Jane Wilkinson about what happened. Archive from BBC, British Pathe and Associated Press, plus Florence: Days of Destruction, directed by Franco Zeffirelli in 1966. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Flooded street in Florence, 1966. Credit: Giorgio Lotti/Mondadori via Getty Image) In 1966, Florence was left underwater after heavy rainfall caused the River Arno to burst The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1966, Florence was left underwater after the River Arno burst. Mud, rubble and sewage swept through the Italian city, leaving thousands homeless and destroying artwork. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Founding Of Magnum Photos	20250522	20250523 (WS)	In the aftermath of World War Two, a group of famous photographers brought their individual styles into one powerful collaboration, over a celebratory bottle of champagne. On 22 May 1947 the agency, Magnum Photos was founded, going on to represent some of the world's best photographers. In 2017, Louise Hidalgo spoke to Jinx Roger, the widow of one of the founders, and Inge Bondi one of the very first staff members. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: French photographer Raymond Depardon who become a partner at Magnum Photos. Credit: Raph GATTI / AFP via Getty Images) On 22 April 1947, a group of famous war photographers founded the agency. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In the aftermath of World War Two, the agency was founded by a group of famous photographers, going on to represent some of the world's best. Louise Hidalgo has been speaking to Jinx Roger, the widow of one of the founders, and Inge Bondi one of the very first staff members. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Founding Of Nato	20240328	20240329 (WS)	Nato - the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation - was formed in 1949 by 12 countries, including the US, UK, Canada and France. Its aim was to block expansion by the then Soviet Union - a group of states which included Russia. The UK's foreign secretary at the time, Ernest Bevin, played a key role in persuading the US to join the alliance. This programme, produced and presented by Vicky Farncombe, tells the story of Nato's founding using archive interviews. (Credit: Ernest Bevin signs the North Atlantic treaty. Credit: Getty Images) The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation was formed to block the Soviet Union's expansion In 1949, a group of 12 countries formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation to block the expansion of the Soviet Union. Nato - the North Atlantic Treaty Organization - was formed in 1949 by 12 countries, including the US, UK, Canada and France. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was formed to block the Soviet Union's expansion In 1949, a group of 12 countries formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to block the expansion of the Soviet Union.
	The Founding Of The Warsaw Pact	20250514	20250515 (WS)	On 14 May 1955, the leader of the Soviet Union and leaders from seven European countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact. In the years following World War Two, the Soviet Union and the United States started the worldwide Cold War. While Western powers feared the spread of communism, the Soviets worried about US atomic bombs. What resulted was the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) in 1949. The Warsaw Pact was signed six years later in response to West Germany joining NATO. Natasha Fernandes uses archive of East Germany's leader Otto Grotewohl to tell the story. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Soviet Premier, Nikolai Bulganin (centre) addresses Soviet leaders at the Warsaw Conference on 14 May 1955. From left to right: Marshal Ivan Koniev, Minister Vyacheslav Molotov, Bulganin and Marshal Gregori Zhukov. Credit: Bettmann via Getty images) On 14 May 1955, eight Soviet countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact. The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 14 May 1955, the leader of the Soviet Union and Heads of State from seven European countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact. (Photo: Russian Leaders in Session on 14th May 1955. Credit: Bettmann via Getty images) On the 14th May 1955, eight Soviet countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact. On the 14th May 1955, the leader of the Soviet Union and Heads of State from seven European countries met to sign the Warsaw Pact. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Founding Of Usaid	20250902	20250903 (WS)	On 3 November 1961, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) was founded, bringing all existing aid work under one single agency. In 1964, Babara Ward later Baroness Jackson spoke to the John F Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum Oral History Program. Barbara contributed foreign aid ideas to prime ministers and presidents across the world. One of the first countries that was the focus of USAID was the newly independent West African nation of Ghana. She talks about how she influenced the decision for USAID to help fund the construction of Ghana's Volta River Project. Surya Elango listens back to an archive interview of Barbara Ward. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Barbara Ward. Credit: Kurt Hutton/Picture Post/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) One woman's influence on USAID during the 1960s 'Decade of Development The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Friendship Train: Connecting India And Bangladesh	20240416	20240417 (WS)	When the train service between India and Bangladesh was suspended in 1965, following war between Pakistan and India, it lay dormant for 43 years. But in a day of celebration in 2008, the Maitree (or Friendship) Express rumbled into life and connected the two countries once more. In 2020, Farhana Haider spoke to Dr Azad Chowdhury who was on the inaugural train journey. (Photo: Crowds line the tracks for the train's first journey. Credit: STRDEL/AFP/Getty Images) In 2008, India and Bangladesh were reconnected by train after 43 years In 2008, India and Bangladesh were reconnected by train, 43 years after the 1965 war between India and Pakistan halted the service.
	The Funeral Of Nelson Mandela	20231215	20231216 (WS)	On 15 December 2013, South Africa held the funeral of Nelson Mandela who led the struggle in defeating apartheid and became the country's first black president. His ancestral home in the village of Qunu in South Africa's Eastern Cape hosted 60 world leaders including four United States presidents and two UN secretary generals. It was the first state funeral held by the country. Nelson Mandela's eldest child Dr Makaziwe Mandela tells Josephine McDermott how it took eight years to plan and why it makes her proud to remember that day. (Photo: Candles are lit under a portrait of Nelson Mandela at his funeral service. Credit: Odd Andersen/AFP via Getty Images) In 2013, South Africa's first black president was buried in his ancestral village In 2013, a humble village in South Africa hosted the funeral of the country's revered statesman, Nelson Mandela. Sixty world leaders attended and tens of thousands mourned.
	The Funeral Train For Robert Kennedy	20250625		In June 1968, Senator Robert Kennedy was killed during his campaign for the American presidency. There was nationwide mourning with huge crowds lining the tracks for his funeral train, as it travelled from New York to Washington DC. In 2012, Simon Watts spoke to Kennedy's former press secretary Frank Mankiewicz and to his former bodyguard Rosey Grier. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Gambia's 'queen Of Recycling'	20250313	20250314 (WS)	In 1997, Isatou Ceesay, who lives in The Gambia had an idea to make bags and purses out of old discarded plastic. Her idea to help the environment started with a group of five women and has grown to become a national project that supports women in the country to improve their skills and income. She is now recognised worldwide for her environmental work and has become known in Africa as the ‘'Queen of Recycling'. Isatou tells Gill Kearsley her story. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Isatou Ceesay. Credit: BBC) In 1997, a Gambian woman started an environmental initiative The story of our times, told by the people who were there Isatou Ceesay started a small project to help the environment in 1997. It has grown to become a national project. [LISTEN NOW]
	The German Naturists	20240820	20240821 (WS)	For years, Germans have been bathing nude at the beach. The naturist movement, called the FKK, was banned under the Nazis. People also faced official disapproval during the early years of communist rule in East Germany. Mike Lanchin spoke to German nudist, Wolfgang Haider, in 2017. (Photo: Bathers enjoy the beach. Credit: Sean Gallup via Getty Images) The naturist movement began in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century Germans have been stripping off at the beach for years. The naturist movement called the FKK is known as the ‘free body culture'.
	The Germanwings Plane Crash	20250324	20250325 (WS)	When General David Galtier hovered above the French Alps in a helicopter on 24 March 2015 he could not see the 60-tonne plane he was looking for. Instead he saw thousands and thousands of little pieces of metal. “There was nothing, ? he says. “Only these little stars shining in the mountains. ? Ten years on, he recalls to Josephine McDermott how he led the police's search operation, from the moment he heard about the disappearance of Flight 4U 9525, to the handing back of the victims' possessions. In the first 24 hours, the possibility that such a routine, short-haul flight cruising with two experienced pilots on board could end in the loss of 150 people was almost impossible to comprehend. Then, Gen Galtier heard the cockpit voice recorder which revealed the last efforts from air traffic control to communicate with Andreas Lubitz who had locked himself in the cockpit. Investigators drew the harrowing conclusion that he had intended to crash the plane. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The memorial site of the Germanwings plane crash. Credit: AP) General David Galtier who led the search operation recalls the 2015 crash The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 24 March 2015 all 150 people on Germanwings Flight 4U 9525 were killed when co-pilot Andreas Lubitz crashed the plane into a mountain. [LISTEN NOW]
	The 'ghost Town' Of Namibia	20250331	20250401 (WS)	In the early 1900s, the first diamond was found in Kolmanskop, in the African country of Namibia. It led to a diamond rush and the town was created. Having become one of the wealthiest places, when the diamonds ran out it was abandoned. It meant this once vibrant place started being buried by the Namib Desert. Dieter Huyssen speaks to Megan Jones about his memories of visiting the town, which is where his family once called home. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Dieter's father's house. Credit: Dieter Huyssen) In 1908, the first Kolmanskop diamond was found. It's now abandoned, buried in the desert The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1908, the first diamond was found in Kolmanskop, Africa. But, as the diamonds ran out, it became abandoned and buried in the desert. In the early 1900s, the first diamond was found in Kolmanskop, Africa. After becoming one of the wealthiest places, when the diamonds ran out it was abandoned. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Gratitude Train: France Thanks America	20250623	20250624 (WS)	In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in the United States, made up of 49 wagons filled with thousands of gifts from France. The convoy was a thank-you to American families who'd sent food and supplies across the Atlantic, via a ‘friendship train' in the aftermath of World War Two. It was the idea of a French railworker called Andre Picard. In the same spirit as the friendship train, he asked families across France to make donations. The response was 52,000 gifts that filled 49 rail wagons or ‘boxcars', one for each US state, and to be distributed to American families. Some donations were valuable; a carriage used by King Louis XV. Others were handmade; a knitted scarf or a child's painting. June Cutchins tells Jane Wilkinson about the treasure her family received from the Florida boxcar. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Gratitude train boxcar unloaded in New York, 1949. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images) In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in the US, 49 wagons of thank you gifts from France The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in the US; 49 wagons of gifts sent from France. The convoy was a thank-you for American food and supplies in the aftermath of World War II. In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in America, made up of 49 wagons filled with thousands of gifts from France. The response was 52,000 gifts that filled 49 boxcars, one for each US state, and to be distributed to American families. Some donations were valuable; a carriage used by King Louis XV. Others were handmade; a knitted scarf or a child's painting. In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in America, 49 wagons of thank you gifts from France In 1949, the Gratitude Train arrived in America; 49 wagons of gifts sent from France. The convoy was a thank-you for American food and supplies in the aftermath of World War II. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Great Toyota War	20250306	20250307 (WS)	In 1987, a decades-long war in Chad reached a dramatic turning point in what would come to be known as the Great Toyota War. Named after the rugged pick-up trucks that transformed modern desert warfare, this campaign saw the lightly armed Chadian forces out manoeuvre Libya's heavily fortified military. They achieved a string of astonishing victories, including the capture of the Libyan airbase at Ouadi Dum. Former Chadian officer Mahamat Saleh Bani recalls the speed, ingenuity, and bravery that defined this extraordinary chapter of African history. He speaks to Pearse Lynch. An Africa Digital Audio production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Great Toyota War. Credit: AFP) In 1987, rugged pickup trucks provided a turning point in the decades-long war in Chad The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1987, rugged pickup trucks gave the lightly armoured Chadian forces an advantage in the decades-long war against Libya's heavily fortified military. They achieved a string of astonishing victories, including the capture of the Libyan airbase at Ouadi Dum. Former Chadian officer Mahamat Saleh Bani recalls the speed, ingenuity, and bravery that defined this extraordinary chapter of African history. He speaks to Pearse Lynch. An African Digital Audio production. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Green March: Moroccans Take Over The Sahara	20240116	20240117 (WS)	On 6 November 1975, tens of thousands of Moroccans poured into Spanish Sahara in a bid to claim it for their own. They danced, waved flags and played music as they faced off, unarmed, against gun-carrying Spanish soldiers. The so-called Green March led to a diplomatic victory for Morocco's King Hassan, but sparked a guerrilla war and decades of instability. In 2013, TV cameraman Seddik Maaninou and North Africa expert Francis Gillies told Simon Watts about that momentous protest. (Photo: Protestors on the Green March. Credit: Jacques Haillot/Apis/Sygma/Sygma/Getty Images) In 1975, unarmed Moroccans faced off against gun-carrying Spanish soldiers In 1975, hundreds of thousands of Moroccans faced off against armed Spanish soldiers in a bid to control the Sahara.
	The Handover Of The Panama Canal	20241212	20241213 (WS)	The Panama Canal is a short cut between the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean and plays a huge role in global shipping. The United States had rights to the land surrounding it, known as the canal zone, and also controlled the waterway itself. In 1977, responding to years of Panamanian protest, US President Jimmy Carter and Panama's General Omar Torrijos signed two new treaties, giving full control to Panama. The handover ceremony took place in December 1999. Alberto Aleman Zubieta was an administrator of the canal. Twenty-five years on, he tells Gill Kearsley the story of the handover. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Panama handover ceremony. Credit: Pedro Ugarte/AFP via Getty Images) In 1999 the Panama Canal was handed over from US to Panamanian rule The Panama Canal was handed over from US to Panamanian rule in December 1999 In 1977, responding to years of Panamanian protest, U.S. President Jimmy Carter and Panama's General Omar Torrijos signed two new treaties that meant Panama would get full control. In 1999 the Panama Canal was handed over from USA to Panamanian rule The Panama Canal was handed over from USA to Panamanian rule in December 1999 [LISTEN NOW]
	The Heimlich Manoeuvre	20240326	20240327 (WS)	Since its adoption as a first aid method, the Heimlich Manoeuvre has saved untold numbers of lives around the world. Developed by American physician Dr Henry Heimlich as a way to save choking victims from dying, his manoeuvre would become famous just weeks after it was written about in a medical journal. But as well as his namesake manoeuvre, Heimlich was responsible for several other medical innovations throughout his life. Ashley Byrne hears from Janet Heimlich, one of Dr Heimlich's children. A Made In Manchester/Workerbee co-production for the BBC World Service. (Photo: Dr Henry Heimlich demonstrates the Heimlich manoeuvre on host Johnny Carson in 1979. Credit: Gene Arias/NBCU Photo Bank/NBCUniversal via Getty Images) How the life-saving method to stop choking was developed How Dr Henry Heimlich invented a life-saving manoeuvre, which stopped people dying from choking around the world. It was just one of Dr Heimlich's medical innovations.
	The Hillsborough Disaster	20260105	20260106 (WS)	On 15 April 1989, there was a crowd crush at a football match in Sheffield, England, which led to the death of 97 fans. It was the semi-final of the FA Cup between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest and the worst sporting disaster in UK history. Rachel Naylor speaks to Jenni Hicks, whose daughters died in the disaster. This programme contains distressing details. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Tributes laid in memory of those who died at Hillsborough. Credit: Liverpool FC via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Hindenburg Airship Disaster	20240104	20240105 (WS)	The Hindenburg was the largest airship ever built and the pride of Nazi Germany. In May 1937, it flew over the Atlantic from Frankfurt, in Germany, to New Jersey, in the United States. During its mooring at Lakehurst Naval Air Station it burst into flames, killing 35 of the 97 passengers and crew. Radio reporter Herb Morrison watched the horror unfold and his eyewitness account became one of the most famous moments in journalism history. Vicky Farncombe presents this episode. (Photo: The Hindenburg airship disaster. Credit: Sam Shere/Getty Images) In 1937, the Hindenburg bust into flames during mooring, killing 35 people on board. In 1937, the Hindenburg airship bust into flames during its mooring in New Jersey, in the US, killing 35 of the 97 passengers and crew.
	The Hippo And The Tortoise	20231110	20231111 (WS)	Following the devastating tsunami of 2004, a baby hippo named Owen was rescued from the sea off the coast of Kenya. He was taken to Haller Park in Mombasa, home of a 130-year-old giant tortoise called Mzee. Owen and Mzee formed an unusual friendship and their story gained worldwide fame. Dr Paula Kahumbu tells their story to Gill Kearsley. (Photo: Owen and Mzee. Credit: Peter Greste/AFP/Getty Images) In 2004, a hippo and a tortoise became friends. Their story gained worldwide fame In Kenya, a baby hippo and a giant tortoise formed an unusual friendship in 2004. The story of Owen and Mzee became a symbol of hope and went viral.
	The Historic Handshake In Space	20250320	20250321 (WS)	In July 1975, former competitors the Soviet Union and the United States both launched rockets into the sky within hours of each other, as part of a joint project. They wanted two spacecraft, from two different countries, to achieve the first international docking in space. While millions watched on TV, the cosmonauts and astronauts opened the hatches between the two vehicles and shook hands, then shared meals and conducted joint science experiments. In 2022, former NASA chief historian, Bill Barry told Nick Holland why the unique rendezvous was a turning point. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Commander of the Soviet crew of Soyuz, Alexei Leonov (L) and commander of the American crew of Apollo, Thomas Stafford (R). Credit: NASA/AFP via Getty Images). In July 1975, Russian cosmonauts and American astronauts met in space and shook hands The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1975, Russian cosmonauts and American astronauts met in space. They shook hands between the hatches of their spacecrafts, shared meals and conducted joint science experiments. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Home Video War	20251006	20251007 (WS)	Before streaming and catch-up TV, owning a video recorder was one of the only ways to watch on-demand entertainment. In 1975 Sony launched Betamax with its half-inch-wide tape capable of recording 60 minutes of television. It was the length of most American shows - the perfect run-time. But in 1977, JVC released its VHS: it was bigger and bulkier, but capable of taping a full two-hour movie. That extra time turned out to be a game-changer, offering viewers more choice, more flexibility, and ultimately, more power. Johnny I'Anson speaks to industry veteran Marc Wielage, who watched it all unfold from the inside. Marc tells Johnny how marketing, business decisions, and consumer behaviour shaped the outcome. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: VHS and Betamax tape comparison. Credit: Museum of Obsolete Media) In the 1970s and 80s VHS and Betamax went head-to-head over the home entertainment market The story of our times, told by the people who were there For more than a decade, VHS and Betamax battled over which video recorder would win the home entertainment market. By 1988 the eventual champion had been decided. Johnny I'Anson speaks to industry veteran Mark Wielage, who watched it all unfold from the inside. Marc tells Johnny how marketing, business decisions, and consumer behaviour shaped the outcome. In the 1970 and 80s VHS and Betamax went head-to-head over the home entertainment market [LISTEN NOW]
	The Howard Hughes Literary Hoax	20251126	20251127 (WS)	In 1971, the publishing world was rocked by one of the biggest hoaxes in literary history – a fake autobiography of the reclusive billionaire Howard Hughes. Hughes was an aerospace engineer, film producer, record-breaking aviator and business tycoon, who'd built a $2 billion fortune to become one of the richest people in the world. But for years he'd been living as a recluse, reportedly so terrified of catching a disease that he had almost no contact with the outside world. That's why the publishers, McGraw Hill, were delighted when Clifford Irving, an American author, persuaded the billionaire to talk. They paid him a $750,000 advance. But Irving had faked the entire manuscript, and after his scam was discovered, he was sentenced to jail. Jane Wilkinson has been through the BBC archives to find out how it happened. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Howard Hughes, 1947. Credit: Bettmann/Getty Images) In 1971 a conman fooled publishers with a fake autobiography of billionaire Howard Hughes The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1971, US publishers were rocked by one of the biggest hoaxes in literary history – a fake autobiography of the reclusive billionaire Howard Hughes by conman Clifford Irving That's why the publishers, McGraw Hill, were delighted when Clifford Irving, an American author, persuaded the billionaire talk. They paid him a $750,000 advance. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Hungarian Footballer Executed For Love	20240125	20240126 (WS)	The Magnificent Magyars were Hungary's golden football team of the 1950s. But behind their shine lay a dark secret. In 1951, defender Sándor Szűcs was executed for trying to defect from the communist regime. The married centre-back had wanted to leave Hungary with his lover, singer Erzsi Kovács, who was also married. The pair had been told to end their illicit relationship or face imprisonment. They were arrested near the border after being set up by a double agent. This programme has been made by Vicky Farncombe, using an interview Erzsi gave in 2011 to Hungarian journalist Endre Kadarkai on the Arckép programme, on Zuglo TV. (Photo: Sándor Szűcs. Credit: Arcanum/Nemzeti Sport) S\u00e1ndor Sz\u0171cs was hanged for trying to escape communist Hungary with his lover Defender Sándor Szűcs was hanged for trying to escape communist Hungary with his lover, Erzsi Kovács. His death in 1951 was a warning to other sports stars thinking of defecting. S\u00e1ndor Sz\u0171cs was hung for trying to escape communist Hungary with his lover, Erzsi Kov\u00e1cs Defender Sándor Szűcs was hung for trying to escape communist Hungary with his lover, Erzsi Kovács. His death in 1951 was a warning to other sports stars thinking of defecting.
	The Hunger-striking Bolivian President	20240115	20240116 (WS)	In Bolivia, on 25 October 1984, President Hernán Siles Zuazo announced he was going on hunger strike. He was trying to stop the booming cocaine industry in his country. It was the second time he had taken the job of president and he had been on hunger strike several times before. His daughter Marcela Siles, tells Laura Jones about her father. (Photo: President Zuazo. Credit: Getty Images) In 1984, President Zuazo went on hunger strike, in an attempt to stabilise Bolivia The president of Bolivia, Dr Hernán Siles Zuazo, went on hunger strike in 1984. He wanted to stop public unrest around the country and crack down on the cocaine trade. He was trying to stop the booming cocaine industry in his country. It was the second time he had taken the job of president and had also been on hunger strike several times before.
	The Independence Of Zambia	20231120	20231121 (WS)	In 1964, Zambia became a republic. It was the ninth African state to leave British colonial rule. Simon Kapwepwe was one of the leaders in the fight for independence, along with his childhood friend Kenneth Kaunda, who became President in 1964. Simon's daughter, Mulenga Kapwepwe, speaks to Laura Jones about her father's role in naming the country and her memories of that time. (Photo: Sign welcoming people to Zambia in 1965. Credit: Lambert/Express/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) How Zambia became independent in 1964 The story of Zambia's independence, including how the country got its name. The African country became a republic in 1964.
	The Introduction Of Sharia Law In Aceh, Indonesia	20260416	20260417 (WS)	In 2003, Sharia law - Islamic religious law - was introduced in Aceh, the only Indonesian province where it is in force. It followed years of conflict between Aceh and the central government. In Arabic, Sharia means 'the clear, well-trodden path to water'. It is derived from the Quran, Islam's holy book and from the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. Interpretation of Islamic law is nuanced according to local culture and customs, which means the application of Sharia Law may look quite different from country to country. Azwar Abubakar was the acting governor of Aceh who oversaw the first implementation of Sharia Law - a public caning - on 24 June 2005. He speaks to Surya Elango. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. On 24 June 2005, the first Sharia law public caning took place in Indonesia The story of our times, told by the people who were there When Sharia law, Islamic religious law, was introduced in Aceh, the only Indonesian province where it is in force. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of Bubble Tea	20231121	20231122 (WS)	In 1987, a tea shop in Taiwan named Chun Shui Tang began selling pearl milk tea, or bubble tea, as it's often called. It would revolutionise the tea-drinking world. Ben Henderson speaks to Liu Han-Chieh, the shop owner, and Lin Xiuhu, who first added the drink's signature tapioca balls. (Photo: Bubble tea. Credit: Chun Shui Tang) Chun Shui Tang tea house in Taiwan began selling bubble tea in 1987 Chun Shui Tang tea house in Taiwan began selling bubble tea in 1987. The drink would revolutionise the tea-drinking world. Liu Han-Chieh and Lin Xiuhu created it. (Photo: Liu Han-Chieh. Credit: Chun Shui Tang)
	The Invention Of Gps	20250310	20250311 (WS)	There are few inventions that we rely on as much as the Global Positioning System, also known as GPS. But, when it was created in the late 1970s, nobody wanted it. Prof Brad Parkinson and his team at the US Air Force built it, and the first GPS satellite was launched in 1978. However, GPS wasn't widely used until an air disaster in 1983 highlighted the need for satellite navigation. Nowadays, GPS helps countless people travel in the right direction. But, we also rely on it for many things you might not realise: it keeps aeroplanes in the sky, props up global trade, farming and construction, and even supports banking transactions. Ben Henderson speaks to Prof Parkinson, 'the father of GPS'. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: GPS devices. Credit: George Wilhelm/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images) The Global Positioning System, also known as GPS, was created in the late 1970s The story of our times, told by the people who were there When the Global Positioning System, also known as GPS, was created in the late 1970s, nobody wanted it. But, today it's a different story. Ben Henderson speaks to Prof Brad Parkinson, 'the father of GPS'. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of Jenga	20251222	20251223 (WS)	It's just over 30 years since the brick game was introduced to the world at a department store in London. Made of 54 wooden blocks stacked into a tower in rows of three by three, each player takes a turn to remove a block from the tower and place it at the top. When the tower falls, the game is over. Surya Elango speaks to its British designer Leslie Scott about how a family game that started in her parent's home in 1970s Ghana, became an international hit. By 1986, the game was successfully introduced into the North America market at a time when video games were taking off. It's now in the US National Toy Hall of Fame having sold millions worldwide. Leslie went on to create 40 other games. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Leslie Scott with a jenga set in 1983. Credit: Sue Macpherson ARPS.) How a 1970s family game became an international hit The story of our times, told by the people who were there The story of the wooden block stacking game invented in the 1970s and the fight to keep its name. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of Kevlar	20250724	20250725 (WS)	In 1965, a new fibre was discovered by Polish American scientist Stephanie Kwolek. It was called Kevlar and it was found to be five times stronger than steel. Since that discovery it's been used to save thousands of lives through its use in bulletproof vests, but it's also used in hundreds of other products from aeroplanes to protective clothing for motorcyclists. Stephanie was one of the only female scientists working for the chemical firm DuPont and was passionate about encouraging more women and girls into the field of chemistry. Tim O'Callaghan has uses archive of Stephanie Kwolek from 1996 to tell the story of her discovery. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Stephanie with items which use Kevlar. Credit: Smithsonian Institute) In 1965, a new fibre was discovered by scientist Stephanie Kwolek The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1965, Polish American scientist Stephanie Kwolek discovered a new fibre that was found to be five times stronger than steel. Tim O'Callaghan has used archive of Stephanie Kwolek from 1996 to tell the story of her discovery. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of Superglue	20250401	20250402 (WS)	In 1951, American chemist Dr Harry Coover was experimenting with a substance called cyanoacrylate but it was sticking to everything. He realised its potential as an adhesive and it went on sale in 1958 as Eastman 910, because it only took 10 seconds to set. But his product only became a commercial success after an appearance on a game show, I've Got a Secret, where Harry demonstrated his glue could hold the weight of the presenter. Rachel Naylor speaks to Harry's grandson, Adam Paul. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Dr Harry Coover holds up items stuck together with superglue in 1986. Credit: AP / Fred Jewell) In 1951, Harry Coover noticed a chemical he was working with was sticking to everything The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1951, American chemist Dr Harry Coover was experimenting with cyanoacrylate but it was sticking to everything. (Photo: . Credit: ) [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of The Automatic Electric Rice Cooker	20250506	20250507 (WS)	In 1955, entrepreneur and engineer Yoshitada Minami came up with a way to liberate women from two to three hours of housework a day. When his water heating business started losing sales, he was tasked with inventing an automatic rice cooker – something which the men in the home appliances industry didn't take seriously. With little knowledge of how to make the perfect rice he turned to the unsung heroine of this tale – his wife, Fumiko Minami. After years of testing the cookers in the harshest of conditions, Yoshitada and his family stumbled upon an invention that would revolutionise rice cooking forever. Natasha Fernandes speaks to Aiji Minami, the youngest son of Yoshitada and Fumiko. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Automatic electric rice cooker manual. Credit: Toshiba) In 1955, entrepreneur and engineer Yoshitada Minami, revolutionised rice cooking. The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of The 'baby' Computer	20241108	20241109 (WS)	In June 1948, the ‘Baby' was invented. It was the first stored-program computer, meaning it was the first machine to work like the ones we have today. It was developed in England at the University of Manchester. The computer was huge, it filled a room that was nearly six metres square. The team who made it are now recognised as the pioneers of modern computing. Gill Kearsley has been looking through the archives to find out more about the 'Baby'. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Freddie Williams and Tom Kilburn, the inventors of the Baby shown programming the Manchester Mk 1 computer. Credit: The University of Manchester) In 1948, the first stored-program computer the 'Baby' was invented The ‘Baby ', built in 1948, was the first stored- program computer. It was the first machine to work like the computers we have today. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of The Balloon-expandable Stent	20251028	20251029 (WS)	An estimated 2 million stents are implanted into people's hearts around the world each year – making it one of the key treatments for heart disease. The treatment was invented by Argentinian doctor Julio Palmaz, who credits a piece of metal being left by a construction worker in his home as inspiration for the structure of the stent. Collaborating with a US Army cardiologist and getting funding from the owner of a fast-food chain and a pharmaceutical giant; the coronary stent was approved for use in human beings in the 1990s. Julio Palmaz speaks to Tim O'Callaghan about his invention. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Julio holding a stent. Credit: Julio Palmaz) The story of how an Argentinian doctor created a new treatment for heart disease The story of our times, told by the people who were there An estimated 2 million stents are implanted into the hearts of people around the world each year – this is the story of how they were invented. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of The Ct Scanner	20240916	20240917 (WS)	In 1971, the CT scanner was invented by South African physicist Allan Cormack and British engineer Sir Godfrey Hounsfield. It was a ground-breaking moment in modern medicine and they're now in almost every hospital around the world. Rachel Naylor speaks to Allan's son, Robert Cormack. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A patient receiving a CT scan in 1977. Credit: Getty Images) In 1971, the CT scanner was invented by Allan Cormack and Godfrey Hounsfield [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of The Epipen	20231113	20231114 (WS)	In the 1970s, engineer Sheldon Kaplan and his colleagues were tasked with creating an auto-injector pen to be used by US soldiers needing a nerve agent antidote. The Pentagon called it the ComboPen but, in 1987, it was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as the EpiPen, for patients with allergies. The device is carried by millions of people all over the world as it can quickly and easily deliver a shot of adrenaline to anyone at risk of death from anaphylactic shock. Sheldon Kaplan died in 2009 and was inducted into the US National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2016. Sheldon's son Michael Kaplan and colleague Michael Mesa tell Vicky Farncombe the story behind the pen. How engineer Sheldon Kaplan and his team made the EpiPen, the lifesaving allergy device In the 1970s, engineer Sheldon Kaplan and his colleagues invented an auto-injector pen which came to be known as the EpiPen - the lifesaving, allergy device.
	The Invention Of The Hotel Key Card	20250108	20250109 (WS)	In the 1970s, Norwegian Tor Sornes invented the hotel key card. He wanted to improve security in hotels after he heard the news that one of his favourite singers, Connie Francis, was attacked in her hotel room. After making a prototype in his garden shed, Tor then had the challenging task of selling his invention globally. Tor's son, Anders, tells Gill Kearsley how persistence paid off for Tor, and the hotel key card was adopted worldwide. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A later version of a hotel key card. Credit: Getty Images) Tor Sornes invented the hotel key card in the 1970s because he wanted to improve security after a singer was attacked in her hotel room. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of The Mobility Scooter	20260306	20260307 (WS)	In 1967, American plumber Al Thieme promised his wife with multiple sclerosis that he would find her an alternative to a wheelchair. He came up with a battery-powered seat on wheels. He called it an ‘amigo' and soon other people wanted one too. In 1968, he founded Amigo Mobility International and started selling his vehicles around the world. He speaks to Rachel Naylor. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Al Thieme with an early model. Credit: Amigo Mobility International) In 1967, American plumber Al Thieme came up with a battery-powered seat on wheels. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1967, American plumber Al Thieme came up with a battery-powered seat on wheels for his wife. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of The Shopping Trolley	20250304	20250305 (WS)	In 1937, American supermarket owner, Sylvan Goldman, came up with a way to get his customers to spend more. He introduced his 'folding basket carriers' in his Humpty Dumpty chain in Oklahoma, hiring models to push them round his stores. They caught on, becoming known as shopping carts in the USA. Rachel Naylor uses clips from a 1977 CBS interview of Sylvan with Charles Kuralt to tell the story. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Sylvan Goldman, with models of his shopping trolley. Credit: Don Tullous, Oklahoma Publishing Company Photography Collection, Courtesy of the Oklahoma Historical Society) In 1937, American supermarket owner, Sylvan Goldman, wanted his customers to spend more The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of The White Led Lightbulb	20250415	20250416 (WS)	In 1993, a literal lightbulb moment led to the invention of the first white light emitting diode (LED). These LEDs are now used to light up everything from our streets to our homes to this screen you're looking at. Along with two other Japanese engineers, Professor Shuji Nakamura, was behind this illuminating invention. But Shuji's journey to this point is one of resilience and perseverance. In his pursuit to discover the first commercial white LED, he had to overcome many obstacles along the way. With less funding than his counterparts and one of the only inventors without a PhD degree, Shuji stood out from the crowd. He set out to get his PhD degree and found one of the most sought-after inventions along the way. Professor Shuji Nakamura speaks to Natasha Fernandes about finding the light and how it might not be what you would expect. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Shuji Nakamura speaks during a news conference with LED lights on display. Credit: Kevork Djansezian via Getty Images) In 1993, a lightbulb moment led to the invention of the first white light emitting diode The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1993, Professor Shuji Nakamura invented the long sought after blue LED light. This led to the white LED which are used to light up our streets, homes, and screens. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Invention Of The Wingsuit	20240103	20240104 (WS)	The wingsuit is the ultimate in extreme sports clothing. The aerodynamic outfit allows base jumpers and skydivers to free-fall for longer before opening a parachute. The road to creating it was littered with casualties, but in 1999 skydivers Jari Kuosma and Robert Pecnik developed the first commercial wingsuits. In 2019, Jari told Jonathan Coates how exciting, but also how dangerous they can be. (Photo: Jari in his wingsuit. Credit: BBC) In 1999, skydiver Jari Kuosma developed the first commercial wingsuit In the summer of 1999, two skydivers created the first commercial wingsuit.
	The Iran Nuclear Deal	20250715	20250716 (WS)	On 14 July 2015, Iran agreed to temporarily limit its nuclear programme. The deal was signed in Vienna, the capital of Austria. Officially known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), it was agreed between Iran and a group of world powers known as the P5+1 – the US, UK, France, China, Russia and Germany, together with the EU. The accord came after years of tension over Iran's alleged efforts to develop a nuclear weapon. Iran insisted that its nuclear programme was entirely peaceful, but much of the international community did not believe that. Iran agreed to limit its nuclear programme and facilitate international inspections, in return for economic sanctions relief. Baroness Catherine Ashton, who was the European Union's High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, tells Ben Henderson how the plan was achieved. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Baroness Catherine Ashton and Javad Mohammad Zarif, Iranian Foreign Minister, during nuclear negotiations in 2014. Credit: Dieter Nagl/AFP via Getty Images) In 2015, Iran agreed to limit its nuclear programme in a historic deal The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 14 July 2015, Iran agreed to limit its nuclear programme in return for the lifting of economic sanctions. In July 2015, Iran agreed to temporarily limit its nuclear programme. The deal was finalised in Vienna, the capital of Austria. Officially known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), it was agreed with a group of world powers known as the P5+1 – the US, UK, France, China, Russia and Germany, together with the EU. Ben Henderson hears how the plan was achieved. In 2015, Iran agreed a deal on its nuclear programme allowing in international inspectors On 14 July 2015, Iran agreed to limit its nuclear activities and allow in international inspectors in return for the lifting of economic sanctions. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Iran-contra Affair	20241201	20241126 (WS) 20241127 (WS)	The Iran-Contra affair was a scandal that went right to the heart of Ronald Reagan's White House and it became known as one of the most controversial political scandals in modern US history. In 1986, Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North was accused of orchestrating the illegal sale of weapons to Iran and using those profits to fund rebel groups in Central America. Five years after the affair, North spoke to the BBC's Panorama. Matt Pintus has been through the interview for Witness History. Eyewitness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Oliver North in full military uniform on his first day of testimony at the Iran Contra hearings. Credit: Getty Images) In 1986, Oliver North was accused of orchestrating the illegal sale of weapons to Iran The Iran-Contra affair was a scandal that went right to the heart of the White House. It became known as one of the most controversial political scandals in modern US history. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Iraqi Journalist Who Hurled His Shoes At George Bush	20240607	20240608 (WS)	In 2008, Iraqi journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest at America's occupation of Iraq. George W Bush had been giving a joint press conference in Baghdad with Iraqi prime minister Nouri al-Maliki at the time. He was in his final months as president as Barack Obama was due to take over. As he threw the first shoe, Muntadhar yelled: “Here is your goodbye kiss, you dog. He tells Vicky Farncombe how he prepared for the moment and what happened to him next. (Photo: President Bush ducks after Muntadhar al-Zaidi threw a shoe. Credit: Reuters) Iraqi journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi threw his shoes at the President of the United States TV journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi threw his shoes at President George W Bush in 2008 to protest against the occupation of Iraq.
	The Irish Priest Who Built An Airport	20260120	20260121 (WS)	In May 1986, a new airport opened in Knock in the west of Ireland. It was the dream of an Irish priest, Monsignor James Horan, who raised millions to have it built. The location for the airport seemed impossible – set in the boggy, foggy hills of rural County Mayo. However, Knock attracts more than a million pilgrims every year, who come to visit the supposed site of an apparition by the Virgin Mary and other saints. So, Horan convinced politicians that this remote western landscape could host a gateway to the world, and service the pilgrims who come to visit the shrine of Knock. Pearce Concannon was working at the local Knock Shrine when the airport opened and remembers when Horan asked him to quit his job and become a firefighter at his new airport. He speaks to Colm Flynn. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Monsignor James Horan in front of the first plane to arrive at the airport. Credit: Ireland West Airport) The story of how a priest raised millions to open an airport at Knock in Ireland The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1986, Monsignor James Horan raised millions to open an airport in the foggy hills of rural County Mayo, in the west of Ireland. In 1986, a priest raised millions to open an airport at Knock in Ireland [LISTEN NOW]
	The Irish Shopworkers Strike Against Apartheid	20240612	20240613 (WS)	In 1984, a 21-year-old Irish shopworker refused to serve a customer buying two South African grapefruits. Mary Manning was suspended from the Dunnes store in Dublin, and ten of her colleagues walked out alongside her in protest. It was the start of a strike that lasted almost three years, and ended when Ireland became the first western country to impose a complete ban of South African imports. Why did Mary do it? In 1984, she and her colleagues were part of the Irish workers' union, IDATU, which had told its members not to sell items from South Africa. At the time the 11 strikers knew little about apartheid – South Africa's system of racial segregation - but they soon learnt. Their protest would lead to them addressing the United Nations, winning praise from Bishop Desmond Tutu, and meeting with Nelson Mandela. Mary tells Jane Wilkinson about what drove the strikers to continue despite little initial support. (Photo: Strikers outside Dunnes store in Dublin in 1985. Credit: Derek Speirs) In 1984, 11 Dunnes store workers walked out after refusing to handle South African goods In 1984, 11 workers walked out of the Dunnes store in Dublin after refusing to handle South African goods. It was the start of a three year strike against apartheid.
	The Japanese Invasion Of Malaya	20260225	20260226 (WS)	On 8 December 1941, Japanese troops landed in northern Malaya marking the start of the second world war in the Pacific. Invasion forces moved quickly down the British colony – which is now called Malaysia - capturing Singapore in just 55 days. Their occupation ended on 15 August 1945, when Japan surrendered to the allies after the US had dropped two atomic bombs. Dorothy Variyan, who lived under Japanese rule for more than three years in south west Malaya, speaks to Jacqueline Paine. This programme contains archive which uses outdated and offensive language. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Members of an Australian anti-tank gun crew fire weapons at a Type-95 Japanese tank on a road temporarily blocked by a felled tree, outside Singapore, British Malaya, April 1942. Credit: Office of War Information/PhotoQuest/Getty Images) On 8 December 1941, thousands of Japanese troops landed on beaches near Kota Bharu The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 8 December 1941, shortly after midnight, more than five thousand Japanese troops landed on the beaches near Kota Bharu in northern Malaya. [LISTEN NOW]
	The 'jugroom Fort' Rescue Mission	20260202	20260203 (WS)	In 2007, four Royal Marines strapped themselves to the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan, in an audacious mission to rescue a fallen comrade. Lance Corporal Mathew Ford was part of a unit which had attacked Jugroom Fort - a major Taliban command and control centre in Helmand province, but he was left behind after a frantic withdrawal. Volunteers put themselves forward for a risky rescue attempt, which would become legendary in military circles. Captain Chris Fraser-Perry was a 19 year-old British Royal Marine who took part in the mission. He speaks to Kevin Core. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Captain Dave Rigg (l) and Captain Chris Fraser-Perry strapped to an Apache helicopter, Afghanistan 2007. Credit: Sgt Gary Stanton) In 2007, four Marines were strapped to the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2007, four Royal Marines strapped themselves to the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan in an attempt to bring back a fallen comrade. In 2007, four British servicemen perched on the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan, in an audacious mission to rescue a fallen comrade. In 2007, British forces staged a daring rescue from a Taliban stronghold in Afghanistan In 2007, four British servicemen perched on the wings of an Apache helicopter in Afghanistan, in an attempt to bring back a fallen comrade. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Juliet Letters	20240214	20240215 (WS)	The Juliet Club is in Verona, Italy, a place known throughout the world as being the city of love. The club has been replying to mail addressed to Shakespeare's tragic heroine, Juliet since the early 1990s. The story of the Juliet letters started in the 1930s when the guardian of what is known as Juliet's tomb began gathering the first letters people left at the grave and answering them. The task was taken on by the Juliet Club which was founded by Giulio Tamassia in 1972. His daughter, Giovanna, tells Gill Kearsley that thousands of love letters from around the world are each given a personal response. (Photo: Letters to the Juliet Club. Credit: Leonello Bertolucci/Getty Images) Since the 1990s the Juliet Club has answered letters to the Shakespearian heroine Each year thousands of letters addressed to Shakespeare's heroine, Juliet arrive in Verona. The Juliet Club has been answering those letters since the 1990s.
	The Kaohsiung Incident	20260129	20260130 (WS)	On 10 December 1979, pro-democracy activists clashed with police in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The incident, which happened during Taiwan's martial law period, paved the way for the transition to democracy. Rachel Naylor speaks to Yao Chia-wen, who was jailed for 12 years for his involvement. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The Kaohsiung Incident on 10 December 1979. Credit: AP Photo / Yueh-Kang Pan) The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Khmer Rouge Take Power In Cambodia	20250416	20250417 (WS)	In April 1975 the four-year rule of the brutal Khmer Rouge began in Cambodia. Up to two million people are thought to have died - many summarily executed, or starved to death in the communist regime. In 2013, Mike Langan spoke to Youk Chhang, who was just 14-years-old when the Khmer Rouge swept to power. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, Credit: PRESSENS BILD/AFP via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there It's 50 years since the communist Khmer Rouge took power in Cambodia, up to two million people are thought to have died in their four-year rule. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Killing Of Cecil The Lion	20250701	20250702 (WS)	In 2015, a much-loved lion was killed in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter. Black-maned Cecil was one of the star attractions at Hwange National Park. He was baited outside the park and shot with a bow. American dentist Walter Palmer, who reportedly paid a local guide $50,000 to shoot Cecil, was widely condemned. He said he didn't know Cecil was a known local favourite and had relied on the expertise of a local professional guide to carry out a legal hunt. He was cleared of any wrongdoing but the killing became international news and sparked a global debate about trophy hunting and its role in conservation. Prof Andrew Loveridge, who had been tracking Cecil for the Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, tells Vicky Farncombe about the moment he was told the lion had died. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Cecil the lion. Credit: Brent Stapelkamp) In 2015, Cecil, a much-loved lion, was shot in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2015, Cecil, a much-loved lion, was shot in Zimbabwe by an American trophy hunter. It sparked a global debate about trophy hunting and its role in conservation. [LISTEN NOW]
	The L'amicale Four	20260317	20260318 (WS)	In 1999, a fire at the L'Amicale gambling house in Port Louis, Mauritius, killed seven people. The fire began during riots that followed a disputed football final between the Catholic Fire Brigade and the Muslim supported Scouts Club. Police arrested dozens of suspects, and four men were later convicted of arson and murder. They became known as the L'Amicale Four. Years later, a group of senior lawyers reviewed the case and found major gaps in the original investigation, raising new questions about what really happened. Katie Harris hears from Imran Sumodhee, one of the L'Amicale Four. A CTVC production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Picture: A crowd of supporters for the L'Amical Four. Credit: l'express) A Mauritian man jailed for two decades shares his story of what happened in Port Louis The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1999, seven people died in a fire at the L'Amicale gaming house in Port Louis, Mauritius. Four men were convicted of arson amid claims of coercion and a flawed investigation. In 1999, seven people died in a fire at the L'Amicale gaming house in Port Louis, Mauritius. The blaze occurred during riots ignited at the Mauritian Football League Final. Following the arson attack, police arrested forty people and secured coerced confessions, leading to the wrongful conviction of four men, who became known as the L'Amicale four. Their fight for justice saw their sentences reduced and they were released in 2018. Khaleel Sumodhee, one of the L'Amicale four, speaks to Katie Harris about his ordeal. This was a CTVC production. In 1999, seven people died in a fire in Mauritius. Four men were wrongly convicted In 1999, seven people died in a fire at the L'Amicale gaming house in Port Louis, Mauritius. Four men were wrongly convicted. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Last Eruption Of Mount Vesuvius	20240315	20240316 (WS)	The Mount Vesuvius eruption that buried Pompeii in 79AD is well known, but far fewer people know about the last time the volcano erupted in 1944. It was World War Two, and families in southern Italy had already lived through a German invasion, air bombardment, and surrender to the Allies. And then at 16:30 on 18 March, Vesuvius erupted. The sky filled with violent explosions of rock and ash, and burning lava flowed down the slopes, devastating villages. By the time it was over, 11 days later, 26 people had died and about 12,000 people were forced to leave their homes. Angelina Formisano, who was nine, was among those evacuated from the village of San Sebastiano. She's been speaking to Jane Wilkinson about being in the path of an erupting volcano. (Photo: Vesuvius erupting in March 1944. Credit: Keystone/Getty Images) Vesuvius is famous for burying Pompeii but it last erupted in 1944, during World War Two Mount Vesuvius is famous for destroying Pompeii in 79AD but it last erupted in 1944, during World War Two. Rock and ash filled the sky, and a flow of hot lava destroyed homes.
	The Last Ever Olympic Art Competition	20240813	20240814 (WS)	From 1912 until 1948, you could win medals in art at the Olympic Games, in categories such as architecture, literature, music, painting and sculpture. At the London Games in 1948, Canadian composer John Weinzweig won a silver medal for his composition, Divertimento for Flute and Strings. Rachel Naylor speaks to his son, Daniel Weinzweig. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: John Weinzeig. Credit: Frank Lennon / Toronto Star via Getty Images) At the London Games in 1948, Canadian composer John Weinzeig won a silver medal for his composition, Divertimento for Flute and Strings. Rachel Naylor speaks to his son, Daniel Weinzeig.
	The Launch Of Windows 95	20250124	20250125 (WS)	In August 1995, Microsoft released a new operating system - Windows 95 – following one of the computer industry's biggest and most expensive marketing campaigns. Queues formed outside shops at midnight as people around the world waited to be among the first to buy it. The new software was designed to be more user friendly, easier to understand and aimed at ordinary people not professional programmers. Connecting to the internet was also more straightforward. More than 40 million CD Rom copies were sold in the first year, introducing a boom in personal computers at home. Sarah Leary who demonstrated the software on launch day – alongside Microsoft chairman Bill Gates and US talk show host Jay Leno – talks to Jane Wilkinson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Windows 95. Credit: Bill Nation/Sygma via Getty Images) In 1995 Microsoft released a new operating system after a $300 million marketing campaign In 1995, Microsoft released the new Windows 95 operating system after a $300 million marketing campaign. People queued outside shops waiting to be among the first to buy it. (Photo: Bill Gates at the Windows 95 launch. Credit: Bill Nation/Sygma via Getty Images) [LISTEN NOW]
	The Legacy Of The Pirate Bay	20250529	20250530 (WS)	On 31 May 2006, police launched one of the largest raids in Swedish history, seizing servers from The Pirate Bay - a hugely popular but highly controversial file-sharing website. Co-founder Peter Sunde managed to copy a backup meaning the site could relaunch just days later. He became a folk hero among internet users who relied on the platform for free access to pirated films and music. Sunde and his fellow founders were eventually jailed for assisting in the unauthorised distribution of copyrighted content. He's been speaking to Maddy Savage about The Pirate Bay's battle with Hollywood and the global music industry. A PodLit production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Peter Sunde speaking to reporters outside court in Stockholm during his trial. Credit: Jonathan Nackstrand/AFP via Getty Images) In 2006 police raided the popular but controversial file-sharing website The Pirate Bay The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Pirate Bay was a hugely popular but controversial file-sharing website based in Sweden, where users accessed pirated music and films for free. In 2006 it was raided by police. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Liberation Of Auschwitz	20260127	20260128 (WS)	On 27 January 1945, prisoners at the Nazis' largest death camp were freed by the Soviet Union's Red Army. General Vasily Petrenko commanded one of the four units that liberated Auschwitz. The Nazis murdered 1.1 million people at Auschwitz-Birkenau between 1941 and 1945. Almost a million were Jews, 70,000 were Polish prisoners, 21,000 Roma, 15,000 Soviet prisoners of war and and an unknown number of gay men. It was one of six death camps the Nazis built in occupied Poland in 1942, and it was by far the biggest. Vicky Farncombe produced this episode using an interview General Vasily Petrenko gave to the BBC's Russian Service in 2001. He died in 2003. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Auschwitz survivors watch the arrival of Soviet troops come to free them. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images) General Vasily Petrenko freed prisoners at the Nazi death camp The story of our times, told by the people who were there An archive interview with General Vasily Petrenko, one of the Red Army commanders who freed prisoners at the Nazi death camp. The Nazis murdered 1.1 million people at Auschwitz-Birkenau between 1941 and 1945. Almost a million were Jews, 70,000 were Polish prisoners, 21,000 Roma, 15,000 Soviet prisoners of war and an unknown number of gay men. In 1945, General Vasily Petrenko freed prisoners at the Nazi death camp [LISTEN NOW]
	The Longest Musical Composition	20251231	20260101 (WS)	On 31 December 1999, a piece of music started playing in a lighthouse in East London. It's called Longplayer, and it's set to keep going, without repeating, until the year 2999. It was created by Jem Finer from The Pogues, using 234 Tibetan singing bowls. Megan Jones has been to meet Jem Finer, to find out why he wanted to create a one thousand year long musical composition. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In 1999, Longplayer started playing and it will continue, without repeating, until 2999 The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 31 December 1999, a piece of music started playing in a lighthouse in East London. It's called Longplayer, and it's set to keep going, without repeating, until the year 2999. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Longest Plane Hijacking In Latin America	20241004	20241005 (WS)	In 1973, two men pretending to be Colombian guerrillas took a plane and flew across Latin America for 60 hours. It was the longest hijacking of an aircraft in the region. The SAM Airlines plane stopped in countries that included Aruba, Peru, and Paraguay, making its last landing in Argentina, where local authorities were surprised to see the hijackers had vanished. Former flight attendant Edilma Perez was one of the employees who volunteered to relieve the original crew on the second day of the hijacking. She tells Stefania Gozzer why she made such a risky decision. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: An air hostess carries food aboard the hijacked Colombian SAM plane during a refuelling stop in Lima. Credit: AP) In 1973, two men pretending to be Colombian guerrillas hijacked a plane for 60 hours In 1973, two men pretending to be Colombian guerrillas hijacked a plane and flew across Latin America for 60 hours. It was the longest hijacking of an aircraft in the region. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Lost Czech Scrolls	20240228	20240229 (WS)	On 7 February 1964, an unusual delivery was made to a synagogue in London. More than 1,500 Torah scrolls, lost since the end of World War Two, were arriving from Czechoslovakia. The sacred Jewish texts had belonged to communities destroyed by the Nazis. Alex Strangwayes-Booth talks to 91-year-old Philippa Bernard about the emotional charge of that day. A CTVC production for the BBC World Service. (Photo: Philippa beside the scrolls in Westminster Synagogue. Credit: BBC) The Torah scrolls stolen by the Nazis, rescued by an English Jewish community How over 1,500 Torah scrolls stolen by the Nazis from Jewish communities were rescued and restored. On 5 February 1964, an unusual delivery was made to a synagogue in London. More than 1,500 Torah scrolls, lost since the end of World War Two, were arriving from Czechoslovakia. The sacred Jewish texts had belonged to communities destroyed by the Nazis. Alex Strangwayes-Booth talks to Philippa Bernard about the emotional charge of that day. A CTVC production for the BBC Radio 4. The Torah scrolls stolen by the Nazis, rescued by a London Jewish community Witness History hears the tale of the Torah scrolls stolen by the Nazis and rescued by a group from a London synagogue over 20 years later
	The Making Of The Third Man: A Film Noir Classic	20250828	20250829 (WS)	In 1948, filming began on a post-war thriller that would become one of the greatest British movies of all time. Directed by Sir Carol Reed, the film captured the atmosphere of a divided, ruined Vienna. But much of its lasting power lies with Orson Welles, whose magnetic, menacing turn as Harry Lime stole the show - despite his limited screen time and reputation for being famously hard to pin down. Phil Jones speaks to production assistant Angela Allen about the film that became legend. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Orson Welles, Harry Lime, in a publicity still for The Third Man. Credit: John Springer Collection / CORBIS / Corbis via Getty Images) In 1948, filming began in Austria on one of the greatest British films of all time The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1948, filming began on a post-war thriller that would become one of the greatest British films of all time. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Man Who Invented The Scratch Card	20251024	20251025 (WS)	In May 1974, scratch cards went on sale for the first time in the US State of Massachusetts. Free giveaway and coupon games from stores had been commonplace across the USA during the 1950s and 60s – but players could easily cheat. The mathematician John Koza was hired to make the games more secure; he succeeded in making the modern-day scratch card. He's told Johnny I'Anson how he convinced the state-run lotteries to use his invention to offer cash prizes. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The original scratch card. Credit: Massachusetts State Lottery) In 1974 the chance to win instant cash went on sale for the first time The story of our times, told by the people who were there The story of how American mathematician and computer programmer John Koza created a new way of gambling. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Man Who Invented The Seat Belt	20240402	20240403 (WS)	In 1958, the late Swedish engineer Nils Bohlin invented the three-point safety belt for cars. It's estimated to have saved more than one million lives around the world. In 2022, Nils's stepson Gunnar Ornmark told Rachel Naylor about the inventor's legacy. (Photo: Nils Bohlin modelling his invention. Credit: Volvo Cars Group) In 1958, Swedish engineer Nils Bohlin invented the three-point safety belt for cars
	The Man Who Said 'no' To Disney	20250711	20250712 (WS)	In 1941, Walt Disney made a tempting offer to a fellow pioneer of the animation industry, Quirino Cristiani, the author of the first animated feature film. Cristiani was an Italian immigrant raised in Argentina who built a career creating animated political satires in the early days of cinema. He authored full-length movies that he drew entirely on his own, sketching and cutting thousands of figures that he tied with thread to facilitate motion. Quirino's technique was rudimentary, but impressive enough to prompt Disney to propose that he join his staff. Hector Cristiani, Quirino's grandson, tells Stefania Gozzer why his grandfather declined the offer, and what happened to most of his work. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal ; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Quirino Cristiani. Credit: Family archive) In 1941, Walt Disney made an offer to Quirino Cristiani in Buenos Aires, Argentina The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Man Who Smuggled Punk Rock Across The Berlin Wall	20240729	20240730 (WS)	In 1983, punk rock was strictly forbidden in East Berlin. However, that didn't stop young music obsessive Mark Reeder, from Manchester in the UK, smuggling cassettes, and then a punk band across the Berlin Wall. Mark shares how he arranged for the West German band, Die Toten Hosen, to perform illegally at a secret concert in a church. This episode was produced by Paul Hanford and Rosalie Delaney. A Munck Studios production for the BBC World Service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Members of the band Die Toten Hosen and friends in East Berlin in 1983. Credit: Mark Reeder) How punk rock band Die Toten Hosen secretly played a concert in East Berlin In 1983, a man from the UK secretly took punk rock music recordings across the Berlin Wall. Mark Reeder organised a secret concert for the band Die Toten Hosen in East Berlin.
	The Milltown Cemetery Attack	20250127	20250128 (WS)	On 16 March 1988, loyalist paramilitary Michael Stone killed three mourners and injured 60 others attending a funeral for IRA members killed in Gibraltar. The so-called Gibraltar Three had been shot dead by the British Army and brought home to Belfast to be buried in the city's Catholic Milltown Cemetery. American journalist Bill Buzenberg, who was covering the funeral for National Public Radio in the US, was knocked off his feet in the gun and grenade attack. He shares his memories with Maggie Ayre. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: People help a wounded person in Milltown Cemetery after the attack at the funeral for three IRA members. Credit: Bernard Bisson/Sygma via Getty Images) In 1988, during the Troubles in Northern Ireland, three people were killed at a funeral On 16 March 1988, three people were killed and 60 injured at Milltown Cemetery in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The attack took place during the funeral of three IRA members. American journalist Bill Buzenberg, who was covering the funeral for National Public Radio in the US, was knocked off his feet in the explosion. He shares his memories with Maggie Ayre. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Missing People Of Cyprus	20240718	20240719 (WS)	Between 1963 and 1974, more than 2,000 people in Cyprus went missing during clashes, a coup and the Turkish invasion. Only about half of them have been found. Rachel Naylor speaks to Nick Neokleous, the President of the Organisation of Relatives of Missing Cypriots, whose brother, Pavlos, went missing in 1974. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A Cypriot woman holds a picture of her relatives, who went missing in 1974. Credit: Laura Boushnak via Getty Images)
	The Mont Blanc Tunnel		20260212 20260213 (WS)	In July 1965, a 12km tunnel dug deep beneath the Alps was opened to traffic, making it the longest vehicular tunnel in the world. Linking France and Italy, the Mont Blanc Tunnel was a remarkable feat of engineering. Franco Cuaz, a consultant on the project and the tunnel's first operations manager, spoke to Mike Lanchin in 2017 about the risks and challenges of the ambitious project. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The Mont Blanc Tunnel. Credit: AFP via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Mont Blanc Tunnel	20260211	20260212 (WS)	In July 1965, a 12km tunnel dug deep beneath the Alps was opened to traffic, making it the longest vehicular tunnel in the world. Linking France and Italy, the Mont Blanc Tunnel was a remarkable feat of engineering. Franco Cuaz, a consultant on the project and the tunnel's first operations manager, spoke to Mike Lanchin in 2017 about the risks and challenges of the ambitious project. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The Mont Blanc Tunnel. Credit: AFP via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Mumbai Attacks	20231124	20231125 (WS)	On 26 November 2008, 10 gunmen from the Pakistan-based militant group Lashkar-e-Tayyiba carried out coordinated attacks on Mumbai's busiest hotspots including the Taj and Oberoi hotels, a train station, hospital, and Jewish community centre. One hundred and sixty-six people were murdered in the attacks, which lasted for three days. The city was locked down as police searched for the gunmen. Only one, Mohammed Ajmal Kasab, was captured alive by police. He was sentenced to death and executed in 2012. Dan Hardoon speaks to Devika Rotawan and Arun Jadhav, who came face to face with the militants. (Photo: Buildings under attack. Credit:Getty Images) In 2008, 10 gunmen killed more than 100 people in Mumbai's busiest hot spots On 26 November 2008, 166 people died and hundreds more were injured. Ten gunmen targeted prominent locations in different parts of Mumbai, India.
	The Murder Of Maurizio Gucci	20250122	20250123 (WS)	On 27 March 1995, fashion heir Maurizio Gucci was shot dead outside his office in Milan, Italy. Five people, including his ex-wife, Patrizia Reggiani, and her clairvoyant, were jailed in connection with his murder. The media called it the 'trial of the century'. Rachel Naylor speaks to Carmine Gallo, the police officer who cracked the case. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Carmine Gallo arresting Patrizia Reggiani, who's wearing his jacket, in 1997. Credit: PA) On 27 March 1995, the former head of the fashion house was shot dead in Milan, Italy [LISTEN NOW]
	The Mysterious Death Of Pablo Neruda	20231220	20231221 (WS)	In late 1973, Chile was in turmoil. General Augusto Pinochet had led a military coup deposing the socialist president Salvador Allende who was now dead. The army was rounding up leftists; torturing, imprisoning and killing them. In the capital Santiago, the country's best-known poet Pablo Neruda was lying in a hospital bed. He was 69 and had cancer. As a prominent member of the Communist Party his life was in danger. He had to get out. With him was his driver and personal assistant Manuel Araya who spoke to Gideon Long. (Photo : The poet in 1963. Credit: Angelo Cozzi/Mondadori/Getty Images) In 1973, the poet and prominent communist tried to flee persecution in Chile In 1973, poet and prominent communist Pablo Neruda attempted to escape Chile as leftists were rounded up and killed.
	The Mystery Of Evita's Corpse	20250708	20250709 (WS)	When Eva Peron, Argentina's most famous First Lady, died in 1952, her body was embalmed. Three years later, her widower, Juan Peron, was deposed in a coup. But military officers feared her corpse would become a rallying point of protest against the new government. So they stole it. Over the next few decades, Evita's body was stored in several different places in several different countries, inspiring wild stories about its supernatural powers. In 2013, Linda Pressly spoke to Domingo Tellechea, the art restorer charged with repairing the embalmed body. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Evita's body returned from Italy. Credit: Keystone/Getty Images) In 1955 the Argentine military stole the body of the revered former first lady, Eva Peron The story of our times, told by the people who were there When Eva Peron, Argentina's First Lady, died in 1952, her body was embalmed. But the military feared her corpse would focus protest against the new government. So they stole it. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Mystery Of France's Lost King	20240109	20240110 (WS)	The fate of Louis-Charles, son of the last king of France, was for years shrouded in rumour. The little boy was said to have died in prison in 1795. But for years, rumours spread that he had been swapped with an imposter. It wasn't until a team of scientists took DNA samples from the heart of the imprisoned boy in 2000 that the mystery could be laid to rest. In 2021, Prof Jean Jacques Cassiman and historian Deborah Cadbury told Claire Bowes about the extraordinary tale. (Photo: Drawing of Louis-Charles being separated from his mother Marie Antoinette in 1793. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images) The fate of Louis-Charles, imprisoned in 1795, was for years shrouded in rumour In 2000, scientists set out to solve a 200-year-old mystery about the lost French King Louis XVII.
	The Mystery Of Raoul Wallenberg	20250109	20250110 (WS)	Raoul Wallenberg, a Swedish diplomat, saved thousands of Hungarian Jews from the Nazis during World War Two. Once Soviet troops reached Budapest, Wallenberg reported to Soviet officials on 17 January 1945. But he was never seen in public again. Rumours of his fate have circled ever since: a Soviet government report said he died of a heart attack in prison, while former officials said he was executed, and prisoners claimed to have seen him decades later. There is still a campaign to uncover what happened to him. Alex Last made this programme in 2015 using archive recordings. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Raoul Wallenberg in 1937. Credit: Keystone/Getty Images) The Swedish diplomat saved thousands of Hungarian Jews during World War Two Raoul Wallenberg, a Swedish diplomat, saved thousands of Hungarian Jews from the Nazis during World War Two. But, he was taken into Soviet custody in January 1945 and disappeared. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Nellie Massacre	20250225	20250226 (WS)	The Nellie massacre on 18 February 1983 was the worst bloodshed in the country since Indian independence in 1947. It is estimated that 3,000 people died that day. Bedabrata Lahkar was a journalist working for the Assam Tribune newspaper at the time. He tells Gill Kearsley about the events that led up to the massacre and the devastating scenes he witnessed. A warning this programme contains descriptions of violence and language that some people may find offensive. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Survivors of the 1983 Assam massacre. Credit: Santosh Basak/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) In 1983, an estimated 3,000 people were massacred in Assam, India The story of our times, told by the people who were there On the 18 February 1983, an estimated 3,000 people died in Assam, India. The Nellie massacre was the worst bloodshed in the country since Indian independence in 1947. [LISTEN NOW]
	The 'night Of Broken Glass' In Germany	20240821	20240822 (WS)	In November 1938, the Nazis organised a night of terror against Jews in Germany. Windows of homes, businesses and synagogues were broken. Kurt Salomon Maier was 8 years old, living with his Jewish family in Kippenheim, Germany. He survived what became known as Kristallnacht or ‘the night of broken glass' and escaped to the United States. 94-year-old Kurt Salomon Maier speaks to James Jackson. This is a Whistledown production for the BBC World Service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Businesses and properties owned by Jews were the target of vicious Nazi mobs during a night of vandalism. Credit: Bettmann/CORBIS/Bettmann Archive) In 1938, the Nazis launched a violent anti-Jewish attack, known as Kristallnacht In November 1938, the Nazis launched an attack, breaking the windows of Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues. It's often called Kristallnacht or ‘the night of broken glass'.
	The Nuclear Mango Deal	20260316	20260317 (WS)	On 2 March 2006, the United States and India finalised a controversial nuclear deal, ending India's three decades of international isolation over its nuclear policy. Sweetening the deal, President George W Bush and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh announced cooperative agreements not just on nuclear power but also on the import of Indian mangoes. Surya Elango speaks to Ronen Sen, the former Indian ambassador to the US. (Photo: President George W Bush and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on 2 March 2006. Credit: Jim Young via Reuters) Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. On 2 March 2006, India and the United States finalised a controversial nuclear deal The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Only Pope To Visit New Zealand	20260324	20260325 (WS)	In November 1986, Pope John Paul II visited New Zealand as part of his longest ever world tour. He gave an open air mass at Auckland Domain in front of thousands of people. He remains the only Pope to have visited the country. Jen Dale speaks to Michael Jarka who was in the crowd and performed as part of a Polish cultural dance group for the pontiff. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Pope John Paul II kisses the ground upon his arrival in Auckland airport. Credit: Jean-Claude Delmas/AFP via Getty Images ) In November 1986, Pope John Paul II visited New Zealand as part of a six nations tour The story of our times, told by the people who were there In November 1986, Pope John Paul II gave an open air mass in Auckland Domain in New Zealand as part of a six nations tour. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Opening Of The Medellin Metro	20250626	20250627 (WS)	When the Medellin Metro opened in 1995, the Colombian city had recently been called the “murder capital of the world ? due to the high homicide rate caused by Pablo Escobar's drug wars. The network has grown to include a large cable car network which stretches to the neighbourhoods built into the sides of mountains that surround Medellin. It has helped transform the city into a tourist hot-spot – something unimaginable 30 years ago. Tim O'Callaghan has been speaking to Tomas Andreas Elejalde, who is the general manager of the Metro. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The metro cable above the city of Medellin. Credit: RAUL ARBOLEDA/AFP via Getty Images) How a train system helped transform the murder capital of the world in 2015 The story of our times, told by the people who were there The opening of the Medellin Metro in 1995 came at a time when the city in Colombia was one of the most dangerous places in the world. How a train system helped to transform the murder capital of the world [LISTEN NOW]
	The Origin Of World Book Day	20250418	20250419 (WS)	In November 1995, a proposal of having an annual day focused on celebrating books was put forward at the UNESCO conference in Paris. The idea came from a long-established Spanish celebration ‘The Day of Books and Roses'. The first World Book Day was on 23 April 1996. Although some countries now celebrate World Book Day on different dates, it's marked on 23 April in the majority of countries. Pere Vicens is a book publisher from Barcelona in Spain and one of the creators of World Book Day. He tells Gill Kearsley the origins of this now annual event. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: World Book Day in Spain. Credit: John MIlner/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images) 23 April 1996, saw the first World Book Day. It originated from a Spanish tradition The story of our times, told by the people who were there The first World Book Day was in 1996. The idea came from a long-established Spanish celebration ‘The Day of Books and Roses'. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Pakistan Mountain Massacre	20241111	20241112 (WS)	In 2013, 11 people were shot dead in base camp of the Nanga Parbat mountain in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan. The gunmen were associated with the Pakistani Taliban and the group were set up to target foreigners. It was the worst attack on tourists in Pakistan in a decade. Polish mountaineer Aleksandra Dzik, aged 30, was there that night, at camp two, and speaks to Megan Jones. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Nanga Parbat base camp. Credit: Aleksandra Dzik) In 2013, 11 people were killed by members of a militant group at Nanga Parbat base camp In 2013, members of a militant group killed 11 people at the base camp of the Nanga Parbat mountain in Pakistan. 30-year-old Polish climber Aleksandra Dzik was on the mountain that night, at camp two, and speaks to Megan Jones. Members of a militant group killed 11 people at the base camp of the Nanga Parbat mountain in Pakistan in 2013. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Pakistani Teens Who Became Disco Superstars	20231108	20231109 (WS)	In the 1980s, a brother and sister from Pakistan topped the charts in countries all over the world with their dancefloor filler, Disco Deewane. Nazia and Zoheb Hassan were the first teenagers ever to make a hit record in India. Zoheb tells Vicky Farncombe about their rise to fame. (Photo: Nazia and Zoheb Hassan. Credit: BBC) How Nazia and Zoheb Hassan changed South-East Asian pop with their album, Disco Deewane Brother and sister singing duo, Nazia and Zoheb Hassan, broke records with their debut album, Disco Deewane.
	The Paris Climate Agreement	20251212	20251213 (WS)	On 12 December 2015, nearly 200 countries adopted the Paris climate agreement. It legally committed countries to climate action plans, designed to stop global temperatures rising 2C above pre-industrial levels. Those commitments have influenced government policy and people's lives ever since. Christiana Figueres was head of climate negotiations at the conference. She speaks to Ben Henderson about the drama behind the scenes, including bomb threats and a last-minute change that nearly derailed the entire agreement. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Christiana Figueres celebrates after the adoption of the Paris Climate Agreement. Credit: Francois Guillot/AFP via Getty Images) In 2015, nearly 200 countries adopted the Paris climate agreement The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 12 December 2015, nearly 200 countries adopted the Paris climate agreement. It legally committed countries to tackle climate change. On 12 December 2015, 193 countries and the European Union adopted the Paris climate agreement. It legally committed countries to climate action plans, designed to stop global temperatures rising 2C above pre-industrial levels. Those commitments have influenced government policy and people's lives ever since. In 2015, 193 countries and the European Union adopted the Paris climate agreement On 12 December 2015, 193 countries and the European Union adopted the Paris climate agreement. It legally committed countries to tackle climate change. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Paris Heatwave	20231123	20231124 (WS)	In August 2003 Europe was hit by the hottest heatwave for hundreds of years. Tens of thousands of people died. Not built to withstand two weeks of extreme heat, Paris turned into a death trap for its most vulnerable citizens. The temperature reached 40C. Many elderly people died in their apartments alone. The government was criticised for its handling of the crisis. The head of the national health authority resigned shortly after the end of the heatwave. Emergency doctor, Patrick Pelloux, who was working at St Antoine Hospital in Paris, tells George Crafer what he encountered. (Photo: Paris looking hot. Credit: Getty Images) In 2003, Paris was overwhelmed by the hottest European heatwave for 500 years Thousands died in the first two weeks of August 2003 during a devastating European heatwave. There were so many dead in Paris that the mortuaries there were overwhelmed.
	The Photo Which Symbolised Argentina's Resistance	20260218	20260219 (WS)	Adriana Lestido, an Argentinian newspaper photographer captured a mother and her young daughter raising their arms in protest in 1982. With clenched fists and anguished faces, they were wearing white handkerchiefs tied around their heads representing the struggle for justice for the disappeared during Argentina's military dictatorship. The photo became a symbol of the resistance and is still used today. It embodies the spirit of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo who would meet once a week demanding the return of their loved ones. Adriana Lestido speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about capturing that iconic black and white picture. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Adriana Lestido's Madre y Hija from 1982. Credit: Adriana Lestido) Adriana Lestido captured a mother and her daughter raising their arms in protest in 1982 The story of our times, told by the people who were there Argentinian newspaper photographer Adriana Lestido captured a mother and her young daughter raising their arms in protest in 1982. It became a symbol of the resistance. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Pioneering Eye Surgery That Led To Lasik	20240508	20240509 (WS)	In 1963, Dr Jose Ignacio Barraquer Moner performed the first surgery on a human eye aimed at correcting short-sightedness. The ophthalmologist had been developing his technique for years, believing that there was a better solution for blurry vision than wearing glasses. But he had to move from Spain to Colombia to begin his experimental surgery which involved dry ice, a watchmaker's lathe and rabbits. The idea was to change the shape of the cornea – the front layer of the eye - to focus vision. First, he sliced off the patient's cornea then dunked it in liquid nitrogen, before using a miniature lathe to carve the frozen cornea into the right shape. Next, he thawed the disc and sewed it back on. Jose's initial surgery was performed on rabbits, but in 1963 he carried out the first procedure on a human patient, a 9 year old girl. It was a success, and soon doctors from around the world were flocking to Colombia to find out more. Barraquer called this procedure keratomileusis, from the Greek words for “carving ? and “cornea. ? The technique was the forerunner of Lasik eye surgery when the lathe was replaced with lasers. Jose's daughter, Carmen Barraquer Coll followed her father into ophthalmology and tells Jane Wilkinson, how he inspired her. (Photo: Lasik eye surgery in 2009. Credit: BSIP/UIG Via Getty Images) In 1963, Dr Jose Barraquer Moner performed the first eye surgery to fix short-sightedness In 1963, Dr Jose Ignacio Barraquer Moner performed the first surgery on a human eye aimed at correcting short-sightedness. His technique was the forerunner of Lasik eye surgery.
	The Playboy Spy Who Inspired James Bond	20260220	20260221 (WS)	During the 1940s, a playboy spy became one of wartime's most successful double agents, as well as the reported inspiration behind James Bond. A gambler and womanizer who spoke several languages, Dusko Popov was approached by a friend working for the Abwehr, Germany's military intelligence. But Dusko was vehemently anti-Nazi. He went straight to the British and volunteered his services, adopting the codename 'Agent Tricycle'. Intelligence officers then created realistic - but false - information for Dusko to pass back to his Nazi spymaster. And it was during this time, that Dusko's path crossed with a British naval intelligence officer called Ian Fleming, later the creator of James Bond. Jane Wilkinson has been through the BBC archives to find out more. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Dusko Popov. Credit: AFP via Getty Images) Dusko Popov was one of WW2's most successful double agents, inspiring the fictional 007 The story of our times, told by the people who were there Dusko Popov became one of WW2's most successful double agents, and the reported inspiration behind James Bond. While recruited by the Nazis, he secretly worked for the Allies. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Purple Heart Battalion	20241211	20241212 (WS)	During World War Two, a Japanese American battalion became one of the most decorated army units in US military history. The 442nd Regimental Combat Unit earned more than 4,000 Purple Hearts and seven Presidential Unit Citations for extraordinary heroism in battle. The unit was set up in 1943, just over a year after Japan bombed the US naval base at Pearl Harbour. Following the attack, 120,000 Japanese Americans living on the west coast were sent to internment camps, but many were keen to show their loyalty to the US. They volunteered to join the 442nd RCT and fight in Europe. Hundreds of recruits came from the camps, while thousands of others were from the Japanese American community in Hawaii. Among them was 19-year-old Matsuichi Kusatsu. Matsuichi's son Clyde tells Jane Wilkinson about how the unit fought racism and prejudice to prove their loyalty. Clyde, an actor, stars in the BBC World Service drama, Purple Heart Warriors, available to listen wherever you get your podcasts. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Matsuichi Kusatsu in 1944. Credit: family photo) In WW2, a Japanese American troop was one of the most decorated army units in US history In WW2, a Japanese American battalion became one of the most decorated army units in US military history. The 442nd Regimental Combat Team earned more than 4,000 Purple Hearts. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Purple Heart Warriors	20241211	20241212 (WS)	During World War Two, a Japanese American battalion became one of the most decorated army units in US military history. The 442nd Regimental Combat Unit earned more than 4,000 Purple Hearts and seven Presidential Unit Citations for extraordinary heroism in battle. The unit was set up in 1943, just over a year after Japan bombed the US naval base at Pearl Harbor. Following the attack, 120,000 Japanese Americans living on the west coast were sent to internment camps, but many were keen to show their loyalty to the US. They volunteered to join the 442nd RCT and fight in Europe. Hundreds of recruits came from the camps, while thousands of others were from the Japanese American community in Hawaii. Among them was 19-year-old Matsuichi Kusatsu. His son Clyde tells Jane Wilkinson about how the unit fought prejudice to prove their loyalty, and a warning, this story includes racist language of the time. Actor Clyde stars in the BBC World Service drama Purple Heart Warriors. To hear this six-part season search for Dramas, wherever you get your BBC podcasts. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Matsuichi Kusatsu in 1944. Credit: Family photo) In WW2, a Japanese American troop was one of the most decorated army units in US history In WW2, a Japanese American battalion became one of the most decorated army units in US military history. The 442nd Regimental Combat Team earned more than 4,000 Purple Hearts. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Reichstag Fire	20250408	20250409 (WS)	On 27 February 1933, the Reichstag building in Berlin, which was home to the German Parliament, was burned down. This was a key event in the establishment of the Nazi dictatorship. Berlin-born journalist, Sefton Delmer, told his story to the BBC World Service in 1967. He grew up in the city so knew people involved with the Nazi party. This meant he was able to get close to the main people on the night. Delmer walked around the burning building with Hitler and Goring. He recalls their conversations and describes the scene in this fascinating account. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Reichstag fire in 1933. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images) In February 1933, the home to the German Parliament in Berlin was burned down The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Reichstag building in Berlin, which was home to the German Parliament, was burned down in February 1933. This was a key event in the establishment of the Nazi dictatorship. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Release Of Doom	20231208	20231209 (WS)	In December 1993, the release of a new video game captivated gamers around the world. It was called DOOM. Set on a Martian military base overrun by zombified soldiers and demons, DOOM saw players take control of a nameless soldier called ‘The DOOM guy' as he fights the demonic enemies to stop them taking over Earth. The game was released at a time when violence in video games was big news and a topic of discussion in the United States Senate. Kurt Brookes speaks to John Romero, one of the game's developers, and remembers the release of what went on to become one of the most influential games ever. A Made in Manchester production for BBC World Service. (Photo: John Romero. Credit: Made in Manchester) In 1993, a controversial sci-fi video game called DOOM was released In December 1993, a controversial new video game, known for its quick game play, rock soundtrack and gore, was released.
	The Remote Island That Was Evacuated 10,000km Away	20251008	20251009 (WS)	On 10 October 1961, a volcanic eruption threatened the population of Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic, and all 264 islanders were evacuated to the UK. Two years later, the majority voted to return. In an interview she gave to the BBC in 1961, Mary Swain describes what it was like to survive the preceding earthquake and landside and be relocated to the other side of the world. This programme was produced and presented by Rachel Naylor, in collaboration with BBC Archives. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Evacuees from Tristan on board a Dutch liner bound for Cape Town on 21 October 1961. Credit: Central Press / Getty Images) On 10 October 1961, the population of Tristan da Cunha was evacuated to the UK The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 10 October 1961, the population of Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic, was evacuated to the UK, due to the threat of a volcanic eruption [LISTEN NOW]
	The Remote Island That Was Evacuated To 10,000km Away	20251008	20251009 (WS)	On 10 October 1961, a volcanic eruption threatened the population of Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic, and all 264 islanders were evacuated to the UK. Two years later, the majority voted to return. In an interview she gave to the BBC in 1961, Mary Swain describes what it was like to survive the preceding earthquake and landside and be relocated to the other side of the world. Produced and presented by Rachel Naylor, in collaboration with BBC Archives. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Evacuees from Tristan on board a Dutch liner bound for Cape Town on 21 October 1961. Credit: Central Press / Getty Images) On 10 October 1961, the population of Tristan da Cunha was evacuated to the UK The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 10 October 1961, the population of Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic, was evacuated to the UK, due to the threat of a volcanic eruption [LISTEN NOW]
	The Reunification Of Germany	20260323	20260324 (WS)	When the Berlin Wall fell on 9 November 1989, it marked a turning point in the Cold War in Europe and set in motion the process that led to the reunification of East and West Germany. But before that could happen, Chancellor Helmut Kohl, had to address fears about the return of a powerful Germany and convince the four allied powers of France, Russia, the US and the UK - which had occupied Germany following the second world war - to agree to both countries reuniting. After some careful diplomacy and the intervention of the US President, the new Federal Republic of Germany was formed on 3 October 1990, ending 40 years of division. Joachim Bitterlich, a key advisor to Chancellor Kohl, speaks to Jacqueline Paine. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Celebrating German unification, Berlin. Credit: Owen Franken/Corbis via Getty Images) The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 paved the way for East and West Germany to reunite The story of our times, told by the people who were there When the Berlin Wall unexpectedly fell on 9 November 1989 it paved the way for East and West Germany to reunite as one country in less than a year. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Rise And Fall Of Blackberry	20250821	20250822 (WS)	In the early 2000s, BlackBerry was the phone that ruled the world. But within a decade, it collapsed, overtaken by the touch screen revolution. Sam Gruet speaks to former co-CEO Jim Balsillie about BlackBerry's meteoric rise, its battle against Apple, and the moment he knew it was all over. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: BlackBerry phone in 2002. Credit: Rob Homer/Fairfax Media via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Rocket That Revived Brazil's Space Programme	20250317	20250318 (WS)	In 2003, 21 people died when a space rocket exploded at Brazil's Alcantara Launch Centre, three days before its planned flight. It was the country's third – and most serious - rocket failure in six years. But despite the setback, just 14 months later, Brazil revived its space ambitions by successfully launching its first rocket since the tragedy. Jacqueline Paine spoke to engineer Felix Palmerio, who spent decades working on a special project to develop a space rocket in Brazil, and who watched the launch. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Launch of a VSB-30 rocket. Credit: DLR) On 23 October 2004, Brazil launched its first rocket following a devastating accident The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 23 October 2004, Brazil launched its first rocket, following an explosion which killed 21 people. Just fourteen months after the tragedy the space programme was back on track. (Photo: Launch of VSB-30 rocket from Andoya Space Center, Norway in June 2022. Credit: DLR) [LISTEN NOW]
	The Rose Revolution In Georgia	20241015	20241016 (WS)	In November 2003, the people of Georgia ousted veteran president Eduard Shevardnadze. Protestors stormed the parliament building in the capital Tbilisi, holding flowers in their hands. It would become known as the Rose Revolution. In 2011, Nino Zuriashvili, who was one of the protestors, spoke to Damien McGuinness. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A Georgian woman holding flowers smiles as special forces leave without fighting. Credit: Sergey Supinski/AFP via Getty Images) In 2003, demonstrators stormed the parliament building in Tbilisi, holding flowers In 2003, the President of Georgia, Eduard Shevardnadze, was overthrown when demonstrators burst into the parliament building, holding flowers in their hands. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Russian Revolutionaries Nearly Stranded In London	20250728	20250729 (WS)	In 1907, the men who would go on to lead the Russian Revolution met in London for a crucial congress. But the revolutionaries – including Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, and Leon Trotsky – were nearly stranded after running out of funds. The late British journalist Henry Brailsford played a key role in securing their fare home. In 1947, he told the BBC how the meeting marked a point of no return for the party's two warring factions – the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks – and ultimately led to the creation of the communist party. Produced and presented by Vicky Farncombe. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A group of revolutionaries including Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin (centre) and Menshevik leader Julius Martov (on his right). Credit: Getty Images) In 1907, a crucial congress in London set the direction of the Russian revolution. The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Santa Cruz Massacre	20250811	20250812 (WS)	On 12 November 1991, Indonesian troops opened fire on independence activists in East Timor's capital, Dili. During a protest march to the Santa Cruz cemetery after a memorial service for an independence supporter, Indonesian troops opened fire, killing 271 people. In 2015, Marco Silva spoke to British cameraman Max Stahl who filmed the attack on unarmed demonstrators. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The Santa Cruz cemetery. Credit: Giulio Paletta/UCG/Universal Images Group via Getty Images) In 1991, Indonesian troops opened fire on independence activists in East Timor's capital The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 12 November 1991, during a protest following a memorial service for an independence supporter, Indonesian troops opened fire on activists in East Timor's capital, Dili. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Schengen Agreement	20250613	20250614 (WS)	On 14 June 1985, five politicians met on a boat in the town of Schengen, in Luxembourg, to sign an agreement to get rid of border checks between their countries: Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France and West Germany. The Schengen Area now encompasses more than 450 million people and 29 countries in Europe. Rachel Naylor speaks to Robert Goebbels, who was Luxembourg's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and one of the original five signatories. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Catherine Lalumière from France signs the Schengen Agreement, with Robert Goebbels next to her, on the left. Credit: Marcel Mochet / AFP via Getty Images) In 1985, five European politicians agreed to scrap border checks between their countries The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 14 June 1985, five European politicians met on a boat in the town of Schengen, in Luxembourg, to sign an agreement to get rid of border checks between their countries. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Scream: A Stolen Masterpiece	20240410	20240411 (WS)	When Edvard Munch's painting The Scream was stolen in 1994, an undercover operation was launched to get it back. 30 years on from its recovery, hear from the art detective at the centre of the story. In 2013, Charley Hill told Lucy Burns how his task saw him take on a fake identity, rub shoulders with criminals and encounter the Thai kickboxing champion of Scandinavia. (Photo: The Scream on display in Oslo in 2008, after being stolen for a second time. Credit: -/SCANPIX NORWAY/AFP via Getty Images) In 1994, an undercover operation was launched to recover the Scream painting In 1994, an art detective went undercover to retrieve a stolen masterpiece. The Scream by Edvard Munch was taken from a museum in Oslo, Norway.
	The Secretary Who Made Millions From Her Typos	20250925	20250926 (WS)	In the 1950s, secretary Bette Graham from Texas was struggling to cope with her new electric typewriter. “My fingers would hang heavy on the sensitive keyboard and the first thing I'd know, I'd have a mistake with a deposit of carbon which I simply couldn't erase, ? she said. A budding artist, she wondered if there was a way she could paint over her typos. At home, in her kitchen, the single mum cooked up the first correcting fluid. It was a hit with other secretaries and, by 1973, Bette had turned her creation into a multi-million dollar business. Bette died in 1980 so Vicky Farncombe tells her story using archive from University of North Texas Special Collections. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In the 1950s, secretary Bette Graham invented correction fluid to cover up her errors The story of our times, told by the people who were there In the 1950s, secretary and budding artist Bette Graham invented correction fluid to cover up her typing mistakes. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Shah Of Iran's Party	20241106	20241107 (WS)	In 1971, the Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, celebrated 2,500 years of the Persian Empire by throwing a huge three-day party. Trees were planted, birds imported, and a runway built in the middle of the desert with royalty from across the world attending. But the event united opposition parties against the Shah and lost him public credibility. Author and journalist Sally Quinn was “party reporter ? for the Washington Post and covered the event. She speaks to Megan Jones. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. In 1971, the Shah of Iran, celebrated 2,500 years of the Persian Empire The Shah of Iran threw a huge three-day party in 1971 to celebrate 2,500 years of the Persian Empire with royalty from across the world attending. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Shooting Of Jean Charles De Menezes	20250722	20250723 (WS)	On 22 July 2005, an unarmed Brazilian man was shot dead by anti-terrorism police at Stockwell Tube station, in London. Jean Charles de Menezes was shot seven times in the head because he was mistaken for a terror suspect. The killing made headlines all over the world and his family demanded justice. Matt Pintus spoke to Jean Charles' cousin and best friend, Patricia da Silva, in 2022. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A memorial for Jean Charles de Menezes outside Stockwell Tube station. Credit: Oli Scarff / Getty Images) On 22 July 2005, an unarmed Brazilian man was shot dead by police in London The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 22 July 2005, an unarmed Brazilian man was shot dead by anti-terrorism police in London. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Siege Of Yarmouk	20241119		During the early years of Syria's brutal civil war, one neighbourhood close to the Syrian capital, Damascus, bore the brunt of the government's viciousness. During 2013-14, some 18,000 residents of Yarmouk, an area originally set up as a camp for Palestinian refugees, were continually subjected to bombardments from the air, or were shot at by army snipers or hit by mortar-fire. No one was allowed in or out of Yarmouk and many people came close to starvation – surviving only by eating grass, or dead animals. Palestinian musician, Aeham Ahmad, lived in Yarmouk with his family. Known as ‘the Pianist of Yarmouk,' Aeham tells Mike Lanchin about their struggle to survive the siege, and how music helped him overcome some of those dark days. Listeners may find parts of this story distressing. A CTVC production. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	The Signing Of The Treaty Of Versailles	20250619	20250620 (WS)	On 28 June 1919, in the Palace of Versailles in Paris the signing of the Treaty of Versailles took place. It was a peace agreement that marked the end of World War One. The terms of the treaty punished Germany for their involvement in starting the war. British journalist, William Norman Ewer attended the signing. He told his story to the BBC World Service in 1967. He recalls the moment of the signing and the treatment of the German delegates in this fascinating account. Produced and presented by Gill Kearsley. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Treaty of Versailles is signed by Prime Minister Clemenceau. Credit: Photo12/Universal Images Group via Getty Images) The signing of a peace agreement that marked the end of World War One took place in 1919 The story of our times, told by the people who were there On 28 June 1919, the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, a peace agreement that marked the end of World War One took place. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Situation Room Photograph	20240805	20240806 (WS)	Pete Souza was Chief Official White House Photographer during Barack Obama's presidency. His photo from when Bin Laden was killed by US soldiers in 2011 has become one of his most famous. He tells Uma Doraiswamy what that day was like leading up to the moment when he took the photo. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: President Barack Obama, Vice President Joe Biden, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and members of the national security team receive an update on the mission against Osama bin Laden. Credit: Getty Images / Pete Souza, White House) The story behind the Situation Room photograph during the raid to kill Bin Laden in 2011 Pete Souza was Chief Official White House Photographer during Barack Obama's presidency. His photo from when Bin Laden was killed by US soldiers has become one of his most famous.
	The Small Irish Town Known As 'little Brazil'	20240215	20240216 (WS)	Gort in the west of Ireland is known by the nickname ‘Little Brazil' because it's home to so many Brazilians. They first came to Ireland in the late 1990s to work in the town's meat factory. Luciemeire Trinidade was just 24 years old when she and three friends arrived in the town, unable to speak a word of English or Irish. Nearly 25 years later, Luciemeire considers Gort her true home. She tells Vicky Farncombe how being in Ireland changed her outlook on life. “I learned that a woman can have their own life, especially going to the pub alone without their husbands! ? How Gort in the west of Ireland became home to so many Brazilians In the late 1990s, hundreds of out-of-work butchers left their homes in Brazil for a new life in Gort, a small town in the west of Ireland.
	The Soviet Scientist Who Made Two-headed Dogs	20240219	20240220 (WS)	In the 1950s, Soviet scientist Vladimir Demikhov shocks the world with his two-headed dog experiments. He grafts the head and paws of one dog onto the body of another. One of his creations lives for 29 days. He wants to prove the possibilities of transplant surgery, which is a new field of medicine at the time. Consultant cardiothoracic surgeon, Igor Konstantinov, tells Vicky Farncombe the 'difficult emotions' he experiences when he looks at photos of the creatures. This programme includes a description of one of the experiments which some listeners may find upsetting. (Photo: Vladimir Demikhov. Credit: Getty Images) Soviet scientist Vladimir Demikhov shocked the world with his two-headed dog experiments How Soviet scientist Vladimir Demikhov shocked the world with his two-headed dog experiments. He wanted to prove the possibilities of transplant surgery.
	The Spanish King Reclaims His Throne	20251116	20251120 20251120 (WS) 20251121 (WS)	In 1975, the death of General Francisco Franco was announced in Spain, bringing to an end 36 years of dictatorship. Franco had already chosen his successor: Prince Juan Carlos, grandson of the last monarch, Alphonso XIII. This was the man who - Franco thought - would continue his authoritarian, anti-democratic and deeply conservative regime. But Juan Carlos defied expectations. In the years that followed, he would lead Spain from a dictatorship to a democracy until, in 1977, the country held its first free elections for 41 years. Jane Wilkinson tells the story using excerpts from the 1981 BBC and TVE documentary, Juan Carlos: King of Spain. This episode was made in collaboration with BBC Archives. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In 1975 Juan Carlos reclaimed the Spanish throne after 36 years of Franco's dictatorship The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1975 Juan Carlos reclaimed the Spanish throne after 36 years of Franco's dictatorship. Instead of continuing the authoritarian regime, the new king guided Spain to democracy. (Photo: King Juan Carlos on his proclamation day as king. Credit: Jacques Pavlovsky/Sygma via Getty Images) [LISTEN NOW]
	The Spanish King Reclaims His Throne	20251120	20251121 (WS)	In 1975, the death of General Francisco Franco was announced in Spain, bringing to an end 36 years of dictatorship. Franco had already chosen his successor: Prince Juan Carlos, grandson of the last monarch, Alphonso XIII. This was the man who - Franco thought - would continue his authoritarian, anti-democratic and deeply conservative regime. But Juan Carlos defied expectations. In the years that followed, he would lead Spain from a dictatorship to a democracy until, in 1977, the country held its first free elections for 41 years. Jane Wilkinson tells the story using excerpts from the 1981 BBC and TVE documentary, Juan Carlos: King of Spain. This episode was made in collaboration with BBC Archives. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: King Juan Carlos on his proclamation day as king. Credit: Jacques Pavlovsky/Sygma via Getty Images) In 1975 Juan Carlos reclaimed the Spanish throne after 36 years of Franco's dictatorship The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1975 Juan Carlos reclaimed the Spanish throne after 36 years of Franco's dictatorship. Instead of continuing the authoritarian regime, the new king guided Spain to democracy. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Speech That Inspired The Law Of The Sea	20241003	20240814 20240815 (WS) 20241004 (WS)	In November 1967, the Maltese diplomat, Arvid Pardo, addressed the United Nations with a remarkable speech that shaped the laws governing the sea. Pardo's message is immortalised in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which was adopted in 1982, and is now the fundamental legislation governing difficult topics such as deep sea mining. Artemis Irvine spoke to Christina Pardo Menez, Arvid Pardo's daughter, and his friend David Attard. This is a Whistledown production for the BBC World Service. (Photo: Arvid Pardo. Credit: Elisabeth Mann Borgese fonds, Dalhousie University Archives) In November 1967, the Maltese diplomat, Arvid Pardo, gave a historic speech at the UN Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Start Of Scouting	20250922		In the early 1900s, while serving in the British Army, Lord Robert Baden-Powell laid the foundations for what would become one of the largest international youth movements, Scouting. His vision was to create an organisation that would build friendships, experiences, and skills for life. Gill Kearsley used archive to trace the origins of the movement through Baden-Powell's own words. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Start Of Voice Of America	20250714	20250715 (WS)	In March 2025, radio frequencies worldwide stopped carrying Voice of America broadcasts for the first time in 83 years. President Donald Trump's administration had imposed funding cuts on the US Agency for Global Media with the White House accusing the broadcaster of being 'anti-Trump', 'radical' and 'leftist ?. While the cuts are being disputed in courts, Josephine McDermott traces the beginnings of the overseas broadcaster which was designed to counter Nazi propaganda. In the first Voice of America broadcast in February 1942 it promised, “The news may be good or bad; we shall tell you the truth ?. We hear the testimony of Eugene Kern who walked in one day in 1942 to casually ask about a job, and was put to work straight away producing a Finnish programme – unable to speak a word of the language. He says, “It was a wild place. Every week a new language service began ?. By the end of World War Two, Voice of America was broadcasting more than 3,000 programmes in 40 languages every week. This Witness History is produced using the archives of the US Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, and the US National Archives and Records Administration. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal ; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Gene Kern broadcasting in about 1960. Credit: Jonathan Kern) The broadcaster Voice of America was created in 1942 to counter Nazi propaganda The story of our times, told by the people who were there The story of the start of Voice of America - its language services, features and historic news bulletins - using testimony from journalist Eugene Kern who joined in 1942. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Storming Of India's Golden Temple	20240531	20240601 (WS)	It's 40 years since Indian army forces stormed Sikhism's sacred Golden Temple after it was barricaded by Sikh militants. It was a major moment in the history of religious violence in India. In 2010, the BBC's Mark Tully told Claire Bowes what he witnessed – and what he was forbidden from witnessing – of the siege. (Photo: Sikh militants douse flames and throw a tear gas canister back at Indian police. Credit: AFP/Getty) In 1984, one of India's holiest temples came under siege In June 1984, army forces attacked Sikhism's most sacred place, the Golden Temple in India.
	The Storming Of Spain's Parliament	20260223	20260224 (WS)	In February 1981, armed Civil Guards tried to take control of the Spanish parliament. A total of 350 politicians were held hostage for 18 hours in the debating chamber including Joaquin Almunia, a young Socialist MP. In 2021, he spoke to Claire Bowes. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Picture: Colonel Antonio Tejero attempts to take over the Spanish parliament with the Guardia Civil. Credit: Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) Spanish MPs were taken hostage by armed Civil Guards in February 1981 The story of our times, told by the people who were there In February 1981, armed Civil Guards took MPs hostage in Spain's parliamentary chamber in Madrid during a coup attempt. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Story Behind The Movie 'society Of The Snow'	20240213	20240214 (WS)	When a plane carrying a team of young rugby players crashed into the Andes mountains in 1972, search teams soon gave up hope. But two months later, 16 passengers of Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 emerged alive. The events became known as ‘The Miracle of the Andes' and have previously been told in documentaries and a Hollywood film. The current Spanish-language film Society of the Snow is tipped for Oscar success. One horrifying detail continues to fascinate audiences - the starving men were only able to stay alive by eating the bodies of those who died. In 2009, Nando Parrado told Louise Hidalgo about the extraordinary lengths the men went to, to survive. (Photo: Survivors greet a rescue helicopter from the plane wreck. Credit: Sipa/Shutterstock) One man's remarkable story of survival in the Andes mountains How 16 young men survived a plane crash and two months in the freezing Andes by eating the remains of their dead friends.
	The Story Behind The Peter Principle Book	20250910	20250911 (WS)	In 1969 a satirical book, The Peter Principle, suggested promotion led to incompetence. It was written by a Canadian Professor of Education, Dr Laurence J. Peter and playwright Raymond Hull. The book was a parody of management theory, but its core message struck a chord with many: “In a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to his level of incompetence'. It became an instant classic, selling millions of copies around the world. In 2021, Alex Last told the story of how Dr Peter came up with his theory using an archive interview he gave to the BBC in1974. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Dr Laurence J Peter. Credit: AI Dunlop/Toronto Starvia Getty Images) In 1969, a satirical book was published suggesting promotion led to incompetence The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1969 a satirical management book, The Peter Principle, suggested promotion led to incompetence. It was written by a Canadian Professor of Education, Dr Laurence J. Peter. [LISTEN NOW]
	'the Streets Of Harare Were Littered With Money'	20231026	20231027 (WS)	In November 2008, Johns Hopkins University calculated Zimbabwe's year-on-year inflation rate as 89,700,000,000,000,000,000,000% – one of the worst cases of hyperinflation in history. Professor Gift Mugano was a government economist at the time. He tells Vicky Farncombe what it was like to live through those times when wages were worthless and there was no food to buy in the shops. “It was a very painful period. It is a year which one would not want to remember, ? he said. (Photo: Harare shoppers in an almost empty supermaket. Credit: Desmond Kwande/AFP via Getty Images) Professor Gift Mugano describes when Zimbabwe's inflation hit 89.7 sextillion per cent Professor Gift Mugano was an economist in Zimbabwe when the annual inflation rate was 89.7 sextillion per cent.
	The Strike That Shook Up India's Tea Industry	20251001	20251002 (WS)	In September 2015, thousands of women tea pickers went on strike at one of India's biggest tea producers. They had picked more tea than ever that year but were furious that wages remained low and managers were proposing to cut their bonus. Their action was unprecedented, with the low-caste women protesting in the streets for nine days, against both the multinational company employing them and their union. Their sit-in ended only after the government intervened and the women's demands were met. Jacqueline Paine speaks to Rajeshwary, one of the leaders of the group that organised the direct action. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In 2015, thousands of women tea pickers spent nine days protesting about low wages The story of our times, told by the people who were there An unprecedented strike by women plantation workers in southern India in 2015 highlighted their low wages and poor conditions. It only ended after the government intervened. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Sunflower Movement	20241014	20240813 20240814 (WS) 20241015 (WS)	Between 18 March and 10 April 2014, more than 500,000 people in Taipei, Taiwan, protested against a new trade deal with China. It was one of the largest social movements in Taiwanese history. Rachel Naylor speaks to Brian Hioe, one of the demonstrators, who stormed Parliament and occupied it for 23 days. (Photo: Protesters at the rally in Taipei on 30 March 2014. Credit: Lam Yik Fei / Getty Images) In 2014, more than 500,000 Taiwanese people protested against a new trade deal with China Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Protesters at the rally in Taipei on 30 March 2014. Credit: Lam Yik Fei via Getty Images) [LISTEN NOW]
	The Suspicious Death Of Rear Admiral \u0110urovi\u0107	20250326	20250327 (WS)	As Yugoslavia began to break down, the Balkans conflict began - a series of brutal wars characterised by disputes over territory, identity, and ethnic divisions. In 1991, the Croatian War of Independence started – the first of the major wars. One of its defining moments came in October, when the Yugoslav People's Army advanced on the south of the country leading to the Siege of Dubrovnik. One of the Yugoslav People's Army commanders in the region was Rear Admiral Krsto Ā?urović, a Montenegrin who had spent his life working in Croatia, married a Croatian and planned to retire to the country. Attacking Dubrovnik was unthinkable for the Rear Admiral, and he promised the city's major: “As long as I am the commander, not a single shell will fall on Dubrovnik. Shortly afterwards he was killed in a suspicious helicopter crash – his superiors claimed he was shot down, but there were no opposition forces in the area, and Croatian officials denied any part in the crash. There was never an autopsy and no military investigation. Soon after, Miodrag Jokic was appointed Ā?urović's replacement, and a vicious bombing campaign began which would later see Jokic convicted of war crimes. Johnny I'Anson speaks to Montenegrin journalist Veseljko Koprivica, and documentary maker Mladen Ivanovic who say Rear Admiral Ā?urović's refusal to bomb Dubrovnik may have led to his untimely death. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Rear Admiral Ā?urović. Credit: Ā?urović family) In 1991, a Yugoslav People's Army commander died in mysterious circumstances The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1991, a Yugoslav People's Army commander died in mysterious circumstances during the Croatian War of Independence. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Suspicious Death Of Rear Admiral Durovi\u0107	20250326	20250327 (WS)	As Yugoslavia began to break down, the Balkans conflict began - a series of brutal wars characterised by disputes over territory, identity, and ethnic divisions. In 1991, the Croatian War of Independence started – the first of the major wars. One of its defining moments came in October, when the Yugoslav People's Army advanced on the south of the country leading to the Siege of Dubrovnik. One of the Yugoslav People's Army commanders in the region was Rear Admiral Krsto Durović, a Montenegrin who had spent his life working in Croatia, married a Croatian and planned to retire to the country. Attacking Dubrovnik was unthinkable for the Rear Admiral, and he promised the city's major: “As long as I am the commander, not a single shell will fall on Dubrovnik. Shortly afterwards he was killed in a suspicious helicopter crash – his superiors claimed he was shot down, but there were no opposition forces in the area, and Croatian officials denied any part in the crash. There was never an autopsy and no military investigation. Soon after, Miodrag Jokic was appointed Durović's replacement, and a vicious bombing campaign began which would later see Jokic convicted of war crimes. Johnny I'Anson speaks to Montenegrin journalist Veseljko Koprivica, and documentary maker Mladen Ivanovic who say Rear Admiral Ā?urović's refusal to bomb Dubrovnik may have led to his untimely death. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Rear Admiral Durović. Credit: Durović family) In 1991, a Yugoslav People's Army commander died in mysterious circumstances The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1991, a Yugoslav People's Army commander died in mysterious circumstances during the Croatian War of Independence. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Tabasco Floods	20260424	20260425 (WS)	In 2007, the Mexican state of Tabasco experienced its worst flooding in 50 years, with more than a million people being affected. Eighty per cent of the region was under water, with people having to be rescued from the roofs of their homes by boat. The flooding occurred after heavy rain caused rivers in the state to break their banks. Marco Franco worked as an emergency coordinator for the Red Cross during the floods. He speaks to Tim O'Callaghan about his memories of that time. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Residents are rescued from a flooded neighborhood in the state of Tabasco in 2007. Credit: Tomas Bravo/Reuters) The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2007, the Mexican state of Tabasco flooded. Eighty per cent of the region was under water and more than a million people were affected. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Teen Quarrel That Led To Spain's Tomatina	20240826	20240827 (WS)	In 1945, a fight broke out between two groups of teenage boys during a parade in the Spanish town of Buñol in Valencia. The boys ended up throwing tomatoes at each other. They decided to repeat the deed every year on the anniversary of the first fight, defying disapproving looks from older neighbours and even bans by the city council. Eight decades later, their shenanigans have led to one of Spain's most popular and international festivals, as well as the largest tomato fight in the world: the Tomatina. Thousands of people, some of them from faraway countries, travel to the small town, to toss tomatoes to each other for an hour, and dive into a sea of tomato juice. Goltran Zanon is the only one of those boys who is still alive. He told the story to his daughter Maria Jose Zanon, and Valencian history teacher Enric Cuenca Yxeres. They talk to Stefania Gozzer about Goltran's memories of the first Tomatina. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: People throw tomatoes at each other at the Tomatina. Credit: Getty Images) In 1945, a spat between teenage boys was the seed for the world's largest tomato fight In 1945, a spat between two groups of teenage boys in the Spanish town of Buñol was the seed for the world's largest tomato fight: the Tomatina.
	The 'three Marias'	20241204	20241205 (WS)	In May 1974, people gathered in Lisbon, Portugal, to see whether three women would be sent to jail for writing a book. Maria Teresa Horta, Maria Velho da Costa and Maria Isabel Barreno's ‘Novas Cartas Portuguesas' was banned after it was published and they were put on trial. The case of the ‘Three Marias' became famous around the world. Laura Jones listens to an archive interview of Maria Teresa Horta, who is now 87. Archive audio is courtesy of Tommaso Barsali and Riccardo Bargellini, at Valigie Rosse from 2018. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Women in Los Angeles, USA protesting about the 'Three Marias' being on trial in Portugal. Credit: Los Angeles Times/Getty Images) In 1974, a judge decided if three Portuguese women should be jailed for writing a book Maria Teresa Horta, Maria Velho da Costa and Maria Isabel Barreno wrote ‘Novas Cartas Portuguesas' in 1972. It was banned after publication and they became globally famous. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Tragically Hip's Final Gig	20250527	20250528 (WS)	In 2015, rockstar and Canadian icon Gord Downie was given months to live, after doctors found he had a terminal brain tumour. But instead of quietly exiting the stage, Gord and his band, the Tragically Hip, came up with a plan to play 15 shows across 10 of Canada's major cities. Megan Lawton speaks to lead guitarist Rob Baker about the tour and the remarkable final gig that was watched by millions across the country. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Gord and the Tragically Hip performing on their final tour. Credit: Andrew Chin/Getty Images) In 2015 Canadian rockstar Gord Downie was given months to live, he went on one last tour The story of our times, told by the people who were there When Canadian rockstar, and lead singer of The Tragically Hip, Gord Downie was diagnosed with a terminal brain tumour in 2015, he decided to go on one final tour. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Trial Of Soviet Writers Daniel And Sinyavsky	20251015	20251016 (WS)	In 1965, two writers were accused of publishing anti-Soviet material abroad. The arrest of Yuli Daniel and Andrei Sinyavsky was seen as symbolic of the new era in the Soviet Union. The liberal leader Nikita Khrushchev had been ousted in favour of hardliner Leonid Brezhnev, and dissenting political views were being cracked down on. In a moment considered the start of the dissident movement in the Soviet Union, hundreds of protesters demonstrated in Pushkin Square, in Moscow, for the writers to be given an open trial. Vicky Farncombe tells the story using BBC archive and an interview with Yuli Daniel's son, Alexander. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Soviet authors Yuli Daniel (left) and Andrei Sinyavsky sit in prisoners' dock. Credit: Getty Images) How the arrest of two writers sparked the Soviet dissident movement The story of our times, told by the people who were there The trial of writers Yuli Daniel and Andrei Sinyavsky came to symbolise a new era in the Soviet Union. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Truth And Reconciliation Commission Of South Africa	20251211	20251212 (WS)	Following the abolishment of Apartheid in the 1990s, South Africa had to find a way to confront its brutal past without endangering the chance for peace. But it was a challenging process for many survivors of atrocities committed by the former racist regime. Sisi Khampepe served on the Amnesty Committee of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, she spoke to Rebecca Kesby in 2018 about how she had to put aside her own emotions and experiences at the hands of the police, to expose the truth about Apartheid. This programme contains contains harrowing testimony and graphic descriptions of human rights violations throughout. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu at the Reconciliation and Truth commission. Credit: Reuters) When Apartheid was abolished, South Africans had to find a way to confront their past The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The 'turbot War'	20250717	20250718 (WS)	In 1995, an international row broke out between Canada and Spain over fishing quotas. It started with gunfire and ended with a deal. The dispute began after Canada set up restrictions to protect fish stocks, including the turbot. A 320km (200 mile) controlled zone was placed around the country's north Atlantic coast. Fishermen also had to stick to quotas. But, according to Canada, some boats from the European Union were catching far more turbot than had been agreed. As a warning, the coastguard chased off one Spanish trawler, shooting machine gunfire over the bow and arresting the crew. But Spanish officials were furious and denied any wrongdoing. The Turbot War had begun. Brian Tobin was Canada's Minister for Fisheries and Oceans. He tells Jane Wilkinson about the part he played in the dispute. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Picture: Brian Tobin and a turbot. Credit: Jon Levy/AFP via Getty Images) The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1995, an international row broke out between Canada and Spain over fishing quotas. The 'Turbot War' started with gunfire and ended with a deal. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Turtle Freed After 41 Years In Captivity	20260410	20260411 (WS)	In 1984, loggerhead sea turtle Jorge became trapped in fishing nets and was moved to an aquarium in Mendoza. He was kept in captivity for more than 40 years until legal action and a campaign led to the closure of the aquarium and his release in 2025. But, where is he now? Megan Jones asks marine biologist Alejandro Saubidet, who was in charge of his rehabilitation. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Jorge. Credit: Andres Larrovere/via Getty) In 1984, Jorge became trapped and was moved to an aquarium in Argentina The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1984, Jorge became trapped and was moved to an aquarium in Mendoza, in Argentina. He was kept in captivity for 41 years until a campaign led to his release in 2025. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Uk's First Black-owned Music Studio	20251022	20251023 (WS)	Sonny Roberts, a Jamaican carpenter, arrived in Britain in the 1950s. It was a time of racial disharmony, including the Notting Hill riots and the murder of Kelso Cochrane. In this tense atmosphere, black musicians struggled to make a name for themselves. Then in 1961, Roberts set up the UK's first black-owned music studio, Planetone, in a basement in Kilburn. The studio gave the Caribbean community a musical platform. In later years, Roberts produced Nigerian band Nkengas' album, Destruction - one of the earliest examples of Afrobeat in the UK. His 1987 production of Judy Boucher's Can't Be with You Tonight reached number two in the UK Singles Chart, beaten only by Madonna. Roberts laid the foundations for black British music. Ben Henderson speaks to his daughter, Cleon Roberts. This programme contains outdated and offensive language. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Sonny Roberts in 1982. Credit: David Corio/Redferns via Getty Images) In 1961, record producer Sonny Roberts changed the history of British music The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1961, record producer Sonny Roberts set up the UK's first black-owned music studio, Planetone, in a London basement. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Un Retreat From Somalia	20250407	20250408 (WS)	In 1991, a horrific civil war erupted between rival warlords in Somalia. A US-led United Nations mission tried to restore order and provide humanitarian aid. But, the mission ended in an embarrassing withdrawal in 1995 after US helicopters were shot down, as depicted in the film Black Hawk Down. Halima Ismail Ibrahim risked her life to work for the UN mission. She speaks to Ben Henderson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: UN soldier in Mogadishu. Credit: Thielker/ullstein bild via Getty Images) In 1995, a United Nations mission to restore peace in Somalia ended in disaster The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1991, civil war erupted in Somalia. A United Nations mission tried to restore order and provide humanitarian aid. But, in 1995 the mission ended in an embarrassing withdrawal. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Us Invasion Of Panama	20250305	20250306 (WS)	In December 1989, more than 20,000 US soldiers descended on the tiny Central American country of Panama. The Americans sought to remove the country's leader, General Manuel Noriega, who sought refuge from the invading forces with the Papal Ambassador. Noriega was a dictator and had been indicted in Florida over drug trafficking. In 2010, Neal Razzell spoke to Enrique Jelenszky, who assisted communications between the US troops and Noriega. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: A US soldier raises the barbed wire barricade to stop demonstrators from marching towards the Vatican Embassy, where Noriega is seeking asylum/ Credit:REUTERS/Corinne Dufka) In 1989, more than 20,000 US soldiers descended on the tiny Central American country. The story of our times, told by the people who were there More than 20,000 US soldiers invaded Panama on the 20th of December 1989 to remove the country's dictator. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Visionary Behind The European Space Agency	20250321	20250322 (WS)	In October 2012, the founding father of the European Space Agency was honoured when a spacecraft named after him was sent to the international space station. Within the probe – called the Edoardo Amaldi Automated Transfer Vehicle – was a letter which had been written by Edoardo in 1958 detailing his plans for an organisation which would bring together the continent's greatest minds in space science. It was in response to the brain drain Europe was facing in the years prior when its best scientists were flying off to work at NASA. His grandson, Andrea Amaldi, talks to Natasha Fernandes about the moment his grandfather's letter was sent into space and the role he played in translating it on behalf of the visionary behind the European Space Agency. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: ESA's ATV-3, Edoardo Amaldi, blasts off on March 23, 2012 from the European space centre at Kourou, French Guiana. Credit: JODY AMIET/AFP via Getty Images) In October 2012, a visionary letter about the European Space Agency was sent into space The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The War In The Woods	20260422	20260423 (WS)	In 1993, plans to log one of Canada's ancient rainforests sparked the country's largest act of civil disobedience. Known as the war in the woods, for months, protesters blocked a remote logging road on Vancouver Island, leading to more than a thousand arrests. Megan Lawton speaks to one of the protests organisers Tzeporah Berman, who aged 23, was arrested and charged with 857 criminal counts. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Protesters sat disrupting the loggers. Credit: Jacob Sutton/Getty Images) In 1993, rainforest logging plans sparked Canada's largest act of civil disobedience The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	The Whisky War: Denmark V Canada	20240301	20240302 (WS)	In 1984, a diplomatic dispute broke out between Canada and Denmark over the ownership of a tiny island in the Arctic. The fight for Hans Island off the coast of Greenland became known as the Whisky War. Both sides would leave a bottle of alcohol for the enemies after raising their national flag. What could be the friendliest territorial dispute in history came to an end in 2022, with the agreement held up as an example of how diplomacy should work. Janice Fryett hears from Tom Hoyem and Alan Kessel, politicians on either side of the bloodless war. A Made in Manchester Production for the BBC World Service. (Photo: Tom Hoyem with a Danish flag on Hans Island. Credit: Niels Henriksen) Beginning in 1984, a dispute over an island was marked by geniality, and bottles of booze What could be the friendliest territorial dispute in history was sparked in 1984 when both Canada and Denmark claimed ownership of a tiny island.
	The Woman Born In A Prisoner Of War Camp	20250610	20250611 (WS)	After the Sino-Indian war in 1962, around 3,000 men, women and children were incarcerated in a disused World War Two prisoner of war camp. Indians of Chinese descent were sent there having fallen prey to government suspicion following the war which only lasted a few weeks. Joy Ma was born in the camp in Deoli, Rajasthan, and spent the first four years of her life there with her family. She speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about her family's story. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Joy with her mother Effa Ma. Credit: Joy Ma) The Sino-Indian war in 1962, left a lasting legacy on Indian families of Chinese descent The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Sino-Indian war in 1962, lasted only a few weeks, but its impact was profound. Around 3,000 men, women and children were incarcerated in a disused prisoner of war camp. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Woman Who Saved 2,500 Children From The Warsaw Ghetto	20241107	20241108 (WS)	Irena Sendler was a Polish social worker who risked her life to save 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw ghetto during World War Two. Irena, a Catholic, was able to enter the ghetto because of her job. She was soon smuggling in food, medicine and clothing; and smuggling out children. And, as a member of the Zegota underground resistance movement, she recruited others to help. Some children were hidden in suitcases, potato sacks, and even inside coffins. Others escaped through sewers. In 1943, Irena was caught and tortured by the Gestapo but her supporters bribed a guard and she was released. Irena continued her work under a false name until the end of the war. In 1965, she was given one of Israel's highest honours for non-Jews: the title of Righteous among the Nations. She died in 2008 at the age of 98. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. Polish aid worker Irena Sendler saved 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw ghetto in WW2 Polish social worker Irena Sendler saved 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw ghetto during World War Two. Children were smuggled out in suitcases, potato sacks and even coffins. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Woman Who Spoke To The Space Station	20240830	20240831 (WS)	Amateur radio enthusiast Maggie Iaquinto spent a year trying to make contact with Russian cosmonauts on the Mir space station using special equipment. It took careful planning as she had to know when they were orbiting past her house in Australia and what frequency they'd be on. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Maggie relayed crucial information to cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev. Maggie's son Ben Iaquinto speaks to Megan Jones. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Margaret Iaquinto. Credit: Benjamin Iaquinto) Maggie Iaquinto was the first amateur radio enthusiast to contact Russian cosmonauts In 1990, amateur radio enthusiast Maggie Iaquinto made history by speaking with Russian cosmonauts on the Mir space station. She used special equipment from her home in Australia.
	The Woman Whose Weather Report Changed The Date Of D-day	20240605	20240606 (WS)	In 1944, a young Irishwoman called Maureen Flavin drew up a weather report that helped change the course of World War Two. Maureen was working at a post office in Blacksod on the far west coast of Ireland. Her duties included recording rainfall, wind speeds, temperature and air pressure. On 3 June, she sent one of her hourly reports to Dublin, unaware that the figures were being passed on to the Allied headquarters in England. It was the first indication of bad weather heading towards the coast of France - and it was a huge blow. Hundreds of thousands of British, American and Canadian servicemen had already gathered for the most ambitious operation of the war, the assault of the Normandy beaches on 5 June. But after reading Maureen's report, chief meteorologist Group Captain James Stagg advised a delay of 24 hours. US General, Dwight Eisenhower, gave the order, and D-Day was finally launched on 6 June, 1944. A date that went down in history. Maureen's son Edward tells Jane Wilkinson about the family's pride in their mother. (Photo: Maureen Flavin Sweeney. Credit: Sweeney family photo) Maureen Flavin's weather report forecast a storm and changed the course of WW2 history Maureen Flavin's weather report predicted a storm that changed the course of WW2 history. Her forecast was the first indication of bad weather and led the Allies to delay D-Day.
	The Wonder Woman Of Dc Comics	20250402	20250325 20250326 (WS) 20250403 (WS)	In 1976, Jenette Kahn took on one of the biggest roles in comic books - publisher of DC Comics, home to superheroes like Superman, Batman and Wonder Woman. She was only 28, and the first female boss. Her first mission was to change the company name. For decades it had been known as National Periodical Publications but, with sales stalling, Jenette reverted back to the original name: DC Comics. It wasn't her only shake-up. The illustrator Milton Glaser created a new logo, and rules were brought in to make sure artists kept the rights to their own characters and ideas. The changes worked, bringing in more comic titles, new characters and a wider readership Jenette was later promoted to president of the company, and then editor in chief, eventually leaving in 2002. By the time she left the staff had grown from 35 people to 250, half of whom were women. With movie excerpts from the Warner Brothers films: Superman (Dir: Richard Donner, 1978), Batman Forever (Dir: Joel Schumacher, 1995) and Wonder Woman (Dir: Patty Jenkins, 2017). Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: The Justice League of America superheroes, DC Comics. Credit: ABC Photo Archives/Disney General Entertainment Content via Getty Images) In 1976 Jenette Kahn became the first female head of DC Comics, home of the superheroes The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1976, Jenette Kahn began one of the biggest roles in comic books - publisher of DC Comics, home to Superman, Batman and Wonder Woman. She was only 28 and the first female boss. The changes worked, bringing in more comic titles, new characters and a wider readership. Jenette was later promoted to president of the company, and then editor-in-chief, eventually leaving in 2002. By the time she left, the staff had grown from 35 people to 250, half of whom were women. Jenette tells her story to Jane Wilkinson. With movie trailer excerpts from the Warner Brothers films: Superman (Dir: Richard Donner, 1978), Batman Forever (Dir: Joel Schumacher, 1995) and Wonder Woman (Dir: Patty Jenkins, 2017). [LISTEN NOW] [LISTEN NOW]
	The World's First General Purpose Electronic Computer	20241009	20241010 (WS)	In 1946, one of the world's first electronic computers was unveiled in Philadelphia, in the USA. It was called the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, or ENIAC, and was initially designed to do calculations for ballistics trajectories. It was programmed by six female mathematicians. Rachel Naylor speaks to Gini Mauchly Calcerano, whose dad John Mauchly co-designed it, and whose mum, Kay McNulty, was one of the programmers. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Computer operators programming the ENIAC. Credit: Corbis via Getty Images) In 1946, one of the world's first electronic computers was unveiled in the USA. [LISTEN NOW]
	The World's First Labradoodle	20230418	20231025 (WS)	In 1989, Australian dog breeder Wally Conron was tasked with finding a suitable dog for a blind woman in Hawaii whose husband was allergic to pet hair. By breeding together a poodle and a Labrador, he inadvertently created the world's first ever labradoodle. More than three decades on, Wally believes he created Frankenstein's monster. He has been sharing his memories of Sultan the labradoodle with George Crafer. (Photo: Wally Conron with Sultan the first ever labradoodle. Credit: Getty Images) In 1989, Wally Conron created the world's first labradoodle In 1989, Australian dog breeder Wally Conron created the world's first labradoodle. More than three decades on, he believes he created Frankenstein's monster.
	The World's First Lesbian Couple To Get Married	20240108	20240109 (WS)	On 1 April 2001, the Netherlands became the first country in the world to legalise gay marriage. Four couples were chosen to take part in a collective wedding at midnight that was broadcast on TV. Hélène Faasen and Anne-Marie Thus tell Dan Hardoon about the wedding they thought they'd never have. (Photo: The four happy couples cut the cake. Credit: Marcel Antonisse/ANP/AFP/Getty Images) In 2001, the Netherlands became the first country to legalise gay marriage In 2001, the Netherlands was the first country in the world to legalise gay marriage. A collective wedding at midnight televised the first unions. Four couples were chosen to take part in a collective wedding at midnight which was broadcast on TV.
	The World's First Perfume Archive	20260427	20260428 (WS)	On 26 April 1990, the world's first perfume archive opened in Versailles, France. The idea behind L'Osmothèque was to create a collection of scents and preserve their memory. Perfumer Jean Claude Ellena was one of the team who created it. He speaks to Jen Dale about how L'Osmothèque was founded and how perfumes from previous centuries, that no longer existed, were re-created. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Image: Perfume bottles at L'Osmothèque, Versailles. Credit: L'Osmothèque) In 1990, L'Osmoth\u00e8que opened in Versailles, France with a collection of 400 perfumes The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1990, the world's first perfume archive opened in Versailles, France. L'Osmothèque opened with an initial collection of 400 perfumes including scents that are centuries old. [LISTEN NOW]
	The World's Largest Model Train Set	20250603	20250604 (WS)	In 2000, nightclub owners and twins Frederik and Gerrit Braun went from the neon lights of a Hamburg nightclub to building the world's largest model trainset. Miniatur Wunderland is now a top tourist destination and global attraction visited by millions, including celebrities like Adele and Sir Rod Stewart. Frederik and Gerrit Braun tell Megan Jones where this crazy idea came from. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Frederik and Gerrit during the construction of the airport section. Credit: Frederik and Gerrit Braun / Miniatur Wunderland Hamburg) In 2000, twins Frederik and Gerrit started building Miniatur Wunderland The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2000, twins Frederik and Gerrit Braun started building Miniatur Wunderland, which is now a world-famous destination visited by celebrities like Adele and Sir Rod Stewart. [LISTEN NOW]
	The World's Longest Kiss	20250217	20250218 (WS)	In 2013, Guinness World Records deactivated the record for the longest kiss after 15 years, saying it had become too dangerous and some of the rules conflicted with their current updated policies. It means Thai couple Ekkachai, and his wife Laksana, still hold the title, after first breaking it in 2011, with a time of 46 hours and 24 minutes, then again in 2013 with 58 hours and 35 minutes. The couple are no longer together but Ekkachai looks back at breaking the records with Megan Jones. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Thai couple kiss during a competition. Credit: Pornchai Kittiwongsakul/AFP via Getty Images) In 2013, a Thai couple locked lips for 58 hours and 35 minutes in a world record attempt The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2013, a Thai couple kissed for more than 58 hours as part of a world record attempt, but the competition was then deactivated for being 'too dangerous'. [LISTEN NOW]
	The Writer Of Mary Poppins	20240827	20240828 (WS)	In 1964, the Disney film 'Mary Poppins' was released. It was based on the character created by writer PL Travers. Travers disliked the Oscar-winning Disney production so much, that she never allowed any more Mary Poppins books to be adapted into films. In this episode, first broadcast in 2018, Vincent Dowd spoke to Brian Sibley and Kitty Travers about their memories of PL Travers. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke in the film Mary Poppins. Credit: LMPC / Contributor) It's 60 years since the Disney film was released, based on writer PL Travers's book PL Travers published her first book about Mary Poppins in 1934. Three decades later, it was turned into a Disney film, featuring Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke.
	The Ww2 Escape Line That Fooled The Nazis	20240212	20240213 (WS)	In 1940 a daring rescue operation began to help Allied servicemen escape from Nazi-occupied France. French resistance fighter Roland Lepers was among those who guided stranded Allied soldiers and airmen to neutral Spain during World War Two. The 1,000 km route became known as the Pat O'Leary Escape Line - or the Pat Line. It's estimated 7,000 Allied personnel escaped through this route and similar escape lines, thanks to a network of people who clothed, fed and hid them. Peter Janes was one of those British servicemen. Roland's daughter Christine and Peter's son Keith, speak to Jane Wilkinson about their fathers' adventures. (Photo: German-controlled checkpoint in France, 1940. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images) In 1940 a rescue operation helped Allied servicemen escape from Nazi-occupied France In 1940 a daring World War Two rescue operation began to help Allied servicemen escape from Nazi-occupied France. The 1000 km route became known as the Pat O'Leary Escape Line.
	Theodosia Okoh: Designer Of Ghana's Flag	20231011	20231012 (WS)	In March 1957, Ghana became the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to gain independence and a new flag was unveiled marking a fresh start for the former British colony known as the Gold Coast. The woman behind the design was Theodosia Okoh, an artist and former teacher who won a government competition for a new emblem which would signify the end of British rule. Her flag had red, gold and green horizontal stripes with a black star in the centre and it replaced the symbol of an elephant encircled in front of a palm tree below the Union Jack. Theodosia's son Kwasi Okoh was a young boy at the time of independence, he speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma about the inspiration behind his mother's creation. (Photo: Ghanaian football fans with the flag at the 2006 World Cup. Credit Joerg Koch/DDP/AFP via Getty Images) Ghana's independence in 1957 was marked with a new flag designed by Theodosia Okoh In 1957, Ghana became the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to gain independence. The unveiling of a new flag marked a fresh start for Ghana. It was designed by Theodosia Okoh.
	Thich Quang Duc: Buddhist Monk Who Set Himself On Fire	20241127		In June 1963, a Vietnamese Buddhist monk died after setting himself on fire in protest against the Catholic South Vietnamese government. Malcolm Brown's photograph of Thich Quang Duc's burning body became one of the most famous images of the 20th century. Sister Chan Khong witnessed the protest. She spoke to Lucy Burns in 2013. Some listeners may find this programme disturbing. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	Thousands Of Danish Brains In Plastic Buckets	20231205	20231206 (WS)	In 1945, two Danish scientists opened an institute to study mental illnesses. In the four decades until it closed, almost 10,000 brains were collected from dead psychiatric patients and stored in plastic buckets. However, they were removed during autopsies without seeking permission from relatives. Following much debate in the 1990s, it was decided they should be used for research. Now based in the University of Southern Denmark, the collection is believed to be the world's largest brain bank. Scientists hope it can help our understanding of mental illness and brain disease. Adrienne Murray speaks to pathologist and caretaker of the brains, Martin Wirenfeldt Nielsen. (Photo: Brains stored in plastic buckets at the University of Southern Denmark. Credit: BBC) In 1945, a collection that would amass 9,479 brains was started Two scientists collected almost 10,000 brains from dead patients at psychiatric hospitals across Denmark. It is thought to be the largest collection of its kind.
	Tortured In Iran's Evin Prison	20240117	20240118 (WS)	In June 2009, millions of Iranians took to the streets to protest against what they considered a rigged presidential election. The hardline incumbent Mahmoud Ahmadinejad won 62% of the vote. All three defeated candidates disputed the results. The protests gave rise to the 'Green Movement', named after its signature colour, which opposed Ahmadinejad. Journalist Maziar Bahari was accused of being a Western spy and spent 118 days being interrogated in Iran's Evin Prison. He tells Dan Hardoon about the torture he endured. (Photo: Maziar Bahari in 2015. Credit: Slaven Vlasic/Getty Images) Protests after Iran's 2009 election caused one man to be interrogated for 118 days The 2009 Iranian election sparked months of protests. One man spent 118 days being interrogated. He was accused of spying.
	Toxic Shock Syndrome And Tampon Safety	20260217	20260218 (WS)	In 1980, toxic shock syndrome (TSS) emerged as a public health crisis among women who used tampons. There were hundreds of cases, and The Centers for Disease Control linked deaths from TSS to super-absorbent tampons. The Food and Drug Administration responded by assembling a ‘Tampon Task Force' in 1982 to develop safety standards. A researcher called Nancy King Reame was recruited to run the independent laboratory testing. Her work helped establish the first national absorbency standards for tampons. Golda Arthur speaks to Nancy King Reame. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Tampons. Credit: Getty Images) In the 1980s, deaths were linked to super-absorbent tampons The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1982, a 'tampon task force' was set up to develop safety standards, following the emergence of toxic shock syndrome. [LISTEN NOW]
	Toy Story: The First Digitally-animated Feature Film	20251124	20251125 (WS)	Released in 1995, this buddy movie about a cowboy doll and a toy astronaut was the first to use entirely computer-generated images. The story, about a group of toys who come alive when humans are not around, appealed to audiences around the world. In 2017, animator Doug Sweetland spoke to Ashley Byrne about his work on the Pixar film. This was a Made in Manchester production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Woody and Buzz Lightyear toy figures. Credit: Getty Images/Oli Scarff) The box-office hit started a shift away from hand-drawn cartoons The story of our times, told by the people who were there The box-office hit started a trend that took the animation industry away from traditional hand-drawn cartoons and into using computer-generated images. [LISTEN NOW]
	Tracey Emin's Unmade Bed	20260107	20260108 (WS)	In 1999, Dame Tracey Emin's unmade bed was nominated for Britain's prestigious Turner art prize opening up conversations about how we define art. The installation titled, My Bed, was Dame Tracey's bed surrounded by empty bottles and detritus. Dame Tracey said: “It's like a time capsule of a woman from the '90s. ? After eventually losing out on the Turner prize, she sold her piece for $200,000. She says: “The bed itself has become a national treasure of sorts ?. Natasha Fernandes uses Dame Tracey's 2024 interview with BBC 100 Women to tell the story of her famous artwork. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Tracey Emin sat next to her unmade bed in 2014. Credit: Niklas Halle'n/AFP via Getty Images) In 1999, Dame Tracey Emin's unmade bed was nominated for the prestigious Turner art prize The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1999, Dame Tracey Emin's unmade bed was nominated for the prestigious Turner art prize opening up conversations about how we define art. [LISTEN NOW]
	Trans Murder In Honduras	20240221	20240222 (WS)	In June 2009, transgender sex worker and activist Vicky Hernandez was murdered in the Honduran city of San Pedro Sula. The killers were never identified or punished, but in 2021 the Inter-American Human Rights Court found the Honduran state responsible for the crime. It ordered the government to enact new laws to prevent discrimination and violence against LGBT people. Mike Lanchin has been hearing from Claudia Spelman, a trans activist and friend of Vicky, and the American human rights lawyer Angelita Baeyens. A CTVC production for BBC World Service. (Photo: LGBT protestor holds a sign saying “Late Justice is not Justice ?. Credit: Wendell Escoto/AFP/Getty Images) The 2009 murder of Vicky Hernandez forced recognition of transgender rights in Honduras The 2009 murder of Vicky Hernandez forced the Honduran government to start recognising transgender rights.
	'tripperburgen' The Sexual Health Clinics That Detained Women	20250616	20250617 (WS)	After the Second World War, in what was then East Germany, or the German Democratic Republic (GDR), tens of thousands of women and girls were forcibly detained and abused in sexual health clinics. In 1977, at the age of 15, Sabine was at a house party in Leipzig when police came for her. She was taken to a so-called ‘Tripperburgen' which translates to ‘gonorrhoea castle'. After 31 days she was told to leave. Research shows at least 10 of these wards existed in the GDR and 70% of the women had not been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease. Sabine tells Megan Jones about what happened to her, including being subjected to her first ever gynaecological exam. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Tripperburgen at Riebeckstraße 63. Credit: Fotozentrum Leipzig) In 1977, in the former East Germany, tens of thousands of women and girls were abused The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1977, in what was then East Germany or the German Democratic Republic (GDR), tens of thousands of women and girls were forcibly detained and abused. After the Second World War, in what was then the German Democratic Republic, tens of thousands of women and girls were forcibly detained and abused in sexual health clinics. (Photo: Tripperburgen at Riebeckstr. 63 in Leipzig. Credit: Fotozentrum Leipzig.) After the Second World War, in the German Democratic Republic, thousands were abused [LISTEN NOW]
	Triumph Of The Will: A Nazi Propaganda Film	20260309	20260310 (WS)	In 1934, one of the most controversial propaganda movies ever made - Triumph of the Will – was filmed at the Nazis' Nuremberg rally. The two-hour picture was directed by Leni Riefenstahl, once described as Adolf Hitler's favourite filmmaker. Over four days, scenes of military marches, speeches, and parades were shot from dramatic angles. Long-focus lenses recorded close-ups of the crowds, and cameras filmed from moving cars. But, while to some Riefenstahl was an artistic genius, to many others, she glorified a regime that would go on to be responsible for the death of millions. And for portraying a genocidal dictator as a god-like saviour. Jane Wilkinson has been through the BBC archives to find out more. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Leni Riefenstahl filming in Nuremberg, 1934. Credit: Corbis/Corbis via Getty Images) In 1934 one of the most controversial propaganda movies ever made was filmed at Nuremberg The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Tsunami Devastates Samoa	20231214	20231218 20231215 (WS) 20231219 (WS)	On 29 September 2009, a devastating tsunami hit Samoa, killing 149 people and leaving a trail of destruction. For Lumepa Hald it was a terrifying day which resulted in a tragic loss. She tells her story to Gill Kearsley. (Photo: The devastation in Samoa after the tsunami in 2009. Credit: Phil Walter/Getty Images) In 2009 a tsunami killed 149 people. Lumepa Hald tells the story of destruction and loss 149 people were killed when a tsunami hit Samoa in 2009. For Lumepa Hald it was a terrifying day which resulted in a tragic loss.
	Turkey: Gezi Park Protests	20231027	20231028 (WS)	In 2013, environmental protests in Gezi Park, Istanbul led to civil unrest across Turkey. For one protestor, a post he made on social media led to a dramatic outcome. Memet Ali Alabora, was an activist and a famous actor in Turkey. He tells his story to Gill Kearsley. (Photo: Protestors construct a barricade in Istanbul. Credit: Ayman Oghanna/Getty Images) In 2013 protests in Istanbul's Gezi Park led to civil unrest across Turkey Environmental protests in Gezi Park, Istanbul led to civil unrest across Turkey in 2013. For one man a social media post about the protests led to a dramatic outcome.
	Ukraine's 'museum Of Corruption'	20240502	20240503 (WS)	In February 2014, Ukraine's ousted president, Viktor Yanukovych fled the country. His estate was abandoned by security guards, so for the first time ordinary people got to see inside Mezhyhirya, the extraordinarily extravagant home of the former president. Denys Tarakhkotelyk was one of those early visitors, and went on to take charge of the estate. He tells Gill Kearsley his remarkable story, and how the house became known as a ‘museum of corruption'. (Photo: People wander around President Viktor Yanukovych's Mezhyhirya estate. Credit: Jeff J Mitchell/Getty Images) Ordinary people saw inside the home of Ukraine's ousted president in February 2014 The story of how, in February 2014, ordinary people got to see inside Mezhyhirya, the extraordinarily extravagant home of Ukraine's former president.
	Uruguay V The Tobacco Giant	20240304	20240305 (WS)	Uruguay was one of the first countries in the world to introduce anti-smoking laws. But in 2010, the tobacco giant Philip Morris took the country to court claiming the measures devalued its investments. The case pitted the right of a country to introduce health policies against the commercial freedoms of a cigarette company. Uruguay's former Public Health Minister María Julia Muñoz tells Grace Livingstone about the significance of the ban and its fallout. (Photo: An anti-tobacco installation in Montevideo, Uruguay. Credit: Pablo La Rosa/Reuters) In 2010, Uruguay was taken to court by a tobacco company for its trailblazing smoking ban When Uruguay introduced a pioneering smoking ban, it was taken to court by tobacco company Philip Morris.
	Usonia: Frank Lloyd Wright's 'utopian' Town	20250606	20250607 (WS)	In 1948, the foundation was laid for a “utopian ? community of houses designed by a man described as America's greatest ever architect. Frank Lloyd Wright had been approached by a group who wanted to create a social collective of affordable homes, on land an hour north of New York city. The group of 47 flat-roofed, open-plan homes became known as Usonia. Roland Reisley, now aged 100, is the last founding member of the community where he still lives. He reveals what it was like to be a client of the famous, but controversial, Frank Lloyd Wright, and explains why Usonia has been the backdrop to a long and happy life. This episode was produced in partnership with BBC Video, and presented by me Jane Wilkinson. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. 1948 saw the start of a utopian town of houses designed by America's great architect. The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1948, the foundation was laid for a “utopian ? town designed by America's greatest architect. Frank Lloyd Wright's mission was to create a social collective of affordable homes. This episode was produced in partnership with BBC Video, and presented by Jane Wilkinson. (Photo: Roland Reisley's home, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. Credit AP Photo/Ed Bailey) 1948 saw the start of a utopian town of houses designed by America's greatest architect [LISTEN NOW]
	Vatican Citizen Emanuela Orlandi Disappears	20231214	20231215 (WS)	In 1983, the disappearance of a teenage girl who was a citizen of Vatican City led to a scandal. When Pope John Paul II made a public appeal to the people holding Emanuela Orlandi captive, the world took notice and her case was treated as a suspected kidnapping. Forty years on, the reason she vanished is still unclear. Emanuela's brother, Pietro Orlandi, speaks to Daniel Gordon about his life-long mission to find out what really happened to his sister. (Photo: A protester holds a photo of Emanuela. Credit: Stefano Montesi/Corbis/Getty Images) In 1983, a suspected kidnapping led to scandal A missing schoolgirl from the Vatican led to a scandal in 1983.
	Ve Day Celebrations	20250508		The end of the Second World War in Europe came on 8 May 1945, after more than five years of conflict. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill announced that people could allow themselves 'a brief period of rejoicing'. Crowds in their thousands gathered outside Whitehall and Buckingham Palace. BBC correspondents, including Richard Dimbleby, capture the scenes of joy across the city - from the East End to Piccadilly Circus. This programme was produced by Simon Watts using material from the BBC Archives recorded on VE Day in 1945. It was first broadcast in 2020. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. [LISTEN NOW]
	Vidkun Quisling: Norway's Traitor	20240122		In December 1939, fascist Norwegian politician Vidkun Quisling travelled to Berlin from Oslo for a secret meeting with Adolf Hitler. Quisling suggested to Hitler that the British were planning to move into Norway for their own strategic needs. Norway hadn't been a concern for the Nazis but the meeting alarmed Hitler and within months Germany started its invasion of Norway. From that moment, Quisling was consigned into history as a traitor. So much so that in the time since, his name has become a byword for traitor in numerous languages. Matt Pintus hears from Norwegian journalist, Trude Lorentzen, who decided to study Quisling's life after stumbling across his suitcase in an online auction. As part of her voyage of discovery, Trude interviewed Quisling's Jewish neighbour Leif Grusd who was forced to flee to Sweden when the Nazis took over Norway. Leif Grusd's interview was translated from the NRK podcast 'Quislings koffert' - Quisling's suitcase - released in 2021. It was made by production company Svarttrost for NRK.
	Vivian Maier: Secret Street Photographer	20250523	20250524 (WS)	It is only since Vivian Maier's death in 2009 that the 150,000 photographs she rarely showed to anyone have come to light. Working as a nanny in the suburbs of Chicago in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s, she captured extraordinary street scenes on a Rolleiflex camera. But she did not always develop the photos. With no permanent home of her own, she paid for storage units where her life's work was kept. The archives were auctioned when she died and she is now considered one of the best street photographers of the 20th century. Josephine McDermott presents accounts from the BBC archive from the people who found themselves in Vivian Maier's orbit. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Vivian Maier self-portrait. Credit: Vivian Maier/ Alamy) The secret street photography of a US nanny in the 1950s and 1960s The story of our times, told by the people who were there Vivian Maier was known in her lifetime as a nanny, and since her death, as one of the best street photographers of the 20th century. [LISTEN NOW]
	Wabot-1: The First Humanoid Robot	20241008	20241009 (WS)	Scientists at Waseda University in Japan built the world's first humanoid robot in 1973. They called it the 'WABOT', the Waseda robot. It could see, walk and even talk. It was a huge leap forward in the history of artificial intelligence and robotics. Dr Hiromichi Fujisawa tells Ben Henderson how he was tasked with making the robot speak. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Leader of the project, Professor Ichiro Kato, with WABOT-1. Credit: Future Robotics Organization/Waseda University) Scientists at Waseda University in Japan built the world's first humanoid robot in 1973. Dr Hiromichi Fujisawa tells Ben Henderson how he was tasked with making the robot speak. Scientists at Waseda University in Japan built the world's first humanoid robot in 1973. It was a huge leap forward in the history of artificial intelligence and robotics. Dr Hiromichi Fujisawa tells Ben Henderson how he was tasked with making the robot speak. [LISTEN NOW]
	Wallander And The Rise Of Nordic Noir	20251013	20251014 (WS)	Published in 1991, Faceless Killers was the first of Henning Mankell's crime novels featuring police inspector Kurt Wallander. The series changed the world of crime writing, introducing gritty social realism. The Wallander novels helped establish Scandinavia as the epicentre of crime fiction. Henning Mankell's former agent Anneli Høier speaks to Ben Henderson about the rise of Nordic Noir. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Henning Mankell. Credit: Gideon Mendel/Corbis via Getty Images) First published in 1991, Henning Mankell's novels changed the world of crime fiction The story of our times, told by the people who were there First published in 1991, Henning Mankell's novels about police inspector Kurt Wallander helped establish Scandinavia as the epicentre of crime fiction. [LISTEN NOW]
	Wang Jingwei: China's Traitor Or Protector?	20240124	20240125 (WS)	In 1937, Japan invaded China committing atrocities including the Nanjing Massacre. Wang Jingwei was a Chinese national hero and second-in-command of China's ruling Nationalist Party. He wanted to negotiate with Japan but his colleagues wouldn't listen. So he defected, and in 1940 he agreed to lead a Japanese-controlled puppet government in Nanjing. Many Chinese have hated him ever since – his name is synonymous with the word ‘Hanjian', a traitor to China. But Pan Chia-sheng's memories of living under Wang Jingwei's government tell a very different story. He speaks to Ben Henderson. (Photo: Wang Jingwei. Credit: Wang Wenxing via Wang Jingwei Irrevocable Trust) The national hero was branded a traitor for collaborating with Japan during World War Two The national hero was branded a traitor for collaborating with Japan during World War Two. But Pan Chia-sheng's memories of him tell a very different story.
	Wangari Maathai: The First African Woman To Win The Nobel Peace Prize	20251021	20251022 (WS)	In 2004, the Kenyan ecologist Wangari Maathai became the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Wangari Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977, a grass-roots organisation empowering local women to plant trees. It spread to other African countries and contributed to the planting of over 30 million trees. In 2016, Alex Last spoke to her daughter, Wanjira. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Wangari Maathai. Credit: William F Campbell/Getty Images) In 2004, Kenyan ecologist Wangari Maathai won the Nobel Peace Prize The story of our times, told by the people who were there Wangari Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement empowering local women to plant trees. It spread to other African countries and led to the planting of over 30 million trees. [LISTEN NOW]
	Waris Dirie: Destined To Be Famous	20240828	20240829 (WS)	In 1987, an unknown eight-teen year old Somalian model called Waris Dirie, walked into the studio of renowned British photographer Terrance Donovan. She had never had her picture taken before but after striking her first pose it was clear belonged in front of the lens. Although she says modelling was “easy-peasy ? it was not an obvious career path for Waris. She was born in the Somali desert to a nomadic family. When she was young she was forced to undergo female genital mutilation after which her family arranged a husband for her to marry. Waris tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how she walked barefoot across the Somalian desert to escape child marriage and how she became an international supermodel sensation. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Waris Dirie. Credit: Waris Dirie) In 1987, Waris Dirie had her first photo-shoot and became a supermodel sensation In 1987, Waris Dirie had her picture taken for the first time, after striking her first pose it was clear she belonged in front of the lens.
	Washington Dc's Mount Pleasant Riot	20250827	20250828 (WS)	In May 1991, a female police officer shot and wounded a young immigrant from El Salvador in the Mount Pleasant neighbourhood in Washington DC in the United States. It sparked several days of disturbances in the largely Hispanic area, as the population vented its frustrations at years of feeling sidelined by city officials. Shops were burnt down, cars overturned, and dozens of people were arrested before the police took back control of the streets. But for the first time, it gave visibility to a community that had been largely ignored. Mike Lanchin hears from musician and former resident of Mount Pleasant, Victor ‘Lilo' Gonzalez. A CTVC production. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: BlackBerry phone in 2002. Credit: Rob Homer/Fairfax Media via Getty Images) In 1991, rioting broke out in the US capital after a police officer shot a Salvadoran man The story of our times, told by the people who were there In May 1991, rioting broke out in the US capital after a police officer shot a Salvadoran man. [LISTEN NOW]
	West Africa Fights Back Against Boko Haram	20251201	20251202 (WS)	In 2015, West African countries fought against the jihadist militant group Boko Haram which controlled large areas of northeastern Nigeria. The group, whose name means “western education is forbidden ?, had killed thousands and displaced millions in the years preceding 2015. They made worldwide headlines in 2014 when they kidnapped 276 girls from a boarding school. Tim O'Callaghan speaks to retired Brigadier General Sani Kukasheka Usman, who was Director of Public Relations for the Nigerian Army in 2015. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Nigerian soldiers hold a Boko Haram flag after liberating an area from their control in 2015. Credit: Reuters) In 2015, a coalition of West African countries fought back against a caliphate in Nigeria The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	West Africa's Ebola Virus Epidemic	20240417	20240418 (WS)	The 2014 Ebola outbreak devastated West Africa, killing more than 11,000 people over a two year period. One country that suffered was Sierra Leone. The disease started in Guinea, but quickly spread to neighbouring countries. Before May 2014, there had never been an outbreak of Ebola in Sierra Leone. By autumn that year, burial teams were struggling to keep up with the number of corpses that needed burying. Dan Hardoon speaks to Yusuf Kabba, an Ebola survivor from Sierra Leone. (Photo: Headstones in the Waterloo Ebola Graveyard, Sierra Leone. Credit: HUGH KINSELLA CUNNINGHAM/AFP via Getty Images) In 2014, Sierra Leone was devastated by Africa's biggest Ebola outbreak on record
	Wham! In China	20240322		In 1985, the British band Wham! became the first Western pop act to play in China. Around 12,000 fans packed into the Worker's Gymnasium in Beijing to hear such hits as Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go and Freedom. Wham!'s manager Simon Napier-Bell tells Vicky Farncombe how the strangeness of the event affected singer George Michael's nerves.
	What The 1989 Solar Storm Did To Quebec	20240105	20240106 (WS)	On 13 March 1989, the Canadian province of Quebec suffered a nine-hour electricity blackout. Much of the state's infrastructure was damaged, but the power companies couldn't find any obvious cause. Physicist Aja Hruska was one of the only people in the country that knew the answer to Quebec's problem. A solar flare ejected by the sun had hit the earth's magnetic field, creating electrical havoc. And the damage could have been avoided if her warnings had been properly acknowledged. Aja shares her memories of that day with Eva Runciman. (Photo: A solar flare erupts from the sun. Credit: Photo 12/Universal Images Group/Getty Images) In 1989, a huge solar flare ground life to a halt in Quebec In 1989, a powerful solar flare hit the Earth's magnetic field and caused a nine-hour electricity blackout in Quebec.
	When Cuban Spy Ana Montes Was Caught	20240517	20240518 (WS)	In 2001, the American Ana Montes, who was working for the United States Defense Intelligence Agency was arrested for espionage. Although the FBI knew that there was a spy they didn't know who it was. The Cubans always referred to Ana by a man's name. Former FBI agent, Pete Lapp, tells Gill Kearsley the fascinating story of how he and his team tracked down and arrested Ana, who is known as ‘Queen of Cuba'. (Photo: Ana Montes in 2001. Credit: FBI ) The story of Cuban spy Ana Montes who was arrested in 2001 In 2001, the American Ana Montes, who was working for the United States Defense Intelligence Agency, was arrested for espionage. The FBI agent who caught her tells the story.
	When Emperor Haile Selassie Lived In England	20240910	20240911 (WS)	In 1936, Haile Selassie came to Bath in the west of England to escape Mussolini and the fascists who had invaded Ethiopia. He bought a house and moved his entire family and staff to property called Fairfield House and quickly became the talk of the town. The local paper ran daily updates on the Emperor's schedule and dispelled rumours like the Emperor's beard 'having turned white with anguish' or that he was keeping lions in the basement. Haile Selassie also made a point of indulging in local amusements and even took a trip to the iconic Tropicana outdoor swimming pool in Weston-super-Mare. Selassie returned to Ethiopia in 1940 after the British helped remove Mussolini. He never forgot his time in Bath and renamed one of his palaces Fairfield in tribute to the British city. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. In 1936, the Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie was exiled in Bath In 1936, the Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie was exiled in Bath in the west of England. He was escaping Mussolini and the fascists who had invaded his home country. [LISTEN NOW]
	When Emperor Haile Selassie Lived In Exile In England	20240910	20240911 (WS)	In 1936, Haile Selassie came to Bath in the west of England to escape Mussolini and the fascists who had invaded Ethiopia. He bought a property – Fairfield House - and moved his entire family and staff there. He quickly became the talk of the town. The local paper ran daily updates on the Emperor's schedule and dispelled rumours such as the Emperor's beard 'having turned white with anguish' or that he was keeping lions in the basement. Haile Selassie also made a point of indulging in local amusements and even took a trip to the Tropicana outdoor swimming pool in the seaside town of Weston-super-Mare. Selassie returned to Ethiopia in 1940 after the British helped remove Mussolini. He never forgot his time in Bath and renamed one of his palaces Fairfield in tribute to the British city. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Haile Selassie during his coronation. Credit: Getty Images ) In 1936, the Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie was exiled in Bath in the UK In 1936, the Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie was exiled in Bath in the west of England. He was escaping Mussolini and the fascists who had invaded his home country. [LISTEN NOW]
	When Instant Noodles Came To India	20241224		The arrival of instant noodles in India was a turning point in culinary history. In 1983, before Maggi 2-Minute Noodles launched, the country's food culture centred around chapati, lentils and rice and the Indian economy was still a closed market. Sangeeta Talwar, formerly of Nestle India, tells Surya Elango how instant noodles forever changed the food habits of the country. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	When Italy Gave Back Ethiopia's Stolen Obelisk	20240913		In 2005, the pieces of an ancient monument were flown back to Ethiopia, having been stolen by Italy. The Obelisk of Axum, built around 1,700 years ago, was 24-metres (78 feet) high and weighed around 160 tons. It was looted from Ethiopia on the orders of fascist dictator Benito Mussolini. He had it re-erected in Rome outside the former Ministry of the Colonies building near Circus Maximus. Despite a pledge to the United Nations in 1947 to return all plundered goods, it took nearly 60 years for Italy to return the stele. Architect Michele Daniele was one of those involved in dismantling, transporting and re-erecting the tower. He tells Vicky Farncombe about the “hardest days ? of his career. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.
	When Maldives' Ministers Met Underwater	20251114	20251115 (WS)	On 17 October 2009, the Maldives' top government officials donned their scuba gear for the world's first underwater cabinet meeting. Fish floated around while ministers communicated with hand gestures, white boards and special underwater pencils. Meanwhile on the surface, journalists jostled to see what was happening. The watery meeting was filmed and photographed and subsequently broadcast across the world. The President at the time, Mohamed Nasheed, wanted to show the world the impact climate change would have on his country if carbon dioxide emissions weren't curbed. Graihagh Jackson speaks to him to find out if the stunt worked. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Maldives President Mohamed Nasheed presiding over an underwater cabinet meeting. Credit:EPA/Maldives Presidency). In 2009, ministers from the Maldives held the first underwater cabinet meeting The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 2009, the Maldives' top ministers donned their scuba gear for a meeting. They wanted to show the world the impact climate change would have on their country. [LISTEN NOW]
	When Norway Introduced Salmon Sushi To Japan	20250718	20250719 (WS)	In the late 1980s, Norway needed a new market for its farmed salmon. Fish-loving Japan and its lucrative sushi market seemed to fit the bill. But salmon was one fish the Japanese did not eat raw. Lars Bevanger speaks to Bjørn-Eirik Olsen, the man who came up with the idea of putting salmon on sushi rice, and spent years convincing the Japanese to eat it. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal ; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Bjørn-Eirik Olsen in Japan. Credit: Bjørn-Eirik Olsen) In the late 1980s, Norwegian Bj\u00f8rn-Eirik Olsen came up with the idea of salmon on sushi The story of our times, told by the people who were there In the late 1980s, Norway needed a new market for its farmed salmon production. Bjørn-Eirik Olsen came up with the idea of putting salmon on sushi rice. [LISTEN NOW]
	When Norway Introduced Salmon Sushi To Japan	20251217	20251218 (WS)	In the late 1980s, Norway needed a new market for its growing farmed salmon production. Fish-loving Japan and its lucrative sushi market seemed to fit the bill. But salmon was one fish the Japanese did not eat raw. Lars Bevanger speaks to Bjørn-Eirik Olsen, the man who came up with the idea of putting salmon on sushi rice, and who spent years convincing the Japanese to eat it. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo:Bjørn-Eirik Olsen in Japan. Credit: Bjørn-Eirik Olsen) In the late 1980s, Norway was looking for a new market to sell its salmon The story of our times, told by the people who were there Salmon was the one fish the Japanese didn't eat raw, but in the late 1980s a man from Norway was trying to change that. [LISTEN NOW]
	When Pink Floyd Played In Venice	20260210	20260211 (WS)	In July 1989, Pink Floyd played a free concert to 200,000 people in Venice, Italy. The British rock band took to a stage made of floating barges as crowds of fans watched from boats, gondolas and rooftops. The show was also broadcast worldwide to an estimated 100 million viewers in over 20 countries. But, behind the scenes, the gig was marred by controversy. Concerns about crowd numbers and the potential damage the noise could do to the city's historical buildings nearly saw the show called off. But no one could have predicted it would bring down the city's politicians. Italian music promoter, Fran Tomasi, who worked with the band and came up with the idea for the show, talks to Emma Forde. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. Thanks to Granada International /RaiUno/Promoproductions, Inc. (Photo: Pink Floyd performing in Venice. Credit: Andrea Pattaro) In July 1989, Pink Floyd played a controversial concert to 200,000 people in Venice The story of our times, told by the people who were there In July 1989, Pink Floyd played a free concert to 200,000 people in Venice, Italy. But, behind the scenes, the gig was marred by controversy. [LISTEN NOW]
	When Ravi Shankar Taught George Harrison The Sitar	20251128	20251129 (WS)	Following the Beatles final concert tour, George Harrison travelled to India in 1967 to learn sitar under the renowned musician Ravi Shankar. Fleeing Beatlemania he travelled in disguise to Mumbai and then to Srinagar in Kashmir. Listening to BBC archive and using excerpts from a Martin Scorsese documentary, we hear one of the world's most famous guitarists challenge himself to learn a new instrument. The moment influenced George's spirituality, his burgeoning solo musical career, as well as the Beatles. It also propelled Ravi Shankar further into the limelight. The musicians remained lifelong friends. Ravi says they last saw each other on 28 November 2001, the day before George died. Produced and presented by Surya Elango. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: George Harrison and Ravi Shankar in 1975. Credit: by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images) In 1967, Ravi Shankar taught the 'quiet Beatle' George Harrison how to play the sitar The story of our times, told by the people who were there The Indian sitarist Ravi Shankar taught the Beatles' lead guitarist George Harrison the sitar, bringing classical Indian music to a western audience. [LISTEN NOW]
	When Stalin Silenced Shostakovich	20250805	20250806 (WS)	Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich was one of the greatest musicians of the 20th century. But in 1936, Joseph Stalin attended a performance of Shostakovich's opera, Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk. The Soviet leader was unimpressed and left early. Days later, the state newspaper Pravda published a scathing review titled 'Muddle instead of music', castigating the music as bourgeois. Shostakovich was blacklisted from public life, and feared for his safety during Stalin's ongoing purges. The traditional style of his comeback Symphony No 5 in 1937 was a hit with the authorities, and Shostakovich's reputation was restored. But his true intentions are hugely debated – some experts argue the Fifth Symphony was a cleverly veiled act of dissent. Fifty years on from the composer's death, his son Maxim Shostakovich unfolds the mystery with Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Dmitri Shostakovich and his son Maxim Shostakovich. Credit: Express/Getty Images) In 1936, Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich was denounced The story of our times, told by the people who were there In 1936, Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich was denounced by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. In response, he wrote one of the most controversial symphonies in history. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. [LISTEN NOW]
	Whistler: Creating One Of The World's Biggest Ski Resorts	20240223	20240224 (WS)	In 2003, Whistler Blackcomb won its bid to host the Winter Olympic Games for the first time. It was six time lucky for the Canadian ski resort which had been open to the public in 1966. The mountain – which is named after the high pitched whistle of the native marmot – has been through a lot of iterations and one man has been there to see nearly all of them. Hugh Smythe, known as one of the ‘founding fathers' of Whistler, has been sharing his memories of the mountain with Matt Pintus. (Photo: Whistler mountain. Credit: Getty Images) In 2003, Whistler Blackcomb won its bid to host the Winter Olympics In 2003, Whistler Blackcomb won its bid to host the Winter Olympics. It was six time lucky for the Canadian ski resort. Hugh Smythe shares his memories with Matt Pintus.
	Why Tupac Was Fired From Menace Ii Society	20240924	20240925 (WS)	In 1993, a gritty and unflinching crime movie called Menace II Society was released to huge acclaim. The debut picture from the teenage directors, Allen and Albert Hughes, provided a deep dive into the harsh realities faced by many young African Americans growing up in Los Angeles. But behind the scenes, all was not well and the violence on-screen bled into real life. Rap sensation, Tupac Shakur – who had originally been cast to feature in the movie – had fallen out with the directors and was sacked during production. He promised retribution against the Hughes brothers, and his retribution would eventually land him time in jail. More than 30 years on from the movie's release, Allen Hughes shares his memories of that time with Matt Pintus. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Tupac Shakur pictured in 1993. Credit: Getty Images) In 1993, the Hughes brothers released their debut movie In 1993, Menace II Society was released to huge acclaim. Behind the scenes, all was not well and the violence on-screen bled into real life. The debut picture from the teenage directors, Allen and Albert Hughes, provided a deep dive into the harsh realities faced by many young African Americans growing up Los Angeles. [LISTEN NOW]
	Winifred Atwell: The Honky-tonk Star Who Was Sir Elton John's Hero	20240314	20240315 (WS)	Winifred Atwell was a classically-trained pianist from Trinidad who became one of the best-selling artists of the 1950s in the UK. She played pub tunes on her battered, out-of-tune piano which travelled everywhere with her. Her fans included Sir Elton John and Queen Elizabeth II. She was the first instrumentalist to go to number one in the UK. This programme, produced and presented by Vicky Farncombe, tells her story using archive interviews. (Photo: Winifred Atwell. Credit: BBC) The forgotten story of Winifred Atwell, the pianist from Trinidad who broke sales records Winifred Atwell was the classically-trained pianist from Trinidad who became the first black artist to go to number one in the UK.
	Wole Soyinka: Imprisoned During Nigeria's Biafra War	20251204	20251205 (WS)	In 1967, Nigerian writer Wole Soyinka tried to stop the country's Biafra war, in which Nigeria's Igbo people responded to violence by seceding from the rest of the country. They proclaimed a new Republic of Biafra. When the fighting began, Soyinka was building a reputation as a poet and playwright abroad. However, in a last-ditch attempt to avert civil war, he set off on a secret mission behind the front line to meet the Biafran leader, Emeka Odumegwu Ojukwu. When he left Biafra, he was imprisoned by the federal government without trial for more than two years. Soyinka drew on his prison experience in his writing over the following years, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1986 - the first African to win the award. He looks back on those events with Ben Henderson. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Wole Soyinka in 1969. Credit: Keystone-France/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) In 1967, Nigerian writer Wole Soyinka was jailed following his efforts to avert civil war The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]
	Women's Rights In Independent Tunisia	20260320	20260321 (WS)	It's 70 years since Tunisian gained independence from France. In August 1956, it brought in a new equality law that revolutionised women's lives. Under the socialist President Habib Bourguiba, the North African country became the first in the Muslim world to legalise civil divorce and abortion and to ban polygamy. Bourguiba also gave women the vote and widened access to education. Nidale Abou Mrad spoke to Saida El Gueyed, a founding member of the Tunisian Women's Union, in 2019. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by and curious about the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from how the Excel spreadsheet was developed, the creation of cartoon rabbit Miffy and how the sound barrier was broken. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: the moment Reagan and Gorbachev met in Geneva, Haitian singer Emerante de Pradines' life and Omar Sharif's legendary movie entrance in Lawrence of Arabia. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, like the invention of a stent which has saved lives around the world; the birth of the G7; and the meeting of Maldives' ministers underwater. We cover everything from World War Two and Cold War stories to Black History Month and our journeys into space. (Photo: Members of the Tunisian Women's Union. Credit: Courtesy of Saida El Gueyed) In 1956, Tunisia gained independence and soon gave new rights to women The story of our times, told by the people who were there In August 1956, a newly independent Tunisia brought in a new equality law revolutionising women's lives. [LISTEN NOW]
	World War Two's Rome Escape Line	20250609	20250610 (WS)	Between September 1943 and June 1944, the Italian capital Rome was occupied by German soldiers during the Second World War. Italy had surrendered and thousands of allied prisoners of war had escaped from internment camps in the country. An Irish priest, called Monsignor Hugh O'Flaherty, who was working for the neutral state of Vatican City set in the heart of Rome, did everything he could to help the escaped prisoners evade capture by the Nazis. Tim O'Callaghan has been speaking to his nephew – also called Hugh O'Flaherty about his uncle's life. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Hugh O'Flaherty. Credit: The O'Flaherty family) How an Irish priest saved thousands of allied prisoners of war and Jews in Rome in WW2 The story of our times, told by the people who were there The story of an Irish priest who helped escaped allied prisoners of war and Jews evade the Nazis in Rome during the Second World War. [LISTEN NOW]
	World War Two's Shetland Bus	20260216	20260217 (WS)	During World War Two, whilst Norway was occupied by Nazi Germany, a group of Norwegian sailors set up a base on the Shetland islands and began aiding their country's resistance. Named “The Shetland Bus ? they made perilous journeys across the North Sea in fishing boats, smuggling agents, equipment and ammunition into Norway. Their most famous skipper was Leif Larsen. He made more than 50 journeys to and from occupied Norway during the war and became one of the highest decorated naval officers of World War Two. Tim O'Callaghan tells his story using archive interviews Leif gave to the BBC in 1981 and 1985. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: The Shetland Bus crew, Leif Larsen second from left next to agent in white coat. Credit: David Howarth) The Norwegian sailors who aided their country's resistance against the Nazis The story of our times, told by the people who were there During World War Two, Norwegian sailors who had escaped the Nazis set up a base in the Shetland Islands and began aiding their country's resistance. [LISTEN NOW]
	World's First Solar-heated Home	20231201	20231202 (WS)	In December 1948, a family of Hungarian refugees moved into the world's first home to be heated entirely by solar power. What made the Dover Sun House, in Massachusetts, United States, even more special was that it had been created by three women at a time when men dominated the fields of science and engineering. Heiress Amelia Peabody funded it, architect Eleanor Raymond designed it and biophysicist Maria Telkes created the heating system. Andrew Nemethy, who grew up in the house, tells Vicky Farncombe how it felt to live in an 'elongated cheese wedge'. (Photo: The Dover Sun House. Credit: Getty Images) In 1948, the Dover Sun House, in the US, was the first home to be heated by solar power It's 75 years since three eminent women came together to create the world's first home to be heated entirely by solar power. This programme has been updated since its original broadcast. It was edited on 6 December 2023.
	World's First Womb Transplant Baby	20250904	20250905 (WS)	In September 2014, the world's first baby was born to a mother with a transplanted womb, making headlines around the globe. Malin Stenberg had the pioneering surgery over a year earlier when she received the donated organ from a family friend, giving birth to her son Vincent at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Sweden. Reena Stanton-Sharma speaks to Prof Pernilla Dahm-Kähler, who was a member of the talented team whose dedication would help bring Vincent into the world. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. In 2014, the world's first baby born to a mother with a transplanted womb was delivered The story of our times, told by the people who were there The world's first baby born to a mother with a transplanted womb was delivered in 2014. Malin Stenberg gave birth to her son Vincent at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Sweden. [LISTEN NOW]
	Yazidi Genocide: A Rescue Mission On Mount Sinjar	20240730	20240731 (WS)	When Islamic State (IS) militants took control of Syria and Iraq in June 2014, the entire Yazidi population in Sinjar were immediately in grave danger. The Sunni Muslims of IS believed Yazidis were infidels and should either convert to Islam or be killed. On 3 August 2014, 5,000 Yazidis were killed on the first day of the genocide. For those who survived that night, the only escape route was to climb Mount Sinjar in the blistering heat, with no shelter or food, and pray to be rescued. Mirza Dinnayi convinced Iraq's president to supply three helicopters and began evacuating 50,000 Yazidis, who were stranded on top of the mountain in a race against time. Mirza shares his experience with Sarah Ehrlich. A 2 Degrees West production for BBC World Service. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP. (Photo: Yazidi people escape the Sinjar mountains in August 2014. Credit: Emrah Yorulmaz/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) How Yazidis in Iraq fled to Mount Sinjar to escape genocide in August 2014 In August 2014, Islamic State militants killed 5,000 Yazidi people. It was the first day of the genocide in Iraq, displacing the entire community of 400,000. Mirza shares his experience with Sarah Ehrlich. This is a 2 Degrees West production for the BBC World Service.
	Ycu\u00e1 Bola\u00f1os Supermarket Fire	20231106	20231107 (WS)	In August 2004, more than 300 people died when a supermarket caught fire in Paraguay's capital, Asunción. It is seen as the country's worst peacetime disaster. Tatiana Gabaglio escaped the fire. She speaks to Ben Henderson. (Photo: Mourners gathering after the Ycuá Bolaños fire. Credit: Norberto Duarte/AFP via Getty Images) More than 300 people died in Paraguay's capital in 2004 In August 2004, more than 300 people died when a supermarket caught fire in Paraguay's capital, Asunción. Tatiana Gabaglio escaped the fire.
	Yeltsin Speaks At The Reburial Of The Romanovs	20231212	20231213 (WS)	In 1998, Russia's President Boris Yeltsin shocked the nation with a last-minute decision to speak at the reburial of Tsar Nicholas II and his family, 80 years after their murder. “We must end an age of blood and violence in Russia, ? he said, as he called for the country to face up to the crimes of its communist past. Lilia Dubovaya, a reporter for the state news service, told Robert Nicholson about the emotional weight of the day. A Whistledown production for BBC World Service. (Image: President Yeltsin at the reburial of Tsar Nicholas II. Credit: Reuters) In 1998, the Russian president condemned the Soviet violence that killed Tsar Nicholas II In 1998, Russia's president decried the violence of the Soviet era, as the remains of the murdered Tsar Nicholas II and family were laid to rest.
	Yinka Shonibare: Nelson's Ship In A Bottle	20231009	20231010 (WS)	On 24 May 2010, artist Yinka Shonibare unveiled Nelson's Ship in a Bottle, on the fourth plinth in London's Trafalgar Square. The piece was the world's largest ship in a bottle, but it wasn't just any vessel. It was a replica of HMS Victory, commanded by Admiral Lord Nelson in the Battle of Trafalgar, except Yinka had made an eye-catching change. The ship's plain sails had been replaced with colourful Dutch wax sails. Dutch wax is a fabric typically sold in West Africa. Yinka's work captivated crowds and left people wondering what it meant. “Some people were like ‘oh great we are celebrating Britishness. Fantastic', and then some other groups said ‘Oh this is a critique of Britain. Fantastic'. I love it when the work does that! ?, says Yinka. He tells Anoushka Mutanda-Dougherty how his artwork was created and what it means to him. On 24 May 2010, artist Yinka Shonibare unveiled his sculpture, Nelson's Ship in a Bottle
1965	Singaporean Independence	20250808	20250809 (WS)	On 9 August 1965 Singapore announced it had left the Federation of Malaysia and become an independent sovereign state. Explaining the separation at a news conference, the prime minister, Lee Kuan Yew, was overcome with emotion. Fifty years later in 2015, Catherine Davis spoke to Manjeet Kaur who was 15-years-old when Singapore became independent. Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages. (Photo: Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew. Credit: BBC) The 60th anniversary of Singaporean independence The story of our times, told by the people who were there [LISTEN NOW]